CN113051758B - Oil nozzle selection device and method in gas well test - Google Patents
Oil nozzle selection device and method in gas well test Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for selecting a choke in gas well testing. The device comprises a natural gas supply system, a gas well testing multi-working-condition simulation system, a multi-combination oil nozzle testing system (503) and a control device; the oil nozzle multi-combination testing system (503) comprises a plurality of oil nozzle combinations which are arranged in parallel through pipelines; the gas well testing multi-working-condition simulation system comprises a ground flow pipeline (109), and the oil nozzle multi-combination testing system (503) is connected to the ground flow pipeline (109). The invention is safe and reliable, and can simulate the whole process and multiple working conditions of the gas well test operation; various modes of the oil nozzle combination can be flexibly changed in the test process, so that the engineering requirements are met; the optimal oil nozzle combination mode matched with the test working condition can be accurately and preferably selected, and the method has practical guiding significance for selecting the oil nozzle combination mode in the gas well test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum engineering, and particularly relates to a device and a method for selecting an oil nozzle in gas well testing.
Background
Gas well testing is a necessary means for knowing gas reservoirs and evaluating the potential of gas fields, and plays a crucial role in the exploration and development of the gas fields. By carrying out test operation on a single well, a well group or a block, dynamic data and pressure drop characteristics of the gas reservoir can be obtained, the gas testing, the well testing and the trial production data are comprehensively utilized and analyzed, the productivity evaluation can be carried out, the gas reservoir development characteristics and the gas reservoir stable yield conditions can be obtained, the single well control reserve and the gas field development scale can be determined, the reasonable development scheme of the gas field can be determined, and the method has certain guiding significance for the development of the gas field.
In the gas well test, in order to increase the recoverable reserve and optimize the development effect, the wellhead needs to use a ground oil nozzle to adjust the production and reduce the pressure, so that the subsequent separation and storage procedures are guaranteed to be carried out smoothly. When natural gas passes through the ground nozzle tip, the pressure and the temperature can be simultaneously reduced, if the nozzle tip is unreasonably selected, natural gas hydrate is easily generated, a test pipeline is blocked if the nozzle tip is light, the test operation is delayed, and the operation time and the cost are increased; if so, various devices at the rear part of the oil nozzle are damaged by high pressure, the test fails, and even the well is scrapped, so the result is serious.
Under same gas well test condition, the glib talker combination has the multiple, different glib talker combinations, can have very big influence to the test result, in order to confirm the glib talker combination that matches with test condition, prior art mainly realizes through field operation personnel subjective experience, it is high to require to personnel, the human factor influence is big, but can not provide the glib talker combination that matches most, and when well head pressure reached a definite value in the testing process, need shut in, can continue to operate after changing the glib talker, frequently change the glib talker not only can increase the production cost, influence the going on of test work and can make harmful substance leak and cause the dangerous accident to take place.
Therefore, a device and a method for selecting a choke in a gas well test are urgently needed, the combination mode of the ground choke in the gas well test is accurately judged, the gas well test efficiency is effectively improved, the operation cost is reduced, the test effect is improved, and the test operation is ensured to be safely and smoothly carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for selecting an oil nozzle in gas well testing, which aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the oil nozzle is selected through subjective experience of field operators, the requirements on personnel are high, the influence of human factors is large, and the best matching oil nozzle combination cannot be provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a device for selecting an oil nozzle in gas well test, which comprises a natural gas supply system, a gas well test multi-working-condition simulation system, an oil nozzle multi-combination test system and a control device, wherein the natural gas supply system is connected with the oil nozzle multi-working-condition simulation system; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the oil nozzle multi-combination testing system comprises a plurality of oil nozzle combinations which are arranged in parallel through pipelines;
the gas well testing multi-working-condition simulation system comprises a ground flow pipeline, the oil nozzle multi-combination testing system is connected to the ground flow pipeline, one end of the ground flow pipeline is connected with a testing pipe column, and a vacuum pump is connected to the testing pipe column; the other end of the ground flow pipeline is connected with a gas-liquid two-phase separator; the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid two-phase separator is connected with a gas flow pipeline, and a gas flowmeter b and a gas component measuring device b are arranged on the gas flow pipeline; the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid two-phase separator is connected with a liquid flow pipeline, and the liquid flow pipeline is connected with a liquid flowmeter;
the ground flow pipeline is provided with a first wellhead temperature sensor, a first wellhead pressure sensor and a gas component measuring device a on one side of the oil nozzle multi-combination testing system close to the testing pipe column, and a second wellhead temperature sensor and a second wellhead pressure sensor are arranged on the ground flow pipeline on one side of the oil nozzle multi-combination testing system close to the gas-liquid two-phase separator;
the gas outlet end of the natural gas supply system is connected with the testing pipe column, and a gas flowmeter a for metering the flow of the natural gas injected into the testing pipe column is arranged on the gas supply pipeline of the natural gas supply system;
the gas flowmeter b, the gas component measuring device b, the liquid flowmeter, the first wellhead temperature sensor, the first wellhead pressure sensor, the gas component measuring device a, the second wellhead temperature sensor, the second wellhead pressure sensor and the gas flowmeter a are respectively and electrically connected with the control device.
