CN113058193A - Preparation method of fire prevention and extinguishing gel and coal mine fire prevention and extinguishing method - Google Patents
Preparation method of fire prevention and extinguishing gel and coal mine fire prevention and extinguishing method Download PDFInfo
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- PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-glucono-1,5-lactone Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000012209 glucono delta-lactone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229960003681 gluconolactone Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ZUGAOYSWHHGDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 5-hydroxy-2,8,9-trioxa-1-aluminabicyclo[3.3.2]decane-3,7,10-trione Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O ZUGAOYSWHHGDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0064—Gels; Film-forming compositions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine fire prevention and extinguishment, and discloses a preparation method of a fire prevention and extinguishment gel and a coal mine fire prevention and extinguishment method, wherein the fire prevention and extinguishment gel consists of 1-2% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 4-5% of a cross-linking agent, 4-5% of sodium bicarbonate, 4-5% of a water glass diluent, 0.1-0.3% of a pH regulator and water in percentage by mass. Dissolving carboxymethyl cellulose in distilled water, heating and fully stirring, then adding aluminum citrate into the solution, introducing nitrogen for protection, and reacting to obtain a first solution; raising the temperature, continuously adding gluconolactone into the first solution, continuously stirring and reacting to obtain a second solution; adding sodium bicarbonate into the second solution, stirring uniformly, adding a pH agent, and adjusting to obtain a third solution; and dissolving water glass in distilled water, mixing, dropwise adding the mixture into the third solution, and reacting to obtain a final product. The invention prolongs the storage time of coal and improves the safety production efficiency of coal mines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine fire prevention and extinguishment, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a fire prevention and extinguishment gel and a coal mine fire prevention and extinguishment method.
Background
At present, coal spontaneous combustion is one of the main threats to coal mine safety. The resulting fire can cause casualties and significant property loss, as well as serious environmental pollution. In recent years, the world's average annual coal production has reached about 75 hundred million tons. Gas and coal dust explosion caused by coal spontaneous combustion happens occasionally, direct economic loss caused by coal spontaneous combustion reaches billions of dollars every year, and indirect loss such as ecological environment degradation and atmospheric pollution is difficult to estimate. The existing fire prevention and extinguishing technologies for preventing coal spontaneous combustion include pressure grouting gel, grouting foam, inhibitor spraying and inert gas (CO)2、N2) And the like. These techniques play an important role in coal mining fire control, but have some drawbacks. For example, inert gases tend to diffuse out of the injection area due to leakage and tend to leave the injection area. Gels have low flow and a small range of permeability. Furthermore, three-phase foams do not cure easily and are stable only for 8-12 hours, while organic foams are expensive and have an exothermic reaction, thus increasing the risk of spontaneous combustion of the coal. In recent years, the fully mechanized caving mining technology and the gas drainage technology are widely adopted in China, so that the goaf has excessive residual coal and serious air leakage, and coal spontaneous combustion fire happens.Therefore, the development and utilization of new fire prevention and extinguishing technologies and materials is an urgent task.
Hydrogels are polymers with a three-dimensional network structure, composed of hydrophilic macromolecular compounds. They have significant advantages over pure water in binding water and cooling and sealing. Currently, hydrogels are widely used for forest and coal mine fire protection.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) after the existing fire prevention and extinguishing gel is used, the gel only plays a role in preventing and controlling open fire at that time, cannot continuously capture spontaneous combustion of coal generated in the processes of coal mining, storage, loading and unloading and transportation, and cannot achieve ideal effects.
(2) At present, the coal mine fire prevention and extinguishing gel does not adopt natural polymer materials.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: when the fire-fighting gel is prepared, the water glass solution is not easy to react with the fire-fighting gel, the adding amount of the carboxymethyl cellulose at the early stage in the reaction, the viscosity of the initial liquid, the stirring speed and the reaction temperature must be controlled, and the gelling speed and the strength of the fire-fighting gel are influenced. Therefore, the difficulty is to control the reaction conditions and select proper preparation process parameters to prepare the fire prevention and extinguishing gel with the best performance.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the preparation method of the fire prevention and extinguishing gel takes green and pollution-free materials and adopts chemical graft copolymerization and physical agglomeration technology as the preparation process, so that the material utilization rate can be improved to a certain extent. The organic-inorganic hybrid fire prevention and extinguishing gel has wide development prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a fire prevention and extinguishing gel and a coal mine fire prevention and extinguishing method.
