CN113047948B - Free piston generator based on rigid connection - Google Patents
Free piston generator based on rigid connection Download PDFInfo
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- CN113047948B CN113047948B CN202110269854.XA CN202110269854A CN113047948B CN 113047948 B CN113047948 B CN 113047948B CN 202110269854 A CN202110269854 A CN 202110269854A CN 113047948 B CN113047948 B CN 113047948B
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- generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B71/00—Free-piston engines; Engines without rotary main shaft
- F02B71/04—Adaptations of such engines for special use; Combinations of such engines with apparatus driven thereby
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
- F02B33/02—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps
- F02B33/06—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps with reciprocating-piston pumps other than simple crankcase pumps
- F02B33/22—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps with reciprocating-piston pumps other than simple crankcase pumps with pumping cylinder situated at side of working cylinder, e.g. the cylinders being parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B41/00—Engines characterised by special means for improving conversion of heat or pressure energy into mechanical power
- F02B41/02—Engines with prolonged expansion
- F02B41/06—Engines with prolonged expansion in compound cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
- H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1869—Linear generators; sectional generators
- H02K7/1876—Linear generators; sectional generators with reciprocating, linearly oscillating or vibrating parts
- H02K7/1884—Linear generators; sectional generators with reciprocating, linearly oscillating or vibrating parts structurally associated with free piston engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
- F02B2075/1808—Number of cylinders two
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A free piston generator based on rigid connection belongs to the technical field of power energy. The invention solves the problems of low power generation efficiency and poor stability of the existing free piston generator. The linear generator set comprises a shell, a rotor mandrel, a stator coil and a generator rotor, each internal combustion engine set comprises a high-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder, and two high-pressure pistons and two low-pressure pistons are fixedly connected with four connecting shafts in a one-to-one correspondence manner to realize synchronous action of the two internal combustion engine sets. The high-pressure piston and the low-pressure piston are rigidly connected through the rotor mandrel, a transmission device is not needed, and the structural complexity is effectively reduced. The reliability and the stability of the operation of the whole unit are greatly improved, the potential safety hazard is reduced to the maximum extent, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a free piston generator based on rigid connection, and belongs to the technical field of power energy.
Background
With the continuous development of society, the demand of people on energy is increasing day by day, and the energy problem has become the main problem that restricts the further development of all trades. Among various forms of energy, electric energy is one of the most widely used energy, and electric energy is mainly provided by diesel engines in the industries of vehicles, ships and the like. In the traditional diesel engine power generation process, the energy transmission form is firstly that the chemical energy of fuel is converted into mechanical energy output by a crankshaft through diesel engine combustion, and then the mechanical energy drives a motor to generate power and convert the power into electric energy. The whole energy conversion process is carried out through more steps, and meanwhile, along with the complex mechanical structure of the diesel engine, a large part of energy is lost, so that the overall power generation efficiency is low. A Free Piston Linear Alternator (FPLA) is a novel energy conversion device, which couples a free piston internal combustion engine and a linear generator to directly convert chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, and has higher power generation efficiency and economic performance compared with a conventional internal combustion engine power generation process, and thus is receiving more and more attention.
