CN113046587B - Aluminum alloy strip and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy strip and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113046587B CN113046587B CN202110273938.0A CN202110273938A CN113046587B CN 113046587 B CN113046587 B CN 113046587B CN 202110273938 A CN202110273938 A CN 202110273938A CN 113046587 B CN113046587 B CN 113046587B
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium chloride Substances [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum alloy strip and a preparation method thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy strip comprises the following components, by mass, less than or equal to 0.12% of Si, less than or equal to 0.20% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cu, 2.30-2.50% of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05% of Mn, 0.20-0.23% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10% of Zn, less than or equal to 0.15% of Ti, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities; the casting process adopts a semi-continuous casting method to prepare the cast ingot. Through the design of ingot chemical composition design, ingot homogenization treatment, pre-annealing of hot-rolled blank aluminum coils and low-temperature finished product annealing process, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy strip is 245-265 MPa, the yield strength is greater than or equal to 200MPa, and the elongation is greater than or equal to 15%; compared with the related technology, the aluminum alloy strip prepared by the method has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, good stamping formability and no warping deformation after forming, and is suitable for being applied to fan blades.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy strips, in particular to an aluminum alloy strip for manufacturing fan blades and a preparation method thereof.
[ background of the invention ]
The fan blade is a main structure for generating wind power, and is used for household appliances such as air conditioners, electric fans, dust collectors, smoke exhaust ventilators and the like; because of the high rotating speed of the fan blade, the bearing rotating moment is large, so strict requirements are imposed on the balance moment, the weight of the fan blade and the like, and particularly, the material for preparing the fan blade is required to be uniform in density and thickness and small in same plate difference.
The traditional materials for manufacturing the fan blade generally adopt thin steel plates, plastics and other materials, and although the strength of the steel plates is enough, the weight is heavier, the energy consumption is large, and the heat dissipation performance is poorer; and the plastic has poor high temperature resistance and low strength. Therefore, the steel plate and the plastic stool have certain limitations as the materials for manufacturing the fan blades. Because the aluminum alloy has the advantages of light weight, uniform thickness, high strength and the like, the aluminum alloy strip becomes one of the best choices, but in the existing aluminum alloy strip production method, the melt of the produced strip has the undesirable defects of slag inclusion, looseness and the like, and the defects can cause stress concentration on the strip and deteriorate the mechanical property of the finished aluminum alloy strip, so that the fan blade is broken and failed in operation, and the service life of the fan blade is seriously shortened.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a new aluminum alloy strip and a method for preparing the same to solve the above problems.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide an aluminum alloy strip with uniform chemical components, uniform thickness and high strength and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing an aluminum alloy strip, comprising the steps of:
step S1, the components and the mass percentage are as follows: less than or equal to 0.12 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, 2.30-2.50 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, 0.20-0.23 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Ti, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities; the casting process adopts a semi-continuous casting method to prepare the cast ingot, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s11, selecting a remelting aluminum ingot of Al99.70 as a melt and smelting the remelting aluminum ingot into aluminum liquid, and preparing alloy elements Mg, Cr and Ti according to the mass percentage after the temperature of the aluminum liquid reaches 735-745 ℃;
step S12, uniformly spraying a covering agent on the surface of the aluminum liquid alloyed in the step S11, and stirring the aluminum liquid for 1-1.5 hours by using an automatic electromagnetic stirrer to ensure that the chemical components of the aluminum liquid are uniform;
step S13, transferring the aluminum liquid into a heat preservation furnace for refining, wherein chlorine is filled into the heat preservation furnace, and the refining time is 32-40 minutes;
s14, slagging off the molten aluminum refined in the step S13, and standing for 28-36 minutes;
s15, degassing the aluminum liquid after standing in sequence through a degassing box, wherein the hydrogen content in the degassing box is less than 0.12mL/100gAl, and the degassing in the degassing box is added in the mode of adding a grain refiner on line according to the mass percentage of the Ti element in the whole degassing process; the degassed aluminum liquid passes through a filter box, and the filter box performs two-stage filtration; casting the filtered molten aluminum through a crystallizer to obtain the ingot, wherein the casting speed is 42-46 mm/min, and the flow rate of casting cooling water is 280-360L/min;
step S2, preparing the cast ingot into a hot-rolled blank aluminum coil with the thickness of 4.0mm by adopting a hot rolling procedure:
