CN113048019B - Gust detection method, gust controller and wind power generation system - Google Patents
Gust detection method, gust controller and wind power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113048019B CN113048019B CN201911376893.9A CN201911376893A CN113048019B CN 113048019 B CN113048019 B CN 113048019B CN 201911376893 A CN201911376893 A CN 201911376893A CN 113048019 B CN113048019 B CN 113048019B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
- G01P13/0006—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement of fluids or of granulous or powder-like substances
- G01P13/004—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement of fluids or of granulous or powder-like substances by using the rotation of vanes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/02—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring forces exerted by the fluid on solid bodies, e.g. anemometer
- G01P5/06—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring forces exerted by the fluid on solid bodies, e.g. anemometer using rotation of vanes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/322—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters the detection or prediction of a wind gust
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
A gust detection method, a gust controller and a wind power generation system are provided. The gust detection method comprises the following steps: determining the thrust force experienced by the wind turbine; determining a speed of a tower of the wind turbine in a fore-aft direction; determining an acceleration of a tower of the wind turbine in a fore-aft direction; calculating a gust intensity based on the thrust, the velocity, and the acceleration; detecting the presence of a wind gust by comparing the calculated gust intensity with a predetermined threshold.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power, in particular to a gust detection method, a gust controller and a wind power generation system.
Background
The presence or absence of wind gusts typically affects the performance of the wind power system. Therefore, the detection of wind gusts is very important for wind power generation systems.
Existing gust detection methods typically use lidar to measure wind speed ahead of the wind turbine to detect gusts before they strike the wind turbine. However, lidar is often expensive to manufacture, so that the cost of detecting wind gusts is greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is to provide a gust detection method, a gust controller, and a wind power generation system.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a gust detection method including: determining the thrust force experienced by the wind turbine; determining a speed of a tower of the wind turbine in a fore-aft direction; determining an acceleration of a tower of the wind turbine in a fore-aft direction; calculating a wind gust intensity based on the thrust, the velocity, and the acceleration; detecting the presence of a wind gust by comparing the calculated gust intensity with a predetermined threshold.
Optionally, detecting the presence of a gust when the calculated gust intensity is greater than a predetermined threshold; the absence of a gust is detected when the calculated gust intensity is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold.
Optionally, the predetermined threshold corresponds to a wind gust of extreme operation of the wind turbine.
Optionally, the step of calculating a gust intensity based on the thrust, the velocity and the acceleration comprises: applying a first weight, a second weight, and a third weight to the thrust, the velocity, and the acceleration, respectively; first summing a result of the thrust being applied with a first weight, a result of the velocity being applied with a second weight, and a result of the acceleration being applied with a third weight to obtain a gust intensity index, and calculating a gust intensity based on the gust intensity index.
Optionally, the step of calculating the gust intensity based on the gust intensity index comprises: applying a fourth weight to the thrust variation experienced by the wind turbine; and performing second summation on the result of the fourth weighting applied to the gust intensity index and the thrust variation, and taking a second summation result obtained by the second summation as the gust intensity.
Optionally, the thrust variation experienced by the wind turbine is filtered using a notch filter before said thrust variation is applied with the fourth weight.
Optionally, the step of calculating the gust intensity based on the gust intensity index comprises: counting based on the gust intensity index using a counter; and taking the count value output by the counter as the gust intensity.
Optionally, the gust intensity index is calculated periodically or non-periodically, the step of counting based on the gust intensity index comprising: when the difference between the gust intensity index at the second moment and the gust intensity index at the first moment before the second moment is larger than a first threshold value, increasing the count value of the counter at the first moment by a first value to be used as the count value of the counter at the second moment; when the difference between the gust intensity index at the second time instant and the gust intensity index at the first time instant is less than a second threshold value, decreasing the count value of the counter at the first time instant by a second value as the count value of the counter at the second time instant, wherein the count value output by the counter is initialized to an initial value in response to the blades of the wind turbine being at a high pitch angle for a period of a predetermined length.
