CN113043826B - Three-motor range extending system - Google Patents
Three-motor range extending system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113043826B CN113043826B CN202110506882.9A CN202110506882A CN113043826B CN 113043826 B CN113043826 B CN 113043826B CN 202110506882 A CN202110506882 A CN 202110506882A CN 113043826 B CN113043826 B CN 113043826B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
- B60L50/62—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a three-motor range extending system, which comprises: the power-assisted steering system comprises an internal combustion engine, a range-extending control unit, a first planetary gear mechanism, a first brake, a first generator, a second brake, a second clutch, a second generator, a second planetary gear mechanism, an external power take-off gear, a first clutch, an external power take-off interface, a high-pressure air pump, a third clutch, a third generator, a power-assisted steering oil pump and an oil pump power take-off gear. By utilizing the mechanical coupling relation and the power splitting principle of the planetary gear trains, two groups of planetary gear trains and three groups of generators are adopted, and the working states of the internal combustion engine and the three groups of generators are dynamically adjusted, so that the effect of greatly expanding the high-efficiency working area of the power generation system under different power requirements is achieved. Meanwhile, according to the torque coupling relation between the generator and the connecting equipment, the torque balance principle of the planetary gear train is used, and the torque balance compensation principle of the generator is utilized to realize the simultaneous power generation and driving of the connecting equipment (an air pump, an oil pump and an external device) to work. The internal combustion engine, the generator, the brake and the clutch are logically controlled by the range-extending control unit so as to achieve the control and coordination of system components and the performance realization of the whole system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a range extending system of an internal combustion engine of a new energy automobile, in particular to a three-motor range extending system.
Background
The current situation of the range extending system of the internal combustion engine is as follows: the basic framework that an internal combustion engine drives a generator to work is taken as a main part, the power of a power generation system is directly and linearly determined by the power generation capacity and the load demand, the high-efficiency area of a range-extending system of the internal combustion engine is limited and is not convenient for dynamic adjustment, and the power generation efficiency is not high particularly under the working condition of low-power continuous demand, so that the economy is influenced; in addition, a range-extended vehicle (particularly a large commercial vehicle or a working equipment vehicle) has other possible working power requirements (a hydraulic lifting system, hydraulic working equipment and the like) besides a driving auxiliary system (an electric air pump, an electric power steering oil pump and the like), and the cost and pressure are high in the case of excessive bulk cargo loading besides the large number of bulk cargo matching parts, complicated spatial arrangement, multiple energy transmission paths and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a three-motor range extending system which has the advantages of high integration level, low failure risk and good economic performance.
In order to achieve the above object, the three-motor range extending system of the present invention is as follows:
The three-motor range extending system is mainly characterized by comprising an internal combustion engine, a range extending control unit, a first planetary gear mechanism, a first brake, a first generator, a second brake, a second clutch, a second generator, a second planetary gear mechanism, an external power take-off gear, a first clutch, an external power take-off interface, a high-pressure air pump, a third clutch, a third generator, a power steering pump and an oil pump power take-off gear, wherein the power generating system of a three-generator framework based on a double planetary gear system coupling principle optimizes and matches the working conditions of three groups of generators; the torque balance compensation principle of the generator is utilized to realize that the external equipment can be driven to work while generating power, namely, the rotating speed of the planetary gear train has three-parameter constraint relation when the planetary gear train works, the torque has fixed proportional relation, when a moving part in the planetary gear train is simultaneously connected with the generator and the connecting equipment, the torque acting on the gear train part is formed by forward coupling of the torque of the generator and the torque of the connecting equipment, the generator and the connecting equipment synchronously participate in the torque/rotating speed coupling and power shunting mechanism of the planetary gear train, and when the load of the connecting equipment changes, the generator carries out load change balance compensation.
Preferably, the planetary gear train gear ring and the planet carrier in the system are both connected with equipment, the equipment connected with the planetary gear train gear ring and the planet carrier can work in a coupling relation or work independently, the air pump and the power steering oil pump independently control certain rotating speed, and the rotating speed relation between the air pump and the power steering oil pump is restrained to work in a coupling way by controlling and limiting the rotating speed of the sun wheel.