Aiming at the existing double free piston generator, because the working cycle in a single free piston generator cylinder has little difference with a common internal combustion engine, the combustion heat efficiency is not obviously improved, and the traditional arrangement form of the double free piston generator, such as the connection of a turbine and a worm rod, can not bring great contribution to the improvement of the combustion heat efficiency, therefore, the improvement of the heat efficiency of the double free piston generator becomes a big problem restricting the development of the double free piston generator; in addition, the traditional double-free-piston generator arrangement mode such as turbine and worm rod connection has a series of problems of poor stability and the like, and great potential safety hazards are brought to the operation of the whole generator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low power generation efficiency and poor stability of the conventional free piston generator, and further provides a free piston generator based on rigid connection.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a free piston generator based on rigid connection comprises a linear generator set and two internal combustion engine sets arranged at two ends of the linear generator set, wherein the linear generator set comprises a shell, a rotor mandrel, a stator coil and a generator rotor, the rotor mandrel is movably arranged on the shell in a penetrating manner, the rotor mandrel comprises a main shaft body and connecting shafts which are fixedly arranged at two ends of the main shaft body in a pairwise symmetrical manner, the stator coil is fixedly arranged in the shell and coaxially sleeved outside the rotor mandrel, and the generator rotor is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the main shaft body and is positioned between the stator coil and the main shaft body;
each internal combustion engine set comprises a high-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder, wherein the high-pressure cylinder comprises a high-pressure cylinder body and a high-pressure piston, a fuel injector, a high-pressure intake valve and a high-pressure exhaust valve are mounted at the closed end of the high-pressure cylinder body, the low-pressure cylinder comprises a low-pressure cylinder body and a low-pressure piston, a low-pressure intake valve, a low-pressure exhaust valve, an exhaust gas inlet and an air outlet valve are mounted at the closed end of the low-pressure cylinder body, an intercooler is connected between the air outlet valve and the high-pressure intake valve, and an exhaust gas communicating pipe is connected between the high-pressure exhaust valve and the exhaust gas inlet;
the two high-pressure pistons and the two low-pressure pistons are fixedly connected with the four connecting shafts in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and synchronous action of the two sets of internal combustion engine units is achieved.
Furthermore, springs are respectively and fixedly arranged between the two ends of the generator rotor and the shell.
Further, the number of the high-pressure intake valves mounted on each high-pressure cylinder is two.
Further, the stroke of the low pressure cylinder is the same as that of the high pressure cylinder.
Furthermore, the volume and the inner diameter of the high-pressure cylinder body are both smaller than those of the low-pressure cylinder body.
Further, piston rings are mounted on the high-pressure piston and the low-pressure piston.
Further, cylinder covers are mounted on the high-pressure cylinder body and the low-pressure cylinder body, and a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are mounted on each cylinder cover.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
air is compressed in two stages in a low-pressure cylinder and a high-pressure cylinder of the internal combustion engine unit respectively, so that the air inlet pressure is improved; in addition, the burned working medium is expanded in two stages in the high-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder respectively, so that the energy utilization rate of waste gas is greatly improved. Thereby, the maximum burst pressure of the cylinder of the present invention is significantly improved compared to the prior art.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the two cylinders work simultaneously and are connected on the same shaft, so that the working efficiency is greatly improved.
The high-pressure piston and the low-pressure piston are rigidly connected through the rotor mandrel, a transmission device is not needed, and the structural complexity is effectively reduced. The reliability and the stability of the operation of the whole unit are greatly improved, the potential safety hazard is reduced to the maximum extent, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the high-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder in the internal combustion engine set.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a free piston generator based on rigid connection, which includes a linear generator set and two internal combustion engine sets arranged at two ends of the linear generator set, wherein the linear generator set includes a housing 2, a rotor core shaft 4, a stator coil 1 and a generator rotor 3, the rotor core shaft 4 movably penetrates the housing 2, the rotor core shaft 4 includes a main shaft body and connecting shafts 42 fixed at two ends of the main shaft body 41 in a pairwise symmetry manner, the stator coil 1 is fixed in the housing 2 and coaxially sleeved outside the rotor core shaft 4, and the generator rotor 3 is coaxially fixed on the main shaft body 41 and located between the stator coil 1 and the main shaft body 41;
each internal combustion engine set comprises a high-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder, wherein the high-pressure cylinder comprises a high-pressure cylinder body 14 and a high-pressure piston 15, a fuel injector 16, a high-pressure air inlet valve 13 and a high-pressure exhaust valve 17 are installed at the closed end of the high-pressure cylinder body 14, the low-pressure cylinder comprises a low-pressure cylinder body 8 and a low-pressure piston 9, a low-pressure air inlet valve 6, a low-pressure exhaust valve 7, an exhaust gas inlet 11 and an air outlet valve 10 are installed at the closed end of the low-pressure cylinder body 8, an intercooler 12 is connected between the air outlet valve 10 and the high-pressure air inlet valve 13, and an exhaust gas communicating pipe 18 is connected between the high-pressure exhaust valve 17 and the exhaust gas inlet 11;
the two high-pressure pistons 15 and the two low-pressure pistons 9 are fixedly connected with the four connecting shafts 42 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that synchronous action of the two sets of internal combustion engine units is realized.
