CN113045404A - Preparation method of zinc monostearate for PVC heat stabilizer - Google Patents

Preparation method of zinc monostearate for PVC heat stabilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113045404A
CN113045404A CN202110276317.8A CN202110276317A CN113045404A CN 113045404 A CN113045404 A CN 113045404A CN 202110276317 A CN202110276317 A CN 202110276317A CN 113045404 A CN113045404 A CN 113045404A
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China
Prior art keywords
zinc
monostearate
heat stabilizer
stearic acid
pvc heat
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CN202110276317.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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陈金鹏
俞继华
林泽鹏
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Guangdong Xinda New Material Technology Co ltd
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Guangdong Xinda New Material Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C08K5/098Metal salts of carboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C51/00Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
    • C07C51/41Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids
    • C07C51/412Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids by conversion of the acids, their salts, esters or anhydrides with the same carboxylic acid part
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/08Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of zinc monostearate for a PVC heat stabilizer, which comprises the following steps: putting stearic acid and an organic composite solvent into a reactor, adding an inorganic base, stirring to completely dissolve the stearic acid, slowly dropwise adding a zinc salt solution, stirring, cooling, filtering, and drying to obtain the zinc monostearate. The zinc monostearate heat stabilizer prepared by the invention contains hydroxide ions and stearate ions, and the two different ions can generate a synergistic effect with each other; meanwhile, compared with the traditional double stearate ion zinc stearate heat stabilizer, the new hydroxide ion replaces one stearate ion, so that the zinc content of the target product is greatly improved, and the heat stabilizing effect of the heat stabilizer is improved due to the improvement of the zinc content. The zinc monostearate heat stabilizer prepared by the invention has the advantages of simple synthesis method, good stability, no heavy metal element contained in the product, no toxicity and environmental protection.

