CN113046031A - Flexible phase-change heat storage composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Flexible phase-change heat storage composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible phase-change heat storage composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. The oil phase and the water phase are uniformly mixed to obtain an oil-in-water type high internal phase emulsion, a photoinitiator or ammonia water is added as a polymerization initiator to realize interfacial polymerization of a sulfhydryl compound and a water-soluble oligomer, and a cross-linked polymer film is formed at an interface to coat a phase-change material, so that the flexible phase-change heat storage composite material is obtained. The composite material has the advantages of adjustable appearance, good heat conduction performance, high heat storage density, flexibility at the temperature of more than 30 ℃, and capability of being curled and folded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to a flexible phase-change heat storage composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The phase change material needs to absorb a large amount of heat when melting from a solid state to a liquid state, and releases a large amount of heat when changing from a liquid state to a solid state. The process is reversible and can be cycled repeatedly for storage and release of heat. The latent heat of the phase-change material is utilized for heat storage, so that the heat storage device has the advantages of small temperature change and high heat storage density, and has wide application prospects in the fields of solar energy utilization, industrial waste heat and waste heat recovery, air conditioning energy conservation, building heating and the like. In use, to avoid leakage and deformation of the phase change material, it is often necessary to encapsulate or shape it. The adopted packaging method comprises an emulsion polymerization method, a condensation method, a suspension polymerization method, a polycondensation method and the like; the phase change material is generally shaped by compounding with a polymer or expanded graphite. A number of papers have issued a number of patents for encapsulation or shaping by the above methods, but such encapsulation or shaping greatly reduces the phase change material fraction, thereby reducing the heat storage density of the phase change composite.
In recent years, high internal phase emulsions (emulsions having a total volume fraction of dispersed phase in excess of 65%) and their use in the preparation of polymers have evolved significantly. The advantage of high volume fraction of the dispersed phase of the high internal phase emulsion is utilized to greatly improve the proportion of the phase-change material, and the prepared heat Storage composite Material realizes coating and shaping of the Phase Change Material at the same time, such as papers (Novel micro structured polyol-polystyrene composites for dispersed Phase heat Storage, Applied Energy, 2016, 172, 96-106; Encapsulating an organic Phase Change Material with a polyurethane foam, Polymer Chemistry, 2019, 10, 1498-1507; Closed-Cell, Phase Change Material-Encapsulated monomeric Phase a Reactive Emulsion for High interfacial Emulsion Energy Storage, Applied ACS Materials, 2020, 2, 2585) as a High Phase Change Material, through reaction, cross-linked polymer is formed at the interface of the continuous phase and the interface phase of the emulsion, so that the aims of solidifying the emulsion and coating the phase-change material are fulfilled. The heat storage composite material prepared by the method has obvious advantages, such as adjustable appearance of the composite; the specific surface area is large, and the compressibility is improved; the volume fraction of the dispersed phase is as high as 99 percent, the heat storage density is obviously improved, and the like.
However, such heat storage composites achieve cured emulsion microstructures and encapsulate phase change materials by crosslinking monomers in the high internal phase emulsion to form highly crosslinked polymers. The presence of a highly cross-linked structure of the polymer makes the heat storage composite brittle, which limits the wide use of such composites. In order to solve the problems, the invention prepares the flexible phase-change heat storage composite material by selecting proper monomers and a crosslinking method to solidify the high internal phase emulsion.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems and provides a flexible phase-change heat storage composite material and a preparation method thereof.
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a flexible phase-change heat storage composite material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the oil phase into the water phase, and uniformly mixing to obtain an oil-in-water type high internal phase emulsion; wherein the oil phase is a mixed solution of a multi-sulfhydryl compound and an organic phase-change material; the water phase is a mixed solution of a water-soluble emulsifier, a water-soluble oligomer and water; the volume ratio of the oil phase to the water phase is 2:1-6: 1;
adding a polymerization initiator into the high internal phase emulsion, and reacting at 20-30 ℃ to obtain the flexible phase-change heat storage composite material.
Further, the multi-sulfhydryl compound in the step (1) accounts for 1-10% of the total volume of the oil phase; the multi-mercapto compound is pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate and/or trimethylolpropane tri- (3-mercaptopropionate).