Furthermore, the multiple oil nozzle combinations comprise a first-stage oil nozzle combination, a second-stage oil nozzle combination and a third-stage oil nozzle combination.
Furthermore, the primary oil nozzle combination comprises a primary switch a, a primary oil nozzle and a primary switch b which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the secondary oil nozzle assembly comprises a secondary switch a, a secondary oil nozzle and a secondary switch b which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the three-stage oil nozzle combination comprises a three-stage switch a, a three-stage oil nozzle and a three-stage switch b which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the first-stage oil nozzle is an oil nozzle; the two-stage oil nozzle is two oil nozzles and comprises a two-stage oil nozzle a and a two-stage oil nozzle b; the three-stage oil nozzle is three oil nozzles and comprises a three-stage oil nozzle a, a three-stage oil nozzle b and a three-stage oil nozzle c; the primary switch a, the primary switch b, the secondary switch a, the secondary switch b, the tertiary switch a and the tertiary switch b are respectively electrically connected with the control device.
Furthermore, a ground flow pipeline between the oil nozzle multi-combination testing system and the gas-liquid two-phase separator is a transparent pipeline; still include the camera, the camera is installed the downside of transparent pipeline, just the camera is connected with controlling means electricity.
Further, the natural gas supply system comprises a gas tank, a booster pump, a gas flowmeter a and an air inlet valve which are sequentially connected through a gas supply pipeline; and the air inlet valve and the booster pump are respectively electrically connected with the control device.
Furthermore, a temperature control groove for adjusting the temperature of the test pipe column is arranged on the test pipe column.
Further, the distance between the gas flowmeter b and the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid two-phase separator is 0.5-2.0 m; the distance between the gas component measuring device b and the gas flowmeter b is 0.3-1.0 m; the distance between the liquid flowmeter and the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid two-phase separator is 0.5-2.0 m.
Further, the tail end of the liquid flowing pipeline is connected with a liquid storage tank; the tail end of the gas flow pipeline is connected with a combustion arm.
The invention provides a method for selecting a choke by applying the choke selecting device in the gas well test, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) pumping the interior of the test pipe column to a vacuum state by using a vacuum pump, and closing the vacuum pump; selecting one oil nozzle combination in the oil nozzle multi-combination testing system to test the first oil nozzle combination; connecting pipelines for oil nozzle combination, and closing pipelines for other oil nozzle combinations;
injecting natural gas into a test pipe column through a natural gas supply system, pressurizing, monitoring the pressure in the test pipe column through a first wellhead pressure sensor, and simulating the pressure field condition of the test pipe column in the gas well test process;
adjusting the temperature condition in the testing pipe column through the temperature control groove, monitoring the temperature in the testing pipe column through the first wellhead temperature sensor, and simulating the temperature field condition of the testing pipe column in the gas well testing process;
thirdly, gas-liquid separation is carried out by using a gas-liquid two-phase separator, the separated gas enters a gas flow pipeline through a gas outlet end and then is combusted, and the separated liquid enters a liquid flow pipeline through a liquid outlet end and then is stored;
monitoring the gas flow injected into the test pipe column by using the gas flowmeter a; the first wellhead temperature sensor monitors the temperature of gas before the gas flows through the oil nozzle assembly; the first wellhead pressure sensor monitors gas pressure in the pipe column; the gas component measuring device a monitors the gas components in the test pipe column; a second wellhead temperature sensor monitors the temperature change of the gas flowing through the oil nozzle combination; the second wellhead pressure sensor monitors the pressure change of the gas flowing through the oil nozzle combination; the gas flowmeter b monitors the gas flow rate of the gas entering the gas flow pipeline after the gas passes through the gas-liquid separator; the gas component measuring device b measures the gas components entering the gas flow pipeline after passing through the gas-liquid separator; the liquid flow meter monitors the liquid flow of the gas entering the liquid flow pipeline after the gas passes through the gas-liquid separator;
after the test is finished, recording related data; closing the tested oil nozzle combined pipeline;
(2) pumping the interior of the test pipe column to a vacuum state by using a vacuum pump, and closing the vacuum pump; opening a pipeline of a second type of oil nozzle combination, wherein pipelines of other oil nozzle combinations are in a closed state; repeating the test of the second nozzle assembly according to the method in the step (1);
(3) continuously and repeatedly testing the third oil nozzle combination according to the method in the step (2) until the last oil nozzle combination is tested;
(4) and calculating the volume of the hydrate generated by each nozzle combination through data processing of the control device, and taking the nozzle combination mode with the minimum generated hydrate volume as the optimal nozzle combination mode.
