CN113059241A

CN113059241A - Flexible tapping device and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113059241A
Application number: CN202010003221.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张世军; 王广新; 徐楠; 赵莉; 王洪星; 高知攀
Original assignee: CNNC Tianjin Technology Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: CNNC Tianjin Technology Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-02
Filing date: 2020-01-02
Publication date: 2021-07-02

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible tapping device, which comprises a shaft sleeve, a bottom plate and a sliding shaft, wherein openings at two ends of the shaft sleeve are of a sleeve structure; the sliding shaft is of a stepped shaft structure and comprises a conical surface end and a large-diameter end, and a spring is arranged between the large-diameter end and the bottom plate in a pressing mode; through the spring that sliding shaft and axle sleeve compressed tightly, utilize the elastic shrinkage of spring, rotation and the difference between the feed relation and the screw tap screw thread that the automatic compensation tapping in-process machinery given solve the indiscriminate tooth of tapping, the poor problem of surface effect, improve tapping quality.

Description

Flexible tapping device and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of lathe machining, in particular to a flexible tapping device and a using method thereof.

Background

Tapping is to screw a tap into a workpiece to be drilled with a certain torque to form an internal thread, which is similar to screwing in during thread matching, i.e. there is a rotation and screwing in process between the tap and the workpiece. In the tapping process, the fixed relation between the rotation of the screw tap and the feeding amount is determined by machinery, and if certain difference exists between the fixed relation and the screw thread of the screw tap, the problems of tooth disorder, poor surface effect and the like are easy to occur, and the tapping processing is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects that the teeth are disordered and the surface effect is poor in the rigid tapping process in the prior art, and provides a flexible tapping device which is suitable for a common tap chuck, automatically compensates the difference between the rotation and feeding relation given by a machine and the thread of a tap in the tapping process through the elastic contraction of a built-in spring, and improves the tapping quality.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of using the flexible tapping unit.

The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:

a flexible tapping device comprises a shaft sleeve with openings at two ends in a sleeve structure, a bottom plate assembled on the opening at one end of the shaft sleeve, and a sliding shaft which is nested in the shaft sleeve in a sliding manner through a sliding mechanism;

the sliding shaft is of a stepped shaft structure and comprises a conical surface end matched with a chuck for assembling a screw tap clamp and a large-diameter end inserted into the shaft sleeve and sliding in the shaft sleeve, and the conical surface end and the large-diameter end are integrally connected; a spring is pressed between the large-diameter end and the bottom plate;

the shaft sleeve is connected with a tool turret of a tapping machine tool.

In the above technical scheme, slide mechanism is including seting up screw hole on the big footpath end tip side, seting up keyway and one end on the axle sleeve lateral wall are passed keyway and other end threaded connection are in the downthehole jackscrew of screw thread, the keyway be with axle sleeve axial direction parallel's rectangular groove, form the confession in the keyway the gliding space of jackscrew.

In the technical scheme, a first platform extending along the axial direction is formed on the side surface of the large-diameter end, and the threaded hole is formed in the first platform; the outer side wall surface of the shaft sleeve is provided with a second platform extending along the axial direction, and the key groove is formed in the second platform.

In the above technical solution, a first protrusion is formed at an end of the large diameter end, a second protrusion is formed at an inner side of the bottom plate, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are both cylindrical protrusions, an outer diameter of the first protrusion is smaller than an inner diameter of the spring, and two ends of the spring are respectively nested on the first protrusion and the second protrusion.

In the above technical scheme, the spring is a class I cylindrical helical spring.

In the technical scheme, the inner wall of the bottom end of the shaft sleeve is provided with an internal thread, the side wall of the bottom plate is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread, and the bottom plate is in threaded connection with the shaft sleeve and is positioned in the shaft sleeve.

In the technical scheme, the outer side of the bottom plate is provided with a handle for disassembly, and two opposite side surfaces of the handle are planes.

In the technical scheme, the sliding fit clearance between the large-diameter end and the shaft sleeve is less than 0.02 mm.

