CN113060970A - Concrete water-retaining agent, preparation method thereof and concrete using concrete water-retaining agent - Google Patents
Concrete water-retaining agent, preparation method thereof and concrete using concrete water-retaining agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN113060970A CN113060970A CN202110519198.4A CN202110519198A CN113060970A CN 113060970 A CN113060970 A CN 113060970A CN 202110519198 A CN202110519198 A CN 202110519198A CN 113060970 A CN113060970 A CN 113060970A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/46—Water-loss or fluid-loss reducers, hygroscopic or hydrophilic agents, water retention agents
- C04B2103/465—Water-sorbing agents, hygroscopic or hydrophilic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The application relates to a concrete water-retaining agent, a preparation method thereof and concrete using the same, belonging to the technical field of concrete admixtures and comprising 20-30 parts of polycarboxylic acid, 2-6 parts of tea saponin, 10-20 parts of cellulose ether, 5-14 parts of dispersible latex powder and 30-40 parts of inorganic water-absorbing material. The preparation method of the water-retaining agent comprises the following steps: the water-retaining agent is obtained by uniformly mixing the raw materials. This application can improve the water retention ability of concrete, solves the self-drying shrink problem of concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of concrete admixtures, in particular to a concrete water-retaining agent, a preparation method thereof and concrete using the same.
Background
At present, concrete is needed to be used in projects such as bridges, roads, subways and the like, and higher requirements are provided for the performance of the concrete in order to meet the rapid development of other projects such as the construction industry and the like. The admixture is an important technical way for improving the performance of concrete, along with the wide use of the admixture, the water cement ratio of the concrete is smaller and smaller, and free water in the concrete is also smaller and smaller, but the cement needs to have enough water to react with the admixture in the hardening process, so that the self-contraction phenomenon of the concrete is reduced, and the strength of the concrete is ensured. Therefore, the concrete is often required to be subjected to a water retention operation, so that the loss of water in the concrete is reduced, and the hydration of the cementing material in the concrete is promoted.
The traditional concrete water retention method is to add a proper amount of cellulose, and the cellulose has a certain water retention effect but has a poor effect. At present, curing agents with a water retention effect, such as organosilicon curing agents, are also available in the market, and the action mechanism of the curing agents is that a layer of curing agent is sprayed on the concrete after the concrete is molded for 4-8 hours, so that a hydrophobic film is formed on the surface of the concrete, and the curing effect is achieved. However, such curing agents require separate construction, and are complicated in process and operation. Therefore, a water-retaining agent with better water retention property is urgently needed at present to effectively solve the problem of self-drying shrinkage of concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the water retention performance of concrete and solve the problem of self-drying shrinkage of concrete, the application provides a concrete water retention agent, a preparation method thereof and concrete using the concrete water retention agent.
First aspect, the application provides a concrete water-retaining agent adopts following technical scheme:
a concrete water-retaining agent comprises 20-30 parts of polycarboxylic acid, 2-6 parts of tea saponin, 10-20 parts of cellulose ether, 5-14 parts of dispersible latex powder and 30-40 parts of inorganic water-absorbing material.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, adopt specific raw materials and ratio cooperation in this application for cooperation, the combined action can effectively improve the water retention ability of concrete between each raw materials, provides moisture for the cement hydration reaction, reduces the fracture phenomenon that concrete self-drying shrinkage caused.
The tea saponin is an excellent nonionic natural surfactant, has good foaming, emulsifying, dispersing and wetting effects, is hardly influenced by water hardness, and can introduce enough tiny bubbles with uniform size; meanwhile, the tea saponin can be compatible with the polycarboxylic acid to improve the stability of bubbles, so that the phenomena of bleeding and segregation during concrete mixing are reduced.
In addition, the polycarboxylic acid contains a large amount of carboxyl, and can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, so that a large amount of water is absorbed, the loss of water in the concrete is reduced, the water is provided for the subsequent hydration reaction of the cement, and the cracks generated by the self-drying shrinkage of the concrete are reduced.
The inorganic water-absorbing material is a material with a porous structure, can absorb a large amount of water, and forms an organic-inorganic compound structure with the polycarboxylic acid, so that the water retention performance of the water-retaining agent is effectively improved, and cracks generated by self-drying shrinkage of concrete are reduced.