Further, in the step (4), the method for calculating the volume of the hydrate generated by the nozzle assembly comprises the following steps:
measuring gas flow Q of the gas flowmeter a and the gas flowmeter b under the test environment by using an ideal gas state equation PV-NRTa、QbConversion to gas flow rate Q under standard conditionsA、QB：
In the formula, PAThe wellhead pressure measured by the first wellhead pressure sensor is Pa;
P0is standard atmospheric pressure, Pa;
TAa wellhead temperature measured by a first wellhead temperature sensor, K;
T0is the temperature under standard conditions, K;
Qafor the gas flow rate, m, measured by the gas flowmeter a under the test environment3/s；
PBThe pressure of the wellhead measured by the second wellhead pressure sensor is Pa;
TBthe wellhead temperature measured by the temperature sensor, K;
QBthe gas flow measured by the gas flowmeter b under the test environment, m3/s；
② according to the gas flow Q under the standard conditionA、QBCalculating out the measurementVolume V of gas component i in test tube column at well headAiAnd volume V after completion of the experimentBi：
VAi＝∫QASAidt；
VBi＝∫QBSBidt；
In the formula, SAiIs the component,%, of gas i measured by the gas component measuring device a;
SBithe gas component measuring device b measures the component percent of the gas i after the experiment is finished;
t is experimental time 3600S (experimental time is selected according to specific hydrate formation conditions), S;
volume V at well head according to gas component iAiAnd volume V after completion of the experimentBiCalculating the volume of the gas component i consumed for generating the hydrate:
Vi＝VAi-VBi；
fourthly, according to the volume of the consumed gas component i, the volume V of the hydrate generated by the first-level nozzle selected in the gas well test is calculatedH1：
In the formula, ρiDenotes the density of the i component of the gas, Kg/m3；
ρHDenotes the density of the hydrate, Kg/m3；
X represents the mole percent,%, of gas component i hydrate;
Mirepresents the molar mass of the gas component i, Kg/mol;
MHrepresents the molar mass of the hydrate, Kg/mol.
Based on the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention can at least produce the following technical effects:
(1) the oil nozzle selecting device in the gas well test provided by the invention is safe and reliable, and can be used for simulating the whole process and multiple working conditions of the gas well test operation; various modes of the oil nozzle combination can be flexibly changed in the test process, so that the engineering requirements are met;
(2) the oil nozzle selecting device in the gas well test provided by the invention is scientific in selecting method, and can automatically monitor the test working condition in real time and in the whole process; the optimal oil nozzle combination mode matched with the test working condition can be accurately and preferably selected, and the method has practical guiding significance for selecting the oil nozzle combination mode in the gas well test.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In the figure: 101. a gas tank; 102. a booster pump; 103. a gas flow meter a; 104. an intake valve; 105. a vacuum pump; 106. testing the pipe column; 107. a temperature control tank; 108. a flow head; 109. a ground flow line; 201. a first wellhead temperature sensor; 202. a first wellhead pressure sensor; 203. a gas component measuring device a; 204. a primary switch a; 205. a first-stage oil nozzle; 206. a primary switch b; 207. a secondary switch a; 208. a secondary oil nozzle a; 209. a secondary oil nozzle b; 301. a secondary switch b; 302. a three-level switch a; 303. a third-stage oil nozzle a; 304. a third-stage oil nozzle b; 305. a third-stage oil nozzle c; 306. a third-stage switch b; 308. a second wellhead temperature sensor; 309. a second wellhead pressure sensor; 401. a camera; 402. a gas-liquid two-phase separator; 403. a gas flow line; 404. a gas flow meter b; 405. a gas component measuring device b; 406. a combustion arm; 407. a liquid flow line; 408. a liquid flow meter; 409. a liquid storage tank; 501. a data transmission line; 502. a computer; 503. glib multiunit test system.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1:
example 1:
the invention provides a choke selecting device in gas well testing, which comprises a natural gas supply system, a gas well testing multi-working-condition simulation system, a choke multi-combination testing system 503 and a control device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the multi-nozzle-assembly testing system 503 comprises a plurality of nozzle assemblies arranged in parallel through pipelines;
the gas well testing multi-working-condition simulation system comprises a ground flow pipeline 109, the oil nozzle multi-combination testing system 503 is connected to the ground flow pipeline 109, one end of the ground flow pipeline 109 is connected with a testing pipe column 106, and a vacuum pump 105 is connected to the testing pipe column 106; the other end of the ground flow pipeline 109 is connected with a gas-liquid two-phase separator 402; a gas flow pipeline 403 is connected to a gas outlet end of the gas-liquid two-phase separator 402, and a gas flowmeter b404 and a gas component measuring device b405 are arranged on the gas flow pipeline 403; a liquid flow pipeline 407 is connected to a liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid two-phase separator 402, and a liquid flow meter 408 is connected to the liquid flow pipeline 407;