Description

Preparation method of zinc monostearate for PVC heat stabilizer
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of zinc monostearate for a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) heat stabilizer, belonging to the technical field of synthesis of PVC processing aids.
Background
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of five general-purpose resins in the world, and is one of the earliest industrialized resins, and its yield is second only to polyethylene, and because of its excellent performance and low price, it is widely used in various fields of people's lives. But because of the defects of the structure, the dehydrochlorination reaction is easy to occur in the heating process so as to degrade. Therefore, heat stabilizers must be added in PVC processing applications.
Currently, lead salts, metallic soaps, organotin compounds, rare earths and organic auxiliary heat stabilizers are mainly used as industrial PVC heat stabilizers. Although lead stabilizers have a good stabilizing effect, they pollute the environment and are harmful to the human body. Therefore, the development of the heat stabilizer which is environment-friendly, multifunctional, nontoxic and reasonable in price is necessary. Among the nontoxic environment-friendly heat stabilizers, calcium zinc stabilizers have become a hot spot in the research and development of heat stabilizers at home and abroad due to the advantages of nontoxicity, environmental protection, low price and the like. However, calcium zinc stabilizers mostly mainly comprise calcium zinc stearate at present, and a traditional zinc stearate heat stabilizer contains two stearate groups, so that the content of effective metals is not high, and the heat stability effect is greatly reduced.
Accordingly, the prior art is deficient and needs improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the zinc monostearate for the PVC heat stabilizer is high in zinc content, free of any heavy metal element, non-toxic, environment-friendly, excellent in heat stability and light transmittance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of zinc monostearate for a PVC heat stabilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: adding stearic acid and an organic composite solvent into a reactor according to a mass ratio of 1: 5-20, and mixing and stirring for 10-50 min;
s2: adding an inorganic alkali compound into a reactor, wherein the mass ratio of the inorganic alkali compound to stearic acid is 2-5: 1, continuously stirring for 50-60 minutes until stearic acid is completely dissolved;
s3: controlling the temperature in the reactor at 40-100 ℃, then slowly dropwise adding a zinc salt solution, wherein the molar ratio of stearic acid to the zinc salt solution is 1: 1-1.5, stirring in the reactor, reacting for 2-4 h, and then cooling, filtering and drying to obtain a finished product of zinc monostearate.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the stearic acid to the organic complex solvent is 1:5, and the molar ratio of the stearic acid to the zinc salt solution is 1:1.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the stearic acid to the organic composite solvent is 1: 20; the molar ratio of the stearic acid to the zinc salt solution is 1: 1.5.
Preferably, the organic complex solvent is a higher alcohol.
Preferably, the higher alcohol is an alcohol having a carbon number of 4 to 9.
Preferably, the inorganic alkali compound is one of sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution or other soluble alkalis.
Preferably, the zinc salt solution is one of a zinc chloride solution, a zinc nitrate solution or a zinc sulfate solution.
Preferably, in step S3, the dropping rate of the zinc salt solution is 0.1-0.5 ml/S.
Preferably, in step S3, the zinc monostearate is vacuum filtered by using a suction pump to reduce the pressure in the reactor, thereby achieving the purpose of solid-liquid separation.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the zinc monostearate heat stabilizer prepared by the invention contains hydroxide ions and stearate ions, and the two different ions can generate a synergistic effect with each other, so that the heat stabilization effect of the zinc monostearate heat stabilizer is improved; meanwhile, compared with the traditional double stearate ion zinc stearate heat stabilizer, the new hydroxide ion replaces one stearate ion, so that the zinc content of the target product is greatly improved, and the heat stabilizing effect of the heat stabilizer is improved due to the improvement of the zinc content. The zinc monostearate heat stabilizer prepared by the invention has the advantages of simple synthesis method, good stability, no heavy metal element contained in the product, no toxicity, environmental protection, effective adsorption of free HCL due to a special structure, and excellent heat stability and light transmittance.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples in order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of zinc monostearate for a PVC heat stabilizer, which comprises the steps of adding stearic acid and an organic composite solvent into a reactor according to the mass ratio of 1:5, mixing and stirring for 10 min; adding an inorganic alkali compound into the reactor, wherein the mass ratio of the inorganic alkali compound to stearic acid is 2:1, the inorganic alkali compound is a sodium hydroxide solution, and continuously stirring for 50min until the stearic acid is completely dissolved; controlling the temperature in the reactor at 40 ℃, then slowly dropwise adding a zinc chloride solution at a dropping rate of 0.1ml/s, wherein the molar ratio of stearic acid to the zinc chloride solution is 1:1, reacting for 2 hours under stirring, and then cooling, filtering and drying to obtain the zinc monostearate.
In the reaction for synthesizing the zinc monostearate, the organic composite solvent is adopted to control the speed of combining zinc ions with stearate ions and hydroxide ions, so that hydroxide groups are introduced into a target product, and finally the zinc monostearate heat stabilizer is obtained. The zinc content of the target product zinc monostearate is measured to be 17.34 percent by a chemical titration method; the glass transition temperature Tg of the target product zinc monostearate is measured to be 156 ℃ by DSC (differential scanning calorimeter); the Tg of the traditional zinc stearate is 120 ℃, which shows that a new substance other than zinc stearate is generated; the zinc monostearate as the target product is found to be 1540cm in FT-IR infrared spectrum-1Presents an RCOO-Characteristic absorption peaks, which show that the target product mainly exists in a complex structure form; the wide-angle X-ray diffraction method is adopted to measure that the zinc monostearate of the target product only has one peak within 18-25 degrees of 2H, and the corresponding crystal face spacing is 0.4083 nm; according to the aboveThe analysis and test result shows that the structural formula of the target product zinc monostearate is Zn (C)17H35COO) (OH) wherein C17H35COO_Is stearate ion, OH_Is hydroxyl ion, and meets the expected requirement.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of zinc monostearate for a PVC heat stabilizer, which comprises the steps of adding stearic acid and an organic composite solvent into a reactor according to the mass ratio of 1:11, mixing and stirring for 30 min; adding an inorganic alkali compound into the reactor, wherein the mass ratio of the inorganic alkali compound to stearic acid is 3:1, the inorganic alkali compound is potassium hydroxide solution, and continuously stirring for 55min until the stearic acid is completely dissolved; controlling the temperature in the reactor at 70 ℃, then slowly dropwise adding a zinc nitrate solution at a dropping rate of 0.3ml/s, wherein the molar ratio of stearic acid to the zinc nitrate solution is 1:1.3, reacting for 3 hours under stirring, and then cooling, filtering and drying to obtain the zinc monostearate.