Preferably, the air pump in the system is a scroll or sliding vane air compressor, and when the scroll or sliding vane air compressor works, the pressure air pressure provided by the scroll or sliding vane air compressor has small pulsation and is relatively stable, so that the system is suitable for relatively stable dynamic load change balance compensation of the generator in the planetary gear train.
Preferably, the system further comprises an integrated auxiliary device, when the integrated auxiliary device works, the power requirements of the vehicle auxiliary device in an extended range power generation mode and an electric power mode are met simultaneously, in the electric power mode, a planetary gear train connected with the auxiliary device is separated from the extended range internal combustion engine, and the auxiliary device works under the driving of a generator; in the extended-range power generation mode, the auxiliary equipment can work independently, and can also work together with an internal combustion engine, a generator and other components in a power generation state in a coupling mode.
Preferably, the vehicle accessory integrated with the range extending system has a normal operation mode and a clearance operation mode, wherein the clearance operation mode can be realized by combining the clutch and outputting power to external equipment to drive the external equipment to operate, namely, the power steering oil pump is a normal flow type hydraulic pump, needs to continuously provide power steering assistance for the vehicle and needs to be connected with the normal flow type hydraulic pump all the time and output power; the air pump or the external equipment is only combined with the clutch when needing to work, and the clutch is separated when not needing to work.
Preferably, the system has three power generation modes, and the high-efficiency power working area of the power generation system is expanded by the strategy control of the range-extending control unit according to the working principle of the planetary gear train mechanism, namely, a single-machine power generation mode, a double-machine power generation mode and a three-machine power generation mode are formed.
Preferably, the system has three starting modes, and a single-engine starting mode, a double-engine starting mode and a three-engine starting mode are formed by controlling the first brake, the second brake and the second clutch, matching with the vehicle energy storage system and through strategy control of the range extending control unit.
Preferably, the system has four auxiliary driving modes, and a single-motor driving mode, a double-motor common driving mode, a double-motor independent driving mode and a double-motor coordination driving mode are formed by controlling the connection or the disconnection of the second clutch and controlling the rotation speed of the second generator, the third generator and the sun gear of the second planetary gear mechanism.
By adopting the three-motor range extending system, the high-efficiency working area range and distribution of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine power generation system are expanded, so that the dynamic economic working condition coverage degree of the power generation system is improved, and particularly the economic problem of the high-power internal combustion engine power generation system in a continuous low-power generation demand state is solved. Meanwhile, the vehicle auxiliary part is driven to work while power is generated, and the device has multiple functions, namely a high-pressure air pump, a power-assisted steering oil pump and an external power take-off interface are integrated by using the range extending system, so that the system integration level is improved. The working condition coverage range of the high-efficiency power of the power generation system is widened, so that the comprehensive economic performance of the power generation system is improved; the proportion of efficient power probability of a power following strategy is improved; because the generator is composed of three groups of generators, when one group of generators has faults, other generators can be adopted to perform certain function compensation, and the risk of complete failure is reduced; the common vehicle accessory system is designed and controlled in an integrated mode, so that the power generation system is optimized and the system integration level is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three motor range extending system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power generation mode 1 of the three-motor range extending system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the start mode of the generating mode 2 of the three motor range extending system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the power generation mode 2 of the three-motor range extending system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the start mode of power generation mode 3 of the three motor range extension system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the power generation mode 3 of the three-motor range extending system of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1 an internal combustion engine;
2, a range extending control unit;
3 a first planetary gear mechanism;
4 a first brake;
5 a first generator;
6 a second brake;
7 a second clutch;
8 a second generator;
9 a second planetary gear mechanism;
10 a power take-off gear is arranged outside;
11 a first clutch;
12 an external power take-off interface;
13 high-pressure air pump;
14 a third clutch;
15 a third generator;
a 16-steering booster oil pump;
17 oil pump power take-off gear.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly describe the technical contents of the present invention, the following further description is given in conjunction with specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a three-motor range-extending system, which comprises an internal combustion engine, a range-extending control unit, a first planet wheel mechanism, a first brake, a first generator, a second brake, a second clutch, a second generator, a second planet wheel mechanism, an external power take-off gear, a first clutch, an external power take-off interface, a high-pressure air pump, a third clutch, a third generator, a steering power-assisted oil pump and an oil pump power take-off gear, wherein the power generation system of a three-generator framework based on a double-planet-wheel-train coupling principle optimizes and matches the working conditions of three groups of generators; the torque balance compensation principle of the generator is utilized to realize that the external equipment can be driven to work while generating power, namely, the rotating speed of the planetary gear train has three-parameter constraint relation when the planetary gear train works, the torque has fixed proportional relation, when a moving part in the planetary gear train is simultaneously connected with the generator and the connecting equipment, the torque acting on the gear train part is formed by forward coupling of the torque of the generator and the torque of the connecting equipment, the generator and the connecting equipment synchronously participate in the torque/rotating speed coupling and power shunting mechanism of the planetary gear train, and when the load of the connecting equipment changes, the generator carries out load change balance compensation.
