CN113048943A - Equipment and method for rapidly measuring water surface elevation in complex flow state - Google Patents
Equipment and method for rapidly measuring water surface elevation in complex flow state Download PDFInfo
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- CN113048943A CN113048943A CN202110279342.1A CN202110279342A CN113048943A CN 113048943 A CN113048943 A CN 113048943A CN 202110279342 A CN202110279342 A CN 202110279342A CN 113048943 A CN113048943 A CN 113048943A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000003187 abdominal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004441 surface measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 108010066057 cabin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000683 abdominal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D47/00—Equipment not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses equipment and a method for rapidly measuring the water surface elevation in a complex flow state. The invention has the advantages that the major safety risk that the operator needs to arrive at the site for water surface measurement is eliminated; make up traditional unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey not enough that can not implement under weather conditions such as night, rain fog, highlight.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle distance measurement, in particular to equipment and a method for rapidly measuring water surface elevation in a complex flow state.
Background
The traditional surveying and mapping adopts manpower, and carries out coordinate and elevation measurement by utilizing equipment such as a total station and a GPS, but in the traditional surveying and mapping method, the following defects exist: the elevation of river and lake surfaces is generally approximately measured on the lakeside, but for emergency relief disasters such as sudden torrential floods, debris flows, barrage lakes and the like with remote disaster occurrence places, no measurement control network points are arranged nearby, accurate measurement cannot be performed, and meanwhile, the system is generally difficult to reach a disaster body and measure at the first time and has poor timeliness; the manual measurement of the water sideline is generally suitable for river surfaces and lake surfaces with small river slope and relatively stable water flow states, works around high-risk geological disasters such as mountain floods, mud-rock flows, barrage lakes and the like, the flow state of a water body is complex, the water surface elevation changes greatly in time and space, and a group of water surface elevation values are generally obtained by one-time measurement. Meanwhile, the operation safety risk is high, and measuring personnel even can not reach the water edge easily; when the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey carries out air-to-three processing, generally the air-to-three effect is poor and effective point cloud data cannot be formed aiming at objects with smooth surfaces, strong reflection, single textures or form change, such as glass, static water surfaces, single color blocks, turbulent rivers and the like; or the null-triplet operation fails, and the point cloud data cannot be acquired. Even if partial water surface textures can be generated, results can be obtained only after internal operation treatment, the timeliness is poor, and meanwhile, poor space-time three effects represent that the measurement accuracy cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide equipment and a method for rapidly measuring water surface elevation in a complex flow state.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an apparatus for rapidly measuring water surface elevation in a complex flow state comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle abdominal cabin, a first external lead, a second external lead and a balancing weight; a measuring circuit is arranged below the abdominal cabin of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and comprises a power supply and a current sensor; one end of the power supply is connected with one end of the current sensor, the other end of the power supply is connected with one end of a first fuse through a wire interface, and the other end of the first fuse is connected with a first metal ring; the other end of the current sensor is connected with one end of a second fuse through a wire interface, and the other end of the second fuse is connected with a second metal ring; the first external lead penetrates through the first metal ring to be connected with the balancing weight, and the bottom end of the first external lead penetrates out of the balancing weight; the second external lead penetrates through the second metal ring to be connected with the balancing weight, and the bottom end of the second external lead penetrates out of the balancing weight; the first external lead and the second external lead are both exposed leads.
Preferably, the equipment further comprises a coil, wherein a first groove and a second groove are formed in the coil, the first groove is used for placing the first external lead, the second groove is used for placing the second external lead, and the first groove and the second groove are arranged in parallel.
The first external lead and the second external lead are respectively wound on the coils, so that the first external lead and the second external lead are collected and paid off in a centralized manner, the external leads wound on the first groove and the second groove are not connected with each other, and the first external lead and the second external lead are not contacted with each other.
The first external lead and the second external lead are both high-resistance leads, the resistance of which is consistent with the magnitude order of the resistance of the current sensor, and the purpose is small error in calculation.
Preferably, be equipped with first input window and second input window on the unmanned aerial vehicle abdominal cabin, the coil sets up on the unmanned aerial vehicle abdominal cabin, first outside wire pass first input window first becket with the balancing weight is connected, second outside wire pass the second input window the second becket with the balancing weight is connected.
First input window and second input window block the wire under the normal condition, make it fixed, when putting in the operation through the instruction, two on the unmanned aerial vehicle abdominal cavity put in the window and open, and the wire is free fall state and transfers under balancing weight action of gravity, until the contact surface of water.