a first wellhead temperature sensor 201, a first wellhead pressure sensor 202 and a gas component measuring device a203 are arranged on one side, close to the test string 106, of the multi-nozzle multi-combination test system 503 of the ground flow pipeline 109, and a second wellhead temperature sensor 308 and a second wellhead pressure sensor 309 are arranged on one side, close to the gas-liquid two-phase separator 402, of the multi-nozzle multi-combination test system 503 of the ground flow pipeline 109;
the gas outlet end of the natural gas supply system is connected with the test string 106, and a gas flowmeter a103 for metering the flow of the natural gas injected into the test string 106 is arranged on the gas supply pipeline of the natural gas supply system;
the gas flowmeter b404, the gas component measuring device b405, the liquid flowmeter 408, the first wellhead temperature sensor 201, the first wellhead pressure sensor 202, the gas component measuring device a203, the second wellhead temperature sensor 308, the second wellhead pressure sensor 309 and the gas flowmeter a103 are respectively and electrically connected with the control device.
The oil nozzle selecting device in the gas well test provided by the invention is safe and reliable, and can be used for simulating the whole process and multiple working conditions of the gas well test operation; various modes of the oil nozzle combination can be flexibly changed in the test process, so that the engineering requirements are met; the oil nozzle selecting device and method in the gas well test provided by the invention have the advantages that the selecting method is scientific, and the test working condition can be automatically monitored in real time in the whole process; the optimal oil nozzle combination mode matched with the test working condition can be accurately and preferably selected, and the method has practical guiding significance for selecting the oil nozzle combination mode in the gas well test.
As an alternative embodiment, the plurality of nozzle tip combinations includes a primary nozzle tip combination, a secondary nozzle tip combination, and a tertiary nozzle tip combination. Of course, the mode of the oil nozzle combination can be increased according to the needs, and is not limited to the three disclosed in the invention.
As an optional embodiment, the primary oil nozzle combination comprises a primary switch a204, a primary oil nozzle 205 and a primary switch b206 which are connected in sequence through a pipeline; the secondary oil nozzle assembly comprises a secondary switch a207, a secondary oil nozzle and a secondary switch b301 which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the three-stage oil nozzle combination comprises a three-stage switch a302, a three-stage oil nozzle and a three-stage switch b306 which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the primary oil nozzle 205 is an oil nozzle; the two-stage oil nozzle is two oil nozzles and comprises a two-stage oil nozzle a208 and a two-stage oil nozzle b 209; the three-stage oil nozzle is three oil nozzles and comprises a three-stage oil nozzle a303, a three-stage oil nozzle b304 and a three-stage oil nozzle c 305; the primary switch a204, the primary switch b206, the secondary switch a207, the secondary switch b301, the tertiary switch a302 and the tertiary switch b306 are electrically connected with a control device respectively.
As an alternative embodiment, the ground flow pipeline 109 between the nozzle multi-combination testing system 503 and the gas-liquid two-phase separator 402 is a transparent pipeline; the device further comprises a camera 401, wherein the camera 401 is arranged on the lower side of the transparent pipeline, and the camera 401 is electrically connected with a control device. The transparent pipeline is a visual pipeline made of sapphire or high-strength glass capable of bearing at least 10MPa of pressure; all devices meet the engineering operation requirements.
As an alternative embodiment, the natural gas supply system comprises a gas tank 101, a booster pump 102, a gas flowmeter a103 and an air inlet valve 104 which are connected in sequence through a gas supply pipeline; the air inlet valve 104 and the booster pump 102 are respectively electrically connected with the control device. The gas tank 101 is connected with the booster pump 102 and is used for injecting experimental natural gas into the test string 106; the other end of the booster pump 102 is connected with a gas flowmeter a103 and is used for boosting natural gas output by a natural gas supply system and adjusting reaction pressure in a test string 106; the other end of the gas flowmeter a103 is connected with an air inlet valve 104 and is used for metering the flow of the gas for injecting the experimental natural gas into the test string 106; the other end of the air inlet valve 104 is connected with the test string 106 and is used for controlling the air tank 101 to inject experimental natural gas into the test string 106; the vacuum pump 105 is connected with the test pipe column 106 and is used for preprocessing the test pipe, the vacuum pump 105 can be used for pumping the interior of the test pipe column 106 to a vacuum state, and experimental natural gas is prevented from being polluted by air;
as an optional embodiment, a flow head 108 is further included, the flow head 108 being located at the top end of the test string 106 and threadedly connected to the test string 106; one end of the surface flow line 109 is connected to the flow head 108 via a union fitting.
