CN113055046B - Multichannel broadband millimeter wave mixing system - Google Patents

Multichannel broadband millimeter wave mixing system Download PDF

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CN113055046B
CN113055046B CN202110262370.2A CN202110262370A CN113055046B CN 113055046 B CN113055046 B CN 113055046B CN 202110262370 A CN202110262370 A CN 202110262370A CN 113055046 B CN113055046 B CN 113055046B
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mixer
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millimeter wave
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CN113055046A (en
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马长春
袁海斌
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Hangzhou Yongxie Technology Co ltd Dongguan Branch
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Hangzhou Yongxie Technology Co ltd Dongguan Branch
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H04B1/403—Circuits using the same oscillator for generating both the transmitter frequency and the receiver local oscillator frequency
    • H04B1/405—Circuits using the same oscillator for generating both the transmitter frequency and the receiver local oscillator frequency with multiple discrete channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
    • H03D7/00—Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing
    • H03D7/16—Multiple-frequency-changing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a multichannel broadband millimeter wave frequency mixing system, when a first millimeter wave signal is input from a radio frequency port of an IQ mixer, the first millimeter wave signal and a first local oscillator signal are subjected to down-conversion in the IQ mixer and then input into a bridge, the rest two ports of the bridge respectively output a first down-conversion signal (useful signal) and a second down-conversion signal (image frequency signal), and a radio frequency switch selects the first down-conversion signal to pass through; when an intermediate frequency signal is input from a port of the radio frequency switch, the radio frequency switch selects one path to be conducted and transmits the signal to the electric bridge, two paths of orthogonal signals are output by two ports of the electric bridge, and the orthogonal signals and a second local oscillation signal are subjected to up-conversion in the IQ mixer to obtain a second millimeter wave signal. The frequency mixing system has the bidirectional characteristic of up-down frequency conversion, has high and low local oscillator selectivity, and can use different single side band suppression schemes or image frequency interference suppression schemes aiming at specific test scenes.

Description

Multichannel broadband millimeter wave mixing system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 5G millimeter wave communication, in particular to a multichannel broadband millimeter wave mixing system.
Background
At present, according to the 3GPP protocol, the frequency range applied to 5G millimeter wave communication is 24.25-29.5GHz and 37-42.5GHz, and the frequency range width is wide. Meanwhile, for a mobile terminal or a base station, due to the higher working frequency and the smaller working wavelength, the design of the radio frequency front end is more and more miniaturized and integrated, and the antenna and the radio frequency front end cannot be guaranteed by design indexes through a traditional conduction test scheme, so that an OTA test system, namely an air interface test scheme, is developed.
In the OTA test system, in order to be compatible with different millimeter wave terminals or millimeter wave base stations, when a transmission signal is downlink, a millimeter wave frequency band needs to be converted to a lower frequency band, or when a signal is uplink, the lower frequency band needs to be converted to the millimeter wave frequency band. Meanwhile, different test systems need to be simultaneously dealt with and signal quality is guaranteed, and a mixing system which meets the requirements at the same time does not exist in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multichannel broadband millimeter wave mixing system which has the bidirectional characteristic of up-down frequency conversion, has high and low local oscillator selectivity and can use different single-sideband suppression schemes or image frequency interference suppression schemes aiming at specific test scenes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a multi-channel broadband millimeter wave frequency mixing system comprises a power divider and a plurality of frequency mixing circuits, wherein the power divider comprises an input port and a plurality of output ports, the number of the mixing circuits is equal to the number of the output ports of the power divider, the output ports of the power divider output local oscillation signals, the mixing circuit comprises an IQ mixer, a bridge and a radio frequency switch, the IQ mixer comprises a radio frequency port and three connecting ports, the bridge comprises four ports, any two ports of the bridge are input ports, the other two ports are output ports, the two input ports of the bridge are isolated from each other, and the signal input by any one input port is distributed into two paths of orthogonal signals with equal power by the bridge and respectively output from the two output ports, the radio frequency switch is a single-pole double-throw radio frequency switch and comprises four ports;
one connection port of the IQ mixer is connected with one output port of the power divider, the remaining two connection ports of the IQ mixer are respectively connected with the two ports of the bridge, and the remaining two ports of the bridge are respectively connected with the two ports of the radio frequency switch;
when a first millimeter wave signal is input from a radio frequency port of the IQ mixer, a first local oscillator signal is input from one connection port of the IQ mixer, the first millimeter wave signal and the first local oscillator signal are subjected to down-conversion in the IQ mixer, the remaining two connection ports of the IQ mixer output two paths of intermediate frequency signals and input the intermediate frequency signals into the bridge through two ports, one port of the remaining two ports of the bridge outputs a first down-conversion signal, the first down-conversion signal comprises a useful signal, the other port of the bridge outputs a second down-conversion signal, the second down-conversion signal comprises an image frequency signal, and the radio frequency switch selects the first down-conversion signal to pass through and suppresses the second down-conversion signal;
when an intermediate frequency signal is input from a port of the radio frequency switch, the radio frequency switch selects one of the two paths to be conducted and transmits the signal to the electric bridge, two ports of the electric bridge output two paths of orthogonal signals, the output power of the two paths of orthogonal signals are equal, the phase difference of the two paths of orthogonal signals is 90 degrees, the two paths of orthogonal signals are transmitted to the IQ mixer, a second local oscillation signal is input from one connection port of the IQ mixer, the orthogonal signal and the second local oscillation signal are subjected to up-conversion in the IQ mixer to obtain a second millimeter wave signal, and the second millimeter wave signal is output from a radio frequency port of the IQ mixer.