After the cellulose ether is dissolved in water, the surface activity ensures that the cementing materials such as cement and the like are effectively and uniformly distributed in the system, and the cellulose ether is used as a protective colloid to wrap solid particles and form a layer of lubricating film on the outer surface of the solid particles, so that the mortar system is more stable, and the fluidity of the mortar in the stirring process and the smoothness of construction are improved. Meanwhile, the cellulose ether has a good water retention effect, and can keep better viscosity of cement mortar and guarantee the bonding strength among aggregates while improving the water content in the concrete under the synergistic effect of the cellulose ether and the polycarboxylic acid. In addition, the redispersible latex powder has a certain water reducing effect, and can form a water surface on the surfaces of aggregates and cement particles, reduce the friction among the particles and improve the fluidity of the modified cement. Meanwhile, the redispersible latex powder has a certain thickening effect, and is cooperated with cellulose ether to further improve the bonding strength among concrete aggregates, and make up for the problem of poor bonding property among the aggregates caused by water absorption of the inorganic water-absorbing material and the polycarboxylic acid, so that the compressive strength of the concrete is ensured. Therefore, thereby exert effect jointly between each raw materials in this application and can effectively improve the inside water retention ability of concrete, reduce the crack that produces from the drying shrinkage, simultaneously, still can guarantee the compressive strength of concrete.
Preferably, the inorganic water-absorbing material is dechlorinated alkaline residues.
By adopting the technical scheme, the alkaline residue is waste residue generated in the production of soda by an ammonia-soda process, the inside of the alkaline residue is porous and has a developed pore structure, and the water retention property of concrete can be improved when the alkaline residue is added into the concrete. Meanwhile, most chloride ions in the alkali residue are removed by the dechlorination alkali residue, so that the dechlorination alkali residue improves the water retention performance of the concrete and reduces the corrosion of the chloride ions to the concrete reinforcing steel bars.
Preferably, the preparation method of the dechlorination caustic sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing caustic sludge, a surfactant and water in a weight ratio of (80-100) to (10): (400-450) and stirring to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) and carrying out filter pressing and drying on the mixed slurry to obtain the dechlorinated alkali residues.
By adopting the technical scheme, the surfactant is added when the chloride ions in the alkaline residue are removed, and the agglomerated structure in the alkaline residue can be broken, so that the accumulation phenomenon of the alkaline residue is reduced, more chloride ions are dissolved into water, the dissolution rate of the chloride ions is improved, the water consumption is saved, and the removal rate of the chloride ions is obviously improved.
Preferably, the mixed pulp in the step (1) further comprises an ionic cosolvent, the dosage of the ionic cosolvent is 5-6% of the weight of the caustic sludge, and the ionic cosolvent comprises sodium carbonate and triethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1 (6-8).
By adopting the technical scheme, the ion dissolution promoter is added into the mixed pulp, so that the dissolution rate of chloride ions in water can be further improved, and the removal rate of the chloride ions is further improved.
Preferably, the content of soluble chloride ions in the dechlorinated alkaline residues obtained in the step (2) is less than or equal to 0.2 wt%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the content of chloride ions in the chlorine-removal alkaline residues is reduced to be below 0.2wt%, the corrosion of the chloride ions to the steel bars in the concrete can be effectively reduced, and the damage to the steel bars can be reduced when the water absorption of the chlorine-removal alkaline residues is ensured.
Preferably, the raw material further comprises 2-4 parts of graphene oxide modified bentonite, and the modification method comprises the following steps:
1) mixing graphene oxide and an ethanol aqueous solution according to the weight ratio of 1 (200) -250), and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a suspension;
2) adjusting the pH value of the suspension to 5.3-5.8, adding a silane coupling agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the weight ratio of the silane coupling agent to the graphene oxide is (5-6): 1;
3) adding bentonite into the mixed solution, heating for 30-40min, filtering and drying to obtain graphene oxide modified bentonite, wherein the weight ratio of the bentonite to the graphene oxide is (100-: 1.
by adopting the technical scheme, the bentonite has good water absorption, can further improve the water retention performance of concrete by matching with the inorganic water retention agent and the polycarboxylic acid, and prevents shrinkage cracks caused by too fast water loss. In addition, the stripping of the montmorillonite with a layered structure in the bentonite can fill pores in the cement hydration process, so that the compactness of the concrete is increased; meanwhile, the montmorillonite can participate in cement hydration reaction and is tightly combined with hydration products to form a more compact structure, so that the strength of the concrete is increased. The bentonite modified by the graphene oxide enables the graphene oxide to be uniformly dispersed, the mechanical property and the chlorine ion permeability resistance of concrete are improved, the influence of chlorine ions introduced by the dechlorination alkaline residues on the concrete can be compensated, and the concrete is guaranteed to have better compressive strength.
