CN113061720A - Leaching method of kaolinite claystone sintering product in coal measure stratum - Google Patents
Leaching method of kaolinite claystone sintering product in coal measure stratum Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/10—Hydrochloric acid, other halogenated acids or salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1236—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1236—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching
- C22B34/124—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching using acidic solutions or liquors
- C22B34/1245—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching using acidic solutions or liquors containing a halogen ion as active agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/20—Obtaining niobium, tantalum or vanadium
- C22B34/24—Obtaining niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B58/00—Obtaining gallium or indium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B59/00—Obtaining rare earth metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0015—Obtaining aluminium by wet processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of rare metal extraction, and discloses a leaching method of a coal measure stratum kaolinite claystone sintered product, which comprises the following steps of firstly adding water into the sintered product, stirring and mixing the mixture, and then separating water leaching liquid and water leaching filter residue for later use; adding HCl solution into the water leaching filter residue, stirring and mixing to form acid leaching solution, and separating the acid leaching filter residue and acid leaching filtrate to complete leaching of rare metals and rare earth elements; during water leaching and acid leaching, water or HCl solution is added in a mode of synchronously feeding liquid into the bottom and the side wall. The method can leach rare metals in the kaolinite claystone sintered product in the coal measure stratum, and the leaching effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rare metal extraction, and particularly relates to a leaching method of a kaolinite claystone sintering product in a coal measure stratum.
Background
The rare metal is a metal which has a small content in the earth crust and is distributed sparsely or is difficult to extract from the raw materials, is mainly used for manufacturing special steel, super-hard alloy and high-temperature-resistant alloy, and is widely applied to the aspects of electrical industry, chemical industry, ceramic industry, atomic energy industry, rocket technology and the like. Therefore, the development and utilization of rare metals have very important significance for the progress of economy and science and technology in China.
A new deposit-coal measure strata kaolinite claystone is found at present, which is rich in a plurality of rare metals and rare earth elements such as Nb, Ti, Ga, REE, etc.
Wherein (Nb, Ta)2O5: the content is 118-.
TiO2: the content is 1.55 to 5.03 percent, the average value is 3.82 percent, and the content exceeds the specification of DZ/T0208-2The minimum industrial grade required (1.5%).
Ga: the content is 19-68.7 mu g/g, the average value is 38.2 mu g/g, Ga has no independent deposit industrial index, and the industrial grade requirement (30 mu g/g) of associated Ga in coal mines is met.
REO: the content is 275-.
In addition, the main elements Al and Si contained in the kaolinite claystone layer are respectively Al2O3: 11.23-35.15%, mean 29.28%; SiO 2: 15.54-42.07%, and the average value is 35.3%.
Therefore, the extraction and use of rare metals in kaolinite claystone in coal measure strata are problems to be solved urgently at present. In order to extract rare metals from kaolinite claystone in coal measure strata, a new extraction process is explored, wherein the kaolinite claystone in coal measure strata is sintered to form sintered products, the rare metals in the sintered products are leached out, and the leached out rare metals are extracted one by one. Through sintering the kaolinite claystone in the coal measure stratum, the minerals can be decomposed, the rare earth elements existing in the minerals are released, and the corresponding compounds are produced, so that the subsequent leaching is facilitated. After the rare earth elements are released, the rare metals in the sintered product need to be leached. How to improve the leaching rate of rare metals in the leaching step is currently a key research direction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a leaching method of a kaolinite claystone sintering product in a coal measure stratum, which can improve the leaching rate of rare metals.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the leaching method of the kaolinite claystone sintering product in the coal measure stratum comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: soaking in water
Adding water into the sintered product, stirring, mixing, and separating out water leaching solution and water leaching filter residue for later use;
step two: acid leaching
Adding HCl solution into the water leaching filter residue, stirring and mixing to form acid leaching solution, and separating the acid leaching filter residue and acid leaching filtrate to complete leaching of rare metals and rare earth elements;
during water leaching and acid leaching, water or HCl solution is added in a mode of synchronously feeding liquid into the bottom and the side wall.