The invention is realized by the following steps that the fire prevention and extinguishing gel consists of 1-2% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 4-5% of cross-linking agent, 4-5% of sodium bicarbonate, 4-5% of water glass diluted solution, 0.1-0.3% of pH regulator and water in percentage by mass, and the balance is water, and the balance is supplemented to 100%. The preparation method of the fireproof gel adopts a chemical graft copolymerization and physical agglomeration method, wherein an aluminum citrate solution, gluconolactone and a sodium bicarbonate solution are sequentially added into a carboxymethyl cellulose solution, fully stirred until the reaction is complete, and then a water glass solution is added, and after the reaction is complete, the fireproof gel with good fire extinguishing performance can be obtained after filtration and drying.
Further, the cross-linking agent is aluminum citrate, and the initiator is gluconolactone.
Further, the pH regulator is one or a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydroxide.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the fire prevention and extinguishing gel, which comprises the following steps:
dissolving carboxymethyl cellulose in distilled water, heating and fully stirring, adding aluminum citrate into the solution, introducing nitrogen for protection, and reacting to obtain a first solution;
step two, raising the temperature, continuously adding gluconolactone into the first solution, continuously stirring and reacting to obtain a second solution;
step three, adding sodium bicarbonate into the second solution, stirring uniformly, adding a pH agent, and adjusting to obtain a third solution;
and step four, dissolving water glass in distilled water, after mixing, dropwise adding the water glass into the third solution, and reacting to obtain a final product.
Further, the first step is carried out for 1h at 45 ℃ to obtain a first solution;
and in the second step, the temperature is increased to 60 ℃, the gluconolactone is continuously added into the first solution, and the mixture is continuously stirred and reacted for 1 hour to obtain a second solution.
Further, adding a pH agent in the third step, and adjusting to 4-5 to obtain a third solution.
Further, a pH adjusting agent was added to adjust the pH to 4.
And further, after mixing, dropwise adding the mixture into the third solution, and reacting for 1 h.
Further, in the fourth step, the reaction temperature was set at 40 ℃ and the reaction mixture was stirred at 600rmp for 3 hours to volatilize.
The pH, the temperature, the stirring speed, the time and the dosage which are set in the scheme are optimized and selected according to a single-factor test and are all optimal parameters; therefore, the prepared fireproof gel has the advantages of optimal shape, best shape and highest performance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a coal mine fire prevention method using the fire prevention gel.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the invention is suitable for the preparation method of the coal mine fire prevention and extinguishing gel, which takes carboxymethyl cellulose as a raw material, adds gluconolactone and aluminum citrate to form free radicals with groups such as C, -COOH, and-OH, and then generates a crosslinking reaction to further strengthen the space structure of the dust fixing agent through a crosslinking effect. Wherein, original-OH of the carboxymethyl cellulose has better water absorption and water retention, aluminum ions generated by the reaction can enhance the adhesion between the product and coal dust, and the added wetting agent and inorganic salt not only reduce the surface tension of water, but also can increase the wettability and the shell-forming hardness of the product. The prepared product can effectively permeate into coal particles to be well bonded with coal dust to form a compact cured layer, thereby greatly improving the fire prevention and extinguishing efficiency, avoiding dust emission and isolating oxygen, and the product has certain repeated use effect due to the complexity of the spatial structure of the product. In addition, the product has the biodegradability of carboxymethyl cellulose, has good environmental protection effect, and avoids secondary pollution.
The invention takes natural polymer organic material as a matrix, and prepares the aluminum citrate serving as a cross-linking agent by mixing and reacting citric acid and polyaluminium chloride; the prepared fire prevention and extinguishing gel prolongs the storage time of coal and improves the safety production efficiency of coal mines.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a fire prevention and extinguishing gel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an implementation of a method for preparing a fire prevention and extinguishing gel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a preparation mechanism diagram of fire prevention and extinguishing gel provided by an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the water retention properties of a gel provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the mechanical properties of the gel provided by the embodiment of the invention
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a fire prevention and extinguishing gel and a coal mine fire prevention and extinguishing method, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The fire prevention and extinguishing gel provided by the invention comprises 1-2% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 4-5% of cross-linking agent, 4-5% of sodium bicarbonate, 4-5% of water glass diluted solution, 0.1-0.3% of pH regulator and water by mass percentage, and the balance of water is supplemented to 100%.
