CN113045469A - Synthesis method of lactam compound - Google Patents

Synthesis method of lactam compound Download PDF

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CN113045469A
CN113045469A CN202110307491.4A CN202110307491A CN113045469A CN 113045469 A CN113045469 A CN 113045469A CN 202110307491 A CN202110307491 A CN 202110307491A CN 113045469 A CN113045469 A CN 113045469A
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product
reaction
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lactam
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贾自自
王聪
秦建国
凌芳
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Shanghai Wokai Biotechnology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/18Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
    • C07D207/22Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/24Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D207/262-Pyrrolidones
    • C07D207/2632-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/2672-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D211/00Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D211/04Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D211/68Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
    • C07D211/72Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D211/74Oxygen atoms
    • C07D211/76Oxygen atoms attached in position 2 or 6

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing lactam compound, (1) under the protection of gas, dissolving N-F benzene sulfonamide and acyl chloride in an organic solvent, uniformly stirring, and reacting to obtain a crude product; (2) recrystallizing the crude product to obtain a product A; (3) dissolving the product A obtained in the step (2), cuprous iodide and phenanthroline in a mixed organic solvent, and heating for reaction to obtain an intermediate; (4) and dissolving the intermediate, adding tetrabutylammonium fluoride, and stirring to obtain the target product. The invention selects the commercially available N-F benzene sulfonamide and acyl chloride as the starting raw materials, and the materials are easy to obtain; the synthesis method of the invention selects the commercial cheap and easily available cuprous iodide as the catalyst, avoids using expensive noble metal catalyst, and effectively improves the economy; the whole synthesis method has mild reaction conditions; the target compound is obtained through free radical cyclization, the use of other oxidants or noble metal catalysts is avoided, and the synthesis cost is low.