Preferably, the raw material also comprises 2-5 parts of alumina whiskers.
By adopting the technical scheme, the crystal whisker is micro-nano short fiber formed by high-purity single crystal growth, and the aluminum oxide crystal whisker has excellent performances of light weight, high strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, good mechanical strength, electrical insulation and the like, can block capillary channels in concrete, reduces cracks in the concrete, greatly improves the crack resistance and compressive strength of the concrete, and greatly improves the integral structural performance of the concrete.
Preferably, the dispersible latex powder is one or two of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer rubber powder or styrene-acrylate copolymer rubber powder; the silane coupling agent adopts one or more of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane and gamma- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a concrete water-retaining agent, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a concrete water-retaining agent comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the water-retaining agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the process for preparing the water-retaining agent is simple to operate, the components can be quickly and uniformly mixed and fully mixed, so that the raw materials can fully exert the synergistic effect, and the whole quality can be guaranteed.
In a third aspect, a concrete containing the water-retaining agent.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. in the formula of the water-retaining agent, the inorganic water-retaining agent and the polycarboxylic acid are cooperatively used, so that the water-retaining property of concrete is effectively improved, the water required by the hydration reaction of the concrete is ensured, and the cracking phenomenon caused by self-drying shrinkage of the concrete is reduced; meanwhile, the tea saponin, the cellulose ether and the redispersible latex powder are matched with the inorganic water-retaining agent and the polycarboxylic acid, so that the water-retaining property of the concrete is improved, the fluidity of the concrete is ensured, the viscosity between aggregates is improved, the bonding property among the aggregates is improved, and the compressive strength of the concrete is improved. Consequently, adopt specific raw materials and ratio in this application for cooperation, the combined action effectively improves the water retention ability of concrete between each raw materials, provides sufficient moisture for cement hydration reaction, reduces the fracture phenomenon that concrete self-drying shrink caused, and can improve concrete compressive strength.
2. The water absorption of the water-retaining agent can be improved by adding the dechlorination alkali slag, so that the water-retaining property of the concrete is improved; in addition, the alkali residues are subjected to dechlorination operation by adding the surfactant and the ion cosolvent, so that the content of chloride ions in the alkali residues is greatly reduced, the corrosion of the chloride ions to reinforcing steel bars in concrete is reduced, and meanwhile, the dechlorination alkali residues and the graphene oxide modified bentonite are cooperatively matched, so that the permeability of the chloride ions is reduced, and the corrosion of the chloride ions in the dechlorination alkali residues to the reinforcing steel bars is reduced.
3. The alumina whisker has good mechanical strength, can block capillary channels in concrete, reduce cracks in the concrete, improve the crack resistance and the compressive strength of the concrete, and simultaneously improve the chloride ion permeation resistance.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples and comparative examples.
The following preparations and examples:
tea saponin was purchased from feihuang chemical company, ny, n.yi;
hydroxyethyl cellulose was purchased from Ji south east China chemical Co., Ltd, and had a viscosity specification of 10 ten thousand;
hydroxypropyl cellulose was purchased from Ji south east China chemical Co., Ltd, with a viscosity specification of 10 ten thousand;
the alkali residue is alkali residue from alkali factory in south of Guangdong, and the content of soluble chloride ion is 8.51%;
graphene oxide was purchased from lake Nanfeng En New Material science and technology, Inc. under CAS number 7782-42-5.
Preparation example 1
The preparation method of the dechlorination alkali slag comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing 80g of alkaline residue, 10g of sodium citrate and 450g of water, and ultrasonically stirring for 30min to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) and (3) carrying out pressure filtration on the mixed slurry for 25min by adopting a pressure filter with the pressure of 0.4MPa to obtain a filter cake, drying the filter cake to constant weight to obtain the dechlorinated alkaline residue, wherein the concentration of soluble chloride ions in the dechlorinated alkaline residue is 0.2 wt%.