As an alternative embodiment, a temperature control slot 107 for adjusting the temperature of the test string 106 is disposed on the test string 106. The temperature control groove 107 is mounted on the upper part of the test string 106 through threads and is used for adjusting the temperature of the test string 106 so as to simulate the temperature field distribution in the test string 106 in the gas well test process.
In an alternative embodiment, the distance between the gas flowmeter b404 and the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid two-phase separator 402 is 0.5-2.0m (preferably 1.0 m); the distance between the gas component measuring device b405 and the gas flow meter b404 is 0.3 to 1.0m (preferably 0.5 m); the liquid flow meter 408 is spaced from the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid two-phase separator 402 by 0.5 to 2.0m (preferably 1.0 m).
As an alternative embodiment, the tail end of the liquid flowing pipeline 407 is connected with a liquid storage tank 409; the tail end of the gas flow pipe 403 is connected with a combustion arm 406.
During gas well testing, experimental gas provided by a natural gas supply system reaches a ground flow pipeline 109 (wellhead) through a flow channel provided by a test string 106, enters the ground flow pipeline 109 by virtue of a flow head 108, is adjusted to a set yield through a choke combination, continues to pass through the ground flow pipeline 109, enters a gas-liquid two-phase separator 402 for gas-liquid separation, and reaches a combustion arm 406 through a gas flow pipeline 403 for sufficient combustion; the separated liquid is supplied to the liquid storage tank 409 through the liquid flow line 407 and stored.
In this embodiment, the control device is a computer 502; the data monitored by the gas flow meter b404, the gas component measuring device b405, the liquid flow meter 408, the first wellhead temperature sensor 201, the first wellhead pressure sensor 202, the gas component measuring device a203, the second wellhead temperature sensor 308, the second wellhead pressure sensor 309 and the gas flow meter a103 are all transmitted to the computer 502 through the data transmission line 501, and the camera 401 is connected with the computer 502 through the data transmission line 501 and transmits the record to the computer 502 in real time. The data processing response time of the data automatic monitoring, collecting and processing system is less than 0.1s, and a foundation is laid for judging the generation of the hydrate by monitoring the temperature, the pressure, the liquid flow, the gas flow and the gas component parameters in real time.
Example 2:
the method for selecting the oil nozzle by using the oil nozzle selecting device in the gas well test of the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps
(1) Before the test starts, the connection of the test string 106 with other devices is checked and the sealing condition of the pipeline connection is checked; pumping the interior of the test string 106 to a vacuum state by using the vacuum pump 105, and closing the vacuum pump 105; testing the combination of the first-level oil nozzles; opening a first-stage switch a204 and a first-stage switch b206, communicating the pipeline of the first-stage nozzle assembly, and closing the pipeline of the second-stage nozzle assembly and the pipeline of the third-stage nozzle assembly;
firstly, opening an air inlet valve 104 and a booster pump 102, injecting natural gas into a test string 106 through a natural gas supply system, boosting, monitoring the pressure in the test string 106 through a first wellhead pressure sensor 202, and simulating the pressure field condition of the test string 106 in the gas well test process;
adjusting the temperature condition in the test string 106 by using the temperature control groove 107, monitoring the temperature in the test string 106 by using a first wellhead temperature sensor 201, and simulating the temperature field condition of the test string 106 in the gas well test process;
thirdly, shooting and recording the generation of the hydrate on the ground flow pipeline 109 by using the camera 401, and observing the growth condition of the hydrate layer according to the shot image;
a gas-liquid two-phase separator 402 is used for gas-liquid separation, the separated gas enters a combustion arm 406 connected with a gas flow pipeline 403 through a gas outlet end for combustion, and the separated liquid enters a liquid storage tank 409 connected with a liquid flow pipeline 407 through a liquid outlet end for storage;