Description

Synthesis method of lactam compound
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of compound synthesis, in particular to a synthesis method of a five-membered or six-membered ring lactam compound.
Background
In heterocyclic compounds, the lactam structure is an extremely important moiety, widely present in various natural products as well as in pharmaceutical molecules. Some lactam compounds have good biological activity and have been verified to have antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-senile dementia effects. For example, HIV-1 protease inhibitors containing a gamma-lactam structure have good water solubility and pharmacological activity. Valerolactam has also received much attention from chemists as an important organic synthesis intermediate. Inhibitors containing valerolactam structures have been reported to exhibit good activity. Therefore, it is of interest to find an efficient scheme for the synthesis of five-or six-membered ring lactam compounds.
At present, various methods for synthesizing five-or six-membered lactam compounds have been reported in the literature. Examples of the cyclization include a diffusion cyclization, a 4+1 cyclization, and a transition metal-catalyzed cyclization. However, these schemes have certain disadvantages, such as that the method for synthesizing gamma-lactam by beta-lactam cyclization is limited to specific substrate types, and needs stronger alkali (LDA and the like), which causes great inconvenience and pollution; 4+1 cyclization or other cyclization processes require the use of relatively expensive catalysts or require relatively high temperatures; transition metal catalyzed lactam compounds are usually catalyzed by the noble metals rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir), palladium (Pd), gold (Au), etc., and generally carried out at 50 to 70 ℃. Although the scheme realizes the preparation of a series of five-membered or six-membered ring lactam compounds, the preparation methods have certain limitations or need to use expensive catalysts.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simple lactam synthesis method aiming at the disadvantages of the existing synthesis method; the synthesis method is simple and convenient and has low cost.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for synthesizing lactam compound comprises the following steps:
(1) under the protection of gas, dissolving N-F benzene sulfonamide and acyl chloride in an organic solvent, uniformly stirring, and reacting to obtain a crude product;
(2) recrystallizing the crude product to obtain a product A; product a was a white solid;
(3) dissolving the product A obtained in the step (2), cuprous iodide (CuI) and phenanthroline in a mixed organic solvent, and heating for reaction to obtain an intermediate;
(4) dissolving the intermediate, adding tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF), and stirring to obtain a target product.
Further, in the step (1), under the protection of nitrogen, the N-F benzene sulfonamide and acyl chloride are dissolved in Dichloromethane (DCM) and stirred uniformly, and the mixture reacts for 2.5 hours at room temperature to obtain a crude product. The crude product is the crude product of the product A.
Further, the molar ratio of the N-F benzenesulfonamide to the acid chloride is 1: (1-1.5).
Further, the structural formula of the acyl chloride is shown in the specification
Figure BDA0002988107170000021
When the acid chloride is
Figure BDA0002988107170000022
When the reaction is carried out, the product A obtained is
Figure BDA0002988107170000023
When the acid chloride is
Figure BDA0002988107170000031
When the reaction is carried out, the product A is obtained
Figure BDA0002988107170000032
Wherein R represents aryl, R1、R2、R3Represents an alkyl group.
Further, the molar ratio of the cuprous iodide, the phenanthroline and the product A in the step (3) is (0.5-1): (1-1.5): 10; the heating temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the reaction time is 1.5 hours; the mixed organic solvent is a mixture of Dichloroethane (DCE) and methanol (MeOH).
Further, when the product A is
Figure BDA0002988107170000033
When the intermediate obtained in the step (3) is
Figure BDA0002988107170000034
When the product A is
Figure BDA0002988107170000035
When the intermediate obtained in the step (3) is
Figure BDA0002988107170000036
Wherein R represents aryl, R1、R2、R3Represents an alkyl group.
Further, the volume ratio of the dichloroethane to the methanol is 10: 1.
further, in the step (4), the intermediate is dissolved in Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) is added, and the reaction is stirred at room temperature for 16 hours to obtain the target product.
Further, the molar ratio of the intermediate to the tetrahydrofuran is 1: (1-1.5).
Further, when the intermediate is
Figure BDA0002988107170000037
Then, the target product obtained by the reaction in the step (4) is the five-membered ring lactam
Figure BDA0002988107170000038
When the intermediate is
Figure BDA0002988107170000039
Then, the target product obtained by the reaction in the step (4) is the six-membered cyclic lactam
Figure BDA0002988107170000041
Wherein R represents aryl, R1、R2、R3Represents an alkyl group.
Specifically, the synthetic route of the invention is as follows:
(1) when the acid chloride is
Figure BDA0002988107170000042
By the scheme of the inventionSynthesizing five-membered cyclic lactam, wherein the synthetic route is shown as (a) and (b): wherein R represents aryl, R1、R2、R3Represents an alkyl group;
Figure BDA0002988107170000043
(2) when the acid chloride is
Figure BDA0002988107170000044
By the scheme of the invention, the six-membered cyclic lactam can be synthesized, and the synthetic routes are shown as (c) and (d): wherein R represents aryl, R1、R2、R3Represents an alkyl group;