As a preferable embodiment of the invention, the planetary gear train gear ring and the planet carrier in the system are both connected with equipment, the equipment connected with the planetary gear train gear ring and the planet carrier can work in a coupling relation and can also work independently, the air pump and the power steering oil pump independently control certain rotating speed, and the rotating speed relation between the air pump and the power steering oil pump is restrained to carry out the coupling work by controlling and limiting the rotating speed of the sun wheel.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air pump in the system is a scroll or sliding vane air compressor, and when the scroll or sliding vane air compressor is in operation, the pressure air pressure provided by the scroll or sliding vane air compressor has small pulsation and is relatively stable, so that the system is suitable for the generator to perform relatively stable dynamic load change balance compensation in the planetary gear train.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes an integrated auxiliary device, when the integrated auxiliary device is in operation, the power requirements of the vehicle auxiliary device in the range-extended power generation mode and the pure electric mode are simultaneously met, in the pure electric mode, the planetary gear train connected to the auxiliary device is separated from the range-extended internal combustion engine, and the auxiliary device is in operation under the driving of the generator; in the extended-range power generation mode, the auxiliary equipment can work independently, and can also work together with an internal combustion engine, a generator and other components in a power generation state in a coupling mode.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle accessory integrated with the range extending system has a normal operation mode and a clearance operation mode, wherein the clearance operation mode can be implemented by outputting power to an external device and driving the external device to operate after the clutch is engaged, that is, the power steering oil pump is a normal flow type hydraulic pump, and is required to continuously provide power steering assistance for the vehicle, and is required to be connected to the vehicle and output power all the time; the air pump or the external equipment is only combined with the clutch when needing to work, and the clutch is separated when not needing to work.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the system has three power generation modes, and the high-efficiency power working area of the power generation system is expanded by strategy control of the range-extending control unit according to the working principle of the planetary gear train mechanism, namely a single-machine power generation mode, a double-machine power generation mode and a triple-machine power generation mode are formed.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the system has three starting modes, and a single-machine starting mode, a double-machine starting mode and a triple-machine starting mode are formed by controlling the first brake, the second brake and the second clutch, matching with a vehicle energy storage system and through strategy control of the range extending control unit;
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system has four auxiliary driving modes, and a single-motor driving mode, a double-motor common driving mode, a double-motor independent driving mode and a double-motor coordinated driving mode are formed by controlling the connection or disconnection of the second clutch and controlling the rotation speed of the second generator, the third generator and the sun gear of the second planetary gear mechanism.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a three-motor range extending system and a control method thereof, including: the power generation system comprises an internal combustion engine, a range extending control unit, a first planetary gear mechanism, a first brake, a first generator, a second brake, a second clutch, a second generator, a second planetary gear mechanism, an external power take-off gear, a first clutch, an external power take-off interface, a high-pressure air pump, a third clutch, a third generator, a steering power-assisted oil pump and an oil pump power take-off gear. By utilizing the mechanical coupling relation and the power splitting principle of the planetary gear trains, two groups of planetary gear trains and three groups of generators are adopted, and the working states of the internal combustion engine and the three groups of generators are dynamically adjusted, so that the effect of greatly expanding the high-efficiency working area of the power generation system under different power requirements is achieved. Meanwhile, according to the torque coupling relation between the generator and the connecting equipment, the torque balance principle of the planetary gear train is utilized, and the torque balance compensation principle of the generator is utilized, so that the connecting equipment (an air pump, an oil pump and external equipment) is driven to work while generating electricity. The internal combustion engine, the generator, the brake and the clutch are logically controlled by the range extending control unit so as to achieve the control and coordination of system components and the performance realization of the whole system.