Preferably, the wire joint is a plug structure.
The plug structure is adopted to replace the coil, the fuse and the metal ring part after the measurement is finished.
Preferably, equipment still includes the sliding block, the sliding block pass through the wire with the power is connected, be equipped with the metal strip that matches each other with first fuse and second fuse on the sliding block respectively, the sliding block is used for measuring the back at the equipment to the surface of water elevation, will first fuse with the second fuse is connected, fuses the circuit.
After unmanned aerial vehicle has accomplished the measurement to the surface of water elevation, just need control the metal strip on the sliding block and be connected with first fuse and second fuse, form short circuit loop, under the effect of electric current, with first fuse and second fuse fusing.
The invention also discloses a method for rapidly determining the water surface elevation in the complex flow state, which adopts the equipment for rapidly determining the water surface elevation in the complex flow state, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: hovering the unmanned aerial vehicle above a water surface to be detected, and opening a first launching window and a second launching window;
s2: finishing the paying-off of the first external lead and the second external lead with known lengths at one time;
s3: adjusting the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and contacting the first external lead and the second external lead with the water surface;
s4: whether the circuit is connected or not is judged through the current sensor, if the circuit is connected, and meanwhile, the altitude data H of the unmanned aerial vehicle is obtained1If not, repeating the steps S3-S4;
s5: based on unmanned aerial vehicle elevation data H1Length l of the first external lead2Or the second external lead length l1Obtaining the water surface elevation t1。
The invention also discloses a method for rapidly determining the water surface elevation in the complex flow state, which adopts the equipment for rapidly determining the water surface elevation in the complex flow state, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: obtaining the resistance R of the current sensor in the measuring circuit1The resistivity rho of the external lead, the cross section area S, the power supply voltage U and the value of the length h of the internal lead of the measuring circuit;
s2: hovering the unmanned aerial vehicle above the water surface to be measured to acquire altitude data H of the unmanned aerial vehicle2；
S3: throwing the first external lead and the second external lead to the water surface to be measured, so that the first external lead and the second external lead are both contacted with the water surface to be measured;
s4: acquiring a current I value on the current sensor;
s5: parameter-based current sensor resistance value R1Resistivity rho, cross-sectional area S, power supply voltage U and current I, and the length of an external lead in the measuring circuit is l2；
S6: based on unmanned aerial vehicle elevation data H2Measuring circuit internal conductor h and external conductor length l2Obtaining the absolute elevation t of the water surface2。
The definition of the internal conductor h of the measuring circuit is: the internal conductor h is the part connecting the power supply, the current sensor and the conductor interface, i.e. the length of the conductor inside the measuring circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. by adopting the equipment and the method for rapidly measuring the water surface elevation in the complex flow state, provided by the invention, through controlling the position of the unmanned aerial vehicle, when the equipment is used in special emergency disaster relief scenes such as mountain floods, debris flows, barrier lakes and the like, personnel can be far away from the water surface and a dangerous source for operation, so that the major safety risk of field operation is eliminated;
2. by adopting the equipment and the method for rapidly measuring the water level elevation in the complex flow state, the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey needs the post air-to-air treatment to obtain the water level elevation, and the time is long. The method can avoid the above situation, and the water level data of the measuring points can be measured at the first time on site, when the water levels of different measuring points at different time periods need to be known, only the unmanned aerial vehicle needs to measure for many times, thereby improving the operation efficiency compared with manual measurement;
3. by adopting the equipment and the method for rapidly measuring the water surface elevation in the complex flow state, provided by the invention, the operation can be carried out in non-extreme weather (such as rainstorm and hurricane), so that the influence of weather such as night, rain fog, strong light and the like on aerial survey of the traditional unmanned aerial vehicle is avoided;
4. the equipment and the method for rapidly measuring the water surface elevation in the complex flow state have the advantages of low cost, small occupied volume, capability of being integrated on aerial survey unmanned aerial vehicles of different brands, capability of being matched with the aerial survey unmanned aerial vehicles to operate during use, no need of additionally adding equipment and good compatibility.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an upper portion of an abdominal cabin of an unmanned aerial vehicle
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a wire interface
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a measurement circuit
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a coil
FIG. 5 is a side view of the apparatus
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example one
The embodiment discloses equipment for rapidly measuring the water surface elevation in a complex flow state, which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle abdominal cabin 1, a first external lead 4, a second external lead 5 and a balancing weight 16, as shown in fig. 1-5; a measuring circuit 3 is arranged below the abdominal cabin 1 of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the measuring circuit 3 comprises a power supply 6 and a current sensor 7, and the given voltage in the measuring circuit 3 is a fixed voltage; one end of a power supply 6 is connected with one end of the current sensor 7, the other end of the power supply 6 is connected with one end of a first fuse 10 through a lead interface 9, and the other end of the first fuse 10 is connected with a first metal ring 12; the other end of the current sensor 7 is connected with one end of a second fuse 11 through a lead interface 9, and the other end of the second fuse 11 is connected with a second metal ring 13; the first external lead 4 passes through the first metal ring 12 to be connected with a balancing weight 16, the bottom end of the first external lead 4 penetrates out of the balancing weight 16, the balancing weight 16 is arranged at the tail ends of the first external lead 4 and the second external lead 5, and the purpose is to pull and put down the leads to be in contact with the water surface through the weight of the balancing weight 16, so that a loop is formed among the first external lead 4, the second external lead 5 and the measuring circuit 3; the second external lead 5 passes through the second metal ring 13 to be connected with the balancing weight 16, and the bottom end of the second external lead 5 penetrates out of the balancing weight 16; the first external lead 4 and the second external lead 5 are both bare leads.