In the reaction for synthesizing the zinc monostearate, the organic composite solvent is adopted to control the speed of combining zinc ions with stearate ions and hydroxide ions, so that hydroxide groups are introduced into a target product, and finally the zinc monostearate heat stabilizer is obtained. The zinc content of the target product zinc monostearate is measured to be 16.84 percent by a chemical titration method; the glass transition temperature Tg of the target product zinc monostearate is measured by DSC (differential scanning calorimeter) to be 158 ℃; the Tg of the traditional zinc stearate is 120 ℃, which shows that a new substance other than zinc stearate is generated; the target product zinc monostearate is found to be 1550cm in FT-IR infrared spectroscopy-1Presents an RCOO-Characteristic absorption peaks, which show that the target product mainly exists in a complex structure form; the wide-angle X-ray diffraction method is adopted to measure that the zinc monostearate of the target product only has one peak within 18-25 degrees of 2H, and the corresponding crystal face spacing is 0.4083 nm; according to the analysis and test results, the structural formula of the target product zinc monostearate is deduced to be Zn (C)17H35COO) (OH) wherein C17H35COO_For the formation of stearateOH, a seed_Is hydroxyl ion, and meets the expected requirement.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of zinc monostearate for a PVC heat stabilizer, which comprises the steps of adding stearic acid and an organic composite solvent into a reactor according to the mass ratio of 1:20, mixing and stirring for 50 min; adding an inorganic alkali compound into the reactor, wherein the mass ratio of the inorganic alkali compound to stearic acid is 5:1, the inorganic alkali compound is potassium hydroxide solution, and continuously stirring for 60min until the stearic acid is completely dissolved; controlling the temperature in the reactor at 100 ℃, then slowly dropwise adding a zinc sulfate solution at a dropping rate of 0.5ml/s, wherein the molar ratio of stearic acid to the zinc sulfate solution is 1:1.5, reacting for 4 hours under stirring, and then cooling, filtering and drying to obtain the zinc monostearate.
In the reaction for synthesizing the zinc monostearate, the organic composite solvent is adopted to control the speed of combining zinc ions with stearate ions and hydroxide ions, so that hydroxide groups are introduced into a target product, and finally the zinc monostearate heat stabilizer is obtained. The zinc content of the target product zinc monostearate is 18.51 percent by chemical titration; the glass transition temperature Tg of the target product zinc monostearate is measured to be 159 ℃ by DSC (differential scanning calorimeter); the Tg of the traditional zinc stearate is 120 ℃, which shows that a new substance other than zinc stearate is generated; the target product zinc monostearate is found to be 1545cm in FT-IR infrared spectrum-1Presents an RCOO-Characteristic absorption peaks, which show that the target product mainly exists in a complex structure form; the wide-angle X-ray diffraction method is adopted to measure that the zinc monostearate of the target product only has one peak within 18-25 degrees of 2H, and the corresponding crystal face spacing is 0.4083 nm; according to the analysis and test results, the structural formula of the target product zinc monostearate is deduced to be Zn (C)17H35COO) (OH) wherein C17H35COO_Is stearate ion, OH_Is hydroxyl ion, and meets the expected requirement.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the zinc monostearate heat stabilizer prepared by the invention contains hydroxide ions and stearate ions, and the two different ions can generate a synergistic effect with each other, so that the heat stabilization effect of the zinc monostearate heat stabilizer is improved; meanwhile, compared with the traditional double stearate ion zinc stearate heat stabilizer, the new hydroxide ion replaces one stearate ion, so that the zinc content of the target product is greatly improved, and the improvement of the zinc content can also improve the heat stabilization effect of the heat stabilizer; in addition, the zinc monostearate heat stabilizer prepared by the invention has the advantages of simple synthesis method, good stability, no heavy metal element contained in the product, no toxicity, environmental protection, effective adsorption of free HCL due to a special structure, and excellent heat stability and light transmittance.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of zinc monostearate for a PVC heat stabilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: adding stearic acid and an organic composite solvent into a reactor according to a mass ratio of 1: 5-20, and mixing and stirring for 10-50 min;
s2: adding an inorganic alkali compound into a reactor, wherein the mass ratio of the inorganic alkali compound to stearic acid is 2-5: 1, continuously stirring for 50-60 min until stearic acid is completely dissolved;
s3: controlling the temperature in the reactor at 40-100 ℃, then slowly dropwise adding a zinc salt solution, wherein the molar ratio of stearic acid to the zinc salt solution is 1: 1-1.5, stirring and reacting in the reactor for 2-4 h, and then cooling, filtering and drying to obtain a finished product of zinc monostearate.
2. The method for preparing zinc monostearate for PVC heat stabilizer according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of the stearic acid to the organic composite solvent is 1:5, and the molar ratio of the stearic acid to the zinc salt solution is 1:1.
3. The method for preparing zinc monostearate for PVC heat stabilizer according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of the stearic acid to the organic composite solvent is 1:20, and the molar ratio of the stearic acid to the zinc salt solution is 1: 1.5.
4. The method for preparing zinc monostearate for PVC heat stabilizer according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the organic composite solvent is high-carbon alcohol.
5. The method for preparing zinc monostearate for PVC heat stabilizer according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the higher alcohol is C4-C9 alcohol.
6. The method for preparing zinc monostearate for PVC heat stabilizer according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the inorganic alkali compound is one of sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution or other soluble alkalis.
7. The method for preparing zinc monostearate for PVC heat stabilizer according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the zinc salt solution is one of a zinc chloride solution, a zinc nitrate solution or a zinc sulfate solution.
8. The method for preparing zinc monostearate for PVC heat stabilizer according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: in step S3, the dropping rate of the zinc salt solution is 0.1-0.5 ml/S.
9. The method for preparing zinc monostearate for PVC heat stabilizer according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: in step S3, the zinc monostearate is vacuum filtered by using an air pump to reduce the pressure in the reactor, thereby achieving the purpose of solid-liquid separation.
CN202110276317.8A 2021-03-15 2021-03-15 Preparation method of zinc monostearate for PVC heat stabilizer Pending CN113045404A (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110358221A (en) * 2019-07-29 2019-10-22 唐山师范学院 PVC sorbic acid lanthanum composite thermal stabilizer
CN112174810A (en) * 2020-09-15 2021-01-05 山东省高密市友和助剂有限公司 Preparation method of modified zinc stearate

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110358221A (en) * 2019-07-29 2019-10-22 唐山师范学院 PVC sorbic acid lanthanum composite thermal stabilizer
CN112174810A (en) * 2020-09-15 2021-01-05 山东省高密市友和助剂有限公司 Preparation method of modified zinc stearate

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
杨占红 等: "硬脂酸铝制备方法的研究", 《河南化工》 *
贾志军: "硬脂酸盐生产工艺改进", 《江苏化工》 *

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