CN113046676A - Open fire resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra-high temperature conductor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Open fire resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra-high temperature conductor and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113046676A CN113046676A CN202110268010.3A CN202110268010A CN113046676A CN 113046676 A CN113046676 A CN 113046676A CN 202110268010 A CN202110268010 A CN 202110268010A CN 113046676 A CN113046676 A CN 113046676A
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- magnesium oxide
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 35
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 title description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- WCCJVMGTHFZXBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxygen(2-) zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4].[Mg+2] WCCJVMGTHFZXBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- VDUVBBMAXXHEQP-SLINCCQESA-M oxacillin sodium Chemical compound [Na+].N([C@@H]1C(N2[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21)C([O-])=O)=O)C(=O)C1=C(C)ON=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VDUVBBMAXXHEQP-SLINCCQESA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical group [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
- C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
- C23C18/1254—Sol or sol-gel processing
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
- C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
- C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
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- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
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- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
- H01B3/10—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances metallic oxides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of wires, and particularly discloses an open-fire-resistant magnesium oxide-zirconium oxide protected ultra-high temperature wire and a preparation method thereof, wherein the open-fire-resistant magnesium oxide-zirconium oxide protected ultra-high temperature wire comprises the following steps: stranding steel alloy wires to prepare a conductor, and sequentially plating copper and nickel alloy to prepare a high-temperature conductor; grinding the magnesium oxide, the aluminum oxide, the composite tantalate and the zirconium oxide powder uniformly, drying and sieving to obtain a spray material, and spraying the spray material on a high-temperature conductor; then coating a layer of polycrystalline alumina fiber felt; adding magnesium oxide, sodium silicate, zirconium oxide, condensed aluminum phosphate, silicon dioxide and aluminum hydroxide into water by adopting a sol-gel method, heating and stirring to uniformly mix the solution, dipping the high-temperature conductor into the solution, and curing and heating to form a composite insulating conductor protective layer to obtain the finished product of the conductor. The lead has excellent high-temperature insulating property, high-temperature smoking resistance, bending property and adaptability to various high-temperature environments, has a simple structure and light weight, can resist open fire ablation, and is suitable for high-temperature and ultrahigh-temperature environments in metallurgy and chemical industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wires, in particular to an open-fire-resistant magnesium oxide-zirconium oxide protected ultrahigh-temperature wire and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The wire is an important carrier of energy transmission at present, and is related to normal production and life of thousands of families and factories. At present, the outer package of the general lead uses polymers (such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene and other polymer materials), but the products cannot be used under the condition of open fire, and if flame ablation occurs, the products can be immediately burnt, so that the tightness of the insulating protective layer is directly damaged. With the rapid development of the current society, smelting equipment, annealing equipment and corresponding detecting instruments and meters in the industries of ferrous metallurgy, coal power generation and the like all need to work under the high-temperature condition, so that the wires on the instruments and equipment are required to have safety and reliability at higher temperature. In addition, the demand of high-temperature wires and cables in the fields of aerospace, rocket launching and the like is increasing day by day, so that the research of a wire suitable for being used in a high-temperature environment is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an open-flame-resistant magnesium oxide-zirconium oxide protected ultrahigh-temperature wire and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an ultra-high temperature wire protected by magnesia-zirconia resistant to open flame, comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing a high-temperature conductor: stranding steel alloy wires to prepare a conductor, and then plating copper on the conductor and plating nickel alloy to prepare a high-temperature conductor;
(2) weighing magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, composite tantalate and zirconium oxide powder according to a proportion, grinding and uniformly mixing, drying and sieving the mixed powder to obtain a spray material, and uniformly spraying the spray material on the high-temperature conductor obtained in the step (1); wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide to the aluminum oxide to the zirconium oxide powder is 3-5: 5-7: 3-4, wherein the composite tantalate accounts for 2.5-5% of the total mass of the magnesium oxide, the aluminum oxide, the composite tantalate and the zirconium oxide powder.