Preferably, the IQ mixer and the power divider in the mixer circuit are both disposed on a radio frequency board.
Preferably, the bridge and the radio frequency switch in the mixing circuit are both arranged on the intermediate frequency plate.
Preferably, the radio frequency board and the intermediate frequency board are respectively installed on two sides of the metal shell, the radio frequency board and the intermediate frequency board are fixedly installed in the metal shell to form a sealed module, and the radio frequency board and the intermediate frequency board are connected with interfaces with the same signal transmission property through radio frequency insulators. By the way, the radio frequency board and the intermediate frequency board are separately designed, and PCB boards with different parameters, different PCB laminating ways and PCB signal transmission line structures can be adopted for the radio frequency board and the intermediate frequency board respectively. Because the metal shell is required to be packaged, the radio frequency circuit and the intermediate frequency circuit are respectively shielded, and mutual interference among channels and interference of other modules of the system to the radio frequency circuit and the intermediate frequency circuit are isolated.
Preferably, the signal connection is made using a transmission line of coplanar waveguides.
Preferably, the power divider is a one-to-four power divider.
Preferably, when a first millimeter wave signal is input from a radio frequency port of the IQ mixer, a peak amplitude of the first millimeter wave signal is obtained as a first input peak, a peak amplitude of an intermediate frequency signal output from a connection port of the IQ mixer is obtained as a first output peak, a difference between the first input peak and the first output peak is calculated to obtain a first peak loss, and intermediate frequency signals output by other IQ mixers are corrected according to the first peak loss.
Preferably, when an intermediate frequency signal is input from a port of the radio frequency switch, a peak amplitude of a quadrature signal input to the IQ mixer is obtained as a second input peak, a peak amplitude of a second millimeter wave signal output to the IQ mixer is obtained as a second output peak, a difference between the second input peak and the second output peak is calculated to obtain a second peak loss, and second millimeter wave signals output by other IQ mixers are corrected according to the second peak loss.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the frequency mixing system has the bidirectional characteristic of up-down frequency conversion, simultaneously has high and low local oscillator selectivity, can use different single side band suppression schemes or image frequency interference suppression schemes aiming at specific test scenes, and has the advantages of low frequency conversion loss, low noise, image frequency interference resistance and the like. Meanwhile, as the MMIC circuit scheme is adopted, the system has the characteristics of high integration level, miniaturization, light weight and the like, is beneficial to the miniaturization and integration of a radio frequency front-end system, and simultaneously meets the high-performance requirement of 5G millimeter wave communication.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multichannel broadband millimeter wave mixing system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the bridge operation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of bridge signal input and output;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an RF board structure;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a mid-frequency plate structure.
