CN113049363A - Heat exchanger tube-tube plate welding pull-out force experimental method - Google Patents
Heat exchanger tube-tube plate welding pull-out force experimental method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113049363A CN113049363A CN202110317788.9A CN202110317788A CN113049363A CN 113049363 A CN113049363 A CN 113049363A CN 202110317788 A CN202110317788 A CN 202110317788A CN 113049363 A CN113049363 A CN 113049363A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
Abstract
The invention relates to a heat exchanger tube-tube plate welding pull-off force experimental method, which belongs to the technical field of welding pull force experiments and aims to overcome the defects of low experimental accuracy, long experimental period and high experimental cost of the conventional experimental method. The experimental method can effectively improve the success rate of measurement, reduce the experimental times, save the experimental cost and greatly shorten the preparation period of the product technology.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of welding tension experiments, and particularly relates to a heat exchanger tube-tube plate welding pull-out force experiment method.
Background art:
at present, heat exchanger products are widely applied to thermal power high-pressure heaters, nuclear power high-pressure heaters and petrochemical container products, and the heat exchanger products all involve the welding of pipes and pipe plates. The mechanical properties of a pipe and pipe plate welding structure are generally inspected by adopting a pipe-pipe plate welding experiment, the experiment not only needs to carry out macroscopic detection and fillet weld leg dimension inspection on a welding joint, but also needs to carry out a pull-off force experiment on a pipe and pipe plate welding seam, and the bonding strength of the pipe and pipe plate welding seam is verified by measuring a force value. As shown in fig. 3, the tube and tube plate structures in common heat exchanger products are divided into a retracted type and an extended type, and at present, a tube-tube plate welding pull-out force experiment for a heat exchange tube is not clearly specified in the industry and related standards. As shown in fig. 4, the experimental process of the conventional pull-off force experimental method is as follows: firstly, one end of a tube-tube plate welding sample is firmly welded with a heat exchange tube 2 by a tube plug 5, the other end of the tube-tube plate welding sample is inserted into an ejector rod 6, then an electronic universal tester is used for applying pressure to the ejector rod 6, the ejector rod 6 transmits force to a welding seam structure of the tube plate 1 and the heat exchange tube 2, the heat exchange tube 2 can be ejected out of a tube plate hole of the tube plate 1 by the ejector rod 6 to fall off or the heat exchange tube is yielded due to the fact that the strength of the heat exchange tube is lower than the strength of the welding seam along with.
The existing tube-tube plate welding pull-out force experiment method of the heat exchange tube has the following defects: 1. the strength of the ejector rod material is often smaller than that of the pipe-pipe plate welding line, so that the ejector rod is bent in advance, and the measurement is inaccurate; 2. because the outer diameter of the ejector rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the heat exchange pipe, the ejector rod is easy to shake in the experimental process, so that the pressure cannot vertically act on the ejector rod, the ejector rod is easy to bend, and finally the measurement is inaccurate; 3. the welding quality of the pipe plug and the heat exchange pipe cannot be guaranteed, and when the strength of the welding line of the pipe plug and the heat exchange pipe is lower than that of the welding line of the pipe and the pipe plate, the pipe plug is easy to separate first, and the measurement is inaccurate. Due to the factors, the success rate of measurement in the conventional tube-tube plate welding pull-out force experiment process is lower than 60%, so that the tube-tube plate welding pull-out force experiment needs to be repeated for many times, and the technical preparation period and the experiment cost are increased.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention provides a heat exchanger tube-tube plate welding pull-out force experimental method for overcoming the defects of low experimental accuracy, long experimental period and high experimental cost caused by the existing experimental method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a heat exchanger tube-tube plate welding pull-out force experimental method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparation of a sample: preparing two tube plates and a heat exchange tube, respectively arranging tube plate holes on the two tube plates, respectively inserting two sides of the heat exchange tube into the tube plate holes of the tube plates, and realizing fixation through welding;
s2, experiment preparation stage: respectively clamping and fixing the tube plates at two ends of the sample by using a clamp of a universal experiment machine;
s3, experimental stage: starting the universal testing machine to enable the clamps to respectively perform vertical stretching movement towards two sides, and gradually increasing the tension value until the heat exchange tube yields, fractures or the welding line is broken and separated, and stopping the test;
and S4, obtaining an experimental tension value.
Preferably, the machining method of each tube plate as described in S1 is: firstly, forming a surfacing layer on one side of a tube plate in an electroslag surfacing mode, and then forming a tube plate hole on the tube plate.