(3) Coating a layer of polycrystalline alumina fiber felt on the high-temperature conductor obtained in the step (2);
(4) preheating water by adopting a sol-gel method, and then carrying out mixing according to the weight ratio of 2-3: 7-9: 5-7: 4-6: 5-7: weighing magnesium oxide, sodium silicate, zirconium oxide, condensed aluminum phosphate, silicon dioxide and aluminum hydroxide according to the mass ratio of 7-9, adding the weighed materials into water, adding a defoaming agent, a preservative and a dispersing agent, heating and stirring to uniformly mix the solution, then dipping the high-temperature conductor obtained in the step (3) into the solution, and curing and heating to form a composite insulated conductor protective layer, thus obtaining the finished product of the anti-open-fire magnesium oxide-zirconium oxide protected ultra-high-temperature conductor.
Further, in the step (1), the steel alloy wire is obtained by alloy steel powder smelting, wire drawing and annealing.
Optionally, in the process of preparing the steel alloy wire, the melting temperature of the alloy steel powder is 1440-1480 ℃, the annealing temperature is 850-900 ℃, the annealing time is 4-6h, and the wire drawing diameter is 0.70-0.90 mm.
Further, in the step (1), 9-13 conductors are twisted into a group, and the conductors are obtained by twisting the monofilaments.
Further, in the step (1), the copper plating process comprises the following steps: using neutral composite copper solution, copper plating current is 3-5A, copper plating voltage is 25-30V, and electroplating time is 30-50 min.
Optionally, the concentration of the neutral composite copper solution is 3-5 mol/L.
Further, in the step (1), the nickel plating process comprises: and (3) using a neutral composite nickel alloy solution, wherein the electroplating current is 7-10A, the copper plating voltage is 50-60V, and the electroplating time is 40-50 min.
Optionally, the concentration of the neutral composite nickel alloy solution is 8-10 mol/L.
Further, in the step (2), the magnesium oxide, the aluminum oxide, the composite tantalate and the zirconium oxide powder are uniformly mixed by ball milling with absolute ethyl alcohol as a medium.
Optionally, in the ball milling process, the rotation speed of the ball mill is 500-600 r/min, and the ball milling time is 600-800 min.
Further, in the step (2), the spraying material is uniformly sprayed on the high-temperature conductor by using a plasma spraying technology.
Optionally, during plasma spraying, the voltage is 500-650V, the current is 50-70A, and the spraying thickness is 0.7-1 mm.
Further, in the step (2), the drying temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the drying time is 16-24 hours.
Furthermore, in the step (2), the mesh number of the sieve is 150-250 meshes.
Further, in the step (3), the thickness of the polycrystalline alumina fiber felt is 0.25-0.35 mm.
Further, in the step (4), the mass ratio of the defoaming agent to the preservative to the dispersing agent is 1-2: 1-2: 2-3, wherein the mass of the defoaming agent accounts for 0.1-0.5% of the total mass of the solution.
Further, in the step (4), the water is deionized water.
Further, in the step (4), the preheating temperature and the heating temperature of the water are both 93-97 ℃.
Further, in the step (4), the soaking time of the high-temperature conductor in the solution is 30-40 min, the curing heating temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the curing time is 4-5 h.
The invention provides an open-fire-resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra-high temperature wire prepared by the preparation method of the first aspect.