The first external lead 4 and the second external lead 5 are both exposed leads, and only when the first external lead 4 is connected with the first metal ring 12 and the second external lead 5 is connected with the second metal ring 12, no loop is formed, and when the tail ends of the two leads are both contacted with the water surface, a loop can be formed with the measuring circuit.
The device further comprises a coil 2, wherein a first groove 17 and a second groove 18 are formed in the coil 2, the first groove 17 is used for placing the first external lead 4, the second groove 18 is used for placing the second external lead 5, and the first groove 17 and the second groove 18 are arranged in parallel.
The first groove 17 and the second groove 18 which are arranged on the coil 2 are two grooves which are mutually irrelevant, and the first external lead 4 on the first groove 17 and the second external lead 5 on the second groove 18 are exposed leads which are mutually unconnected, and the exposed leads are mainly arranged to be connected with the first metal ring 12 and the second metal ring 13 respectively, when the first external lead 4 and the second external lead 5 are both contacted with the water surface, a circuit loop can be formed by the exposed leads and the measuring circuit 3, the reading can be displayed on the current sensor 7, and the length of the loop leads can be calculated by reading the reading on the current sensor 7.
Be equipped with first input window 14 and second input window 15 on the unmanned aerial vehicle abdominal compartment 1, coil 2 sets up on the unmanned aerial vehicle abdominal compartment 1, first outside wire 4 passes first input window 14, first becket 12 is connected with balancing weight 16, and second outside wire 5 passes the second input window 15, second becket 13 is connected with balancing weight 16.
When coil 2 sets up on unmanned aerial vehicle abdominal cabin 1, first outside wire 4 passes first input window 14 and is connected with first becket 12, and second outside wire 5 passes second input window 15 and is connected with second becket 13, and first input window 14 and second input window 15 interval certain distance between 15, guarantee that first outside wire 4 and second outside wire 5 all do not contact each other.
The equipment still includes sliding block 8, and 8 one end of sliding block passes through wire and power connecting wire, and is equipped with the metal strip that matches each other with first fuse 10 and second fuse 11 on it respectively, measures the back when the equipment is to the surface of water elevation, removes sliding block 8 and is connected first fuse 10 and second fuse 11 through the metal strip through unmanned aerial vehicle control signal, causes the short circuit and fuses the circuit this moment. After the absolute elevation of the surface of water has been measured at every turn, in order to guarantee unmanned aerial vehicle flight safety, the wire that need will emit separates with the fuselage, makes survey line and fuselage separation through above-mentioned operation this moment. When the novel fuse is used next time, the novel coil 2, the novel interface 9 and other parts are replaced, and the replaced structure comprises a wire interface 9, a sliding block 8, a first fuse 10, a second fuse 11, a first metal ring 12 and a second metal ring 13.
The working principle is as follows:
the present embodiment is operable over the horizon or within the distance of the horizon, depending on the length of the first and second external wires 4, 5.
When the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for operating in the sight distance of the unmanned aerial vehicle, namely, a short wire with a known length is adopted, and after the wire is placed down at one time, the unmanned aerial vehicle is operated to descend until the wire contacts the water surface; if the length of the conducting wire is known, the circuit is directly judged to be switched on without the current value according to the sensor. Read out unmanned aerial vehicle elevation data H this moment1And directly subtracting the wire length l1I.e. the absolute elevation of the water surface.