step S21, milling the cast ingot, milling each 10mm large surface, and milling the cold interlayer and the segregation layer on the surface of the cast ingot;
step S22, carrying out homogenization treatment on the cast ingot after surface milling, wherein the homogenization process is that the temperature of the cast ingot is 500 +/-10 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10-12 hours;
step S23, rolling the cast ingot after the homogenization treatment by a hot continuous rolling mill to obtain the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil with the thickness of 4.0mm, wherein the final rolling temperature in the rolling process is 310-325 ℃;
step S3, cold rolling the hot rolled blank aluminum coil to obtain a finished product aluminum coil with the thickness of 0.5-0.8 mm:
step S31, carrying out pre-annealing treatment on the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil, wherein the temperature of an annealing process is 340-360 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-4 hours;
s32, cold-rolling the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil obtained in the S31 to obtain a finished product aluminum coil, wherein the thickness of the finished product aluminum coil is 0.5-0.8 mm, and lubricating rolling oil is used in the cold-rolling process;
step S33, cleaning the finished product aluminum coil with clear water to remove lubricating rolling oil, aluminum powder and iron powder falling off from the roller;
step S34, carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment on the cleaned finished product aluminum coil in an annealing furnace, wherein the annealing process is to carry out metal temperature of 250-260 ℃ and keep the temperature for 2-3 hours;
and S4, performing finish rolling on the finished product aluminum coil subjected to the low-temperature annealing treatment, and straightening by a stretch bending straightening machine to obtain an aluminum alloy strip of 0.5-0.8 mm.
Preferably, in step S11, Mg ingots are used as the preparation elements Mg, and master alloys are used as Cr; wherein, before the remelting aluminum ingot is smelted, the remelting aluminum ingot is baked at the temperature of 100-150 ℃ to remove water.
Preferably, in step S15, the dual-stage filtration employs a combined filter structure of a tube filter and a 60PPi ceramic filter plate.
Preferably, in the step S15, the temperature difference of the aluminum liquid is within a range of +/-2 ℃, and the liquid level depth of the aluminum liquid is 40-50 mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the cast ingot is 360-380 mm.
Preferably, in the step S23, the hot-rolled aluminum ingot has a crown of 0.05 to 0.15%, and the wedge ratio of both sides of the hot-rolled aluminum ingot is less than 0.05%.
Preferably, in step S32, the crown of each of the upper and lower work rolls of the rolling mill in the cold rolling process is 0.03 mm.
Preferably, in the step S32, the ratio of the carbon chain distribution C12 to C14 in the lubricating rolling oil is 2.0 to 2.5 to 1.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy strip is prepared by the preparation method of the aluminum alloy strip as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the aluminum alloy strip is used for manufacturing fan blades.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy strip has the advantages that through the design of ingot casting chemical composition, ingot casting homogenization treatment, hot rolling blank aluminum coil pre-annealing and low-temperature finished product annealing process, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy strip is 245-265 MPa, the yield strength is greater than or equal to 200MPa, and the elongation is greater than or equal to 15%; through controlling the convexity and wedge rate of the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil, controlling the rolling lubricating oil indexes and the like, the aluminum alloy strip is uniform in thickness and chemical composition, the thickness difference of the same plate of the aluminum alloy strip is less than or equal to 0.003mm, the density of the aluminum alloy strip is 2.681-2.685g/cm3, and the surface density tolerance of any position of the aluminum alloy strip is +/-2 g/m2Within the range; therefore, the aluminum alloy strip produced by the preparation method of the aluminum alloy strip has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, good stamping formability and no warping deformation after forming.
[ description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of making an aluminum alloy strip of the present invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy strip, which includes the following steps:
step S1, the components and the mass percentage are as follows: less than or equal to 0.12 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, 2.30-2.50 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, 0.20-0.23 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Ti, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities; the casting process adopts a semi-continuous casting method to prepare the cast ingot, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and S11, selecting a remelting aluminum ingot of Al99.70 as a melt and smelting the remelting aluminum ingot into aluminum liquid, and preparing alloy elements Mg, Cr and Ti according to the mass percentage after the temperature of the aluminum liquid reaches 735-745 ℃.
Specifically, the configuration element Mg adopts Mg ingot, and Cr adopts intermediate alloy; before the remelting aluminum ingot is smelted, baking is carried out at the temperature of 100-150 ℃ to eliminate water attached to the surface of the aluminum ingot, and specifically, all tool devices are also baked to eliminate the attached water so as to prevent the quality of the ingot from being influenced by gas looseness and the like caused by overhigh hydrogen content in a melt.