Preferably, the weld overlay of each tube plate is fixed with the heat exchange tube by welding, and a welding seam is formed at the joint.
Preferably, both ends of the heat exchange tube are located in a tube plate hole of the tube plate, and the welding seam is located between the surfacing layer and the end of the heat exchange tube.
Preferably, both ends of the heat exchange tube penetrate out of a tube plate hole of the tube plate, and the welding line is positioned between the surfacing layer and the side wall of the heat exchange tube.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention changes the prior heat exchanger tube-tube plate welding pull-off force experimental method, can intuitively, quickly and accurately measure the tube-tube plate welding bonding strength by vertically stretching the tube plates fixed on the two sides of the heat exchange tube, verifies whether the tube-tube plate welding bonding strength of the heat exchanger product meets the use requirement, can avoid the current situations that the prior pull-off force measuring method has inaccurate measurement and more repeated measurement times because external factors such as an ejector rod, a tube plug and the like influence the experimental result, and provides reliable method basis for the tube-tube plate welding pull-off force measurement.
2. The experimental method is simple, convenient and efficient, flexible to operate, low in experimental cost and wide in application, is suitable for tube-plate welding structures formed by heat exchange tubes of various materials and specifications, and can also be suitable for tube-plate welding structures formed by heat exchange tubes of small diameters or made of high-strength steel SA-213T22 or nickel-based alloy and the like.
3. The experimental method can effectively improve the success rate of measurement, reduce the experimental times, save the experimental cost and greatly shorten the preparation period of the product technology.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an experimental method for a retractable structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an experimental method for an extended structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a welding structure of a tube and a tube plate in a heat exchanger, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of a retraction structure and (b) is a schematic diagram of an extension structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional experimental method, in which (c) is a schematic diagram of a method of a retraction structure and (d) is a schematic diagram of a method of an extension structure;
wherein: the tube comprises a tube plate 1, a heat exchange tube 2, a surfacing layer 3, a welding line 4, a tube plug 5 and a push rod 6.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention relates to a heat exchanger tube-tube plate welding pull-out force experimental method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of a sample: firstly preparing two tube plates 1 and at least ten heat exchange tubes 2, forming a surfacing layer 3 with the thickness of 6mm on one side of each tube plate 1 by means of electroslag surfacing, then arranging tube plate holes corresponding to the number of the heat exchange tubes 2 on the tube plates 1, respectively inserting the two sides of each heat exchange tube 2 into the tube plate holes of the tube plates 1, arranging the surfacing layers 3 towards the outer side, and realizing fixation of the surfacing layer 3 of each tube plate 1 and the heat exchange tubes 2 by welding and forming a welding seam 4 at the joint.
As shown in fig. 1, when the tube-tube plate welding structure adopts a retraction structure, both ends of the heat exchange tube 2 are located in the tube plate hole of the tube plate 1, and the welding seam 4 is located between the weld overlay 3 and the end of the heat exchange tube 2.
As shown in fig. 2, when the tube-tube plate welding structure adopts an extended structure, both ends of the heat exchange tube 2 penetrate through the tube plate hole of the tube plate 1, and the welding seam 4 is located between the weld overlay 3 and the side wall of the heat exchange tube 2.
S2, experiment preparation stage: and respectively clamping and fixing the tube plates 1 at the two ends of the sample by using a clamp of a universal experiment machine.
S3, experimental stage: and starting the universal testing machine to enable the clamps to respectively perform vertical tensile motion towards two sides, and gradually increasing the tensile force value until the heat exchange tube 2 yields and fractures or the welding line breaks away, and stopping the test.
And S4, obtaining an experimental tension value.
Examples
In the present embodiment, an extended heat exchange tube is taken as an example, a tube-tube plate sample is subjected to a pull-out force experiment by using the existing experimental method and the experimental method of the present embodiment, a tube plate 1 and a heat exchange tube 2 made of the same material are used, each experimental method is performed at least ten times, the tube plate 1 is made of an SA-387Gr22Cl2 steel plate, the specification of the steel plate is T40 +6mm, the alloy material for surfacing is Inconel625, the heat exchange tube 2 is made of an SB-168N06690 steel tube, the specification of the steel plate is Φ 25 × 2.0mm, and L is 110 mm. 20 tube-tube plate samples are welded together by using a Baolitsudi tube-tube plate automatic welding machine, and whether the different pull-off force test methods can meet the use requirements is verified respectively.