Preparation example 2
The preparation method of the dechlorination alkali slag comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing 90g of alkaline residue, 10g of sodium tripolyphosphate and 400g of water, and ultrasonically stirring for 30min to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) and (3) carrying out pressure filtration on the mixed slurry for 25min by adopting a pressure filter with the pressure of 0.4MPa to obtain a filter cake, drying the filter cake to constant weight to obtain the dechlorinated alkaline residue, wherein the concentration of soluble chloride ions in the dechlorinated alkaline residue is 0.19 wt%.
Preparation example 3
The preparation method of the dechlorination alkali slag comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing 100g of alkaline residue, 10g of sodium ethylene diamine tetramethylenephosphonate and 430g of water, and ultrasonically stirring for 30min to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) and (3) carrying out pressure filtration on the mixed slurry for 25min by adopting a pressure filter with the pressure of 0.4MPa to obtain a filter cake, drying the filter cake to constant weight to obtain the dechlorinated alkaline residue, wherein the concentration of soluble chloride ions in the dechlorinated alkaline residue is 0.18 wt%.
Preparation example 4
The difference between the preparation method of the alkali slag for removing chlorine and the preparation example 2 is that the step (1) also comprises 4g of ionic cosolvent, the ionic cosolvent comprises sodium carbonate and triethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1:6, and the concentration of soluble chloride ions of the alkali slag for removing chlorine is 0.14 wt%.
Preparation example 5
The difference between the preparation method of the chlor-alkali residue and the preparation example 2 is that the step (1) also comprises 5.4g of ionic cosolvent, wherein the ionic cosolvent comprises sodium carbonate and triethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1:8, and the concentration of soluble chloride ions in the chlor-alkali residue is 0.15 wt%.
Preparation example 6
The difference between the preparation method of the alkali slag for removing chlorine and the preparation example 2 is that the step (1) also comprises 4g of ionic cosolvent, the ionic cosolvent comprises sodium carbonate and triethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1:7, and the concentration of soluble chloride ions of the alkali slag for removing chlorine is 0.17 wt%.
Preparation example 7
The preparation method of the graphene oxide modified bentonite comprises the following steps:
1) mixing 1g of graphene oxide with 200g of ethanol water solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15min to obtain a suspension, wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 1: 5;
2) adjusting the pH value of the suspension to 5.3 by adopting acetic acid, adding 6g of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane into the suspension, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
3) adding 200g of bentonite into the mixed solution obtained in the step 2), heating at 50 ℃ for 30min, filtering, and drying to constant weight to obtain graphene oxide modified bentonite.
Preparation example 8
The preparation method of the graphene oxide modified bentonite comprises the following steps:
1) mixing 1g of graphene oxide with 250g of ethanol water solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15min to obtain a suspension, wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 1: 5;
2) adjusting the pH value of the suspension to 5.5 by adopting acetic acid, adding 5.5g of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane into the suspension, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
3) adding 100g of bentonite into the mixed solution obtained in the step 2), heating at 50 ℃ for 35min, filtering, and drying to constant weight to obtain graphene oxide modified bentonite.
Preparation example 9
The preparation method of the graphene oxide modified bentonite comprises the following steps:
1) mixing 1g of graphene oxide with 230g of ethanol aqueous solution, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15min to obtain a suspension, wherein the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 1: 5;
2) adjusting the pH value of the suspension to 5.8 by adopting acetic acid, adding 5g of gamma- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxy silane into the suspension, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
3) adding 150g of bentonite into the mixed solution obtained in the step 2), heating at 50 ℃ for 40min, filtering, and drying to constant weight to obtain graphene oxide modified bentonite.
Example 1
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is prepared by the following steps: 20g of polyacrylic acid, 6g of tea saponin, 10g of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, 14g of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer rubber powder and 30g of dechlorinated alkali residues prepared in preparation example 1 are sequentially added into a mixer, and are mixed and stirred for 30min to obtain the water-retaining agent.
Example 2
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is prepared by the following steps: 25g of polymethacrylic acid, 4g of tea saponin, 15g of hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, 10g of styrene-acrylate copolymerized rubber powder and 35g of dechlorinated alkali residues prepared in the preparation example 2 are sequentially added into a stirrer, and are mixed and stirred for 30min to obtain the water-retaining agent.