In the above technical solution, an end of the shaft sleeve is provided with an annular flange.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using the flexible tapping device, comprising the steps of:

step 1: connecting the bottom plate with the bottom end of the shaft sleeve;

step 2: a spring is arranged in an inner cavity of the sleeve, and the bottom end of the spring is connected with the bottom plate to ensure that the spring is vertically arranged;

and step 3: pressing the large-diameter end into the sleeve while connecting the spring to the large-diameter end, so that the spring is vertically compressed;

and 4, step 4: a sliding mechanism is installed to enable the sliding shaft to slide in the sliding range of the shaft sleeve;

and 5: and (3) a screw tap is arranged in the chuck, the conical surface end and the conical surface of the chuck are matched and clamped, and the bottom end of the shaft sleeve is arranged in a tool turret of a machine tool for tapping.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention provides a flexible tapping device suitable for a common tap chuck, which automatically compensates the difference between the rotation and feeding relation given by machinery and the screw tap thread in the tapping process by a spring pressed by a sliding shaft and a shaft sleeve and by the elastic contraction of the spring, solves the problems of disordered teeth and poor surface effect of tapping and improves the tapping quality.

2. The flexible tapping device provided by the invention has the advantages that the sliding shaft is in sliding connection with the shaft sleeve through the sliding mechanism, and the sliding fit clearance between the large-diameter end of the sliding shaft and the shaft sleeve is less than 0.02mm, so that the sliding shaft can axially and smoothly slide in the shaft sleeve, and the automatic compensation function of the flexible tapping device is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the flexible tapping unit.

Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the flexible tapping unit.

Fig. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the flexible tapping unit.

In the figure: 1-sliding shaft, 1-1-conical end, 1-2-large-diameter end, 1-3-threaded hole, 1-4-first protrusion, 1-5-first platform, 2-shaft sleeve, 2-1-key groove, 2-2-second platform, 2-3-annular flange, 3-spring, 4-bottom plate, 4-1-second protrusion, 4-2-external thread, 4-3-handle and 5-jackscrew.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

A flexible tapping device, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising a sliding shaft 1, a shaft sleeve 2, a bottom plate 4 and a sliding mechanism for controlling the sliding range of the sliding shaft 1 in the shaft sleeve 2, wherein,

the sliding shaft 1 is of a stepped shaft structure and comprises a conical surface end 1-1 used for being clamped with a chuck and a large-diameter end 1-2 used for being inserted into the shaft sleeve 2 and sliding in the shaft sleeve 2, the taper of the conical surface end 1-1 is the same as that of the chuck so as to be clamped in a matched mode, and the conical surface end 1-1 and the large-diameter end 1-2 are integrally connected;

the shaft sleeve 2 is of a sleeve structure with openings at two ends, one end of the shaft sleeve is provided with an opening for the sliding shaft 1 to be inserted and connected in a sliding mode, the other end of the shaft sleeve is detachably connected with the bottom plate 4, and a compressed spring 3 is arranged between the sliding shaft 1 and the bottom plate 4. The shaft sleeve 2 is connected with a tool turret of a tapping machine tool.

Compress spring 3 in axle sleeve 2, can be through spring 3's elastic contraction, rotation that automatic compensation tapping in-process machinery given and the difference between the screw thread of screw tap with the feed relation to solve the indiscriminate tooth of tapping, the surperficial effect subalternation problem, improve tapping quality.

The use method of the flexible tapping device (vertical in use, with the end where the bottom plate 4 is located as the bottom end and the end where the sliding shaft 1 is located as the top end) comprises the following steps:

step 1: connecting the bottom plate 4 with the bottom end of the shaft sleeve 2;

step 2: a spring 3 is arranged in an inner cavity of the sleeve 2 from an opening at the top of the sleeve 2, and the bottom end of the spring 3 is connected with the bottom plate 4 to ensure that the spring 3 is vertically arranged;

and step 3: pressing the large-diameter end 1-2 of the sliding shaft 1 into the sleeve 2, and simultaneously connecting the spring 3 with the large-diameter end 1-2, so that the spring 3 is vertically compressed;

and 4, step 4: installing a limiting assembly to enable the sliding shaft 1 to slide in the sliding range of the shaft sleeve 2;

specifically, the sliding shaft 1 compresses the spring 3 until a threaded hole 1-3 on the sliding shaft 1 is superposed with a key groove 2-1 on the shaft sleeve 2, and a jackscrew 5 is installed;

and 5: and (2) a screw tap is arranged in a chuck, a conical surface end 1-1 is matched and clamped with the conical surface of the chuck, and the bottom end of the shaft sleeve 2 is arranged in a tool turret of a machine tool to finish the tapping process.