S12, uniformly spraying covering agents on the surface of the aluminum liquid alloyed in the S11 to prevent the oxidation loss of Mg and prevent the uneven components of the aluminum liquid; and stirring the aluminum liquid for 1-1.5 hours by using an automatic electromagnetic stirrer to ensure that the chemical components of the aluminum liquid are uniform.
Specifically, the covering agent is a fusing agent, and the main components of the covering agent are KCl and MgCl2The covering agent can play a role in isolating the aluminum liquid from contacting with air, and prevent the aluminum liquid from being oxidized to cause uneven components of the cast ingot. In the step S12, the automatic electromagnetic stirring is to install an electromagnetic stirrer at the bottom of the melting furnace, so as to uniformly stir the whole molten aluminum, and compared with manual stirring, the electromagnetic stirring can stir the molten aluminum stably, so as to fully ensure uniform chemical components and prevent slagging.
And S13, transferring the aluminum liquid into a heat preservation furnace for refining, wherein chlorine is filled into the heat preservation furnace, and the refining time is 32-40 minutes.
And step S14, slagging off the aluminum liquid refined in the step S13, and standing for 28-36 minutes to enable the floating slag to be suspended out of the aluminum liquid.
S15, degassing the aluminum liquid after standing in sequence through a degassing box, wherein the hydrogen content in the degassing box is less than 0.12mL/100gAl, and the degassing in the degassing box is added in the mode of adding a grain refiner on line according to the mass percentage of the Ti element in the whole degassing process; the degassed aluminum liquid passes through a filter box, and the filter box performs two-stage filtration; and casting the filtered molten aluminum through a crystallizer to obtain the ingot, wherein the casting speed is 42-46 mm/min, and the flow rate of casting cooling water is 280-360L/min.
In this embodiment, the grain refiner is added on line in the whole degassing process of the degassing box according to the mass percentage of the Ti element, so that the effect of grain refining of the aluminum liquid can be achieved, and the surface of the produced strip material is fine.
Specifically, the double-stage filtration adopts a combined filtration structure of a tubular filter and a 60PPi ceramic filter plate; the temperature difference of the aluminum liquid in the whole casting process of the step S15 is within the range of +/-2 ℃, the liquid level depth of the aluminum liquid is 40-50 mm, and the process can avoid the problem that the cast ingot is seriously shrunk or loosened due to insufficient aluminum water supplement among dendrites of the aluminum matrix; the off-line slag content of the cast ingot produced by the production method is less than 0.012mm2Per Kg, the degree of looseness is better than the first grade.
The detection shows that the content of the off-line slag of the cast ingot is 0.0087mm2Per Kg; according to the GBT 3246.2-2000 wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy product macrostructure inspection method, the degree of looseness of the cast ingot is better than that of the first grade.
The liquid level depth refers to the distance from the initial contact point of the molten aluminum and the working surface of the crystallizer to the bottom edge of the crystallizer in the process of crystallizer condensation molding.
In the embodiment, the thickness of the ingot is changed from the traditional 630mm to 360-380 mm, and after the thickness of the ingot is adjusted, chemical segregation of the ingot can be avoided, so that chemical components are more uniform.
Step S2, preparing the cast ingot into a hot-rolled blank aluminum coil with the thickness of 4.0mm by adopting a hot rolling procedure:
and S21, milling the cast ingot, milling each 10mm large surface, and fully milling the cold insulation layer, the segregation layer and the like on the surface of the cast ingot.
Step S22, carrying out homogenization treatment on the cast ingot after surface milling, wherein the homogenization process is that the temperature of the cast ingot is 500 +/-10 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10-12 hours; the homogenization treatment in the step can eliminate the segregation of the chemical components of the ingot, so that the components of the ingot are uniform.
And step S23, rolling the ingot after the homogenization treatment by a hot continuous rolling mill to obtain the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil with the thickness of 4.0mm, wherein the final rolling temperature in the rolling process is 310-325 ℃.
Specifically, the convexity of the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil is required to be 0.05-0.15% in the rolling process, and the wedge ratios of two sides of the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil are less than 0.05%, so that the finally produced aluminum alloy strip is uniform in thickness, and the same plate difference is less than or equal to 0.003 mm; the aluminum alloy strip has uniform chemical components and the density of the aluminum alloy strip is 2.681-2.685g/cm3。
The convexity is a percentage of a difference between a center thickness and an average value of thicknesses of two side portions on any cross section of the hot rolled blank aluminum coil and the center thickness.