Example 3
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is prepared by the following steps: 30g of polymethacrylic acid, 2g of tea saponin, 20g of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, 5g of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymerized rubber powder and 40g of dechlorinated alkali residues prepared in preparation example 3 are sequentially added into a stirrer, and are mixed and stirred for 30min to obtain the water-retaining agent.
Example 4
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is different from the concrete water-retaining agent prepared in example 2 in that the dechlorination alkali residue prepared in preparation example 4 is used.
Example 5
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is different from the concrete water-retaining agent prepared in example 2 in that the dechlorination alkali residue prepared in preparation example 5 is used.
Example 6
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is different from the concrete water-retaining agent prepared in example 2 in that the dechlorination alkali slag prepared in preparation example 6 is used.
Example 7
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is different from example 2 in that it further comprises 2g of graphene oxide-modified bentonite prepared in preparation example 7.
Example 8
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is different from example 2 in that 3g of the graphene oxide-modified bentonite prepared in preparation example 8 is further included.
Example 9
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is different from example 2 in that it further comprises 4g of graphene oxide-modified bentonite prepared in preparation example 9.
Example 10
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is different from example 8 in that the graphene oxide modified bentonite prepared in preparation example 8 is replaced by a mixture of graphene oxide and bentonite in an equivalent weight ratio of 1: 100.
Example 11
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is different from the concrete water-retaining agent prepared in example 2 in that the concrete water-retaining agent further comprises 2g of alumina whiskers.
Example 12
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is different from the concrete water-retaining agent prepared in example 2 in that the concrete water-retaining agent further comprises 3.5g of alumina whiskers.
Example 13
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is different from the concrete water-retaining agent prepared in example 2 in that the concrete water-retaining agent further comprises 5g of alumina whiskers.
Comparative example 1
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is different from the concrete water-retaining agent prepared in the embodiment 2 in that the raw materials comprise 15g of polymethacrylic acid, 7g of tea saponin, 8g of hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, 17g of styrene-acrylate copolymerized rubber powder and 20g of dechlorination alkali residue prepared in the preparation example 2.
Comparative example 2
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is different from the concrete water-retaining agent prepared in the embodiment 2 in that the raw materials comprise 35g of polymethacrylic acid, 1g of tea saponin, 25g of hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, 3g of styrene-acrylate copolymerized rubber powder and 50g of dechlorination alkali residue prepared in the preparation example 2.
Comparative example 3
A concrete water-retaining agent prepared by the following method is different from the concrete water-retaining agent prepared in example 2 in that tea saponin is not contained in the raw materials.
Performance detection
The water-retaining agents prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were mixed with cement, fly ash, mineral powder, natural sand, crushed stone, water, and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent to prepare concrete, and the performance of the concrete was measured by the following method, and the test results are shown in table 1; wherein the weight ratio of the cement to the fly ash to the mineral powder to the natural sand to the crushed stone to the water to the polycarboxylate superplasticizer to the water retention agent is 30:30:10:300:300:60:1.5: 0.5.
Firstly, early crack resistance is realized, wherein a standard test block is manufactured according to GB/T50081-2016 standard of common concrete mechanical property test method, and the number of cracks in unit area and the total crack area in unit area are measured after concrete is poured for 24 hours.
② the anti-chlorine ion permeability: according to a test method of chloride ion permeability resistance in GB/T50082-2009 Standard test method for long-term performance and durability of ordinary concrete.
③ self-shrinkage percentage: preparing the concrete into a test piece with the size of 100mm multiplied by 515mm, curing the test piece in a standard curing chamber, taking out the test piece after curing for 3 days, and immediately moving the test piece into a curing chamber with the temperature of (20 +/-2) DEG C and the relative humidity of 60 +/-5 percent to measure the initial length X1. Measuring the length X of the test piece 24h after the test piece is removed from the standard curing chamber2. The self-shrinkage of concrete is calculated as follows: s ═ X1-X2) L is 100 percent, and L is the length of the concrete sample 515 mm.
And fourthly, the compressive strength, namely manufacturing a standard test block according to GB/T50081-2016 standard of the test method for the mechanical properties of the common concrete, and measuring the compressive strength of the standard test block after being maintained for 7 days.