Further, the organic phase change material in the step (1) is one or more of dodecane, tridecane, tetradecane, pentadecane, hexadecane, heptadecane, octadecane, nonadecane, eicosane, heneicosane, docosane, tricosane and tetracosane. Preferably, the organic phase change material is one or more of heptadecane, octadecane and nonadecane.
Further, the water-soluble emulsifier in the step (1) accounts for 1-10% of the total weight of the water phase; the water-soluble emulsifier is poloxamer and/or alkylphenol polyoxyethylene. Preferably, the water-soluble emulsifier is an addition polymer of polypropylene glycol and ethylene oxide.
Further, the water-soluble oligomer in the step (1) accounts for 3-30% of the total weight of the water phase; the water-soluble oligomer is one or more of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), polyethylene glycol diacrylamide, polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol-polyethylene glycol diacrylate or polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol-polyethylene glycol diacrylamide.
Further, the molecular weight of the water-soluble oligomer was 400-1500 g/mol. Preferably, the water-soluble oligomer has a molecular weight of 700 g/mol; the use of a water-soluble oligomer having a molecular weight of 700g/mol allows the rate of interfacial polymerization to be controlled within a reasonable range.
Further, the molar ratio of the acrylate group or the acrylamide group in the water-soluble oligomer to the mercapto group in the polymercapto compound is 1:0.9 to 0.9: 1.
Further, the polymerization initiator in the step (2) is a photoinitiator or ammonia water, the addition amount of the photoinitiator is 1-15 wt% of the total weight of the solution, and the photoinitiation polymerization time is 5-30 minutes; the concentration of the ammonia water is 1-15 wt%, the volume ratio of the ammonia water to the high internal phase emulsion is 0.01-0.05:1, and the polymerization time is 30-50 seconds.
The invention also aims to provide a flexible phase-change heat storage composite material prepared by the preparation method.
Further, the profile of the composite material is dependent on the mold holding the high internal phase emulsion when cured.
Furthermore, the heat storage density of the composite material is as high as 210J/g, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.20-0.21W m-1K-1。
Further, the composite material has flexibility at 30 ℃ or above and can be rolled and folded.
The invention also provides application of the flexible phase-change heat storage composite material in heat storage and release.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the acrylate or propionamide group on the water-soluble oligomer used in the invention only reacts with the sulfydryl, and the reaction is not influenced by water, so that a crosslinked uniform polymer with few crosslinking defects and good extensibility can be obtained, and the composite material has flexibility and can be folded and curled.
(2) The volume fraction of the dispersed phase in the high internal phase emulsion can reach 99 percent, and the composite material is endowed with higher content of the phase-change material, so that the composite material has higher heat storage density.
(3) The invention completes the process of coating the phase change material by the polymer through chemical crosslinking, so the composite material has higher heat resistance and solvent resistance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a folding curl of a flexible phase change heat storage composite in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a thermogravimetric plot of the flexible phase change heat storage composite of examples 1 and 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a heat and cool release diagram of a flexible phase change heat storage composite according to examples 1 and 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram showing the repeated use of the flexible phase-change heat storage composite material in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention and to practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of an ammonia-initiated flexible phase-change heat storage composite material, which comprises the following steps:
2.86 g of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) and 0.50 g of addition polymer of polypropylene glycol and ethylene oxide are dissolved in 6.64 ml of water, the mixture is mechanically stirred until the mixture is completely dissolved, 1.00 g of pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate and 40 ml of octadecane are mixed, the octadecane mixed solution at 35 ℃ is dripped into the water solution under the condition of mechanical stirring, and the oil-in-water type high internal phase emulsion is obtained after uniform mixing. 0.20 ml of 5M/L ammonia water was added to the formed high internal phase emulsion, and the mixture was rapidly and uniformly mixed and dried to obtain a phase change heat storage composite material (sample 1). As shown in figure 1, the phase change composite material can be bent at the temperature of more than 30 ℃ and shows good flexibility.
Example 2:
the implementation provides a preparation method of an ammonia water-initiated flexible phase-change heat storage composite material, which comprises the following steps:
dissolving 1.43 g of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) and 0.50 g of addition polymer of polypropylene glycol and ethylene oxide in 6.64 ml of water, mechanically stirring until the addition polymer is completely dissolved, mixing 0.5 g of pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate with 35 ml of octadecane, dropwise adding the octadecane mixed solution at 35 ℃ into the water solution under the condition of mechanical stirring, and uniformly mixing to obtain the oil-in-water high internal phase emulsion. And adding 0.20 ml of 5M/L ammonia water into the formed high internal phase emulsion, quickly and uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain the phase-change heat storage composite material. As shown in figure 1, the phase change composite material can be bent at the temperature of more than 30 ℃ and shows good flexibility.