An output shaft of the internal combustion engine is connected with a planet carrier of the first planetary gear mechanism 3 to transmit torque;
the range-extending control unit, which may be abbreviated as RCU hereinafter, is a master control system of a range-extending system, can control the first generator 5, the second generator 8, the third generator 15, the first brake 4, the second brake 6, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 7 and the third clutch 14, and has functions of communicating with an internal combustion engine system and performing coordination control. The device can be a single function integration assembly, and can also be decomposed into sub-control units of all parts, and the functions are decomposed. The RCU has electrical connection and control relations with the internal combustion engine, each generator, each brake and each clutch, namely, the function of electrical signal or power current intercommunication;
the first planetary gear mechanism is a standard planetary gear transmission mechanism and comprises a sun gear, a planetary gear, a gear ring and a planetary carrier;
the first generator can be called ISG1 for short hereinafter, and has two functions of a generator and a motor, and a rotor part of the first generator is connected with a gear ring of the first planetary gear mechanism 3;
the second brake, which may be referred to as B2 for short, can realize the unlocking and locking functions through the control unit, thereby realizing the free rotation and the stall braking of the sun gear of the first planetary gear mechanism 3;
The second clutch, which may be abbreviated as C2 hereinafter, may be used to realize a combining or separating function through the control unit, so as to realize that the sun gear of the first planetary gear mechanism 3 and the sun gear of the second planetary gear mechanism 9 rotate together after being connected or rotate independently after being separated;
the second generator, hereinafter abbreviated as ISG2, has two functions of a generator and a motor, and a rotor part of the second generator is connected with a gear ring of the second planetary gear mechanism 9;
the second planetary gear mechanism is a standard planetary gear transmission mechanism and comprises a sun gear, a planet gear, a gear ring and a planet carrier;
the external power take-off gear is used for acquiring transmission torque from a gear ring of the second planetary gear mechanism 9;
the first clutch can be abbreviated as C1, and can realize the combination or separation function through the control unit, so that the power can be obtained after the peripheral equipment is connected or disconnected after the peripheral equipment is separated;
the peripheral force taking interface is used for connecting peripheral equipment, such as a flange, a spline and the like;
the high-pressure air pump, a high-pressure air source of a vehicle and a vortex or sliding vane type air compression principle are used for providing stable pressure air with small air compression pressure pulse;
the third clutch can be abbreviated as C3, and can realize the combination or separation function through the control unit, so that the compressed air power can be obtained after the vortex air pump 13 is connected with the third generator 15 or the power can be disconnected after the vortex air pump is separated;
The third generator, hereinafter abbreviated as ISG3, has two functions of a generator and a motor, and a rotor part of the third generator is connected with a planet carrier of the second planetary gear mechanism 9;
the power-assisted steering oil pump is a power-assisted steering hydraulic source of the vehicle and is used for providing stable hydraulic power;
the oil pump power take-off gear is used for acquiring transmission torque from the gear ring of the second planetary gear mechanism 9.
A sun gear: speed n1, torque T1, power P1
Gear ring: speed n2, torque T2, power P2
A planet carrier: speed n3, torque T3, power P3
Speed ratio of sun gear to ring gear: number of teeth of ring gear/number of teeth of sun gear ═ k
The rotational speed constraint relation of the planetary gear train is as follows: n1+ k · n2 ═ n3 (1+ k) · n
Torque constraint relationship of planetary gear train: T1/T2/T3 ═ 1/K/- (1+ K)
The power relationship: p1+ P2+ P3 is 0.
