CN113041933A - Device and method for keeping particle concentration stable in proppant velocity measurement experiment - Google Patents
Device and method for keeping particle concentration stable in proppant velocity measurement experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113041933A CN113041933A CN202110258097.6A CN202110258097A CN113041933A CN 113041933 A CN113041933 A CN 113041933A CN 202110258097 A CN202110258097 A CN 202110258097A CN 113041933 A CN113041933 A CN 113041933A
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000827 velocimetry Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/81—Combinations of similar mixers, e.g. with rotary stirring devices in two or more receptacles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
- B01F27/96—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with openwork frames or cages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/81—Combinations of similar mixers, e.g. with rotary stirring devices in two or more receptacles
- B01F33/811—Combinations of similar mixers, e.g. with rotary stirring devices in two or more receptacles in two or more consecutive, i.e. successive, mixing receptacles or being consecutively arranged
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/81—Combinations of similar mixers, e.g. with rotary stirring devices in two or more receptacles
- B01F33/813—Combinations of similar mixers, e.g. with rotary stirring devices in two or more receptacles mixing simultaneously in two or more mixing receptacles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
- B01F35/21—Measuring
- B01F35/211—Measuring of the operational parameters
- B01F35/2112—Level of material in a container or the position or shape of the upper surface of the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
- B01F35/714—Feed mechanisms for feeding predetermined amounts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
- B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
- B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
- B01F35/71775—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using helical screws
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/23—Mixing of laboratory samples e.g. in preparation of analysing or testing properties of materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
- G01N2015/1486—Counting the particles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for keeping the concentration of particles stable in a proppant velocity measurement experiment, wherein the particles comprise tracer particles and proppant particles, the device comprises a settling tank, a first delivery pump, a first stirring tank, a second delivery pump, a second stirring tank and a third delivery pump which are sequentially connected, the first stirring tank is used for preparing liquid, and the second stirring tank is used for mixing sand; the sedimentation tank comprises a tank body I, wherein a liquid inlet I, a liquid outlet I and a sand discharge port are arranged on the tank body I, and a filter screen and a liquid up-down limiting sensor are arranged in the tank body I; jar body one inside is divided into upper portion filtrate chamber and lower part sand setting chamber by the filter screen, and inlet one sets up the lateral wall in lower part sand setting chamber, and outlet one sets up the lateral wall in upper portion filtrate chamber, lets out the bottom that the sand mouth set up in lower part sand setting chamber, and spacing sensor all sets up in upper portion filtrate intracavity about the liquid. The invention not only can realize the continuous mixing and circulating pump injection of the sand-carrying liquid in the experimental process of proppant conveying, but also can ensure the stability of the concentrations of the tracer particles and the proppant used in the PIV test process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of proppant conveying experiments based on a PIV testing technology in a hydraulic fracturing process, in particular to a device and a method for keeping particle concentration stable in a proppant velocity measurement experiment.
Background
Hydraulic fracturing is the pumping of fracturing fluids into the formation at a displacement exceeding the fluid imbibition capacity of the formation, creating a high pressure exceeding the fracture pressure of the formation rock, causing the formation to fracture. Continuing to inject fracturing fluid to extend the hydraulic fracture; and then injecting a sand carrying fluid to continue the hydraulic fracture and filling the fracture with a propping agent. After the pump is stopped, the proppant has a supporting effect on the wall surface of the fracture, so that a sand-filled fracture with high flow conductivity is formed in the stratum, and the purpose of increasing the yield of the oil-gas well is achieved. The final shape and the extension rule of the fracture are determined by the laying shape of the proppant in the fracture, so that the research on the conveying rule of the proppant in the fracture is of great significance for guiding the field fracturing construction.