TABLE 1 concrete Performance test results
By combining examples 1-13 and comparative examples 1-3, and by combining table 1, it can be seen that the early crack resistance and the self-shrinkage rate in examples 1-13 are superior to those in comparative examples 1-3, which shows that the mutual relationship between the raw materials of the water-retaining agent formulation of the present application is scientific and reasonable, and the raw materials cooperate with each other to act together, thereby improving the water-retaining property of concrete, reducing the self-shrinkage phenomenon of concrete, and simultaneously reducing the cracking phenomenon of concrete caused by shrinkage. In addition, the compressive strength of the concrete in the examples 1 to 13 is superior to that of the concrete in the comparative examples 1 to 3, and the fact that the tea saponin, the cellulose ether and the redispersible latex powder are added to be matched with the inorganic water-retaining agent and the polycarboxylic acid can ensure the fluidity of the concrete and improve the viscosity among aggregates while improving the water retention property of the concrete, thereby increasing the bonding property among the aggregates and improving the compressive strength of the concrete.
The combination of examples 4-6 and example 2 and the combination of Table 1 shows that the anti-chloride ion performance of examples 4-6 is better than that of example 2, which shows that the ionic cosolvent can increase the solubility of chloride ions, thereby reducing the content of chloride ions in the dechlorinated alkaline residues and reducing the damage of chloride ions to concrete.
By combining examples 7-9 and example 2 and table 1, it can be seen that the performances of examples 7-9 are better than those of example 2, which shows that the synergistic cooperation of the chlor-alkali residue and the graphene oxide modified bentonite can not only reduce the permeability of chloride ions and reduce the corrosion of chloride ions in the chlor-alkali residue on steel bars, but also increase the compressive strength and crack resistance of concrete.
By combining examples 11-13 with example 2 and table 1, it can be seen that the addition of the alumina whiskers can significantly improve the compressive strength of the concrete, and at the same time, the alumina whiskers can block capillary channels in the concrete, reduce cracks in the concrete, and improve the crack resistance and chloride ion permeation resistance of the concrete.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A concrete water-retaining agent is characterized in that: comprises 20-30 parts of polycarboxylic acid, 2-6 parts of tea saponin, 10-20 parts of cellulose ether, 5-14 parts of dispersible latex powder and 30-40 parts of inorganic water-absorbing material.
2. The concrete water-retaining agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inorganic water absorption material adopts dechlorination alkali residue.
3. The concrete water-retaining agent according to claim 2, characterized in that: the preparation method of the dechlorination alkali slag comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing caustic sludge, a surfactant and water in a weight ratio of (80-100) to (10): (400-450) and stirring to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) and carrying out filter pressing and drying on the mixed slurry to obtain the dechlorinated alkali residues.
4. A concrete water-retaining agent according to claim 3, characterized in that: the mixed pulp obtained in the step (1) also comprises an ionic cosolvent, the dosage of the ionic cosolvent is 5-6% of the weight of the caustic sludge, and the ionic cosolvent comprises sodium carbonate and triethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1 (6-8).
5. The concrete water-retaining agent according to claim 4, characterized in that: the content of soluble chloride ions in the dechlorinated alkaline residues obtained in the step (2) is less than or equal to 0.2 wt%.
6. The concrete water-retaining agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: the raw materials also comprise 2-4 parts of graphene oxide modified bentonite, and the modification method comprises the following steps:
1) mixing graphene oxide and an ethanol aqueous solution according to the weight ratio of 1 (200) -250), and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a suspension;
2) adjusting the pH value of the suspension to 5.3-5.8, adding a silane coupling agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the weight ratio of the silane coupling agent to the graphene oxide is (5-6): 1;
3) adding bentonite into the mixed solution, heating for 30-40min, filtering and drying to obtain graphene oxide modified bentonite, wherein the weight ratio of the bentonite to the graphene oxide is (100-: 1.
7. the concrete water-retaining agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the raw material also comprises 2-5 parts of alumina whisker.
8. The concrete water-retaining agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dispersible latex powder adopts one or two of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer rubber powder or styrene-acrylate copolymer rubber powder; the silane coupling agent adopts one or more of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane and gamma- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane.
9. A method for preparing the concrete water-retaining agent of any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized in that: and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain the water-retaining agent.
10. A concrete comprising the water-retaining agent according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110519198.4A CN113060970A (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2021-05-12 | Concrete water-retaining agent, preparation method thereof and concrete using concrete water-retaining agent |
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| CN113603425A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-05 | 山东百纳混凝土有限公司 | Wet-mixed mortar and preparation method and application thereof |
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