Example 2

This embodiment is described based on embodiment 1, in which the sliding shaft and the sleeve are engaged with each other.

Specifically, the sliding mechanism comprises a threaded hole 1-3 formed in the side face of the bottom end of the large-diameter end 1-2, a key groove 2-1 formed in the side wall of the shaft sleeve 2, and a jackscrew 5 with the top end penetrating through the key groove 2-1 and the bottom end fixed in the threaded hole 1-3, the key groove 2-1 is a long-strip groove axially parallel to the shaft sleeve 2, and a space for the jackscrew 5 to slide is formed in the key groove 2-1. The jackscrew 5 is a bolt with a straight top. One end of the jackscrew 5 is fixed with the large-diameter end 1-2, and the other end slides in the key groove 2-1, so that the sliding shaft 1 is limited to axially slide in the key groove 2-1.

Preferably, a first platform 1-5 extending along the axial direction is formed on the side surface of the large-diameter end 1-2, and the threaded hole 1-3 is formed in the first platform 1-5; and a second platform 2-2 extending along the axial direction is formed on the outer side wall surface of the shaft sleeve 2, and the key groove 2-1 is formed on the second platform 2-2.

The arrangement of the first platform 1-5 and the second platform 2-2 facilitates the arrangement of the threaded hole 1-3 and the key slot 2-1. In addition, the shaft sleeve 2 is inserted into a corresponding cylinder on a tool turret of a tapping machine tool and is tightly connected by the fastening jackscrew, and the second platform 2-2 increases the contact area of the fastening jackscrew and the shaft sleeve 2, so that the connection is more tight.

Specifically, the bottom surface of the large-diameter end 1-2 is provided with a first bulge 1-4, the inner side of the bottom plate 4 is provided with a second bulge 4-1, the first bulge 1-4 and the second bulge 4-1 are both cylindrical bulges, the outer diameter of the first bulge 1-4 and the second bulge 4-1 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the spring 3, and two ends of the spring 3 are respectively nested on the first bulge 1-4 and the second bulge 4-1. The two ends of the spring 3 are respectively nested on the two cylindrical bulges, so that the spring is convenient to mount and dismount and is convenient to position.

As a preferred mode, because the tapping process is constantly stressed and frequently used, the used spring 3 is required to be a class I cylindrical spiral spring, in the embodiment, the diameter of the spring steel wire is required to be 1.6mm, the middle diameter of the spring is required to be 16mm, and the free height is 45 mm.

Preferably, the sliding fit clearance between the large-diameter end 1-2 and the shaft sleeve 2 is less than 0.02mm, so that the sliding shaft can axially and smoothly slide in the shaft sleeve.

Preferably, the top end of the shaft sleeve 2 is provided with an annular flange 2-3, and the annular flange 2-3 plays a limiting role when the shaft sleeve 2 is inserted into a corresponding cylinder on a cutter tower of a tapping machine tool, so that the installation of the cutter tower with the machine tool is facilitated.

Example 3

This embodiment is based on embodiments 1 and 2 and describes the connection between the shaft sleeve and the base plate.

Specifically, an internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom end of the shaft sleeve 2, an external thread 4-2 matched with the internal thread is arranged on the side wall of the bottom plate 4, and the bottom plate 4 is in threaded connection with the shaft sleeve 2 and is located in the shaft sleeve 2.

The outer side of the bottom plate 4 is provided with a handle 4-3 for disassembly, and the handle 4-3 is a protrusion with two planar sides, so that the disassembly by matching with a wrench is convenient.