The technical principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows:
firstly, water is added into the sintered product, and part of rare metals and rare earth elements in the sintered product are leached by the water and are converted into the water in an ion form. And after water leaching, part of rare metals and rare earth elements still remain in the separated water leaching filter residue, and the HCl solution is added into the water leaching filter residue to leach the residual rare metals and rare earth elements in the water leaching filter residue, so that the rare metals and the rare earth elements are converted into the acid leaching solution in an ion form, and the leaching of the rare metals and the rare earth elements is completed. The leaching effect of rare metals and rare earth elements can be improved by combining water leaching and acid leaching.
When the leaching experiments of the rare metals and the rare earth elements are completed by matching water leaching and acid leaching, the leaching rates of the rare metals and the rare earth elements are found to be different greatly under the same conditions in the single water leaching experiments or acid leaching experiments, and the maximum difference is even more than 10 percent, which shows that the leaching rates of the water leaching and the acid leaching are unstable.
Based on this, the inventors have duplicated the whole procedure and improved on possible causes. As a result, the solution and the solid particles are in a stable equilibrium circle in the whole process of water leaching and acid leaching, and the contact and leaching effects of the solid particles and the solution are different according to different particle distributions. Therefore, the liquid feeding mode during leaching is changed, the original solid-liquid balance ring is broken, and the leaching rate is improved.
When leaching, need stir, and during the stirring, sintering product granule and water logging filter residue granule all can receive the effect of centrifugal force, rotate along the inner wall of container for sintering product granule and water logging filter residue granule exist the position and remain unchanged throughout (along the container inner wall), and the stirring can have the dead angle, and partial sintering product granule and water logging filter residue granule can be under the action of gravity, subside, and then can lead to whole mixing stirring's effect not good, influence rare metal and rare earth element's leaching. Through bottom and lateral wall circulation feed liquor, can strike the sintering product granule and the water logging filter residue granule that the bottom subsides at first for intensive mixing, secondly, can break the impact force of equidirectional, produce stable balance ring when breaking the stirring, make each sintering product granule and water logging filter residue granule be in comparatively unordered motion state relatively, and then can make the contact effect of water or HCl and sintering product granule and water logging filter residue granule and leach the effect to rare metal and rare earth element better.
In conclusion, according to the technical scheme, part of rare metals in the sintered product are leached in a water leaching mode, part of the rare metals can remain in the water leaching filter residue, and then the HCl is used for leaching the remaining rare metals in the water leaching filter residue; meanwhile, the original stirring balance ring can be broken by combining a special liquid inlet mode, so that more rare metals and rare earth elements are obtained, and the leaching rate of the sintered product is improved.
Further, in the first step, the water immersion temperature is 90 ℃, the mixing time is 2 hours, and the ratio of the sintered product to water is 1g: 10 ml.
Has the advantages that: by configuring the water leaching temperature, the water leaching time and the proportion of water to the sintered product, the leaching rate of rare metals can be high, the waste of water can be reduced, and the cost is saved.
Further, the weight ratio of the water leaching filter residue to the acid leaching solution in the step two is 1g to 20-40 ml.
Has the advantages that: by configuring the solid-liquid ratio in the acid leaching step, rare metals in a sintered product can be fully leached, the waste of the acid leaching solution caused by adding more acid leaching solution can be avoided, and the cost can be reduced.
Further, the acid leaching temperature in the step two is 40-80 ℃.
Has the advantages that: through limiting the temperature, the adsorption effect is better when the leaching is carried out.
Further, the acid leaching time in the step two is 2-6 h.
Has the advantages that: by setting the acid leaching time, the leaching of rare metals can be fully ensured, and the problem of time waste caused by long time consumption can be solved.
Further, the concentration of HCl used in the second step is 2-8 mol/L.