Step S3, cold rolling the hot rolled blank aluminum coil to obtain a finished product aluminum coil with the thickness of 0.5-0.8 mm:
and step S31, carrying out pre-annealing treatment on the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil, wherein the temperature of an annealing process is 340-360 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-4 hours.
Specifically, the hot rolling is a dynamic recovery and recrystallization process, if residual internal stress exists in the hot rolled blank aluminum coil, the stamping forming performance of the aluminum alloy strip is affected, and the purpose of eliminating the residual internal stress of the hot rolled blank aluminum coil can be achieved through pre-annealing treatment of the hot rolled blank aluminum coil.
And S32, cold-rolling the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil obtained in the step S31 to obtain the finished product aluminum coil, wherein the thickness of the finished product aluminum coil is 0.5-0.8 mm, and lubricating rolling oil is used in the cold-rolling process.
In the embodiment, a six-roller rolling mill with high rigidity is used for rolling in the cold rolling process, the convexity of an upper working roller and a lower working roller of the rolling mill is 0.03mm, the convexity is kept to be rolled in proportion to a hot-rolled blank aluminum coil in each pass, and the rolling speed and the rolling tension are kept constant in the rolling process; controlling the ratio of carbon chain distribution C12 to C14 in the lubricating rolling oil to be 2.0-2.5 to 1, namely C12: and C14 is (2.0-2.5): 1, so that the thickness of an oil film between the finished aluminum coil and a roller is uniform, and the requirement that the same plate difference of the aluminum alloy strip is less than or equal to 0.003mm can be met.
Specifically, 12 and 14 in the C12 and C14 represent the length of the carbon chain.
And step S33, cleaning the finished product aluminum coil with clear water to remove lubricating rolling oil, aluminum powder and iron powder falling off from the roller.
And step S34, carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment on the cleaned finished product aluminum coil in an annealing furnace, wherein the annealing process is to carry out metal temperature of 250-260 ℃ and heat preservation for 2-3 hours.
And S4, performing finish rolling on the finished product aluminum coil subjected to the low-temperature annealing treatment, and straightening by a stretch bending straightening machine to obtain an aluminum alloy strip of 0.5-0.8 mm.
In the embodiment, the aluminum alloy strip prepared by the preparation method of the aluminum alloy strip can be applied to fan blades after being further punched, and experimental data show that the aluminum alloy strip prepared by the method has the thickness of 0.5-0.8 mm, the tensile strength of 245-265 MPa, the yield strength of more than or equal to 200MPa, the elongation of more than or equal to 15%, excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, better stamping formability of the strip and no buckling deformation after forming. The aluminum alloy strip has uniform chemical components and uniform thickness, and the density is 2.681-2.685g/cm3The thickness difference of the same plate is less than or equal to 0.003mm, and the surface density tolerance of any position of the aluminum alloy strip is +/-2 g/m2Within the range.
Specifically, the fan blade obtained after the aluminum alloy strip is punched has the thickness of 0.5-0.8 mm, the tensile strength of 254MPa, the yield strength of 212MPa and the elongation of 18 percent, has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, meets the requirements of being punched while having high strengthRequired shape property. The detection proves that the fan blade has uniform chemical components and the actual measurement of the density of the fan blade is 2.682-2.684g/cm3(ii) a The fan blades are uniform in thickness, and the actual measurement of the thickness difference of the same plate is 0.002 mm; taking any position of the fan blade to detect the surface density with the difference of +/-1.06 g/m2Within.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy strip has the advantages that through the design of ingot casting chemical composition, ingot casting homogenization treatment, hot rolling blank aluminum coil pre-annealing and low-temperature finished product annealing process, the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy strip is 245-265 MPa, the yield strength is greater than or equal to 200MPa, and the elongation is greater than or equal to 15%; through controlling the convexity and wedge rate of the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil, controlling the rolling lubricating oil indexes and the like, the aluminum alloy strip is uniform in thickness and chemical composition, the thickness difference of the same plate of the aluminum alloy strip is less than or equal to 0.003mm, the density of the aluminum alloy strip is 2.681-2.685g/cm3, and the surface density tolerance of any position of the aluminum alloy strip is +/-2 g/m2Within the range; therefore, the aluminum alloy strip produced by the preparation method of the aluminum alloy strip has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, good stamping formability and no warping deformation after forming.
