CN113049319A - Negative pressure entering chamber type filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler - Google Patents
Negative pressure entering chamber type filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler Download PDFInfo
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- CN113049319A CN113049319A CN202110255088.1A CN202110255088A CN113049319A CN 113049319 A CN113049319 A CN 113049319A CN 202110255088 A CN202110255088 A CN 202110255088A CN 113049319 A CN113049319 A CN 113049319A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/24—Suction devices
Abstract
The invention relates to a negative pressure indoor filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler which comprises an inlet unit and an outlet unit, wherein the inlet unit is positioned outdoors, the outlet unit is positioned indoors, a dynamic device for leading outdoor air to flow indoors is arranged between the inlet unit and the outlet unit, a detachable filter membrane type microorganism collecting device is arranged in the outlet unit, and a hydrophobic coating is arranged in the whole device, so that microorganism breeding of equipment in the using process can be effectively avoided. The sampler can efficiently collect microorganisms entering the room from the outside, has the advantages of small volume, simplicity and easiness in installation, can be widely applied to microorganism collection work of various house structures, and provides technical support for scientific research work and prevention and intervention of public health management institutions on harmful microorganisms in time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sampling mechanical equipment, in particular to a sampler for collecting aerosol microorganisms entering a room from the outside based on a negative pressure principle and filter membrane equipment.
Background
Microbial exposure affects human health in different ways. Direct exposure to pathogens can lead to infection and exposure to various environmental microorganisms can also affect the health of the human immune system. With the rapid urbanization progress and the increasing energy consumption of rapid industrialization, the outdoor and indoor air pollution levels caused by industrial and automotive emissions continue to increase, which also leads to a significant increase in the incidence of respiratory diseases such as asthma. Wherein, the indoor air environment is closely related to the health of urban population, about 80% -90% of the time of the adults in the city is spent indoors, and the indoor time of some old people, babies and the like with inconvenient actions can reach 94%. Some pathogenic microorganisms cause indoor air pollution after indoor growth and propagation, and can cause eye irritation, allergy, asthma, dermatitis, morbid architectural syndrome and the like. Therefore, indoor microorganisms have become an important environmental hygiene problem and are also one of the hot spots of people's attention.
Various microorganisms exist in the air, and the microorganisms entering the room from the outside have important influence on the health of people, so that the sampling and analysis of the microorganisms are particularly important. At present, many researches on aerosol microorganism samplers are in existence at home and abroad. According to different sampling principles, the commonly used aerosol microorganism samplers can be divided into six categories: (1) impact sampler, comprising: solid, liquid, and gas-liquid mixed; (2) a sedimentation type sampler, which comprises a natural sedimentation type and a thermal sedimentation type; (3) an electrostatic adsorption sampler; (4) a cyclonic sampler; (5) a centrifugal impact sampler; (6) the filtering type sampler comprises a soluble filter membrane sample and an insoluble filter membrane sample. Compared with the six types of samplers, the filtering type sampler is relatively small in volume, but the existing filtering type sampler mainly aims at the collection of outdoor or indoor air microorganisms, and has defects in the collection of the air microorganisms entering the room from the outdoor.
In addition, the filter membrane, which is a key component of the existing filtering type sampler, is usually fixed in the device and is not easy to detach and replace. Currently used filtration membranes are mainly classified into two types: (1) HEPA filtration membrane: the filter membrane is made of special fiber layers, air can pass through the filter membrane, fine particles cannot pass through the filter membrane, the filter membrane is made of the material, the resistance is large, a motor is required to be arranged on equipment, the resistance is overcome through voltage, and the requirement on a dynamic device of the equipment is high; (2) air filter membrane: the adsorption of the active carbon to the tiny particles in the air is realized, but the filtering particle size of the material is limited, the material is mainly used for adsorbing the atmospheric particles, and the adsorption to the microorganisms is not obvious. Meanwhile, the filter membranes of the two materials cannot be hydrophobic, so that the risk of breeding microorganisms exists in the using process, and the sampling result is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects and shortcomings of the existing sampler for collecting air microorganisms entering a room from the outside, and provides a negative-pressure chamber filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler which is simple, convenient and easy to install and high in sampling efficiency.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a negative pressure indoor filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler comprises an inlet unit and an outlet unit, wherein the inlet unit is located outdoors, the outlet unit is located indoors, a dynamic device enabling outdoor gas to flow into the indoor space is arranged between the inlet unit and the outlet unit, and a detachable microorganism collecting device is arranged in the outlet unit.
As a preferred technical solution, the inlet unit includes an inlet housing and an inlet airflow channel mounted on the inlet housing;
the outlet unit comprises an outlet housing and an outlet airflow channel mounted on the outlet housing;
the inlet shell and the outlet shell are connected with the dynamic device;
the dynamic device is detachably mounted in the outlet airflow channel.