The work of the range-extended vehicle can be divided into a range-extended working mode and a pure electric working mode. The vehicle can have a pure electric driving mode, a parking operation mode and a driving operation mode in the driving process. The vehicle runs under different working conditions, and the high-power mode and the low-power mode exist. Specifically, the systems of the vehicle need to be in response operating states to meet the use requirements of the energy system, the power system, the auxiliary system and the like in order to meet the use requirements of the vehicle according to different operating states. Meanwhile, in different vehicles, due to the limitation of factors such as application or vehicle size, the arrangement space, the installation process, even the cost and the like of the vehicles also put forward corresponding requirements or limitations on the integration level of the loading parts. The range-extended vehicles have specific scene requirements, so that under the framework, the energy conversion efficiency is improved, the integration level is improved as much as possible, the use state requirements of various working conditions are met, more technical requirements are provided for the development of a range-extended system, and a problem solving direction is provided for the range-extended system framework.
The three-motor range extending system and the control method thereof according to the embodiment of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The parameters of each component define:
first planetary gear mechanism sun gear: speed n11, torque T11, power P11;
a first generator: speed n12, torque T12, power P12;
internal combustion engine: speed n13, torque T13, power P13;
the first planetary gear ring tooth number/sun gear tooth number k 1;
second planetary gear mechanism sun gear: speed n21, torque T21, power P21;
second generator (forward coupling power steering oil pump or peripheral): speed n22, (coupled) torque T22, power P22;
third generator (forward coupled air pump): speed n23, (coupled) torque T23, power P23;
the number of teeth of the ring gear/the number of teeth of the sun gear of the second planetary gear set is k 2.
Description of the drawings: the positive coupling, namely the absolute value superposition effect when the resistance torque of the equipment and the power generation resistance torque act together during power generation, consumes the input energy of the power source together.
Matching method of gear ratios K1 and K2: the rotating speed of the high-efficiency area or the common area of the internal combustion engine is fed back to the high-efficiency areas of the three groups of generators through the K value, so that the rotating speed falling point of the high-efficiency areas can cover more than the upper limit percentage value of the rotating speed range of the high-efficiency areas of the generators to be optimal. And if the ratio of the rotating speed falling point range of the efficient working area of the generator is smaller than the lower limit percentage value, the k value needs to be matched again, or the internal combustion engine and the generator which are suitable for the economic working area need to be selected again. Meanwhile, the second generator and the third generator which need to be matched are connected with the power-assisted steering oil pump and the air pump, and the working rotating speed ranges of the power-assisted steering oil pump and the air pump also need to be considered.
By utilizing the rotating speed constraint relation and the torque constraint relation of the planetary gear train and controlling the range extending control unit, 3 power generation modes can be formed:
power generation mode 1: single motor generating mode-the first brake is unlocked and the second brake is locked; the movement and the moment between the internal combustion engine and the ISG1 motor form a coupling relation, and the ISG1 motor can perform starting and power generation functions;
the control idea is as follows: adjusting the rotating speed of the internal combustion engine to an economic rotating speed range, and enabling the ISG1 motor to work in an efficient and economic area of load and rotating speed through the speed ratio adjustment of the planetary mechanism;
the use scenario is as follows: medium-power efficient power generation;
generated power: p12 ═ P13 ═ T12 · n12 ═ T12 · (1+ k1)/k1 · n13 ═ T13 · k1/(1+ k1) · n12 ═ T13 · n13, and the rotational speed relationship: n12 ═ (1+ k1)/k1 · n 13;
torque relationship: T12/T13 ═ K1/- (1+ K1);
the power generation control method comprises the following steps: one of the internal combustion engine and the first generator selects a torque control mode, and the other selects a rotational speed control mode.