One end of each of the four connecting shafts is fixedly connected with the main shaft body integrally, the other end of each of the four connecting shafts is located outside the shell, and the high-pressure piston and the low-pressure piston are fixedly connected with the other ends of the four connecting shafts respectively.
The working principle is as follows:
the internal combustion engine set drives the rotor mandrel 4 to move, and the generator rotor 3 cuts the magnetic induction lines generated by the stator coil 1 to generate electricity.
Air enters a low-pressure cylinder 8 from a low-pressure air inlet valve 6, is compressed in a first stage under the action of a low-pressure piston 9, and enters an intercooler 12 for cooling from an air outlet valve 10.
The compressed air in the intercooler 12 enters the high pressure cylinder 14 through the high pressure intake valve 13 and undergoes a second stage compression by the action of the high pressure piston 15.
After the compression process is finished, the fuel oil is sprayed by the fuel injector 16, the combustion process occurs in the high-pressure cylinder 14, the fuel gas pushes the high-pressure piston 15 to perform first-stage expansion, the expanded fuel gas flows out to the waste gas communicating pipe 18 through the high-pressure exhaust valve 17, then flows into the low-pressure cylinder 8 through the waste gas inlet 11 to push the low-pressure piston 9 to perform second-stage expansion, and finally the expanded fuel gas is discharged to the external environment through the low-pressure exhaust valve 7.
The high-pressure cylinder adopts a compression ignition method, and the mixed gas is self-ignited after oil injection.
The air is firstly compressed in the first stage in the low-pressure cylinder group in the internal combustion engine set and then compressed in the second stage in the high-pressure cylinder, so that the air inlet pressure of the internal combustion engine is effectively improved, the average effective pressure in the working process is favorably improved, and the heat efficiency and the power generation efficiency of the free piston generator are improved.
The burnt working medium is firstly expanded in a first stage in the high-pressure cylinder and then expanded in a second stage in the low-pressure cylinder, so that the energy utilization rate of waste gas is effectively improved, the expansion work is increased, and the heat efficiency and the power generation efficiency of the free piston generator are further improved.
The high-pressure piston and the low-pressure piston are rigidly connected through the rotor mandrel, a transmission device is not needed, and the structural complexity is effectively reduced. The reliability and the stability of the operation of the whole unit are greatly improved, the potential safety hazard is reduced to the maximum extent, and the cost is reduced.
And springs 5 are respectively fixedly arranged between the two ends of the generator rotor 3 and the shell 2. So design, realize carrying on spacingly to generator active cell 3's motion through spring 5, prevent that generator active cell 3 from colliding the casing and the piston from colliding the top.
The number of the high-pressure intake valves 13 mounted on each high-pressure cylinder 14 is two. By such design, the volumetric efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder 14 is improved.
The low pressure cylinder has the same stroke as the high pressure cylinder.
The volume and the inner diameter of the high-pressure cylinder 14 are smaller than those of the low-pressure cylinder 8. The utility model provides a generator is in high temperature environment, and the high-pressure cylinder volume and the surface area that are responsible for the burning are less, can reduce the heat transfer loss of working process, improve energy utilization.
Piston rings are mounted on the high-pressure piston 15 and the low-pressure piston 9. By the design, the lubricating effect in the cylinder is improved, and air and fuel gas leakage is prevented.
The high-pressure cylinder body 14 and the low-pressure cylinder body 8 are both provided with cylinder covers, and each cylinder cover is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. By the design, the working state in the cylinder body is effectively monitored.