According to a preferable technical scheme, the inlet shell and the outlet shell are both composed of box-type structures, the inlet airflow channel and the outlet airflow channel are both pipelines bent by 90 degrees, the inlet airflow channel and the outlet airflow channel are respectively screwed on the inlet shell and the outlet shell, and the airflow channels are pipeline-type, so that the air circulation rate and the air stability are improved.
The sampler has the main functions of collecting microorganisms entering the room from the outside, the using environment is mostly the upper edge or the lower edge of a window, the opening of the pipeline positioned outdoors is bent for 90 degrees, and the pipe orifice is downward, so that the sampler not only accords with the structural characteristics of most windows, but also can prevent rainwater and the like from entering the pipeline, and the influence of weather factors such as rain/snow and the like on the sampling result is avoided. Meanwhile, the requirements of different window edge widths on the device can be met by replacing pipelines with different lengths.
Preferably, suction cups are mounted above and/or below the inlet and outlet housings, so that the entire device can be fixed both above (e.g. upper edge of window) and below (e.g. sill).
Preferably, the microorganism collecting device is composed of a filter membrane and metal fixing net covers on two sides, a mounting opening is formed in the outlet airflow channel, the microorganism collecting device is mounted in the outlet airflow channel through the mounting opening, and the filter membrane is perpendicular to the flow direction of the gas in the outlet airflow channel.
As a preferred technical scheme, the outer side of the microorganism collecting device is fixed and sealed with the outlet airflow channel through an arc-shaped fixing clamp, and a metal fixing net cover of the microorganism collecting device is provided with a lifting ring, so that the filter membrane can be conveniently taken out and replaced.
As a preferred technical scheme, the filter membrane is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and has a hydrophobic characteristic, so that the filter membrane of the sampler is prevented from breeding microorganisms in the using process, and interference on the sampling result is avoided. Meanwhile, the material can resist organic solvents and can be used for the extraction and analysis of subsequent microorganisms.
Preferably, the dynamic device comprises a multi-blade wind wheel and a power supply connected with the multi-blade wind wheel, in the working state of the multi-blade wind wheel, a low-pressure area is formed on one side of the outlet unit, a positive-pressure area is formed on one side of the inlet unit, and the outside air flows to the indoor space under the action of the air pressure difference.
According to a preferable technical scheme, the power supply is a battery or a rechargeable power supply, and the power supply is connected with a switch for regulating and controlling the working state of the multi-blade wind wheel.
As a preferred technical scheme, the whole inner wall of the sampler is coated with a hydrophobic coating to reduce the adsorption and deposition of microorganism particles on the inner wall.
The main technical principle of the invention is as follows:
(1) the sampler is divided into an outdoor part and an indoor part which are connected through a kinetic device, and the microorganism collecting device is arranged inside a pipeline positioned indoors to ensure that collected microorganisms enter the indoor part from the outdoor part.
(2) The invention utilizes the rotation of the wind wheel blade to discharge the air in the space to form a low-pressure area, and the outdoor air enters the pipeline under the action of the air pressure difference and passes through the filter membrane to realize the collection of microorganisms in the aerosol.
(3) The filter membrane adopted by the invention is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, has the hydrophobic characteristic, and prevents the filter membrane of the sampler from breeding microorganisms during the use process, thereby causing interference on the sampling result. Meanwhile, the material can resist organic solvents and can be used for the extraction and analysis of subsequent microorganisms.
(4) The interior of the device is sprayed with the hydrophobic material, so that the problem of bacterial breeding caused by overhigh humidity inside the sampler in the long-term use process can be solved.
Compared with the existing air microorganism sampler, the air microorganism sampler has the advantages that:
(1) the invention has small volume, light weight and simple structure, and is convenient for sampling personnel to carry, install and use.
(2) The existing sampler collects indoor or outdoor microorganisms, and cannot trace the sources of the microorganisms indoors and outdoors. The invention communicates the indoor and the outdoor, realizes the collection of the microorganisms entering the indoor from the outdoor, provides powerful technical support for the public health management organization to monitor the harmful microorganisms in time, and also provides reliable data for scientific research personnel to further explore the influence mechanism of outdoor environmental factors on the composition of the indoor microorganisms and the human health.
(3) The existing sampler is generally powered by alternating current, needs a temporary dragging power supply, is inconvenient to operate and cannot be used in places without alternating current sockets. The invention adopts the battery pack for power supply, thereby not only overcoming the dependence of the equipment on an alternating current socket, but also ensuring continuous and stable power supply, and further ensuring the working efficiency of the equipment.
(4) Most of the existing filtering type samplers fix the filter membrane in the device, and although the collection accuracy is guaranteed, the filter membrane is inconvenient to replace.