As mentioned above, the open fire resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra-high temperature conductor and the preparation method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
the method comprises the steps of firstly spraying a spraying material prepared by mixing magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, composite tantalate and zirconia powder on a high-temperature conductor by using a plasma spraying process, improving the temperature resistance level of the conductor while achieving the material increase effect, then tightly coating the conductor by using a polycrystalline alumina fiber felt, mixing the raw materials of magnesium oxide, sodium silicate, zirconium oxide, condensed aluminum phosphate, silicon dioxide and aluminum hydroxide by using a sol-gel method to prepare a solution, then curing and heating the conductor coated by the polycrystalline alumina fiber felt (namely the outermost layer of a lead) to form a composite insulated conductor protective layer, and adding a protective layer capable of providing a direct protection effect to the conductor and the felt layer. The lead has excellent high-temperature insulating property, high-temperature smoking resistance, bending property and adaptability to various high-temperature environments, has a simple structure and light weight, can not be directly ablated and damaged even if directly ablated by open fire, and is suitable for high-temperature and ultrahigh-temperature environments such as metallurgy and chemical engineering.
The spraying material and the composite insulated conductor protective layer both adopt zirconia, the zirconia is an excellent oxide type refractory material and has the characteristics of high melting point, low thermal conductivity, thermal shock resistance, good compatibility with other metals and the like, the zirconia can generate phase transformation at a high temperature, and the damage of the zirconia phase transformation to the material can be reduced by adding metal oxides such as magnesia, alumina and the like. The sodium silicate is added into the composite insulated conductor protective layer, so that the adhesive force of the coating can be increased in a high-temperature environment, the adhesive capacity of the coating is ensured, and the coating is prevented from peeling off; and condensed aluminum phosphate, silicon dioxide and aluminum hydroxide are also doped, and along with the increase of the temperature outside the coating, the components are subjected to decomposition or combination reaction to take away heat, and meanwhile, an aluminum-silicon phosphate compound capable of resisting higher temperature is generated, so that the fire-resistant temperature of the protective layer is further increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a microscopic topography of a coating formed by spray coating of a spray material on a conductor according to example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the results of the ablation test of the open flame resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra high temperature wire prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The invention provides an open fire resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra-high temperature conductor, and a preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a high-temperature conductor: alloy steel powder is smelted, drawn and annealed to obtain steel alloy wires, the steel alloy wires are stranded to prepare a conductor, and then the conductor is plated with copper and nickel alloy to prepare a high-temperature conductor;
(2) weighing magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, composite tantalate and zirconium oxide powder according to a proportion, taking absolute ethyl alcohol as a medium, uniformly mixing the powder by ball milling, drying and sieving the mixed powder to obtain a spray material, and uniformly spraying the spray material on the high-temperature conductor obtained in the step (1) by using a plasma spraying technology; wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide to the aluminum oxide to the zirconium oxide powder is 3-5: 5-7: 3-4, wherein the composite tantalate accounts for 2.5-5% of the total mass of the magnesium oxide, the aluminum oxide, the composite tantalate and the zirconium oxide powder.
(3) Coating a layer of polycrystalline alumina fiber felt on the high-temperature conductor obtained in the step (2);
(4) preheating water by adopting a sol-gel method, and then carrying out mixing according to the weight ratio of 2-3: 7-9: 5-7: 4-6: 5-7: weighing magnesium oxide, sodium silicate, zirconium oxide, condensed aluminum phosphate, silicon dioxide and aluminum hydroxide according to the mass ratio of 7-9, adding the weighed materials into water, adding a defoaming agent, a preservative and a dispersing agent, heating and stirring to uniformly mix the solution, then dipping the high-temperature conductor obtained in the step (3) into the solution, and curing and heating to form a composite insulated conductor protective layer, thus obtaining the finished product of the anti-open-fire magnesium oxide-zirconium oxide protected ultra-high-temperature conductor.
Further, in the process of preparing the steel alloy wire, the melting temperature of the alloy steel powder is 1440-1480 ℃, the annealing temperature is 850-900 ℃, the annealing time is 4-6h, and the wire drawing diameter is 0.70-0.90 mm.
Further, in the step (1), during twisting, 9-13 conductors are twisted into a group, and the conductors are obtained by twisting the monofilaments.
Further, in the step (1), the copper plating process comprises: using neutral composite copper solution, copper plating current is 3-5A, copper plating voltage is 25-30V, and electroplating time is 30-50 min.