utilizing a gas flowmeter a103 to monitor the gas flow injected into the test string 106; the first wellhead temperature sensor 201 monitors the temperature of the gas before flowing through the oil nozzle assembly and provides temperature reference for the temperature control tank 107; the first wellhead pressure sensor 202 monitors gas pressure in the pipe column and provides a pressure reference for the booster pump 102; the gas composition measuring device a203 monitors the gas composition in the test column 106; the second wellhead temperature sensor 308 monitors the temperature change of the gas flowing through the oil nozzle combination; the second wellhead pressure sensor 309 monitors the pressure change of the gas flowing through the oil nozzle combination; the gas flowmeter b404 monitors the gas flow rate of the gas entering the gas flow pipeline 403 after the gas passes through the gas-liquid separator; the gas component measuring device b405 measures the gas component that enters the gas flow line 403 after passing through the gas-liquid separator; the liquid flow meter 408 monitors the liquid flow rate of the gas entering the liquid flow pipeline 407 after passing through the gas-liquid separator; all monitoring parameters simultaneously transmit the acquired data to the computer 502 so as to carry out quantitative analysis on the growth condition of the hydrate;
after the test is finished, recording related data; closing a pipeline of the first-stage oil nozzle combination;
(2) pumping the interior of the test string 106 to a vacuum state by using the vacuum pump 105, and closing the vacuum pump 105; opening the pipeline of the second-stage oil nozzle combination, wherein the pipeline of the first-stage oil nozzle combination and the pipeline of the third-stage oil nozzle combination are in a closed state; the test of the secondary nozzle tip combination is repeatedly carried out according to the method of the step 1;
(3) repeatedly testing the combination of the three-stage oil nozzles;
(4) the gas phase flow and the component change are measured through a data acquisition system, the consumption of the gas phase in the growth process of the generated hydrate is calculated by combining the temperature and pressure values in a pipeline, the growth process of the hydrate is deeply and quantitatively researched, and the hydrate volume generated by the first-stage oil nozzle combination, the second-stage oil nozzle combination and the third-stage oil nozzle combination is calculated by processing the data of a computer 502 in real time; the method for calculating the volume of the hydrate generated by the first-stage nozzle assembly, the second-stage nozzle assembly and the third-stage nozzle assembly comprises the following steps:
gas flow Q measured by gas flowmeter a103 and gas flowmeter b404 under test environment by ideal gas state equation PV-NRTa、QbConversion to gas flow rate Q under standard conditionsA、QB：
In the formula, PAThe wellhead pressure Pa is measured by a first wellhead pressure sensor 202;
P0is standard atmospheric pressure, Pa;
TAthe wellhead temperature measured by a first wellhead temperature sensor 201, K;
T0is the temperature under standard conditions, K;
Qais the gas flow measured by the gas flowmeter a103 under the test environment, m3/s；
PBThe wellhead pressure measured by the second wellhead pressure sensor 309 is Pa;
TBthe wellhead temperature measured by the temperature sensor, K;
QBgas flow rate, m, measured for gas flowmeter b404 in a test environment3/s；
② according to the gas flow Q under the standard conditionA、QBCalculating the volume V of the gas component i in the test string 106 at the well headAiAnd volume V after completion of the experimentBi：
VAi＝∫QASAidt；
VBi＝∫QBSBidt；
In the formula, SAiIs the composition,%, of gas i measured by the gas composition measuring device a 203;
SBithe gas component measuring device b405 measures the component,%, of the gas i after the experiment is completed;
t is experimental time 3600S, S;
volume V at well head according to gas component iAiAnd volume V after completion of the experimentBiCalculating the volume of the gas component i consumed for generating the hydrate:
Vi＝VAi-VBi；
fourthly, according to the volume of the consumed gas component i, the volume V of the hydrate generated by the first-level nozzle combination selected in the gas well test is calculatedH1：
In the formula, ρiDenotes the density of the i component of the gas, Kg/m3；
ρHDenotes the density of the hydrate, Kg/m3；
X represents the mole percent,%, of gas component i hydrate;
Mirepresents the molar mass of the gas component i, Kg/mol;
MHrepresents the molar mass of the hydrate, Kg/mol;
repeating the steps I-IV, and calculating the volume V of the hydrate generated by the second-level oil nozzle combination selected in the gas well testH2；；
Repeating the steps I-IV, and calculating the volume V of the hydrate generated by the combination of the three-level oil nozzles selected in the gas well testH3；
Comparing the volumes V of hydrates respectively generated when the selected first-stage nozzle assembly, second-stage nozzle assembly and third-stage nozzle assembly are used for gas well testH1、VH2、VH3The optimal combination mode of the oil nozzle with the minimum volume of generated hydrate is optimized according to the comparison resultAnd (4) a nozzle tip combination mode.