(5) The invention is provided with symmetrical suckers above and below the box-type structure and is used for fixing the whole equipment. Through the adjustment to the sucking disc, make the sample thief both can fix above (like window upper limb), also can fix below (like window lower limb), when expanding the application range of equipment, also reduced the installation degree of difficulty.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a negative pressure chamber-entering filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the negative pressure chamber-entering filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the negative pressure chamber-entering filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the working principle of the kinetic device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an exploded structure of the microorganism collection apparatus of the present invention;
wherein: 1-an inlet airflow channel; 2-an outlet airflow channel; 3-an inlet housing; 4-an outlet housing; 5-a kinetic device; 51-a multi-vane wind wheel; 6-arc fixing clip; 7-a sucker; 8-a switch; 9-a microorganism collection device; 91-filtration membrane; 92-metal fixed mesh enclosure; 93-bails.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a negative pressure indoor filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler comprises an inlet unit located outdoors and an outlet unit located indoors, wherein a kinetic device 5 enabling outdoor air to flow indoors is arranged between the inlet unit and the outlet unit, and a detachable microorganism collecting device 9 is arranged in the outlet unit. Wherein the inlet unit comprises an inlet housing 3 and an inlet airflow channel 1 mounted on the inlet housing 3; the outlet unit comprises an outlet housing 4 and an outlet airflow channel 2 mounted on the outlet housing 4; the inlet shell 3 and the outlet shell 4 are connected with the dynamic device 5; the kinetic device 5 is removably mounted in the outlet flow channel 2.
As shown in fig. 5, the microorganism collecting device 9 is composed of a filter membrane 91 and metal fixing mesh covers 92 at two sides, a mounting opening is formed on the outlet airflow channel 2, the microorganism collecting device 9 is mounted in the outlet airflow channel 2 through the mounting opening, and the filter membrane 91 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the gas in the outlet airflow channel. The outer side of the microorganism collecting device is fixed and sealed with the outlet airflow channel through an arc-shaped fixing clamp 6, and a lifting ring 93 is arranged on a metal fixing net cover of the microorganism collecting device. During the use, the filter membrane is placed in the centre of two metal mesh enclosures, and metal mesh enclosure's top is fixed with the bail, makes things convenient for the extraction and the placing of filter membrane in the pipeline, can carry out the change of filter membrane at any time according to the sampling demand.
The shell is of a box-type structure and is divided into an outdoor part and an indoor part, two ends of the shell are respectively connected with an airflow channel, threads are arranged at the joint of the two airflow channels and the middle box-type structure, and a user can replace pipelines with different lengths according to sampling requirements.
The inlet shell and the outlet shell are both formed by box-type structures, the inlet airflow channel and the outlet airflow channel are both pipelines bent by 90 degrees, the inlet airflow channel and the outlet airflow channel are respectively screwed on the inlet shell and the outlet shell, and the airflow channels are pipeline-type, so that the air circulation rate and the air stability are improved. The sampler has the main functions of collecting microorganisms entering the room from the outside, the using environment is mostly the upper edge or the lower edge of a window, the opening of the pipeline positioned outdoors is bent for 90 degrees, and the pipe orifice is downward, so that the sampler not only accords with the structural characteristics of most windows, but also can prevent rainwater and the like from entering the pipeline, and the influence of weather factors such as rain/snow and the like on the sampling result is avoided. Meanwhile, the requirements of different window edge widths on the device can be met by replacing pipelines with different lengths. By mounting the suction cup 7 above the box structure, the whole device can be fixed both above (e.g. the upper edge of a window) and below (e.g. a window sill).
The dynamic device 5 of the sampler is positioned in the middle box-shaped structure and consists of a switch 8, a multi-blade wind wheel 51 and a battery pack. The switch 8 is used to regulate the operating state of the device. The battery pack is composed of a plurality of batteries, and batteries with different types can be used instead according to actual requirements, or different voltages can be output by changing the connection mode (series connection or parallel connection) of the batteries so as to meet the normal working requirements of the wind wheel. The sampler not only overcomes the dependence of the conventional sampler on an alternating current power supply interface, but also can provide stable output voltage and ensure the stable and continuous operation of the multi-blade wind wheel by supplying power through the battery pack. When the multi-blade wind wheel is in a working state, air in the space is discharged to form a low-pressure area, the front side of the wind wheel is a positive-pressure area, the rear side of the wind wheel is a negative-pressure area (as shown in figure 4), and external air enters an airflow pipeline under the action of air pressure difference.