The reference numerals are illustrated below: 01. a power divider; 02. a mixer circuit; 021. a mixer; 022. an electrical bridge; 023. a radio frequency switch; 03. a radio frequency board; 04. and a middle frequency plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a multichannel broadband millimeter wave frequency mixing system includes a power divider and a plurality of frequency mixing circuits, where the power divider includes an input port and a plurality of output ports, the number of the frequency mixing circuits is equal to the number of the output ports of the power divider, the output ports of the power divider output local oscillator signals, the frequency mixing circuits include an IQ mixer, a bridge, and a radio frequency switch, the IQ mixer includes a radio frequency port and three connection ports, the bridge includes four ports, any two ports of the bridge are input ports, the other two ports are output ports, the two input ports of the bridge are isolated from each other, signals input from any one input port are distributed into two paths of equal-power orthogonal signals by the bridge and output from the two output ports respectively, the radio frequency switch is a single-pole double-throw radio frequency switch, the radio frequency switch comprises four ports;
one connection port of the IQ mixer is connected with one output port of the power divider, the remaining two connection ports of the IQ mixer are respectively connected with the two ports of the bridge, and the remaining two ports of the bridge are respectively connected with the two ports of the radio frequency switch;
when a first millimeter wave signal is input from a radio frequency port of the IQ mixer, a first local oscillator signal is input from one connection port of the IQ mixer, the first millimeter wave signal and the first local oscillator signal are subjected to down-conversion in the IQ mixer, the remaining two connection ports of the IQ mixer output two paths of intermediate frequency signals and input the intermediate frequency signals into the bridge through two ports, one port of the remaining two ports of the bridge outputs a first down-conversion signal, the first down-conversion signal comprises a useful signal, the other port of the bridge outputs a second down-conversion signal, the second down-conversion signal comprises an image frequency signal, and the radio frequency switch selects the first down-conversion signal to pass through and suppresses the second down-conversion signal;
when an intermediate frequency signal is input from a port of the radio frequency switch, the radio frequency switch selects one path to be conducted and transmits the signal to the bridge, two ports of the bridge output two paths of orthogonal signals, the output power of the two paths of orthogonal signals are equal, the phase difference of the two paths of orthogonal signals is 90 degrees, the two paths of orthogonal signals are transmitted to the IQ mixer, a second local oscillator signal is input from one connection port of the IQ mixer, the orthogonal signal and the second local oscillator signal are subjected to up-conversion in the IQ mixer to obtain a second millimeter wave signal, and the second millimeter wave signal is output from a radio frequency port of the IQ mixer.
In the down-conversion working mode, the device has an image frequency interference suppression function, so-called image signal interference is an interference signal with an interference signal frequency and a useful signal frequency in an image relation with respect to a local oscillator, and the signal is superposed on an intermediate frequency spectrum of the useful signal after down-conversion, so that the quality of a communication signal is reduced. In a communication system, the interference signal must be filtered out.
The specific calculation process is as follows:
when the input signal frequency: f. ofRF1＝cosw1
Image interference signal frequency: f. ofRF2＝cosw2
Local oscillator signal frequency: f. ofL0＝cosw3
When f isRF1And fRF2After entering a frequency mixer, the mixed signal is mixed with a local oscillator signal from a local oscillator power divider, and four signals are output from two IQ intermediate frequency ports:
i channel output signal: f. ofIF1-I＝cos(w1-w3)；fIF2-I＝-cos(w2-w3)
The Q channel output signal is: f. ofIF1-Q＝-sin(w1-w3)；fIF2-Q＝sin(w2-w3)
As shown in fig. 2, after the IQ signals of the mixing output ports are respectively connected to the bridge, since the signal powers of the two output ports of the bridge are equal and the phase difference is 90 degrees, when the IQ signals are input from port 1, the phase of port 3 is 0 degree, and the phase of port 4 is-90 degrees; when input from port 2, port 3 is-90 degrees out of phase and port 4 is 0 degrees out of phase.
As shown in fig. 3, the first frequency-converted signal and the second frequency-converted signal outputted from the two ports of the bridge are fout1And fout2：
Figure GDA0003631396340000061
Figure GDA0003631396340000062
In the final output signal expression, it can be seen that fout1Only useful intermediate frequency signals are obtained, and image frequency interference signals are counteracted, so that the image frequency interference is suppressed.
At the same time, when w1<w2<w3I.e. low local oscillator mode, with useful intermediate frequency signals from fout1Output when w1>w2>w3I.e. high natural vibration mode, useful signal from fout2And (6) outputting.
When the frequency converter works in an up-conversion mode, signals are input from the intermediate frequency port, and when the signals are switched to a certain path through the radio frequency switch, single-side band suppression can be achieved.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the power divider is a divide-by-four power divider, and the IQ mixer and the power divider in the mixer circuit are both disposed on the rf board. And the electric bridge and the radio frequency switch in the mixing circuit are both arranged on the intermediate frequency plate. The radio frequency board and the intermediate frequency board are respectively arranged on two sides of the metal shell, the radio frequency board and the intermediate frequency board are fixedly arranged in the metal shell to form a closed module, and the radio frequency board and the intermediate frequency board are connected with interfaces with the same signal transmission property through radio frequency insulators. The signal connection is made using transmission lines of coplanar waveguides.
When a first millimeter wave signal is input from a radio frequency port of the IQ mixer, obtaining a peak amplitude of the first millimeter wave signal as a first input peak value, obtaining a peak amplitude of an intermediate frequency signal output by the IQ mixer from a connection port as a first output peak value, calculating a difference value between the first input peak value and the first output peak value to obtain a first peak loss quantity, and correcting the intermediate frequency signals output by other IQ mixers according to the first peak loss quantity.