Figure BDA0002988107170000045
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention selects the commercially available N-F benzene sulfonamide and acyl chloride as the starting raw materials, and the materials are easy to obtain; meanwhile, the synthesis method of the invention selects the commercial cheap and easily available cuprous iodide as the catalyst, thereby avoiding the use of expensive noble metal catalyst and effectively improving the economy; the whole synthesis method has mild reaction conditions; the target compound is obtained through free radical cyclization, the use of other oxidants or noble metal catalysts is avoided, and the synthesis cost is low.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for synthesizing lactam compound comprises the following steps: the acyl chloride selected in the synthesis method is
Figure BDA0002988107170000051
Wherein R is aryl, R1Is methyl, i.e.
Figure BDA0002988107170000052
(1) Under the protection of nitrogen, N-F benzene sulfonamide,
Figure BDA0002988107170000053
(acyl chloride) is dissolved in dichloromethane and stirred evenly, and stirred and reacted for 2.5 hours at room temperature to obtain
Figure BDA0002988107170000054
(this is the crude product of product A); in this reaction step N-F benzenesulfonamide with
Figure BDA0002988107170000055
The molar ratio is 1: 1.2;
(2) recrystallizing the crude product of the product A obtained in the step (1) to obtain the product A
Figure BDA0002988107170000061
(product A);
(3) dissolving the product A obtained in the step (2), cuprous iodide and phenanthroline in a mixed solvent of dichloroethane and methanol, and heating and reacting at 70 ℃ for 1.5 hours to obtain the copper iodide copper phenanthroline
Figure BDA0002988107170000062
(intermediate); and the molar ratio of the cuprous iodide to the phenanthroline to the product A is 1: 1.2: 10; the volume ratio of dichloroethane to methanol was 10: 1;
(4) subjecting the product obtained in step (3)
Figure BDA0002988107170000063
Dissolving the intermediate in tetrahydrofuran, adding tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF), stirring at room temperature for reaction for 16 hours to obtain the target product, namely the five-membered cyclic lactam
Figure BDA0002988107170000064
The molar ratio of the intermediate to tetrahydrofuran in this step is 1: 1.2.
the synthetic route of this example 1 is specifically shown in the following equations (1) and (2):
Figure BDA0002988107170000065
example 2
A method for synthesizing lactam compound comprises the following steps: the acyl chloride selected in the synthesis method is
Figure BDA0002988107170000071
Wherein R is aryl, R2、R3Is methyl, i.e.
Figure BDA0002988107170000072
(1) Under the protection of nitrogen, N-F benzene sulfonamide,
Figure BDA0002988107170000073
(acyl chloride) is dissolved in dichloromethane and stirred evenly, and stirred and reacted for 2.5 hours at room temperature to obtain
Figure BDA0002988107170000074
(i.e., crude product a); in this reaction step N-F benzenesulfonamide with
Figure BDA0002988107170000075
The molar ratio is 1: 1.2;
(2) recrystallizing the crude product of the product A obtained in the step (1) to obtain the product A
Figure BDA0002988107170000076
(product A);
(3) dissolving the product A obtained in the step (2), cuprous iodide and phenanthroline in a mixed solvent of dichloroethane and methanol, and heating and reacting at 70 ℃ for 1.5 hours to obtain the copper iodide copper phenanthroline
Figure BDA0002988107170000077
(intermediate); and the molar ratio of the cuprous iodide to the phenanthroline to the product A is 1: 1.2: 10; the volume ratio of dichloroethane to methanol was 10: 1;
(5) subjecting the product obtained in step (3)
Figure BDA0002988107170000078
Dissolving the intermediate in tetrahydrofuran, adding tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF), stirring at room temperature for reaction for 16 hours to obtain the target product, namely the hexatomic cyclic lactam
Figure BDA0002988107170000081
And the molar ratio of the intermediate to tetrahydrofuran is 1: 1.2.
the synthetic route of this example 2 is specifically shown in the following equations (1) and (2):
Figure BDA0002988107170000082
example 3
A method for synthesizing lactam compound comprises the following steps: the acyl chloride selected in the synthesis method is
Figure BDA0002988107170000083
Wherein R is aryl, R1Is methyl, i.e.
Figure BDA0002988107170000084
(1) Under the protection of nitrogen, N-F benzene sulfonamide,
Figure BDA0002988107170000085
(acyl chloride) is dissolved in dichloromethane and stirred evenly, and stirred and reacted for 2.5 hours at room temperature to obtain
Figure BDA0002988107170000086
(i.e., crude product a); wherein N-F benzenesulfonamide and
Figure BDA0002988107170000087
the molar ratio is 1: 1;
(2) recrystallizing the crude product of the product A obtained in the step (1) to obtain the product A
Figure BDA0002988107170000091
(product A);
(3) dissolving the product A obtained in the step (2), cuprous iodide and phenanthroline in a mixed solvent of dichloroethane and methanol, and heating and reacting at 80 ℃ for 1.5 hours to obtain the copper iodide copper phenanthroline
Figure BDA0002988107170000092
(intermediate); and the molar ratio of the cuprous iodide to the phenanthroline to the product A is 0.5: 1: 10; the volume ratio of dichloroethane to methanol was 10: 1;
(6) subjecting the product obtained in step (3)
Figure BDA0002988107170000093
Dissolving the intermediate in tetrahydrofuran, adding tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF), stirring at room temperature for reaction for 16 hours to obtain the target product, namely the five-membered cyclic lactam
Figure BDA0002988107170000094