The cross-linking agent is aluminum citrate, and the initiator is gluconolactone; the pH regulator is one or mixture of sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydroxide.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the fire prevention and extinguishing gel provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s101: dissolving carboxymethyl cellulose in distilled water, heating and fully stirring, then adding aluminum citrate into the solution, introducing nitrogen for protection, and reacting to obtain a first solution;
s102, raising the temperature to 60 ℃, continuously adding gluconolactone into the first solution, continuously stirring and reacting for 1h to obtain a second solution;
s103: adding sodium bicarbonate into the second solution, stirring uniformly, adding a pH agent, and adjusting to about 4-5 to obtain a third solution;
s104: and dissolving water glass in distilled water, after fully mixing, dropwise adding the water glass into the third solution, and reacting for 1h to obtain a final product.
According to the invention, the reaction is carried out for 1h at 45 ℃ to obtain a first solution. The reaction temperature was set at 40 ℃ and the volatile was stirred at 600rmp for 3 h. Adding pH agent, and setting pH of the solution to 4-5, wherein pH is 4 optimal.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
Weighing 3G of carboxymethyl cellulose, dissolving the carboxymethyl cellulose in 200ml of water at 85 ℃, fully and uniformly stirring and gelatinizing for 20min under the protection of nitrogen, adjusting the temperature to 65 ℃ after complete gelatinizing, adding 0.1G of gluconolactone into the solution, stirring for 30min at constant temperature, slowly adding 3G of aluminum citrate into a beaker, stirring for 30min at constant temperature, adding sodium bicarbonate, continuously heating and stirring for 1h to obtain a final product, adding a proper amount of NaOH, adjusting the pH value to 4 to obtain the high-temperature-resistant and high-water-absorptivity fire-preventing and extinguishing gel G1, and testing related performances.
Example 2
Weighing 2.5G of carboxymethyl cellulose, dissolving the carboxymethyl cellulose in 200ml of water at 85 ℃, fully and uniformly stirring and gelatinizing for 20min under the protection of nitrogen, adjusting the temperature to 65 ℃ after complete gelatinizing, adding 0.1G of gluconolactone into the solution, stirring for 30min at a constant temperature, slowly adding 3G of aluminum citrate into a beaker, stirring for 30min at a constant temperature, adding sodium bicarbonate, continuously heating and stirring for 1h to obtain a final product, adding a proper amount of NaOH, adjusting the pH value to 4 to obtain the high-temperature-resistant and high-water-absorptivity fire-preventing and extinguishing gel G2, and testing related performances.
Example 3
Weighing 2G of carboxymethyl cellulose, dissolving the carboxymethyl cellulose in 200ml of water at 85 ℃, fully and uniformly stirring and gelatinizing for 20min under the protection of nitrogen, adjusting the temperature to 65 ℃ after complete gelatinizing, adding 0.1G of gluconolactone into the solution, stirring for 30min at constant temperature, slowly adding 3G of aluminum citrate into a beaker, stirring for 30min at constant temperature, adding sodium bicarbonate, continuously heating and stirring for 1h to obtain a final product, adding a proper amount of NaOH, adjusting the pH value to 4 to obtain the high-temperature-resistant and high-water-absorptivity fire-preventing and extinguishing gel G3, and testing related performances.
The following properties were evaluated with reference to the fire resistant super absorbent fire control gels G1, G2, and G3 prepared in examples 1 to 3.
1. Surface tension and wettability
The surface tension and wettability of water and fire-retardant gels were evaluated using a fully automatic surface tensiometer model JK99c and a DSA100 contact angle analyzer. Table 1 is a table for evaluating the surface tension of water and a high temperature resistant and high water absorbing fire prevention and extinguishing gel, and it can be seen that the surface tension of water is very high and the contact angle is 78.6 °; the surface tension of the high-temperature-resistant and high-water-absorption fire prevention and extinguishing gel is below 20mN/m, and the contact angle is less than 30 degrees, which shows that the high-temperature-resistant and high-water-absorption fire prevention and extinguishing gel has good wettability, can well permeate into coal particles, inhibits oxygen from entering coal dust, and prevents coal from spontaneous combustion.