Claims (10)
1. A choke selects for use device among gas well test which characterized in that: the device comprises a natural gas supply system, a gas well testing multi-working-condition simulation system, a multi-combination testing system (503) of oil nozzles and a control device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the oil nozzle multi-combination testing system (503) comprises a plurality of oil nozzle combinations which are arranged in parallel through pipelines;
the gas well testing multi-working-condition simulation system comprises a ground flow pipeline (109), the oil nozzle multi-combination testing system (503) is connected to the ground flow pipeline (109), one end of the ground flow pipeline (109) is connected with a testing pipe column (106), and the testing pipe column (106) is connected with a vacuum pump (105); the other end of the ground flow pipeline (109) is connected with a gas-liquid two-phase separator (402); a gas outlet end of the gas-liquid two-phase separator (402) is connected with a gas flow pipeline (403), and a gas flowmeter b (404) and a gas component measuring device b (405) are arranged on the gas flow pipeline (403); a liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid two-phase separator (402) is connected with a liquid flow pipeline (407), and the liquid flow pipeline (407) is connected with a liquid flowmeter (408);
a first wellhead temperature sensor (201), a first wellhead pressure sensor (202) and a gas component measuring device a (203) are arranged on one side, close to the testing pipe column (106), of the oil nozzle multi-combination testing system (503) of the ground flow pipeline (109), and a second wellhead temperature sensor (308) and a second wellhead pressure sensor (309) are arranged on one side, close to the gas-liquid two-phase separator (402), of the oil nozzle multi-combination testing system (503) of the ground flow pipeline (109);
the gas outlet end of the natural gas supply system is connected with the test pipe column (106), and a gas flowmeter a (103) for metering the flow of the natural gas injected into the test pipe column (106) is arranged on the gas supply pipeline of the natural gas supply system;
the gas flowmeter b (404), the gas component measuring device b (405), the liquid flowmeter (408), the wellhead temperature sensor I (201), the wellhead pressure sensor I (202), the gas component measuring device a (203), the wellhead temperature sensor II (308), the wellhead pressure sensor II (309) and the gas flowmeter a (103) are respectively and electrically connected with the control device.
2. The choke selecting device for gas well testing of claim 1, characterized in that: the multiple oil nozzle combinations comprise a first-stage oil nozzle combination, a second-stage oil nozzle combination and a third-stage oil nozzle combination.
3. The oil nozzle selection device in gas well testing of claim 2, characterized in that: the primary oil nozzle combination comprises a primary switch a (204), a primary oil nozzle (205) and a primary switch b (206) which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the secondary oil nozzle assembly comprises a secondary switch a (207), a secondary oil nozzle and a secondary switch b (301) which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the three-stage oil nozzle combination comprises a three-stage switch a (302), a three-stage oil nozzle and a three-stage switch b (306) which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the first-stage oil nozzle (205) is an oil nozzle; the two-stage oil nozzle is two oil nozzles and comprises a two-stage oil nozzle a (208) and a two-stage oil nozzle b (209); the three-stage oil nozzle is three oil nozzles and comprises a three-stage oil nozzle a (303), a three-stage oil nozzle b (304) and a three-stage oil nozzle c (305); the primary switch a (204), the primary switch b (206), the secondary switch a (207), the secondary switch b (301), the tertiary switch a (302) and the tertiary switch b (306) are respectively electrically connected with the control device.
4. The choke selecting device for gas well testing of claim 1, characterized in that: the ground flow pipeline (109) between the oil nozzle multi-combination testing system (503) and the gas-liquid two-phase separator (402) is a transparent pipeline; still include camera (401), camera (401) are installed the downside of transparent pipeline, just camera (401) are connected with controlling means electricity.
5. The choke selecting device for gas well testing of claim 1, characterized in that: the natural gas supply system comprises a gas tank (101), a booster pump (102), a gas flowmeter a (103) and an air inlet valve (104) which are connected in sequence through a gas supply pipeline; and the air inlet valve (104) and the booster pump (102) are respectively and electrically connected with the control device.
6. The choke selecting device for gas well testing of claim 1, characterized in that: and a temperature control groove (107) for adjusting the temperature of the test string (106) is arranged on the test string (106).
7. The choke selecting device for gas well testing of claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between the gas flowmeter b (404) and the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid two-phase separator (402) is 0.5-2.0 m; the distance between the gas component measuring device b (405) and the gas flowmeter b (404) is 0.3-1.0 m; the distance between the liquid flowmeter (408) and the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid two-phase separator (402) is 0.5-2.0 m.
8. The choke selecting device for gas well testing of claim 1, characterized in that: the tail end of the liquid flowing pipeline (407) is connected with a liquid storage tank (409); the tail end of the gas flow pipeline (403) is connected with a combustion arm (406).