Optionally, the step of counting based on the gust intensity index further comprises: and when the difference between the gust intensity index at the second moment and the gust intensity index at the first moment is less than or equal to a first threshold value and greater than or equal to a second threshold value, reducing the count value of the counter at the first moment by using a forgetting factor as the count value of the counter at the second moment, wherein the forgetting factor is a value greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1.
Optionally, the gust detection method further includes: low pass filtering the gust intensity index using a low pass filter, wherein the step of calculating the gust intensity based on the gust intensity index comprises: and taking the gust intensity index after low-pass filtering as the gust intensity.
Optionally, the gust detection method further includes: and performing anti-saturation control on the count value output by the counter, wherein the step of taking the count value output by the counter as the gust intensity comprises the following steps: and taking the counting value output by the counter after the anti-saturation control as the gust intensity.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out any one of the gust detection methods as described above.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, there is provided a gust controller comprising: a processor; a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program which, when executed by the processor, implements any of the gust detection methods described above.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a wind power generation system is provided, comprising: a gust controller as described above.
The gust detection method of the present invention can calculate the gust intensity based on the thrust received by the wind turbine, the speed of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction, and the acceleration of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction, and provides a gust detection scheme that is less expensive while ensuring the accuracy of the calculation of the gust estimated intensity, compared to the use of expensive lidar to calculate the gust intensity.
In addition, the gust detection method of the present invention can calculate the gust intensity by applying the same or different weights in consideration of the thrust force received by the wind turbine, the speed of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction, and the same or different degrees of influence of the acceleration of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction on the gust, thereby ensuring the accuracy of calculating the gust intensity.
In addition, the gust detection method of the present invention can filter the signal component of the 3p frequency from the signal corresponding to the thrust variation received by the wind turbine using the notch filter, thereby eliminating the interference of the signal component of the 3p frequency to the calculation of the gust intensity and improving the accuracy of calculating the gust intensity.
In addition, the gust detection method can reflect the thrust variation trend sensed by the wind turbine through the variation of the counting value output by the counter, and further can detect the gust as early and accurately as possible all the time. In addition, the gust detection method can slowly reduce the count value by using the scaling factor over time under the condition that the first value of the count value self-increment and the second value of the count value self-decrement are not generated, so that the count value is ensured to always stably and controllably indicate the gust intensity.
In addition, the gust detection method can reduce the delay of the count value reduction to gust detection under the condition of non-gust by performing anti-saturation control on the count value output by the counter, thereby optimizing the gust detection performance.
Drawings
The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which illustrate, by way of example, an example in which:
fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method of wind gust detection according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a gust controller according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elements throughout. The embodiments are described below in order to explain the present invention by referring to the figures.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method of wind gust detection according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, in step S110, the thrust force experienced by the wind turbine is determined.
As one non-limiting example, the thrust experienced by a wind turbine may be indicative of thrust in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the blades. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the direction of the thrust received by the wind turbine may be predetermined as the thrust in other directions. Furthermore, in the present invention, the thrust force experienced by the wind turbine may be determined periodically or aperiodically.
Here, the thrust force experienced by the wind turbine may be determined by various existing methods. For example, the thrust force experienced by the wind turbine may be determined by sensors. As another example, the thrust force experienced by the wind turbine may be determined by a combination of sensors and a processor.
In step S120, the speed of the tower of the wind turbine in the fore-and-aft direction is determined, and in step S130, the acceleration of the tower of the wind turbine in the fore-and-aft direction is determined.
As a non-limiting example, the fore-aft direction of the tower of the wind turbine may indicate a direction perpendicular to the plane of the blades. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the fore-and-aft direction of the tower of the wind turbine may be predetermined to be other directions having a predetermined angle with respect to a direction perpendicular to the plane of the blade.