When an intermediate frequency signal is input from a port of the radio frequency switch, a peak amplitude of a quadrature signal input into the IQ mixer is obtained and used as a second input peak value, a peak amplitude of a second millimeter wave signal output out of the IQ mixer is obtained and used as a second output peak value, a difference value between the second input peak value and the second output peak value is calculated to obtain a second peak loss quantity, and second millimeter wave signals output by other IQ mixers are corrected according to the second peak loss quantity.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A multichannel broadband millimeter wave frequency mixing system is characterized by comprising a power divider and a plurality of frequency mixing circuits, wherein the power divider comprises an input port and a plurality of output ports, the number of the frequency mixing circuits is equal to that of the output ports of the power divider, the output ports of the power divider output local oscillation signals, the frequency mixing circuits comprise an IQ mixer, a bridge and a radio frequency switch, the IQ mixer comprises a radio frequency port and three connecting ports, the bridge comprises four ports, any two ports of the bridge are input ports, the other two ports are output ports, the two input ports of the bridge are mutually isolated, signals input by any one input port can be distributed into two paths of orthogonal signals with equal power by the bridge and are respectively output from the two output ports, and the radio frequency switch is a single-pole double-throw radio frequency switch, the radio frequency switch comprises four ports;
one connection port of the IQ mixer is connected with one output port of the power divider, the remaining two connection ports of the IQ mixer are respectively connected with the two ports of the bridge, and the remaining two ports of the bridge are respectively connected with the two ports of the radio frequency switch;
when a first millimeter wave signal is input from a radio frequency port of the IQ mixer, a first local oscillator signal is input from one connection port of the IQ mixer, the first millimeter wave signal and the first local oscillator signal are subjected to down-conversion in the IQ mixer, the remaining two connection ports of the IQ mixer output two paths of intermediate frequency signals and input the intermediate frequency signals into the bridge through two ports, one port of the remaining two ports of the bridge outputs a first down-conversion signal, the first down-conversion signal comprises a useful signal, the other port of the bridge outputs a second down-conversion signal, the second down-conversion signal comprises an image frequency signal, and the radio frequency switch selects the first down-conversion signal to pass through and suppresses the second down-conversion signal;
when an intermediate frequency signal is input from a port of the radio frequency switch, the radio frequency switch selects one path to be conducted and transmits the signal to the bridge, two ports of the bridge output two paths of orthogonal signals, the output power of the two paths of orthogonal signals are equal, the phase difference of the two paths of orthogonal signals is 90 degrees, the two paths of orthogonal signals are transmitted to the IQ mixer, a second local oscillator signal is input from one connection port of the IQ mixer, the orthogonal signal and the second local oscillator signal are subjected to up-conversion in the IQ mixer to obtain a second millimeter wave signal, and the second millimeter wave signal is output from a radio frequency port of the IQ mixer.
2. The multi-channel wideband millimeter wave mixing system according to claim 1, wherein the IQ mixer and the power divider in the mixing circuit are disposed on a radio frequency board.
3. The multichannel broadband millimeter wave mixing system according to claim 2, wherein the bridge and the rf switch of the mixing circuit are disposed on the if board.
4. The multi-channel broadband millimeter wave mixing system according to claim 3, wherein the radio frequency board and the intermediate frequency board are respectively installed on both sides of the metal shell, the radio frequency board and the intermediate frequency board are fixedly installed in the metal shell to form a sealed module, and the radio frequency board and the intermediate frequency board are connected to interfaces with the same signal transmission property through radio frequency insulators.
5. A multichannel broadband millimeter wave mixing system according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the signal connection is made by transmission lines of coplanar waveguides.
6. The multi-channel wideband millimeter wave mixing system according to claim 1, wherein the power divider is a one-to-four power divider.
7. The multichannel broadband millimeter wave mixing system according to claim 1, wherein when a first millimeter wave signal is input from the rf port of the IQ mixer, a peak amplitude of the first millimeter wave signal is obtained as a first input peak, a peak amplitude of an intermediate frequency signal output from the connection port of the IQ mixer is obtained as a first output peak, a difference between the first input peak and the first output peak is calculated to obtain a first peak loss, and intermediate frequency signals output by other IQ mixers are corrected according to the first peak loss.
8. The multichannel broadband millimeter wave mixing system according to claim 1, wherein when an intermediate frequency signal is input from the port of the radio frequency switch, a peak amplitude of the quadrature signal input to the IQ mixer is obtained as a second input peak, a peak amplitude of the second millimeter wave signal output to the IQ mixer is obtained as a second output peak, a difference between the second input peak and the second output peak is calculated to obtain a second peak loss, and the second millimeter wave signals output by the other IQ mixers are corrected according to the second peak loss.
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