Has the advantages that: by setting the concentration of HCl, the leaching effect of rare metals can be good.
And further, after the prepared solid-liquid ratio is added, leading out the solution at the top, and mixing the solution with the sintered product or the water-soaked filter residue according to the introduction of the synchronous liquid inlet at the bottom and the side wall.
Has the advantages that: the solid particles are positioned at the lower part under the action of self gravity, so that no solid particles or less solid particles are contained in the solution at the upper part, the solution at the upper part is led out and then repeatedly led in the water leaching or acid leaching process, the solution with fixed proportion can be used, and a stirring balance ring is broken in the whole water leaching or acid leaching process, so that the leaching rate of rare metals and rare earth elements is higher.
Further, the direction of the side wall liquid inlet is arranged along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the container used for water leaching or acid leaching, and the direction of the side wall liquid inlet is opposite to the stirring direction.
Has the advantages that: the liquid entering from the side wall is opposite to the stirring direction, so that the solution in stirring can impact the liquid entering from the side wall, the leaching effect is further improved, and the leaching rate is improved.
Detailed Description
Example (b):
the leaching method of the kaolinite claystone sintering product in the coal measure stratum comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: soaking in water
According to the weight ratio of 1g: and (3) putting the sintered product and pure water into a reaction kettle with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 10ml, stirring and mixing for 2 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃, and separating water leaching filtrate and water leaching filter residue. At this time, part of rare metals and rare earth elements in the sintered product are leached and converted in the form of ions in the water leaching filtrate.
Step two: acid leaching
According to the weight ratio of 1g: adding water leaching filter residue and HCl solution with concentration of 2-8mol/L into a reaction kettle with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 20-40ml, stirring and mixing to form acid leaching solution, and keeping the temperature in the reaction kettle to be 40-80 ℃ all the time in the process; after acid leaching for 2-6h, separating acid leaching filter residue and acid leaching filtrate. The rare metals and rare earth elements are converted in ionic form in the acid leach filtrate by acid leaching.
In the steps of water leaching and acid leaching, pure water or HCl solution is added in a mode of synchronously and continuously feeding liquid from the bottom and the side wall, taking the step of water leaching as an example, when the water leaching reaction is carried out, a sintered product is put into a reaction kettle firstly, then the pure water is added into the reaction kettle through the bottom and the side wall of the reaction kettle, and the bottom and the top of the reaction kettle are both provided with a plurality of water inlet points; the direction of the side wall liquid inlet is arranged along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the reaction kettle. When the reaction kettle operates, stirring can be carried out, and if the stirring is carried out clockwise, the liquid inlet direction of the side wall is anticlockwise. After pure water with a set proportion is added into the reaction kettle, the solution at the upper part of the reaction kettle is led out and is continuously led in through the bottom and the side wall, and the cyclic and continuous solution adding into the reaction kettle is completed.
Experiment 1:
and 9 sets of experiments are set, 15g of sintered product and 150ml of pure water are respectively added into the reaction kettle, the mixture is soaked in water at 90 ℃ for 2 hours, mixing and stirring are carried out during the water soaking process, and the leaching rate of each experimental group is recorded, wherein the specific conditions are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Experiments prove that under the same conditions, the leaching rates of the elements are different, and researches show that stirring dead angles can appear during leaching, so that the distribution modes of sintered products are different, the whole leaching effect can be different, and the leaching rate difference among different experimental groups is large.
Experiment 2:
9 experimental groups were prepared under the same conditions as in experiment 1, and water leaching was performed in the manner of the water leaching step provided in this application, to obtain leaching rates of the different experimental groups, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
Experiments prove that the leaching rate of rare metals and rare earth elements is integrally improved by using the water leaching method provided by the invention; and the leaching rates of rare metals and rare earth elements are kept in a relatively stable state, so that the leaching method can be widely popularized and used.