Further, in the step (1), the nickel plating process comprises: and (3) using a neutral composite nickel alloy solution, wherein the electroplating current is 7-10A, the copper plating voltage is 50-60V, and the electroplating time is 40-50 min.
Furthermore, in the ball milling process, the rotating speed of the ball mill is 500-600 r/min, and the ball milling time is 600-800 min.
Further, during plasma spraying, the voltage is 500-650V, the current is 50-70A, and the spraying thickness is 0.7-1 mm.
Further, in the step (2), the drying temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the drying time is 16-24 hours.
Further, in the step (2), the mesh number of the sieve is 150-200 meshes.
Further, in the step (3), the thickness of the polycrystalline alumina fiber felt is 0.25-0.35 mm.
Further, in the step (4), the mass ratio of the defoaming agent to the preservative to the dispersing agent is 1-2: 1-2: 2-3, wherein the mass of the defoaming agent accounts for 0.1-0.5% of the total mass of the solution. The defoaming agent adopted in the embodiment of the invention is an organic silicon type defoaming agent, the preservative is HB-269 type preservative (Federal in Guangdong), and the dispersant is a sodium polyacrylate dispersant (Federal in Guangdong).
Further, in the step (4), the water is deionized water.
Further, in the step (4), the preheating temperature and the heating temperature of the water are both 93-97 ℃.
Further, in the step (4), the soaking time of the high-temperature conductor in the solution is 30-40 min, the curing heating temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the curing time is 4-5 h.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The preparation method of the open-fire-resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra-high temperature conductor in the embodiment is as follows:
and smelting the prepared alloy steel powder at the temperature of 1435 ℃, drawing the smelted alloy into alloy wires with the diameter of 0.78mm, annealing at 870 ℃, and stranding 12 alloy monofilaments into a group to obtain the conductor. Copper plating is carried out on the conductor in a neutral composite copper solution of 3.0mol/L (current is 4.2A, voltage is 27V, and electroplating time is 40 min); and (3) carrying out nickel plating (current of 9.2A, voltage of 52V and plating time of 42min) on the conductor plated with the copper in 8.0mol/L neutral composite nickel alloy solution to prepare the high-temperature conductor.
24.362g of magnesium oxide, 29.852g of aluminum oxide, 24.312g of zirconia powder and 2.365g of composite tantalate are weighed, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a medium, the mixture is placed in a planetary mill for ball milling (ball milling speed is 525r/min, ball milling time is 760min) to be uniformly mixed, the mixed powder is dried (temperature is 85 ℃, drying time is 20h), and the mixture is sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the spray material. And then uniformly spraying the spraying material on a high-temperature conductor by using a plasma spraying technology (the plasma spraying voltage is 540V, the current is 52A, and the spraying thickness is 0.85mm), and tightly coating a layer of polycrystalline alumina fiber felt (the thickness is 0.29 mm).
Placing a beaker filled with deionized water into a water bath pot by utilizing a sol-gel method, preheating to 95.6 ℃, weighing 20.365g of magnesium oxide, 63.3567g of sodium silicate, 52.497g of zirconium oxide, 41.652g of condensed aluminum phosphate, 55.362g of silicon dioxide and 74.327g of aluminum hydroxide, adding 0.852g of defoaming agent, 0.821g of preservative and 1.563g of dispersing agent, heating and stirring until the solution is uniformly mixed, soaking the high-temperature conductor coated with the polycrystalline alumina fiber felt in the solution for 35min, and forming a composite insulated conductor protective layer by curing and heating (the heating temperature is 60 ℃ and the time is 4.3h) to obtain the finished product of the open-flame-resistant magnesium oxide-zirconium oxide protected ultrahigh-temperature conductor.
Fig. 1 shows a microscopic topography (× 2000) of the coating formed on the conductor by spray coating in this example. As can be seen from fig. 1, the coating is denser, has fewer pores and is smoother.