The negative pressure indoor filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler adopts the polytetrafluoroethylene as the filter membrane material, has the hydrophobic characteristic, and prevents the sampler from breeding microorganisms in the using process, thereby causing interference to the sampling result. Meanwhile, the material can resist organic solvents and can be used for the extraction and analysis of subsequent microorganisms. The inside spraying of device has hydrophobic material, can avoid long-term use in-process, because of sample thief inside humidity is too high, causes the problem that bacterial growing.
The principle of the invention is as follows: before the instrument works, a user firstly selects airflow pipelines with different lengths according to the width of a sampling site and installs the airflow pipelines by means of threads. Then the arc-shaped fixing clamp is taken down, the microorganism collecting device is taken out through the lifting ring, the polytetrafluoroethylene filter membrane which is sterilized in advance is placed between the two metal net covers, and then the metal net cover with the filter membrane is placed in the airflow pipeline again and is fixed by the arc-shaped fixing clamp. The whole device is fixed on the sampling point through a sucker. And according to the sampling time, the switch is placed in a corresponding gear position, and the instrument starts to work. And when the sampling is finished, the switch is placed in an OFF gear. And taking down the arc-shaped fixing clamp, and taking out the filter membrane positioned in the metal net cover for subsequent extraction and analysis. When the instrument is used, the rotating speed of the wind wheel can be adjusted at any time through the switch to obtain different airflow fluxes, and sampling can also be stopped at any time.
The invention can be applied to other imaginable fields such as scientific experimental research and the like. It is to be understood that the foregoing description and drawings are only illustrative of the principles of the invention, and that the detailed description given above in connection with the specific embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention. Therefore, it is not desired to limit the invention to the specific embodiments disclosed and the specific constructions and operations described. All suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to as falling within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The negative pressure indoor filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler is characterized by comprising an inlet unit and an outlet unit, wherein the inlet unit is located outdoors, the outlet unit is located indoors, a dynamic device enabling outdoor gas to flow indoors is arranged between the inlet unit and the outlet unit, and a detachable microorganism collecting device is arranged in the outlet unit.
2. The negative pressure chamber-entering filter membrane aerosol sampler of claim 1, wherein the inlet unit comprises an inlet housing and an inlet airflow channel mounted on the inlet housing;
the outlet unit comprises an outlet housing and an outlet airflow channel mounted on the outlet housing;
the inlet shell and the outlet shell are connected with the dynamic device;
the dynamic device is detachably mounted in the outlet airflow channel.
3. The negative pressure chamber-entering filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inlet housing and the outlet housing are both made of box-type structures, the inlet airflow channel and the outlet airflow channel are both 90-degree bent pipes, and the inlet airflow channel and the outlet airflow channel are respectively screwed on the inlet housing and the outlet housing.
4. A negative pressure chamber-entering filter membrane aerosol sampler according to claim 3, wherein the suction cups are arranged above and/or below the inlet housing and the outlet housing.
5. The negative pressure inlet chamber type filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler as claimed in claim 2, wherein the microorganism collecting device is composed of a filter membrane and metal fixing net covers at two sides, the outlet airflow channel is provided with a mounting opening, the microorganism collecting device is mounted in the outlet airflow channel through the mounting opening, and the filter membrane is perpendicular to the flow direction of the gas in the outlet airflow channel.
6. The negative pressure chamber-entering filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler as claimed in claim 5, wherein the microorganism collection device is fixed and sealed with the outlet airflow channel through an arc-shaped fixing clamp, and a metal fixing mesh cover of the microorganism collection device is provided with a lifting ring.
7. The negative pressure chamber-entering filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler of claim 5, wherein the material of the filter membrane is polytetrafluoroethylene.
8. The negative pressure chamber-entering filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic device comprises a multi-blade wind wheel and a power supply connected with the multi-blade wind wheel, and in the working state of the multi-blade wind wheel, a low pressure area is formed on one side of the outlet unit, and a positive pressure area is formed on one side of the inlet unit.
9. The negative pressure inlet chamber type filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler of claim 8, wherein the power supply is a battery or a rechargeable power supply, and the power supply is connected with a switch for regulating and controlling the working state of the multi-vane wind wheel.
10. A negative pressure chamber-entering filter membrane aerosol sampler as claimed in claim 9, wherein the whole inner wall of the sampler is coated with a hydrophobic coating.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110255088.1A CN113049319A (en) | 2021-03-09 | 2021-03-09 | Negative pressure entering chamber type filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler |
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| CN202110255088.1A CN113049319A (en) | 2021-03-09 | 2021-03-09 | Negative pressure entering chamber type filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler |
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| CN202110255088.1A Pending CN113049319A (en) | 2021-03-09 | 2021-03-09 | Negative pressure entering chamber type filter membrane aerosol microorganism sampler |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114045217A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-02-15 | 至美时代生物智能科技(北京)有限公司 | Air microorganism sampling device and air microorganism sampling and detecting integrated device |
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