For guarantee flight safety after the measurement finishes, usable unmanned aerial vehicle control sliding block 8 removes, and the metal strip that sliding block 8 contains after the removal links to each other and causes the short circuit with first fuse 10 and second fuse 11 simultaneously, fuses first fuse 10 and second fuse 11 this moment, and unmanned aerial vehicle cabin outside wire is promptly separated with the fuselage under the action of gravity. When the wire is used next time, a new coil 2 and a new wire interface 9 are directly replaced, and the wire penetrates through the metal ring again and is connected with the balancing weight.
When being used for unmanned aerial vehicle beyond visual range to operate, hover unmanned aerial vehicle at a fixed height, and acquire the absolute elevation for ground through unmanned aerial vehicle, put in the operation this moment, first outside wire 4 and second outside wire 5 are under balancing weight 16's effect, free fall and with the surface of water contact, make measurement return circuit and first outside wire 4 and second outside wire 5 form the return circuit, read current sensor 7's reading in the return circuit, calculate and draw coil length in the return circuit, and by wire length in the known inner loop and unmanned aerial vehicle elevation this moment, can calculate the length that obtains the outside wire. After the measurement is accomplished, usable unmanned aerial vehicle control sliding block 8 removes, and the metal strip that sliding block 8 contains after the removal is connected with first fuse 10 and second fuse 11 simultaneously to cause the end short circuit of first fuse 10 and second fuse 11, the first fuse 10 of fusing this moment and second fuse 11, unmanned aerial vehicle cabin outside wire separates with the fuselage promptly under the action of gravity. When the wire is used next time, a new coil 2 and a new wire interface 9 are directly replaced, and the wire penetrates through the metal ring again and is connected with the balancing weight.
Example two
The embodiment is based on equipment for rapidly determining the water surface elevation in the complex flow state, and discloses a method for rapidly determining the water surface elevation in the complex flow state, wherein the measuring method is a step of measuring in a sight distance, and the method comprises the following steps: when the method is used for measuring the elevation of the water surface, the length of the first external lead 4 and the length of the second external lead 5 are known, and when the measurement is carried out in the range of the sight distance of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: hovering the unmanned aerial vehicle above the water surface to be detected, and opening a first launching window 14 and a second launching window 15;
s2: finishing the one-time paying-off of the first external lead 4 and the second external lead 5 with known lengths;
s3: adjusting the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and contacting the first external lead 4 and the second external lead 5 with the water surface;
when first outside wire 4 and second outside wire 5 just contacted with the surface of water, the length of first outside wire 4 or second outside wire 5 is exactly the distance height of unmanned aerial vehicle to the surface of water, consequently can directly judge whether current in the current sensor has specific value size to stop unmanned aerial vehicle's position.
S4: whether the circuit is connected or not is judged through the current sensor 7, if the circuit is connected, and meanwhile, the altitude data H of the unmanned aerial vehicle is obtained1If not, repeating the steps S3-S4;
when the current value of the current sensor 7 is just stable, it is indicated that the first external lead 4 and the second external lead 5 form a loop of a circuit through the water surface, and the distance between the first external lead 4 and the second external lead 5 is the distance between the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the water surface.