The open-fire-resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra-high temperature wire prepared in the example was subjected to ablation test and the test was carried out at a temperature higher than the limit temperature, and the results are shown in fig. 2. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the temperature resistance of the wire is higher than 1000 ℃ and is at most 1200 ℃, and the temperature gradient of the front surface and the back surface is good and has no change, which indicates that the wire can withstand examination at a limiting temperature.
The results show that the open-fire-resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra-high temperature conductor prepared by the method has excellent performance in high temperature resistance and heat insulation, has better high temperature stability, can be used at high temperature, and certainly can be used at low temperature.
Example 2
The preparation method of the open-fire-resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra-high temperature conductor in the embodiment is as follows:
and smelting the prepared alloy steel powder at the temperature of 1440 ℃, drawing the smelted alloy into alloy wires with the diameter of 0.78mm, annealing at the temperature of 885 ℃, and stranding 10 alloy monofilaments into a group to obtain the conductor. Copper plating is carried out on the conductor in a neutral composite copper solution with the concentration of 4.0mol/L (the current is 4.6A, the voltage is 26V, and the plating time is 39 min); and (3) carrying out nickel plating (current 8.7A, voltage 53V and electroplating time 46min) on the conductor plated with copper in 9.0mol/L neutral composite nickel alloy solution to prepare the high-temperature conductor.
Weighing 23.968g of magnesium oxide, 29.567g of aluminum oxide, 23.985g of zirconia powder and 2.215g of composite tantalate, taking absolute ethyl alcohol as a medium, placing the mixture in a planetary mill for ball milling (ball milling speed is 570r/min, ball milling time is 660min) to enable the mixture to be uniformly mixed, drying the mixed powder (temperature is 88 ℃, drying time is 18.6h), and sieving the powder by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the spray material. And then uniformly spraying the spraying material on a high-temperature conductor by using a plasma spraying technology (the plasma spraying voltage is 620V, the current is 68A, and the spraying thickness is 0.95mm), and tightly coating a layer of polycrystalline alumina fiber felt (the thickness is 0.25 mm).
Placing a beaker filled with deionized water into a water bath pot by utilizing a sol-gel method, preheating to 96.8 ℃, weighing 21.695g of magnesium oxide, 61.5427g of sodium silicate, 53.951g of zirconium oxide, 40.956g of condensed aluminum phosphate, 53.458g of silicon dioxide and 72.956g of aluminum hydroxide, adding 0.732g of defoaming agent, 0.795g of preservative and 1.498g of dispersing agent, heating and stirring until the solution is uniformly mixed, soaking the high-temperature conductor coated with the polycrystalline alumina fiber felt in the solution for 40min, and forming a composite insulating conductor protective layer by curing and heating (the heating temperature is 80 ℃ and the time is 4.0h) to obtain the finished product of the open-flame-resistant magnesium oxide-zirconium oxide protected ultrahigh-temperature conductor.
The open fire resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra-high temperature wire prepared by the embodiment is subjected to ablation test, and the tolerance temperature of the wire is higher than 1000 ℃ and is 1300 ℃ at most.
Example 3
The preparation method of the open-fire-resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra-high temperature conductor in the embodiment is as follows:
and smelting the prepared alloy steel powder at 1460 ℃, drawing the smelted alloy into alloy wires with the diameter of 0.81mm, annealing at 865 ℃, and twisting 12 alloy monofilaments into a group to obtain the conductor. Copper plating is carried out on the conductor in a neutral composite copper solution of 5.0mol/L (the current is 3.9A, the voltage is 25.5V, and the plating time is 50 min); and (3) carrying out nickel plating on the conductor plated with copper in 10.0mol/L neutral composite nickel alloy solution (current 7.8A, voltage 56V and plating time 30min) to prepare the high-temperature conductor.