The specific steps of this example are as follows:
s1, preparation of a sample: preparing two tube plates 1 and heat exchange tubes 2, surfacing a nickel-based alloy surfacing layer 3 with the thickness of 6mm on each tube plate 1 by adopting electroslag, then respectively forming tube plate holes on the tube plates 1, respectively penetrating two ends of each heat exchange tube 2 into the tube plate holes of the tube plates 1, realizing fixation by welding, and carrying out heat treatment according to product requirements;
s2, experiment preparation stage: respectively clamping and fixing the tube plates 1 at two ends of the sample by using a clamp of a universal experiment machine;
s3, experimental stage: starting the universal testing machine to enable the clamps to respectively perform vertical stretching movement towards two sides, and gradually increasing the tension value until the heat exchange tube 2 yields, fractures or is separated from the weld joint in a fracture mode, and stopping the test;
and S4, obtaining an experimental tension value.
The test results of ten times of the prior test method and the test method of this example are shown in table 1,
TABLE 1
And (3) testing results: the tensile strength of the SB-168N06690 heat exchange tube 2 is not less than 515MP, and the bearable load 74.424 is not less than KN calculated according to the specification phi 25 multiplied by 2.0mm of the heat exchange tube 2, namely the value is the pull-off force qualified value, unit: KN.
As can be seen from Table 1: by adopting the pull-out force experiment method of the embodiment, the experiment result can be prevented from being influenced by external factors such as the ejector rod, the pipe plug and the like, the pull-out force value is directly obtained by measuring by adopting a stretching method, the pull-out force experiment value is directly, rapidly and accurately measured and then converted into the pipe-pipe plate welding line bonding strength, and the bonding strength is judged to meet the requirement.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and these embodiments are based on different implementations of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A heat exchanger tube-tube plate welding pull-out force experimental method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, preparation of a sample: preparing two tube plates (1) and a heat exchange tube (2), respectively arranging tube plate holes on the two tube plates (1), respectively inserting two sides of the heat exchange tube (2) into the tube plate holes of the tube plates (1) and realizing fixation through welding;
s2, experiment preparation stage: respectively clamping and fixing the tube plates (1) at two ends of the sample by using a clamp of a universal experiment machine;
s3, experimental stage: starting the universal testing machine to enable the clamps to respectively perform vertical stretching movement towards two sides, and gradually increasing the tension value until the heat exchange tube (2) yields or fractures or the welding line breaks away, and stopping the experiment;
and S4, obtaining an experimental tension value.
2. The heat exchanger tube-tube sheet welding pull-off force test method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the machining method of each tube sheet (1) as described in S1 is: firstly, a surfacing layer (3) is formed on one side of a tube plate (1) in an electroslag surfacing mode, and then a tube plate hole is formed in the tube plate (1).
3. The heat exchanger tube-tube sheet welding pull-off force test method as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the surfacing layer (3) of each tube plate (1) is fixed with the heat exchange tube (2) through welding, and a welding seam (4) is formed at the joint.
4. The heat exchanger tube-tube sheet welding pull-off force test method as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the two ends of the heat exchange tube (2) are located in the tube plate holes of the tube plate (1), and the welding seam (4) is located between the surfacing layer (3) and the end portion of the heat exchange tube (2).
5. The heat exchanger tube-tube sheet welding pull-off force test method as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the two ends of the heat exchange tube (2) penetrate out of the tube plate hole of the tube plate (1), and the welding seam (4) is located between the surfacing layer (3) and the side wall of the heat exchange tube (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110317788.9A CN113049363A (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2021-03-24 | Heat exchanger tube-tube plate welding pull-out force experimental method |
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| CN202110317788.9A CN113049363A (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2021-03-24 | Heat exchanger tube-tube plate welding pull-out force experimental method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114279781A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-05 | 上海卫星装备研究所 | Preparation device and preparation method of groove type heat pipe mechanical tensile sample |
| CN117664710A (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-03-08 | 武汉东海石化重型装备有限公司 | Heat exchanger tube-tube plate pull-out force test process |
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2021
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114279781A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-05 | 上海卫星装备研究所 | Preparation device and preparation method of groove type heat pipe mechanical tensile sample |
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| CN117664710B (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-04-16 | 武汉东海石化重型装备有限公司 | Heat exchanger tube-tube plate pull-out force test process |
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