TABLE 1 evaluation table of surface tension of the present invention
2. Gel water retention of matrix with different concentrations at certain temperature
Under the high temperature condition, the fire-proof gel needs to be stacked outdoors and needs to be subjected to various conditions of high-temperature roasting, low-temperature freezing, wind blowing, rain showering and the like in the natural environment. The fire-retardant gel can be used under various conditions only if the properties in high-temperature and low-temperature environments are kept unchanged. The water retention rate of the matrixes with different concentrations at a certain temperature is explored. This experiment uses the drying cabinet analogue means to carry out the evaluation to the base member water retention under certain temperature of different concentrations.
3. Mechanical Properties of the gel
The mechanical property of the gel for preventing and controlling coal spontaneous combustion is tested by using an electronic universal tester, and compared with two different gels, the SA-Al gel is found under the action of 20Mpa force3+the/WG broke completely before the other two gels, while CMC-Al3+the/WG gel broke at the end of the other two gels, indicating that the fire protection gel herein has a higher toughness. As shown in fig. 5.
4. Environmental protection property
The development of materials is developed towards the direction of environmental protection, and secondary pollution to the environment is likely to be caused if the degradation of the developed fire-proof gel is not strong. Therefore, the degradation ability of the fire prevention gel was analyzed under natural conditions. The following table is an environmental protection evaluation table of the fire prevention and extinguishing gel, and can be obtained that the quality of the fire prevention and extinguishing gel is reduced by nearly one time after 60 days of degradation treatment under natural conditions, and the degradation rate reaches about 50 percent, which shows that the fire prevention and extinguishing gel has good degradability, is friendly to the surrounding environment, and has good ecological environmental protection performance
TABLE 2 evaluation of environmental protection of fire prevention and extinguishing gel of the present invention
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The fire prevention and extinguishing gel is characterized by comprising 1-2% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 4-5% of a cross-linking agent, 4-5% of sodium bicarbonate, 4-5% of a water glass diluted solution, 0.1-0.3% of a pH regulator and water in percentage by mass, and the balance of water, wherein the balance is water and is supplemented to 100%.
2. The fire fighting gel of claim 1 wherein said cross-linking agent is aluminum citrate and said initiator is gluconolactone.
3. The fire prevention and control gel of claim 1 wherein the pH adjusting agent is one or a mixture of sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydroxide.
4. A method for preparing the fire prevention and extinguishing gel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method for preparing the fire prevention and extinguishing gel comprises the following steps:
dissolving carboxymethyl cellulose in distilled water, heating and fully stirring, adding aluminum citrate into the solution, introducing nitrogen for protection, and reacting to obtain a first solution;
step two, raising the temperature, continuously adding gluconolactone into the first solution, continuously stirring and reacting to obtain a second solution;
step three, adding sodium bicarbonate into the second solution, stirring uniformly, adding a pH agent, and adjusting to obtain a third solution;
and step four, dissolving water glass in distilled water, after mixing, dropwise adding the water glass into the third solution, and reacting to obtain a final product.
5. The method for preparing fire prevention and extinguishing gel according to claim 4, wherein the first step is performed at 45 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain a first solution;
and in the second step, the temperature is increased to 60 ℃, the gluconolactone is continuously added into the first solution, and the mixture is continuously stirred and reacted for 1 hour to obtain a second solution.
6. The method for preparing fire prevention and extinguishing gel according to claim 4, wherein the third step is to add a pH agent and adjust to 4-5 to obtain a third solution.
7. The method for preparing fire prevention and extinguishing gel according to claim 6, wherein the pH agent is added and adjusted to 4.
8. The method for preparing fire prevention and extinguishing gel according to claim 4, wherein the fourth step is carried out by adding dropwise the mixture into the third solution after mixing, and reacting for 1 hour.
9. The method for preparing fire prevention and extinguishing gel according to claim 4, wherein the reaction temperature is set to 40 ℃ and the volatilization is carried out by stirring for 3 hours at 600 rmp.
10. A coal mine fire prevention and extinguishing method, characterized in that the fire prevention and extinguishing gel of any one of claims 1 to 3 is used in the coal mine fire prevention and extinguishing method.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114470600A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-13 | 徐州吉安矿业科技有限公司 | Foam gel fire prevention and extinguishing material |
| CN115926813A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-04-07 | 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 | Raw coal composite stopping agent and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-03-27 CN CN202110329057.6A patent/CN113058193A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114470600A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-13 | 徐州吉安矿业科技有限公司 | Foam gel fire prevention and extinguishing material |
| CN115926813A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-04-07 | 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 | Raw coal composite stopping agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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