25.645g of magnesium oxide, 28.652g of aluminum oxide, 24.652g of zirconia powder and 2.357g of composite tantalate are weighed, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a medium, the mixture is placed in a planetary mill for ball milling (ball milling speed is 580r/min and ball milling time is 750min) to be mixed uniformly, the mixed powder is dried (temperature is 85 ℃, drying time is 24.5h, and 200-mesh sieve is passed to obtain a spray material, the spray material is sprayed on a high-temperature conductor uniformly by using a plasma spraying technology (plasma spraying voltage is 600V, current is 52A, spraying thickness is 0.85mm), and a layer of polycrystalline alumina fibrofelt (thickness is 0.35mm) is covered tightly.
Placing a beaker filled with deionized water into a water bath pot by utilizing a sol-gel method, preheating to 95.8 ℃, weighing 22.659g of magnesium oxide, 62.6854g of sodium silicate, 54.268g of zirconium oxide, 41.325g of condensed aluminum phosphate, 52.985g of silicon dioxide and 93.021g of aluminum hydroxide, adding 0.698g of defoaming agent, 0.775g of preservative and 1.501g of dispersing agent, heating and stirring until the solution is uniformly mixed, soaking the high-temperature conductor coated with the polycrystalline alumina fiber felt in the solution for 35min, and forming a composite insulated conductor protective layer by curing and heating (the heating temperature is 70 ℃ and the time is 4.8h) to obtain the finished product of the open-flame-resistant magnesium oxide-zirconium oxide protected ultrahigh-temperature conductor.
The open fire resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra-high temperature wire prepared in the embodiment is subjected to ablation test, and the tolerance temperature of the wire is higher than 1000 ℃ and is up to 1250 ℃.
Example 4
The preparation method of the open-fire-resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra-high temperature conductor in the embodiment is as follows:
and smelting the prepared alloy steel powder at the temperature of 1480 ℃, drawing the smelted alloy into alloy wires with the diameter of 0.80mm, annealing at the temperature of 870 ℃, and stranding 11 alloy monofilaments into a group to obtain the conductor. Copper plating is carried out on the conductor in a neutral composite copper solution of 3.0mol/L (current is 3.7A, voltage is 27.2V, and electroplating time is 48 min); and (3) carrying out nickel plating (current 8.5A, voltage 55V and electroplating time 45min) on the conductor plated with copper in 8.0mol/L neutral composite nickel alloy solution to prepare the high-temperature conductor.
24.682g of magnesium oxide, 29.025g of aluminum oxide, 25.652g of zirconia powder and 2.295g of composite tantalate are weighed, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a medium, the mixture is placed in a planetary mill for ball milling (ball milling speed is 580r/min and ball milling time is 750min) to be uniformly mixed, the mixed powder is dried (temperature is 85 ℃, drying time is 24.5h, and 200-mesh sieve is passed to obtain a spray material, the spray material is uniformly sprayed on a high-temperature conductor by using a plasma spraying technology (voltage is 650V, current is 50A, spraying thickness is 0.92mm), and a layer of polycrystalline alumina fiber felt (thickness is 0.28mm) is tightly coated.
Placing a beaker filled with deionized water into a water bath pot by using a sol-gel method, preheating to 93 ℃, weighing 22.695g of magnesium oxide, 63.2598g of sodium silicate, 53.659g of zirconium oxide, 42.06g of condensed aluminum phosphate, 51.685g of silicon dioxide and 94.951g of aluminum hydroxide, adding 0.702g of antifoaming agent, 0.712g of preservative and 1.498g of dispersant, heating and stirring until the solution is uniformly mixed, soaking the high-temperature conductor coated with the polycrystalline alumina fiber felt in the solution for 40min, and forming a composite insulated conductor protective layer by curing and heating (the heating temperature is 60 ℃ and the heating time is 5.0h) to obtain the finished product of the open-flame-resistant magnesium oxide-zirconium oxide protected ultrahigh-temperature conductor.