The present invention provides an embodiment of the present invention, which is not limited to the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent flow transformations made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy strip is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, the components and the mass percentage are as follows: less than or equal to 0.12 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, 2.30-2.50 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, 0.20-0.23 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Ti, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities; the casting process adopts a semi-continuous casting method to prepare the cast ingot, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s11, selecting a remelting aluminum ingot of Al99.70 as a melt and smelting the remelting aluminum ingot into aluminum liquid, and preparing alloy elements Mg, Cr and Ti according to the mass percentage after the temperature of the aluminum liquid reaches 735-745 ℃;
step S12, uniformly spraying a covering agent on the surface of the aluminum liquid alloyed in the step S11, and stirring the aluminum liquid for 1-1.5 hours by using an automatic electromagnetic stirrer to ensure that the chemical components of the aluminum liquid are uniform;
step S13, transferring the aluminum liquid into a heat preservation furnace for refining, wherein chlorine is filled into the heat preservation furnace, and the refining time is 32-40 minutes;
s14, slagging off the molten aluminum refined in the step S13, and standing for 28-36 minutes;
s15, degassing the aluminum liquid after standing in sequence through a degassing box, wherein the hydrogen content in the degassing box is less than 0.12mL/100gAl, and the degassing in the degassing box is added in the mode of adding a grain refiner on line according to the mass percentage of the Ti element in the whole degassing process; the degassed aluminum liquid passes through a filter box, and the filter box performs two-stage filtration; casting the filtered molten aluminum through a crystallizer to obtain the ingot, wherein the casting speed is 42-46 mm/min, and the flow rate of casting cooling water is 280-360L/min;
step S2, preparing the cast ingot into a hot-rolled blank aluminum coil with the thickness of 4.0mm by adopting a hot rolling procedure:
step S21, milling the cast ingot, milling each 10mm large surface, and milling the cold interlayer and the segregation layer on the surface of the cast ingot;
step S22, carrying out homogenization treatment on the cast ingot after surface milling, wherein the homogenization process is that the temperature of the cast ingot is 500 +/-10 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10-12 hours;
step S23, rolling the ingot after the homogenization treatment by a hot continuous rolling mill to obtain the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil with the thickness of 4.0mm, wherein the final rolling temperature in the rolling process is 310-325 ℃, the convexity of the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil is 0.05-0.15%, and the wedge rate of two sides of the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil is less than 0.05%;
step S3, cold rolling the hot rolled blank aluminum coil to obtain a finished product aluminum coil with the thickness of 0.5-0.8 mm:
step S31, carrying out pre-annealing treatment on the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil, wherein the temperature of an annealing process is 340-360 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-4 hours;
s32, cold-rolling the hot-rolled blank aluminum coil obtained in the S31 to obtain a finished product aluminum coil, wherein the thickness of the finished product aluminum coil is 0.5-0.8 mm, and lubricating rolling oil is used in the cold-rolling process;
step S33, cleaning the finished product aluminum coil with clear water to remove lubricating rolling oil, aluminum powder and iron powder falling off from the roller;
step S34, carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment on the cleaned finished product aluminum coil in an annealing furnace, wherein the annealing process is to carry out metal temperature of 250-260 ℃ and keep the temperature for 2-3 hours;
and S4, performing finish rolling on the finished product aluminum coil subjected to the low-temperature annealing treatment, and straightening by a stretch bending straightening machine to obtain an aluminum alloy strip of 0.5-0.8 mm.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S11, Mg ingot is used as Mg element, and intermediate alloy is used as Cr element; wherein, before the remelting aluminum ingot is smelted, the remelting aluminum ingot is baked at the temperature of 100-150 ℃ to remove water.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S15, the double-stage filtration adopts a combined filter structure of a tube filter and a 60PPi ceramic filter plate.
4. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy strip as recited in claim 1, wherein in the step S15, the temperature difference of the aluminum liquid is within a range of +/-2 ℃, and the liquid level depth of the aluminum liquid is 40-50 mm.
5. The method of producing an aluminum alloy strip of claim 1, wherein the ingot has a thickness of 360 to 380 mm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S32, the crown of the upper and lower work rolls of the rolling mill during the cold rolling is 0.03 mm.
7. The method of manufacturing an aluminum alloy strip according to claim 1, wherein in the step S32, the ratio of carbon chain distribution C12 to C14 in the lubricating rolling oil is 2.0-2.5 to 1.
8. An aluminium alloy strip produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7, for use in the manufacture of a fan blade.
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