Experiment 3:
in the acid leaching step, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the influencing factors, the acid leaching temperature, the acid leaching time and the concentration of the used hydrochloric acid are configured, and the leaching rates of metals under different influencing factors are respectively recorded, wherein the influencing factors of the experimental group are shown in table 3, and the leaching rates of different experimental groups are shown in table 4.
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
As can be seen from the data in the table, the acid leaching test has the greatest effect on the Al, Ti, Ga and REY leaching rates, namely the acid-solid ratio, and then the acid leaching time, temperature and acid concentration.
The best Ti leaching effect is the second group, and the leaching rate reaches 88.27%; the best Ga leaching effect is the eighth group, and the leaching rate reaches 87.12 percent; the first group has the best Al and REY leaching effects, and the leaching rates are 72.81 percent and 85.56 percent respectively; the acid leaching test has very limited leaching of niobium. The leaching effects of the elements are comprehensively considered, and the optimal scheme of the ratio of the factors during leaching is that the solid-liquid ratio is 1g:20ml, the acid leaching temperature is 40 ℃, the acid leaching time is 2h, the hydrochloric acid concentration is 4mol/L, the solid-liquid ratio is 1g:20ml, the acid leaching temperature is 60 ℃, the acid leaching time is 4h, and the hydrochloric acid concentration is 6 mol/L.
In conclusion, the method can ensure that the accumulative leaching rate of Ti in the kaolinite claystone sintered product in the coal measure stratum can reach more than 70 percent, the accumulative leaching rate of Ga can reach more than 90 percent, and the accumulative leaching rate of Sigma REY can reach more than 85 percent by combining the water leaching and the acid leaching; and the liquid inlet mode is changed, so that the leaching rate of rare metals and rare earth elements is more stable, and the leaching effect is better.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications should not be construed as affecting the performance of the invention and its practical application.
Claims (8)
1. The leaching method of the kaolinite claystone sintering product in the coal measure stratum is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: soaking in water
Adding water into the sintered product, stirring, mixing, and separating out water leaching solution and water leaching filter residue for later use;
step two: acid leaching
Adding HCl solution into the water leaching filter residue, stirring and mixing to form acid leaching solution, and separating the acid leaching filter residue and acid leaching filtrate to complete leaching of rare metals and rare earth elements;
during water leaching and acid leaching, water or HCl solution is added in a mode of synchronously feeding liquid into the bottom and the side wall.
2. The method for leaching sintered kaolinite claystone products from a coal-series formation, according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the water immersion temperature is 90 ℃, the mixing time is 2h, and the ratio of the sintered product to water is 1g: 10 ml.
3. The method for leaching sintered kaolinite claystone products from a coal-series formation, according to claim 2, wherein: in the second step, the weight ratio of the water leaching filter residue to the acid leaching solution is 1g to 20-40 ml.
4. The method for leaching sintered kaolinite claystone products from a coal-series formation, according to claim 3, wherein: the acid leaching temperature in the second step is 40-80 ℃.
5. The method for leaching sintered kaolinite claystone products from a coal-series formation, according to claim 4, wherein: the acid leaching time in the step two is 2-6 h.
6. The method for leaching sintered kaolinite claystone products from a coal-series formation, according to claim 5, wherein: the concentration of HCl used in the second step is 2-8 mol/L.
7. The method for leaching sintered kaolinite claystone products from a coal-series formation, according to claim 6, wherein: and after the prepared solid-liquid ratio is added, leading out the solution at the top, and mixing the solution with the sintered product or the water-soaked filter residue according to the introduction of the synchronous liquid inlet at the bottom and the side wall.
8. The method for leaching sintered kaolinite claystone products from a coal-series formation, according to claim 7, wherein: the direction of the side wall liquid inlet is arranged along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the container used for water leaching or acid leaching, and the direction of the side wall liquid inlet is opposite to the stirring direction.
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| CN102836661A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2012-12-26 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Gas-filling temperature-raising leaching tank |
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