9. The method for selecting the oil nozzle by using the oil nozzle selecting device in the gas well test as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized in that: comprises the following steps
(1) Pumping the interior of the test pipe column (106) to a vacuum state by using a vacuum pump (105), and closing the vacuum pump (105); selecting one oil nozzle combination in an oil nozzle multi-combination testing system (503) to test the first oil nozzle combination; connecting pipelines for oil nozzle combination, and closing pipelines for other oil nozzle combinations;
injecting natural gas into a test string (106) through a natural gas supply system, pressurizing, monitoring the pressure in the test string (106) through a wellhead pressure sensor I (202), and simulating the pressure field condition of the test string (106) in the gas well test process;
adjusting the temperature condition in the test string (106) through a temperature control groove (107), monitoring the temperature in the test string (106) through a first wellhead temperature sensor (201), and simulating the temperature field condition of the test string (106) in the gas well test process;
thirdly, gas-liquid separation is carried out by using a gas-liquid two-phase separator (402), the separated gas enters a gas flow pipeline (403) through a gas outlet end and then is combusted, and the separated liquid enters a liquid flow pipeline through a liquid outlet end and then is stored;
monitoring the gas flow injected into the test string (106) by using a gas flowmeter a (103); a first wellhead temperature sensor (201) monitors the temperature of gas before flowing through the nozzle assembly; monitoring gas pressure in the pipe column by a first wellhead pressure sensor (202); the gas component measuring device a (203) monitors the gas component in the test column (106); a second wellhead temperature sensor (308) monitors the temperature change of the gas flowing through the oil nozzle combination; a second wellhead pressure sensor (309) monitors the pressure change of the gas flowing through the oil nozzle combination; the gas flowmeter b (404) monitors the gas flow rate of the gas entering the gas flow pipeline (403) after the gas passes through the gas-liquid separator; the gas component measuring device b (405) measures the gas component which enters the gas flow pipeline (403) after passing through the gas-liquid separator; the liquid flow meter (408) monitors the liquid flow rate of the gas entering the liquid flow pipeline (407) after passing through the gas-liquid separator;
after the test is finished, recording related data; closing the tested oil nozzle combined pipeline;
(2) pumping the interior of the test pipe column (106) to a vacuum state by using a vacuum pump (105), and closing the vacuum pump (105); opening a pipeline of a second type of oil nozzle combination, wherein pipelines of other oil nozzle combinations are in a closed state; repeating the test of the second nozzle assembly according to the method in the step (1);
(3) continuously and repeatedly testing the third oil nozzle combination according to the method in the step (2) until the last oil nozzle combination is tested;
(4) and calculating the volume of the hydrate generated by each nozzle combination through data processing of the control device, and taking the nozzle combination mode with the minimum generated hydrate volume as the optimal nozzle combination mode.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of selecting a nozzle tip comprises: in the step (4), the method for calculating the volume of the hydrate generated by the nozzle assembly comprises the following steps:
measuring gas flow Q of gas flowmeter a (103) and gas flowmeter b (404) under test environment by ideal gas state equation PV-NRTa、QbConversion to gas flow rate Q under standard conditionsA、QB：
In the formula, PAThe wellhead pressure Pa measured by a wellhead pressure sensor I (202);
P0is standard atmospheric pressure, Pa;
TAa wellhead temperature, K, measured for a wellhead temperature sensor one (201);
T0is the temperature under standard conditions, K;
Qais the gas flow measured by the gas flowmeter a (103) under the test environment, m3/s；
PBThe wellhead pressure Pa measured by a second wellhead pressure sensor (309);
TBthe wellhead temperature measured by the temperature sensor, K;
QBgas flow rate, m, measured for gas flowmeter b (404) in a test environment3/s；
② according to the gas flow Q under the standard conditionA、QBCalculating the volume V of gas i in the test string (106) at the wellheadAiAnd volume V after completion of the experimentBi：
VAi＝∫QASAidt；
VBi＝∫QBSBidt；
In the formula, SAiIs the composition,%, of gas i measured by gas composition measuring apparatus a (203);
SBithe gas component measuring device b (405) measures the component,%, of the gas i after the experiment is completed;
t is experimental time, S;
third, according to the volume V of gas i at well headAiAnd volume V after completion of the experimentBiAnd calculating the volume of the gas i consumed for generating the hydrate:
Vi＝VAi-VBi；
fourthly, according to the volume of the consumed gas i, the volume V of the hydrate generated by the first-level oil nozzle (205) selected in the gas well test is calculatedH1：
In the formula, ρiDenotes the density of the gas i, Kg/m3；
ρHDenotes the density of the hydrate, Kg/m3；
XiRepresents the mole percent,%, of gas i hydrate;
Mirepresents the molar mass of gas i, Kg/mol;
MHrepresents the molar mass of the hydrate, Kg/mol.
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