And the molar ratio of the intermediate to tetrahydrofuran is 1: 1.5.
example 4
A method for synthesizing lactam compound comprises the following steps: the acyl chloride selected in the synthesis method is
Figure BDA0002988107170000095
Wherein R is aryl, R1Is methyl, i.e.
Figure BDA0002988107170000096
(1) Under the protection of nitrogen, N-F benzene sulfonamide,
Figure BDA0002988107170000097
(acyl chloride) is dissolved in dichloromethane and stirred evenly, and stirred and reacted for 2.5 hours at room temperature to obtain
Figure BDA0002988107170000101
(i.e., crude product a); wherein N-F benzenesulfonamide and
Figure BDA0002988107170000102
the molar ratio is 1: 1.5;
(2) recrystallizing the crude product of the product A obtained in the step (1) to obtain the product A
Figure BDA0002988107170000103
(product A);
(3) dissolving the product A obtained in the step (2), cuprous iodide and phenanthroline in a mixed solvent of dichloroethane and methanol, and heating and reacting at 60 ℃ for 1.5 hours to obtain the copper iodide copper phenanthroline
Figure BDA0002988107170000104
(intermediate); and the molar ratio of the cuprous iodide to the phenanthroline to the product A is 0.8: 1.5: 10; the volume ratio of dichloroethane to methanol was 10: 1;
(4) subjecting the product obtained in step (3)
Figure BDA0002988107170000105
Dissolving the intermediate in tetrahydrofuran, adding tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF), stirring at room temperature for reaction for 16 hours to obtain the target product, namely the five-membered cyclic lactam
Figure BDA0002988107170000106
And the molar ratio of the intermediate to tetrahydrofuran is 1: 1.
the difference between the above example 1 and example 2 is that the acyl chloride is selected differently, and the rest of the synthesis conditions are the same; examples 3 and 4 are the same as those of example 1 except for the addition ratio of each component and the difference in reaction conditions.
The above-mentioned preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided for illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention. Obvious variations or modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for synthesizing a lactam compound, comprising the steps of:
(1) under the protection of gas, dissolving N-F benzene sulfonamide and acyl chloride in an organic solvent, uniformly stirring, and reacting to obtain a crude product;
(2) recrystallizing the crude product to obtain a product A;
(3) dissolving the product A, cuprous iodide and phenanthroline obtained in the step (2) in a mixed organic solvent, and heating for reaction to obtain an intermediate;
(4) and dissolving the intermediate, adding tetrabutylammonium fluoride, and stirring to obtain the target product.
2. The method for synthesizing lactam compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), under nitrogen protection, N-F benzene sulfonamide and acyl chloride are dissolved in dichloromethane and stirred uniformly, and reacted at room temperature for 2.5 hours to obtain crude product.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of N-F benzenesulfonamide to acid chloride is 1: (1-1.5).
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the acid chloride has the formula
Figure FDA0002988107160000011
When the acid chloride is
Figure FDA0002988107160000012
When the reaction is carried out, the product A obtained is
Figure FDA0002988107160000013
When the acid chloride is
Figure FDA0002988107160000014
When the reaction is carried out, the product A is obtained
Figure FDA0002988107160000015
Wherein R represents aryl, R1、R2、R3Represents an alkyl group.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the molar ratio of the cuprous iodide, the phenanthroline and the product A in step (3) is (0.5-1): (1-1.5): 10; the heating temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the reaction time is 1.5 hours; the mixed organic solvent is a mixture of dichloroethane and methanol.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein when said product A is selected from the group consisting of
Figure FDA0002988107160000021
When the intermediate obtained in the step (3) is
Figure FDA0002988107160000022
When the product A is
Figure FDA0002988107160000023
When the intermediate obtained in the step (3) is
Figure FDA0002988107160000024
Wherein R represents aryl, R1、R2、R3Represents an alkyl group.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the volume ratio of dichloroethane to methanol is 10: 1.
8. the method according to claim 6, wherein the intermediate in step (4) is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran, tetrabutylammonium fluoride is added, and the reaction is stirred at room temperature for 16 hours to obtain the target product.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the molar ratio of the intermediate to the tetrahydrofuran is 1: (1-1.5).
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the intermediate is a lactam compound
Figure FDA0002988107160000025
Then, the target product obtained by the reaction in the step (4) is the five-membered ring lactam
Figure FDA0002988107160000031
When the intermediate is
Figure FDA0002988107160000032
Then, the target product obtained by the reaction in the step (4) is the six-membered cyclic lactam
Figure FDA0002988107160000033
Wherein R represents aryl, R1、R2、R3Represents an alkyl group.
CN202110307491.4A 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 Synthesis method of lactam compound Pending CN113045469A (en)

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IRIS ANNE SCHULTE-WÜLWER,ET AL.: "Copper(I)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Addition of N-Chloroamides to Double Bonds; an Efficient Synthesis of Lactams from Unsaturated Amides", 《SYNTHESIS》 *

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