In a preferred embodiment, the speed of the tower may be indicative of the speed of the top of the tower and the acceleration of the tower may be indicative of the acceleration of the top of the tower.
Here, the speed and acceleration of the tower of the wind turbine in the fore-aft direction may be determined by various existing methods. For example, the speed and acceleration of the tower of the wind turbine in the fore-aft direction may be determined by sensors. For another example, the speed and acceleration of the tower of the wind turbine in the fore-aft direction may be determined by a combination of sensors and a processor. For another example, the speed of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction may be determined, and then the acceleration of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction may be calculated based on the determined speed of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction.
Further, in the present invention, the steps S110 to S130 may be performed periodically or non-periodically. For example, when the thrust force to which the wind turbine is subjected, the speed of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction, and the acceleration of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction are determined at any one time, the gust intensity at that any one time is calculated accordingly.
In step S140, a gust intensity is calculated based on the thrust, the velocity, and the acceleration.
In the present invention, a gust detection scheme is provided that is less expensive while ensuring the accuracy of calculating the estimated gust intensity, compared to using expensive lidar to calculate the gust intensity, by calculating the gust intensity based on the thrust received by the wind turbine, the speed of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction, and the acceleration of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the gust intensity may be calculated by: applying a first weight, a second weight, and a third weight to a thrust force received by the wind turbine, a speed of the tower of the wind turbine in a front-rear direction, and an acceleration of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction, respectively; first summing a result of applying a first weight to a thrust force received by the wind turbine, a result of applying a second weight to a speed of the tower of the wind turbine in a front-rear direction, and a result of applying a third weight to an acceleration of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction to obtain a gust intensity index, and calculating a gust intensity based on the gust intensity index. That is, in this exemplary embodiment, the gust intensity is calculated by applying the same or different weights in consideration of the thrust force to which the wind turbine is subjected, the speed of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction, and the same or different degrees of influence of the acceleration of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction on the gust, thereby ensuring the accuracy of calculating the gust intensity.
Here, the first weight, the second weight, and the third weight may be predetermined weights. For example, the first weight, the second weight, and the third weight may be obtained through simulation and/or experiment. Further, the first weight, the second weight, and the third weight may be the same as or different from each other. Alternatively, the first weight, the second weight, and the third weight may be subjected to normalization processing.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of calculating the gust intensity based on the gust intensity index may include: applying a fourth weight to the thrust variation experienced by the wind turbine; and performing second summation on the result that the gust intensity index and the thrust variation received by the wind turbine are subjected to fourth weighting, and taking a second summation result obtained through the second summation as the gust intensity.
According to the preferred embodiment, since the gust intensity is calculated using the thrust variation experienced by the wind turbine to which the fourth weight is applied in further consideration of the influence of the thrust variation experienced by the wind turbine on the gust intensity, the accuracy of calculating the gust intensity is further improved.
Here, the fourth weight may be a predetermined weight, similar to the first weight, the second weight, and the third weight. For example, the fourth weight may be obtained through simulation and/or experimentation. Further, the fourth weight may be the same as or different from the first weight, the second weight, and the third weight. Alternatively, the fourth weight may be subjected to normalization processing.
Further, optionally, the thrust variation experienced by the wind turbine may be filtered using a notch filter before the fourth weight is applied. Here, the notch filter may filter a signal component of a 3p frequency from a signal corresponding to a thrust variation received by the wind turbine, thereby eliminating interference of the signal component of the 3p frequency with the calculation of the gust intensity and improving accuracy of calculating the gust intensity, wherein the 3p frequency is a frequency 3 times a rotation frequency of the rotor.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the gust detection method may further include: and low-pass filtering the gust intensity index by using a low-pass filter. At this time, the low-pass filtered gust intensity index may be taken as the gust intensity.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of calculating the gust intensity based on the gust intensity index may comprise: and counting based on the gust intensity index by using a counter, and taking the counting value output by the counter as the gust intensity.