Example 3:
the implementation provides a preparation method of a photo-initiated flexible phase change heat storage composite material, which comprises the following steps:
2.86 g of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) and 0.50 g of addition polymer of polypropylene glycol and ethylene oxide are dissolved in 6.64 ml of water, the mixture is mechanically stirred until the mixture is completely dissolved, 1.00 g of pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate and 40 ml of octadecane are mixed, the mixed solution of the octadecane with the temperature of 35 ℃ is dripped into the water solution under the condition of mechanical stirring, and the oil-in-water type high internal phase emulsion is obtained after uniform mixing. And adding 0.20 g of photoinitiator into the formed emulsion, uniformly mixing, performing ultraviolet irradiation for 10 minutes, and drying to obtain the phase-change heat storage composite material (sample 2). The composite material is also flexible and bends above 30 ℃.
Example 4:
this implementation provides an application of flexible phase change heat storage composite material for thermal energy storage and release:
and (3) heat energy storage: when the composite material with the thickness of 2.0 mm is placed on a hot table at 40 ℃, the temperature of the composite material is gradually increased, and when the temperature is increased to about 28 ℃, the temperature increase speed is obviously reduced, which indicates the storage of heat energy. Heat energy release: the heated composite was transferred to a low temperature environment, where it was seen that the composite temperature decreased more slowly over a longer period of time, indicating release of thermal energy. The storage and release of the heat energy can realize the reasonable utilization of the heat energy.
TABLE 1 melting temperature, melting enthalpy, crystallization temperature and crystallization enthalpy of Flexible phase-Change Heat-storage composite
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a flexible phase-change heat storage composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding the oil phase into the water phase, and uniformly mixing to obtain an oil-in-water type high internal phase emulsion; wherein the oil phase is a mixed solution of a multi-sulfhydryl compound and an organic phase-change material; the water phase is a mixed solution of a water-soluble emulsifier, a water-soluble oligomer and water; the volume ratio of the oil phase to the water phase is 2:1-6: 1;
(2) adding a polymerization initiator into the high internal phase emulsion, and reacting at 20-30 ℃ to obtain the flexible phase-change heat storage composite material.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the multi-mercapto compound in step (1) is pentaerythritol tetrakis-3-mercaptopropionate and/or trimethylolpropane tris- (3-mercaptopropionate), and is 1-10% by volume based on the total volume of the oil phase.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic phase change material in step (1) is one or more of dodecane, tridecane, tetradecane, pentadecane, hexadecane, heptadecane, octadecane, nonadecane, eicosane, heneicosane, docosane, tricosane, and tetracosane.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble emulsifier in step (1) is poloxamer and/or alkylphenol ethoxylates, and accounts for 1-10% of the total weight of the water phase.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble oligomer in step (1) is one or more selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol-polyethylene glycol diacrylate and polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol-polyethylene glycol diacrylate, and is present in an amount of 3 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the aqueous phase.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the molar ratio of the acrylate group or the acrylamide group in the water-soluble oligomer to the mercapto group in the polymercapto compound is 1:0.9 to 0.9: 1.
7. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the polymerization initiator in the step (2) is a photoinitiator or aqueous ammonia.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the photoinitiator is added in an amount of 1-15% by weight based on the total weight of the solution; the volume ratio of the ammonia water to the high internal phase emulsion is 0.01-0.05: 1.
9. A flexible phase-change heat storage composite material obtained by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The flexible phase change thermal storage composite of claim 9 for use in heat storage and release.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115368875A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-22 | 苏州大学 | Flexible ice-based cold accumulation composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104356306A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-02-18 | 天津工业大学 | Preparation method of comb-shaped polymer phase change energy storage material |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115368875A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-22 | 苏州大学 | Flexible ice-based cold accumulation composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115368875B (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2023-07-25 | 苏州大学 | Flexible ice-based cold accumulation composite material and preparation method thereof |
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