The open fire resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra-high temperature wire prepared by the embodiment is subjected to ablation test, and the tolerance temperature of the wire is higher than 1000 ℃ and the maximum temperature is 1200 ℃.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the open-fire-resistant magnesium oxide-zirconium oxide protected ultra-high temperature wire is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparing a high-temperature conductor: stranding steel alloy wires to prepare a conductor, and then plating copper on the conductor and plating nickel alloy to prepare a high-temperature conductor;
(2) weighing magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, composite tantalate and zirconium oxide powder according to a proportion, grinding and uniformly mixing, drying and sieving the mixed powder to obtain a spray material, and uniformly spraying the spray material on the high-temperature conductor obtained in the step (1); wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide to the aluminum oxide to the zirconium oxide powder is 3-5: 5-7: 3-4, wherein the composite tantalate accounts for 2.5-5% of the total mass of the magnesium oxide, the aluminum oxide, the composite tantalate and the zirconium oxide powder.
(3) Coating a layer of polycrystalline alumina fiber felt on the high-temperature conductor obtained in the step (2);
(4) preheating water by adopting a sol-gel method, and then carrying out mixing according to the weight ratio of 2-3: 7-9: 5-7: 4-6: 5-7: weighing magnesium oxide, sodium silicate, zirconium oxide, condensed aluminum phosphate, silicon dioxide and aluminum hydroxide according to the mass ratio of 7-9, adding the weighed materials into water, adding a defoaming agent, a preservative and a dispersing agent, heating and stirring to uniformly mix the solution, then dipping the high-temperature conductor obtained in the step (3) into the solution, and curing and heating to form a composite insulated conductor protective layer, thus obtaining the finished product of the anti-open-fire magnesium oxide-zirconium oxide protected ultra-high-temperature conductor.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the steel alloy wire is obtained by smelting, drawing and annealing alloy steel powder;
and/or in the step (1), during twisting, 9-13 conductors are twisted into a group, and the conductors are obtained by twisting the monofilaments;
and/or in the step (1), the copper plating process comprises the following steps: using neutral composite copper solution, plating copper current at 3-5A, plating copper voltage at 25-30V, and plating for 30-50 min;
and/or in the step (1), the nickel plating process comprises the following steps: and (3) using a neutral composite nickel alloy solution, wherein the electroplating current is 7-10A, the copper plating voltage is 50-60V, and the electroplating time is 40-50 min.
And/or in the step (2), the magnesium oxide, the aluminum oxide, the composite tantalate and the zirconium oxide powder are uniformly mixed by ball milling with absolute ethyl alcohol as a medium.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: in the process of preparing the steel alloy wire, the melting temperature of the alloy steel powder is 1440-1480 ℃, the annealing temperature is 850-900 ℃, the annealing time is 4-6h, and the wire drawing diameter is 0.70-0.90 mm;
and/or in the ball milling process, the rotating speed of the ball mill is 500-600 r/min, and the ball milling time is 600-800 min.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the spraying material is uniformly sprayed on the high-temperature conductor by using a plasma spraying technology.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: during plasma spraying, the voltage is 500-650V, the current is 50-70A, and the spraying thickness is 0.7-1 mm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the drying temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the drying time is 16-24 hours;
and/or in the step (2), the mesh number is 150-250 meshes.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the thickness of the polycrystalline alumina fiber felt is 0.25-0.35 mm.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the mass ratio of the defoaming agent to the preservative to the dispersing agent is 1-2: 1-2: 2-3, wherein the mass of the defoaming agent accounts for 0.1-0.5% of the total mass of the solution.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the water is deionized water;
and/or in the step (4), the preheating temperature and the heating temperature of the water are both 93-97 ℃;
and/or in the step (4), the soaking time of the high-temperature conductor in the solution is 30-40 min, the curing heating temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the curing time is 4-5 h.
10. An open-flame resistant magnesia-zirconia protected ultra high temperature wire made by the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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