Specifically, when the difference between the gust intensity index at the second time and the gust intensity index at the first time before the second time is greater than the first threshold, the count value of the counter at the first time is incremented by the first value to be the count value of the counter at the second time. That is, if the gust intensity index at the current time is greater than the gust intensity index at the previous time by a first threshold value, i.e., there is a tendency for the gust to increase, the count value of the counter at the current time may be equal to the result of summing the gust intensity index at the previous time and the first value, i.e., the count value of the counter at this time is self-increasing by the first value. It should be noted that the first time and the second time herein denote relative times, not absolute times. That is, the time difference between the second time and the first time may correspond to a period of any length.
Here, the first threshold value and the first value may have predetermined values, respectively. For example, the first threshold value and the first value may be obtained by simulation and/or experiment. As an example, the first threshold value is a number greater than 0, and the first value is a number greater than 0.
When the difference between the gust intensity index at the second time and the gust intensity index at the first time is smaller than the second threshold value, the count value of the counter at the first time is decremented by the second value as the count value of the counter at the second time. That is, if the gust intensity index at the current time is smaller than the gust intensity index at the previous time by a second threshold value, i.e., there is a tendency for the gust to decrease, the count value of the counter at the current time may be equal to the result of summing the gust intensity index at the previous time with the first value, i.e., the count value of the counter at this time is self-decreasing by a second value.
Here, the second threshold value and the second value may have predetermined values, respectively. For example, the second threshold and the second value may be obtained by simulation and/or experiment. As an example, the second threshold value is a number smaller than 0, and the second value is a number larger than 0.
Additionally, responsive to the blades of the wind turbine being at a predetermined pitch angle (e.g., by way of non-limiting example, the pitch angle is greater than 20 degrees) for a period of predetermined length, the count value output by the counter is initialized to an initial value. Here, the blades of the wind turbine being at the predetermined pitch angle for a period of the predetermined length may correspond to a situation where a gust is not present or is very small (e.g. the strength of the gust is below a predetermined threshold). In other words, when a gust is not present or is very small (e.g., the gust intensity is below a predetermined threshold), the count value output by the counter will remain at the initial value. Therefore, the counting value output by the counter can always correctly reflect the total trend of the gust, and therefore, the gust intensity can always be accurately calculated. As a non-limiting example, the initial value may be 0. However, the present invention does not limit the size of the initial value, and the initial value may be any other predetermined value. Further, although the exemplary example in which the predetermined pitch angle indicates a pitch angle greater than 20 degrees is shown above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the predetermined pitch angle of the present invention may indicate a pitch angle greater than other specific angle examples according to the design need.
Optionally, when a difference between the gust intensity index at the second time and the gust intensity index at the first time is less than or equal to a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, the count value of the counter at the first time is decremented using a forgetting factor as the count value of the counter at the second time, wherein the forgetting factor is a value greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1.
As a non-limiting time, if the difference between the gust intensity index at the current time and the gust intensity index at the previous time is less than or equal to a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, the count value of the counter at the current time is equal to the product of the count value of the counter at the previous time and the forgetting factor.
By using the forgetting factor as described above, the count value can be slowly decreased over time without the count value self-incrementing the first value and the count value self-decrementing the second value occurring, thereby ensuring that the count value is always stably and controllably indicative of the gust intensity.
Preferably, the gust detection method further comprises performing anti-saturation control on the count value output by the counter. The count value output from the counter after the anti-saturation control is taken as the gust intensity. Anti-saturation control is a control method commonly used in the control field, and therefore, here, the anti-saturation control is not specifically described. By carrying out anti-saturation control on the count value output by the counter, the delay caused by the count value reduction under the non-gust condition on gust detection can be reduced, and therefore the gust detection performance is optimized.
Although various exemplary embodiments are shown above to calculate the gust intensity based on thrust, velocity and acceleration, the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other method of calculating the gust intensity based on thrust, velocity and acceleration is also possible.