S5: based on unmanned aerial vehicle elevation data H1Length l of the first external lead 42Or the second external lead length l1Obtaining the water surface elevation t1。
Elevation t of water surface1The specific expression of (A) is as follows: t is t1＝H1-l1Or t1＝H1-l2。
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment is based on equipment for rapidly determining the water surface elevation in the complex flow state, and discloses a method for rapidly determining the water surface elevation in the complex flow state, which is a method for measuring the water surface elevation in the beyond-the-horizon state of an unmanned aerial vehicle, and comprises the following steps:
s1: obtaining the current sensor resistance R in the measuring circuit 31The resistivity rho of the external lead, the cross section area S, the voltage U of the power supply 6 and the length h of the internal lead of the measuring circuit 3;
s2: hovering the unmanned aerial vehicle above the water surface to be measured to acquire altitude data H of the unmanned aerial vehicle2；
S3: putting the first external lead 4 and the second external lead 5 on the water surface to be measured, so that the first external lead 4 and the second external lead 5 are both in contact with the water surface to be measured;
s4: acquiring a current I value on the current sensor 7;
s5: parameter-based current sensor resistance value R1Resistivity rho, cross-sectional area S, voltage U of power supply 6 and current I, and the length l of an external lead in the measuring circuit 3 is obtained2；
S6: based on unmanned aerial vehicle elevation data H2Measuring circuit 3 internal conductor h and external conductor length l2Obtaining the absolute elevation t of the water surface2。
Absolute elevation t of water surface2The specific expression of (A) is as follows:
the above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The equipment for rapidly measuring the water surface elevation in a complex flow state is characterized by comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle abdominal cabin (1), a first external lead (4), a second external lead (5) and a balancing weight (16); a measuring circuit (3) is arranged below the abdominal cabin (1) of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the measuring circuit (3) comprises a power supply (6) and a current sensor (7); one end of the power supply (6) is connected with one end of the current sensor (7), the other end of the power supply (6) is connected with one end of a first fuse (10) through a lead interface (9), and the other end of the first fuse (10) is connected with a first metal ring (12); the other end of the current sensor (7) is connected with one end of a second fuse (11) through a wire interface (9), and the other end of the second fuse (11) is connected with a second metal ring (13); the first external lead (4) penetrates through the first metal ring (12) to be connected with the balancing weight (16), and the bottom end of the first external lead (4) penetrates out of the balancing weight (16); the second external lead (5) penetrates through the second metal ring (13) to be connected with the balancing weight (16), and the bottom end of the second external lead (5) penetrates out of the balancing weight (16); the first external lead (4) and the second external lead (5) are both exposed leads.
2. The apparatus for rapid determination of water level in complex flow state according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a coil (2), a first groove (17) and a second groove (18) are provided on the coil (2), the first groove (17) is used for placing the first external lead (4), the second groove (18) is used for placing the second external lead (5), and the first groove (17) and the second groove (18) are arranged in parallel.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle abdominal cabin (1) is provided with a first throwing window (14) and a second throwing window (15), the coil (2) is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle abdominal cabin (1), the first external wire (4) passes through the first throwing window (14), the first metal ring (12) is connected with the counterweight (16), and the second external wire (5) passes through the second throwing window (15), the second metal ring (13) is connected with the counterweight (16).
4. The apparatus for rapid determination of water surface elevation in complex flow state according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the wire interface (9) is a plug structure.
5. The apparatus for rapidly determining the water level elevation in the complex flow state according to claim 4, wherein the apparatus further comprises a sliding block (8), the sliding block (8) is connected with the power supply (6) through a wire, the sliding block (8) is respectively provided with metal strips matched with the first fuse (10) and the second fuse (11), and the sliding block (8) is used for connecting the first fuse (10) and the second fuse (11) after the apparatus measures the water level elevation to fuse the circuit.
6. A method for rapidly measuring the water surface elevation in a complex flow state is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: hovering the unmanned aerial vehicle above a water surface to be detected, and opening a first launching window (14) and a second launching window (15);
s2: finishing the paying-off of the first external lead (4) and the second external lead (5) with known lengths in one step;
s3: adjusting the height of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and contacting the first external lead (4) and the second external lead (5) with the water surface;
s4: whether the circuit is connected or not is judged through the current sensor (7), if the circuit is connected, and meanwhile, the altitude data H of the unmanned aerial vehicle is obtained1If not, repeating the steps S3-S4;
s5: based on unmanned aerial vehicle elevation data H1The length l of the first external lead (4)2Or the second external lead length l1Obtaining the water surface elevation t1。
7. A method for rapidly measuring the water surface elevation in a complex flow state is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: obtainTaking the resistance R of the current sensor in the measuring circuit (3)1The resistivity rho of the external lead, the cross section area S, the voltage U of the power supply (6) and the length h of the internal lead of the measuring circuit (3);
s2: hovering the unmanned aerial vehicle above the water surface to be measured to acquire altitude data H of the unmanned aerial vehicle2；
S3: putting the first external lead (4) and the second external lead (5) to the water surface to be measured, so that the first external lead (4) and the second external lead (5) are both contacted with the water surface to be measured;
s4: acquiring a current I value on the current sensor (7);
s5: parameter-based current sensor resistance value R1Resistivity rho, cross-sectional area S, voltage U of a power supply (6) and current I, and the length of an external lead in the measuring circuit (3) is l2；
S6: based on unmanned aerial vehicle elevation data H2Measuring circuit (3) internal conductor h and external conductor length l2Obtaining the absolute elevation t of the water surface2。
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