Power generation mode 2: double-motor power generation mode-the second brake is unlocked, the first brake is locked, and the second clutch is engaged; the internal combustion engine forms a coupling relationship with the movements and torques of the ISG2 and ISG3 electric machines, and the ISG2 and ISG3 electric machines can perform starting and generating functions;
The control idea is as follows: the internal combustion engine adopts a cylinder deactivation energy-saving technology, the economic load rate is improved, the rotating speed of the internal combustion engine is adjusted to an economic rotating speed range, the ISG2 and ISG3 motors work in an efficient and economic area of load and rotating speed through the speed ratio adjustment of the planetary mechanism, and the rotating speed range needs to be matched with the working rotating speed range of connected external equipment;
the applicable scene is as follows: the small-power efficient power generation also drives the vehicle accessories to work.
Formula 1:
P11＝－P13＝T11·n11＝T11·(1+k1)·n13＝－T13/(1+k1)·n11＝－T13·n13；
the relationship between the rotating speed: n11 ═ n13 (1+ k 1);
torque relationship: T11/T13 ═ 1/- (1+ K1);
formula 2:
P22+P23＝－P21＝T22·n22+T23·n23＝T22·n22－T22·(1+k2)/k2·n23＝－T23·k2/(1+k2)·n22+T23·n23＝T21·k2·n22－T21·(1+k2)·n23＝－T21·n21；
the relationship between the rotating speed: n21+ k2 · n22 ═ (1+ k2) · n 23;
torque relationship: T21/T22/T23 ═ 1/K2/- (1+ K2);
wherein the incidence relation is utilized: if the relationship is substituted, the relationship between the internal combustion engine and the rotational speed, torque, and power of the second generator and the third generator can be obtained by substituting the relationship equation, i.e., P21 — P11(T11 — T21, n11 — n 21). Note that: here, T22 and T23 are the coupling torques of the generator and the external equipment, and when the equipment is not loaded, T22 and T23 are equal to the torque of the generator;
generated power:
formula 3:
P22+P23＝－P13＝T22·n22+T23·n23＝T22·n22－T22·(1+k2)/k2·n23＝－T23·k2/(1+k2)·n22+T23·n23＝T13/(1+k1)·k2·n22－T13/(1+k1)·(1+k2)·n23＝－T13·n13，
the relationship between the rotating speed: n13 · (1+ k1) + k2 · n22 ═ 1+ k2 · n 23;
torque relationship: T13/T22/T23 ═ 1+ K1/K2/- (1+ K2);
the power generation control method comprises the following steps: of the three, only one component selects the torque control mode, and the other two select the rotation speed control mode.
Power generation mode 3: three-motor power generation mode-first brake is unlocked, second brake is unlocked, and second clutch is combined; the internal combustion engine and the electric machines ISG1, ISG2 and ISG3 form a power coupling relationship to perform starting and power generation functions; the control method comprises the following steps: adjusting the rotating speed of the internal combustion engine to an economic rotating speed range, and distributing the generated power of the internal combustion engine through the rotating speed/torque coupling relation and the power splitting principle among the ISG1, ISG2 and ISG3 motors, so that the three groups of motors work in a high-efficiency economic region with load and rotating speed at the same time, wherein the rotating speed ranges of the ISG2 and ISG3 motors are required to be matched with the working rotating speed range of connected external equipment; the applicable scene is as follows: high-power and high-efficiency power generation is realized, and meanwhile, vehicle accessories are driven to work;
generated power: p12+ P22+ P23-P13-T12 n12+ T22 n22+ T23 n 23-T13 n13, which is equivalent to combining the power generation mode 1 with the power generation mode 2, where T22 and T23 are the coupling torques of the generator and the external device, and when the device is not under load, T22 and T23 are equal to the torque of the generator itself.
The relationship between the rotating speed: (1+ k1) · n 13-k 1 · n12 ═ 1+ k2) · n 23-k 2 · n 22;
torque relationship: T12/T13/T22/T23 ═ K1/- (1+ K1)/— K2/(1+ K2);
The power generation control method comprises the following steps: of the four, only one component selects the torque control mode, and the other three select the speed control mode.
By utilizing the rotating speed constraint relation and the torque constraint relation of the planetary gear train and controlling the range extending control unit, 4 auxiliary element driving modes can be formed:
1. mode 1: single motor drive mode-second brake locked, second clutch engaged; the motion and the moment between the ISG2 and the ISG3 motor form a coupling relation, any one of the two groups of motors can simultaneously drive the air pump, the power-assisted steering oil pump and the external equipment to work, and the other group of motors can follow up. This mode is suitable for situations where the total power of the externally connected devices does not exceed the individual motor drive capability.