In step S150, the presence or absence of a gust is detected by comparing the calculated gust intensity with a predetermined threshold.
Here, the presence of a gust is detected when the calculated gust intensity is greater than a predetermined threshold. The absence of a gust is detected when the calculated gust intensity is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold.
According to an example embodiment of the invention, the predetermined threshold may correspond to an Extreme Operating Gust (EOG) of the wind turbine. Here, the predetermined threshold may be a predetermined threshold. For example, the predetermined threshold may be obtained by simulation and/or experiment.
Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a gust controller according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, a gust controller 200 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a processor 210 and a memory 220. Here, the memory 220 stores a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor 220, implements any of the gust detection methods described with reference to fig. 1. For simplicity, any of the gust detection methods described with reference to fig. 1 performed by processor 220 will not be described again here.
Further, the method according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may be implemented as a computer program in a computer-readable recording medium. The computer program may be implemented by a person skilled in the art from the description of the method described above. The above-described method of the present invention is implemented when the computer program is executed in a computer.
Furthermore, it should be understood that the respective units in the device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may be implemented as hardware components and/or software components. The individual units may be implemented, for example, using Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), depending on the processing performed by the individual units as defined by the skilled person.
Further, according to an example embodiment of the invention, the invention also provides a wind power generation system comprising the gust controller of fig. 2. For example, the wind power generation system may perform or execute a predetermined operation (e.g., using a pitch kick, activating a tower damper, etc.) according to the gust detection result of the gust controller so that the wind power generation system operates with good performance even in the presence of the gust.
The gust detection method of the present invention can calculate the gust intensity based on the thrust received by the wind turbine, the speed of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction, and the acceleration of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction, and provides a gust detection scheme that is less expensive while ensuring the accuracy of the calculation of the gust estimated intensity, compared to the use of expensive lidar to calculate the gust intensity.
In addition, the gust detection method of the present invention can calculate the gust intensity by applying the same or different weights in consideration of the thrust force received by the wind turbine, the speed of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction, and the same or different degrees of influence of the acceleration of the tower of the wind turbine in the front-rear direction on the gust, thereby ensuring the accuracy of calculating the gust intensity.
In addition, the gust detection method of the present invention can filter the signal component of the 3p frequency from the signal corresponding to the thrust variation received by the wind turbine using the notch filter, thereby eliminating the interference of the signal component of the 3p frequency to the calculation of the gust intensity and improving the accuracy of calculating the gust intensity.
In addition, the gust detection method of the present invention can always correctly reflect the general trend of the gust by using the count value output by the counter, and therefore, the gust intensity can always be accurately calculated.
In addition, the gust detection method can slowly reduce the count value by using the scaling factor over time under the condition that the first value of the count value self-increment and the second value of the count value self-decrement are not generated, so that the count value is ensured to always stably and controllably indicate the gust intensity.
In addition, the gust detection method can reduce the delay of the count value reduction to gust detection under the condition of non-gust by performing anti-saturation control on the count value output by the counter, thereby optimizing the gust detection performance.
While the present disclosure includes particular examples, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims and their equivalents. The examples described herein are to be considered merely as illustrative and not restrictive. The description of features or aspects in each example should be considered applicable to similar features or aspects in other examples. Suitable results may be achieved if the described techniques are performed in a different order and/or if components in the described systems, architectures, devices, or circuits are combined in a different manner and/or replaced or supplemented by other components or their equivalents. Therefore, the scope of the disclosure is defined not by the detailed description but by the claims and their equivalents, and all changes within the scope of the claims and their equivalents are to be construed as being included in the disclosure.