Claims (7)
1. A free piston generator based on rigid connection, characterized in that: the linear generator set comprises a linear generator set and two internal combustion engine sets arranged at two ends of the linear generator set, wherein the linear generator set comprises a shell (2), a rotor mandrel (4), a stator coil (1) and a generator rotor (3), the rotor mandrel (4) is movably arranged on the shell (2) in a penetrating manner, the rotor mandrel (4) comprises a main shaft body and connecting shafts (42) which are fixedly arranged at two ends of the main shaft body (41) in a pairwise symmetry manner, the stator coil (1) is fixedly arranged in the shell (2) and coaxially sleeved outside the rotor mandrel (4), and the generator rotor (3) is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the main shaft body (41) and is positioned between the stator coil (1) and the main shaft body (41);
each internal combustion engine set comprises a high-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder, wherein the high-pressure cylinder comprises a high-pressure cylinder body (14) and a high-pressure piston (15), a fuel injector (16), a high-pressure air inlet valve (13) and a high-pressure exhaust valve (17) are installed at the closed end of the high-pressure cylinder body (14), the low-pressure cylinder comprises a low-pressure cylinder body (8) and a low-pressure piston (9), a low-pressure air inlet valve (6), a low-pressure exhaust valve (7), an exhaust gas inlet (11) and an air outlet valve (10) are installed at the closed end of the low-pressure cylinder body (8), an intercooler (12) is connected between the air outlet valve (10) and the high-pressure air inlet valve (13), and an exhaust gas communicating pipe (18) is connected between the high-pressure exhaust valve (17) and the exhaust gas inlet (11);
the two high-pressure pistons (15) and the two low-pressure pistons (9) are fixedly connected with the four connecting shafts (42) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that synchronous action of the two sets of internal combustion engine units is realized;
air enters a low-pressure cylinder body (8) from a low-pressure air inlet valve (6), first-stage compression is realized under the action of a low-pressure piston (9), and compressed air enters an intercooler (12) from an air outlet valve (10) for cooling;
compressed air in the intercooler (12) enters a high-pressure cylinder (14) through a high-pressure air inlet valve (13) and is compressed in a second stage under the action of a high-pressure piston (15);
after the compression process is finished, fuel oil is sprayed by a fuel injector (16), a combustion process occurs in a high-pressure cylinder body (14), the fuel gas pushes a high-pressure piston (15) to perform first-stage expansion, the expanded fuel gas flows out to a waste gas communicating pipe (18) through a high-pressure exhaust valve (17), then flows into a low-pressure cylinder body (8) through a waste gas inlet (11) to push a low-pressure piston (9) to perform second-stage expansion, and finally the expanded fuel gas is discharged to the external environment through a low-pressure exhaust valve (7);
the high-pressure cylinder adopts a compression ignition method, and the mixed gas is self-ignited after oil injection.
2. A rigid connection based free piston electrical generator as claimed in claim 1 wherein: springs (5) are respectively and fixedly arranged between the two ends of the generator rotor (3) and the shell (2).
3. A rigid connection based free piston generator as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein: the number of the high-pressure air inlet valves (13) arranged on each high-pressure cylinder body (14) is two.
4. A rigid connection based free piston electrical generator as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the low pressure cylinder has the same stroke as the high pressure cylinder.
5. A rigid connection based free piston electrical generator as claimed in claim 4 wherein: the volume and the inner diameter of the high-pressure cylinder (14) are both smaller than those of the low-pressure cylinder (8).
6. A rigid connection based free piston electrical generator as claimed in claim 1 wherein: piston rings are arranged on the high-pressure piston (15) and the low-pressure piston (9).
7. A rigid connection based free piston electrical generator as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the high-pressure cylinder body (14) and the low-pressure cylinder body (8) are both provided with cylinder covers, and each cylinder cover is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110269854.XA CN113047948B (en) | 2021-03-12 | 2021-03-12 | Free piston generator based on rigid connection |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110269854.XA CN113047948B (en) | 2021-03-12 | 2021-03-12 | Free piston generator based on rigid connection |
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| CN113047948A CN113047948A (en) | 2021-06-29 |
| CN113047948B true CN113047948B (en) | 2022-08-05 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023079397A1 (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-11 | Aquarius Engines (A.M) Ltd. | Oscilating electromagnetic power generator |
| CN116163835B (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2024-06-18 | 北京理工大学 | Variable fuel and variable stroke efficient linear internal combustion generator and working method |
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| CN113047948A (en) | 2021-06-29 |
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