Spatially relative terms, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like, may be used in the embodiments for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatial terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" can encompass both an upper and a lower orientation. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one element from another element having the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such elements.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The flexible tapping device is characterized by comprising a shaft sleeve (2) with two openings at two ends in a sleeve structure, a bottom plate (4) assembled on the opening at one end of the shaft sleeve (2), and a sliding shaft (1) which is nested in the shaft sleeve (2) in a sliding manner through a sliding mechanism;

the sliding shaft (1) is of a stepped shaft structure and comprises a conical surface end (1-1) matched with a chuck to assemble a screw tap and a large-diameter end (1-2) inserted into the shaft sleeve (2) and sliding in the shaft sleeve (2), and the conical surface end (1-1) and the large-diameter end (1-2) are integrally connected; a spring (3) is pressed between the large-diameter end (1-2) and the bottom plate (4);

the shaft sleeve (2) is connected with a tool turret of a tapping machine tool.

2. The flexible tapping device according to claim 1, wherein the sliding mechanism comprises a threaded hole (1-3) opened in a radial direction of the large diameter end (1-2), a key groove (2-1) opened in a side wall of the sleeve (2), and a jackscrew (5) having one end penetrating through the key groove (2-1) and the other end screwed into the threaded hole (1-3), the key groove (2-1) is a long groove axially parallel to the sleeve (2), and a space for the jackscrew (5) to slide is formed in the key groove (2-1).

3. The flexible tapping device according to claim 2 wherein the large diameter end (1-2) is formed on its side with a first platform (1-5) extending in the axial direction, the threaded hole (1-3) being opened in the first platform (1-5); and a second platform (2-2) extending along the axial direction is formed on the outer side wall surface of the shaft sleeve (2), and the key groove (2-1) is formed in the second platform (2-2).

4. The flexible tapping device according to claim 1, wherein the end of the large diameter end (1-2) is formed with a first protrusion (1-4), the inner side of the bottom plate (4) is formed with a second protrusion (4-1), the first protrusion (1-4) and the second protrusion (4-1) are oppositely arranged and are cylindrical protrusions, the outer diameter of each cylindrical protrusion is smaller than the inner diameter of the spring (3), and two ends of the spring (3) are respectively nested on the first protrusion (1-4) and the second protrusion (4-1).

5. Flexible tapping device according to claim 4 wherein the spring (3) is a class I cylindrical helical spring.

6. The flexible tapping device according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the bottom end of the shaft sleeve (2) is provided with an internal thread, the side wall of the bottom plate (4) is provided with an external thread (4-2) matched with the internal thread, and the bottom plate (4) is in threaded connection with the shaft sleeve (2) and is positioned in the shaft sleeve (2).

7. Flexible tapping device according to claim 6 wherein the base plate (4) is provided with a detachable handle (4-3) on the outside, said handle (4-3) being planar on opposite sides.

8. The flexible tapping device according to claim 1 wherein the clearance of the snug fit of the large diameter end (1-2) with the sleeve (2) is less than 0.02 mm.

9. Flexible tapping device according to claim 1 wherein the end of the sleeve (2) is provided with an annular flange (2-3).

10. The method of using the flexible tapping unit of any one of claims 1 to 9 including the steps of:

step 1: connecting the bottom plate (4) with the bottom end of the shaft sleeve (2);

step 2: a spring (3) is arranged in an inner cavity of the sleeve (2), and the bottom end of the spring (3) is connected with the bottom plate (4) to ensure that the spring (3) is vertically arranged;

and step 3: pressing the large diameter end (1-2) into the sleeve (2) while connecting the spring (3) with the large diameter end (1-2) such that the spring (3) is compressed vertically;

and 4, step 4: a sliding mechanism is installed, so that the sliding shaft (1) slides in the sliding range of the shaft sleeve (2);

and 5: and (2) a screw tap is arranged in a chuck, a conical surface end (1-1) and the conical surface of the chuck are matched and clamped, and the bottom end of the shaft sleeve (2) is arranged in a tool turret of a machine tool for tapping.