Claims (13)
1. A method of gust detection, the method comprising:
determining the thrust force experienced by the wind turbine;
determining a speed of a tower of the wind turbine in a fore-aft direction;
determining an acceleration of a tower of the wind turbine in a fore-aft direction;
calculating a wind gust intensity based on the thrust, the velocity, and the acceleration;
detecting the presence of a wind gust by comparing the calculated gust intensity with a predetermined threshold,
wherein calculating a gust intensity based on the thrust, the velocity and the acceleration comprises:
applying a first weight, a second weight, and a third weight to the thrust, the velocity, and the acceleration, respectively;
first summing a result of the thrust being applied with a first weight, a result of the velocity being applied with a second weight, and a result of the acceleration being applied with a third weight to obtain a gust intensity index, and calculating a gust intensity based on the gust intensity index.
2. A gust detection method according to claim 1, wherein the presence of a gust is detected when the calculated gust intensity is greater than a predetermined threshold;
the absence of a gust is detected when the calculated gust intensity is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold.
3. A gust detection method according to claim 2, wherein the predetermined threshold value corresponds to a limit operating gust of the wind turbine.
4. The gust detection method of claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the gust intensity based on the gust intensity index comprises:
applying a fourth weight to the thrust variation experienced by the wind turbine;
and performing second summation on the result of the fourth weighting applied to the gust intensity index and the thrust variation, and taking a second summation result obtained by the second summation as the gust intensity.
5. A method of detecting a gust according to claim 4, wherein the thrust variations experienced by the wind turbine are filtered using a notch filter before the fourth weight is applied to the thrust variations.
6. The gust detection method of claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the gust intensity based on the gust intensity index comprises:
counting based on the gust intensity index using a counter;
and taking the count value output by the counter as the gust intensity.
7. A gust detection method according to claim 6, wherein a gust intensity index is calculated periodically or non-periodically,
the counting based on the gust intensity index includes:
when the difference between the gust intensity index at the second moment and the gust intensity index at the first moment before the second moment is larger than a first threshold value, increasing the count value of the counter at the first moment by a first value to be used as the count value of the counter at the second moment;
when the difference between the gust intensity index at the second time and the gust intensity index at the first time is less than a second threshold value, decreasing the count value of the counter at the first time by a second value as the count value of the counter at the second time,
wherein the count value output by the counter is initialized to an initial value in response to the blades of the wind turbine being at the predetermined pitch angle for a period of predetermined length.
8. A gust detection method according to claim 7,
the step of counting based on the gust intensity index further comprises:
when the difference between the gust intensity index at the second time and the gust intensity index at the first time is less than or equal to a first threshold value and greater than or equal to a second threshold value, the count value of the counter at the first time is reduced by a forgetting factor to be used as the count value of the counter at the second time,
wherein the forgetting factor is a value greater than 0 and equal to or less than 1.
9. A gust detection method according to claim 1, wherein the gust detection method further comprises: the gust intensity index is low pass filtered using a low pass filter,
wherein the step of calculating the gust intensity based on the gust intensity index comprises: and taking the gust intensity index after low-pass filtering as the gust intensity.
10. A gust detection method according to claim 6, wherein the gust detection method further comprises: the counter value output by the counter is subjected to anti-saturation control,
wherein, the step of taking the count value output by the counter as the gust intensity comprises: and taking the counting value output by the counter after the anti-saturation control as the gust intensity.
11. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the gust detection method of any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. A gust controller, the gust controller comprising:
a processor;
a memory for storing a plurality of data to be transmitted,
wherein the memory stores a computer program which, when executed by the processor, implements a gust detection method as claimed in any one of claims 1-10.
13. A wind power generation system, the wind power generation system comprising:
the gust controller of claim 12.
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| ES2301400B1 (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2009-05-01 | GAMESA INNOVATION & TECHNOLOGY S.L. | METHOD OF REDUCTION OF LOADS IN AN AEROGENERATOR. |
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| WO2010060772A2 (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-03 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Control strategy for wind turbine |
| NL2005400C2 (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-03-28 | Stichting Energie | Method and system for wind gust detection in a wind turbine. |
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