2. Mode 2: the double-motor common driving mode is that the second brake is locked and the second clutch is combined; the motion and the moment between the ISG2 and the ISG3 motor form a coupling relation, and the two groups of motors simultaneously provide power to drive the air pump, the power steering oil pump and the external connection equipment to work. The driving torques of the two groups of motors need to be coordinated for positive coupling, and power is output together. This mode is suitable for the case where the total power of the externally connected devices exceeds the individual motor drive capability range.
3. Mode 3: dual-motor independent drive mode-second clutch disengaged; there is no coupling relation of moment and movement between ISG2 and ISG3 motor, and the movement can be controlled freely respectively. The two groups of motors respectively drive the devices connected with each other to work independently. The mode is suitable for the condition that the working range deviation of different external connection equipment is large, and the motion constraint relation between the gear ring and the planet carrier after the sun gear is fixed cannot be utilized.
4. Mode 4: a dual-motor coordinated driving mode, namely unlocking a second brake and combining a second clutch; the power for driving the external connection device comes from the sun gear input of the second planetary gear mechanism, wherein the motion and the torque among the sun gear of the second planetary gear mechanism, the ISG2 and the ISG3 motor form a coupling relation, the ISG2 and the ISG3 motor perform direct or indirect rotation speed coordination control to drive the connection device to work, the torque fluctuation of the ISG2 and the ISG3 motor needs dynamic balance compensation according to the load change of the connection device, and a state that the vehicle accessory device is driven to work while power generation is performed can be formed. This mode is suitable for the case where the internal combustion engine is engaged and the two sets of planetary gear mechanisms are moving in association.
By adopting the three-motor range extending system, the range and the distribution of the high-efficiency working area of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine power generation system are expanded, so that the dynamic economic working condition coverage degree of the power generation system is improved, and particularly the economic problem of the high-power internal combustion engine power generation system in a continuous low-power generation demand state is solved. Meanwhile, the vehicle auxiliary part is driven to work while power is generated, and the device is multifunctional, namely a high-pressure air pump, a power-assisted steering oil pump and an external power take-off interface are integrated by using the range extending system, so that the system integration level is improved. The working condition coverage range of the high-efficiency power of the power generation system is widened, so that the comprehensive economic performance of the power generation system is improved; the occupation ratio of the high-efficiency power probability of the power following strategy is improved; because the generator is composed of three groups of generators, when one group of generators has faults, other generators can be adopted to perform certain function compensation, and the risk of complete failure is reduced; the common vehicle accessory system is designed and controlled in an integrated mode, so that the power generation system is optimized and the system integration level is improved.
In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
Claims (8)
1. A three-motor range extending system is characterized by comprising an internal combustion engine, a range extending control unit, a first planetary gear mechanism, a first brake, a first generator, a second brake, a second clutch, a second generator, a second planetary gear mechanism, an external power take-off gear, a first clutch, an external power take-off interface, a high-pressure air pump, a third clutch, a third generator, a power steering pump and an oil pump power take-off gear, wherein the power generating system of a three-generator framework based on a double-planetary-gear-train coupling principle optimizes and matches the working conditions of three groups of generators; the torque balance compensation principle of the generator is utilized to realize that the external equipment can be driven to work while generating electricity, namely the planetary gear train has three-parameter constraint relation on the rotating speed when in work, the torque has fixed proportional relation, when a moving part in the planetary gear train is simultaneously connected with the generator and the connecting equipment, the torque acting on the gear train part is formed by forward coupling of the torque of the generator and the torque of the connecting equipment, the generator and the connecting equipment synchronously participate in the torque/rotating speed coupling and power splitting mechanism of the planetary gear train, and when the load of the connecting equipment is changed, the generator performs load change balance compensation;
The output shaft of the internal combustion engine is connected with a planet carrier of a first planetary gear mechanism, the range-extending control unit is connected with the internal combustion engine, a first generator, a second generator, a third generator, a first brake, a second brake, a first clutch, a second clutch and a third clutch, the first planetary gear mechanism and the second planetary gear mechanism respectively comprise a sun gear, a planet gear, a ring gear and a planet carrier, a rotor part of the first generator is connected with the ring gear of the first planetary gear mechanism, a rotor part of the second generator is connected with the ring gear of the second planetary gear mechanism, the second brake realizes unlocking and locking functions through the control unit, so that free rotation and stopping braking of the sun gear of the first planetary gear mechanism are realized, the first clutch is connected between an external power take-off gear and an external power take-off interface, and the second clutch realizes combining or separating functions through the control unit, thereby realize that the sun gear of first planet gear mechanism and the sun gear of second planet gear mechanism are connected the common rotary motion in back or separate the back independent rotation separately, the third clutch connect between high compression pump and third generator, high compression pump link to each other with the third clutch, peripheral hardware power take-off gear acquire transmission torque from the ring gear of second planet gear mechanism, peripheral hardware power take-off interface be connected with peripheral hardware through first clutch, the rotor part of third generator link to each other with the planet carrier of second planet gear mechanism, power assisted steering oil pump link to each other with oil pump power take-off gear, oil pump power take-off gear acquire transmission torque from the ring gear of second planet gear mechanism.
2. The three-motor range extending system according to claim 1, wherein the planetary gear train gear ring and the planet carrier of the system are both connected with devices, the devices connected with the planetary gear train gear ring and the planet carrier can work in a coupling relationship or work independently, the air pump and the power steering oil pump can independently control a certain rotating speed, and the rotating speed relationship between the air pump and the power steering oil pump is restrained to work in a coupling manner by controlling and limiting the rotating speed of the sun gear.
3. The three-motor range extending system of claim 1, wherein the air pump in the system is a scroll or sliding vane air compressor, and when the scroll or sliding vane air compressor works, the pressure air pressure provided by the scroll or sliding vane air compressor has small pulsation and is relatively stable, so that the three-motor range extending system is suitable for relatively stable dynamic load change balance compensation of the generator in the planetary gear train.
4. The three-motor range extending system of claim 1, further comprising an integrated auxiliary device, wherein when the integrated auxiliary device works, the power requirements of the vehicle auxiliary device in a range extending power generation mode and a pure electric mode are met simultaneously, in the pure electric mode, a planetary gear train connected with the auxiliary device is separated from a range extending internal combustion engine part, and the auxiliary device works under the driving of a generator; in the extended-range power generation mode, the auxiliary equipment can work independently, and can also work together with an internal combustion engine, a generator and other components in a power generation state in a coupling mode.
5. The three-motor range extending system of claim 1, wherein the vehicle accessories integrated with the range extending system operate in a normal operating mode and a clearance operating mode, wherein the clearance operating mode can be implemented by combining the clutch and outputting power to external devices to drive the external devices to operate, i.e. the power steering oil pump is a normal flow type hydraulic pump and needs to continuously provide power steering assistance for the vehicle and is always connected with the vehicle and outputs power; the air pump or the external equipment is only combined with the clutch when needing to work, and the clutch is separated when not needing to work.
6. The three-motor range extending system of claim 1, wherein the system has three power generation modes, and the high-efficiency power operating region of the power generation system is expanded by the strategy control of the range extending control unit according to the working principle of the planetary gear train mechanism, namely, a single-motor power generation mode, a double-motor power generation mode and a three-motor power generation mode are formed.
7. The three-motor range extending system of claim 1, wherein the system has three starting modes, a single-motor starting mode, a double-motor starting mode and a three-motor starting mode are formed by controlling the first brake, the second brake and the second clutch, cooperating with a vehicle energy storage system and through strategy control of the range extending control unit.
8. The three-motor range extending system according to claim 1, wherein the system has four auxiliary driving modes, namely a single-motor driving mode, a double-motor common driving mode, a double-motor independent driving mode and a double-motor coordination driving mode by controlling the connection or disconnection of the second clutch and controlling the rotation speed of the sun gear of the second generator, the third generator and the second planetary gear mechanism.
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