At present, the most important method for researching the conveying rule of the propping agent in the fracture in the hydraulic fracturing process is a large-scale visual flat plate fracture experiment, and various complex fracture structures are combined by different types of flat plates, so that the flowing rule of the propping agent in the flat plates is researched. Chinese patent authorizes 'a proppant conveying complex fracture experimental apparatus capable of measuring flow field universe' (CN111119848B), can realize the flow field test of the flow field, adopts PIV (particle imaging velocimetry) technology can realize the flow field test of the proppant and fracturing fluid in the flat fracture. The principle is that firstly, a certain amount of tracer particles are dispersed in fluid to be measured, the movement speed of fracturing fluid at a corresponding position in a flow field is represented by the speed of the tracer particles, and when two strong pulse laser sheet light sources with small time intervals are used for irradiating the flow field, images of flow field movement information under the irradiation of two beams of laser are recorded by using image acquisition systems such as a CCD camera and the like; and then, respectively calculating to obtain flow fields of the fracturing fluid and the proppant through corresponding algorithms, and ensuring the stability of the concentrations of the tracer particles and the proppant to be a necessary condition for realizing the test of the whole flow field in the whole experimental process. Chinese patents 'a fracturing propping agent conveying simulation experiment method and experiment device with real-time variable sand ratio' (CN110596319A), 'a fracturing fracture inner sand-carrying liquid conveying simulation experiment device and method' (CN109812254B), 'a flat plate and experiment device for simulating influences of even reservoir filtration on propping agent laying' (CN110952971B) and 'a fracturing fracture inner propping agent conveying and laying simulation experiment table and experiment method' (CN111553065A) can realize the configuration of sand-carrying liquid or the recycling of the fracturing liquid. But the concentration of the tracer particles and the concentration of the proppant cannot be ensured to be continuously stable in the experimental process, so that the flow field test result has inaccuracy. Therefore, there is a great need for a device and method that can maintain a stable concentration of tracer particles and proppant during a proppant delivery experiment for PIV testing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for keeping the particle concentration stable in a proppant velocity measurement experiment.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
on one hand, the device for keeping the particle concentration stable in the proppant velocity measurement experiment comprises a settling tank, a first delivery pump, a first stirring tank, a second delivery pump, a second stirring tank and a third delivery pump which are sequentially connected, wherein the first stirring tank is used for liquid preparation, the second stirring tank is used for sand mixing, the input end of the settling tank is connected with the output end of a simulated crack, and the output end of the third delivery pump is connected with the input end of the simulated crack;
the sedimentation tank comprises a first tank body arranged on a first support frame, the first tank body is provided with a first liquid inlet, a first liquid outlet and a sand discharge port, and a filter screen, an upper liquid limit sensor and a lower liquid limit sensor are arranged in the first tank body; the inner part of the tank body I is divided into an upper filtrate cavity and a lower sand settling cavity by the filter screen, the first liquid inlet is arranged on the side wall of the lower sand settling cavity, the first liquid outlet is arranged on the side wall of the upper filtrate cavity, the sand discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the lower sand settling cavity, and the upper liquid limit sensor and the lower liquid limit sensor are both arranged in the upper filtrate cavity;
and the first stirring tank and the second stirring tank are both provided with a quantitative feeding device and a liquid level meter.
Preferably, the first stirring tank and the second stirring tank are identical in structure and comprise a second tank body arranged on a second support frame, the top of the second tank body is provided with a second inlet, the bottom of the second tank body is provided with a second outlet, the top of the second tank body is provided with a motor base, the motor base is provided with a first stirring motor and a first speed reducer, the output end of the first speed reducer is connected with a stirring shaft, the stirring shaft penetrates through the top of the second tank body and extends into the inside of the second tank body, the stirring shaft is provided with a stirring rod, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring rod.
Preferably, the stirring rod is provided with a plurality of stirring frames forming the frame type stirrer.
Preferably, the stirring blades are disposed on left and right stirring rods and a bottom stirring rod of the frame stirrer.
Preferably, the longitudinal section of the stirring blade is trapezoidal.
Preferably, the quantitative feeding device arranged on the first stirring tank and the second stirring tank has the same structure and comprises a servo motor, a second speed reducer and a spiral conveyor which are connected, a feeding port is arranged at the top of the spiral conveyor close to the second speed reducer, a discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the spiral conveyor far away from the second speed reducer, and the discharging port is connected with the top of the second tank.
Preferably, a third stirring tank is further arranged between the first stirring tank and the second conveying pump, the third stirring tank is also provided with the quantitative feeding device and the liquid level meter, the input end of the third stirring tank is connected with the first liquid outlet of the settling tank, and the output end of the third stirring tank is connected with the input end of the second conveying pump.
On the other hand, a method for keeping the concentration of particles stable in a proppant velocimetry experiment is also provided, the device for keeping the concentration of particles stable in the proppant velocimetry experiment is adopted, the particles comprise tracer particles and proppant particles, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing fracturing fluid in a first stirring tank, and adding tracer particles into the fracturing fluid through a quantitative feeding device of the first stirring tank to be uniformly dispersed;
s2: starting a second conveying pump, pumping the fracturing fluid in the first stirring tank into a second stirring tank until the liquid level reaches the liquid level required by a proppant conveying experiment, starting a quantitative feeding device of the second stirring tank, adding proppant particles into the second stirring tank, and preparing a sand-carrying fluid with proppant concentration of C;
s3: starting a third delivery pump, adjusting the pumping rate of the third delivery pump to be Q, setting the pumping rate of a second delivery pump to be Q (1-C), setting the sand adding rate of a quantitative feeding device of the second stirring tank to be Q.C, and starting the first delivery pump;
s4: when the sand-carrying liquid enters a to-be-detected area of the simulated fracture, starting laser to illuminate tracer particles and proppant particles in the to-be-detected area, shooting and recording the flow field condition by using a camera, and reflecting the real number of the tracer particles and the proppant particles by the number of exposure pixels of the tracer particles and the proppant particles;
s5: opening a data property function option in the image processing software every T time, and recording the quantity of exposure intensity at the time; screening out the number of pixel points of the tracer particles and the proppant particles according to the exposure intensity of the tracer particles and the proppant particles;
s6: calculating the quantity change of pixel points of the tracer particles and the proppant particles at two adjacent moments,
if the change of the number of the pixel points of the tracer particles and the proppant particles is within a threshold value, the concentration change of the tracer particles and the concentration change of the proppant particles are stable within an experiment allowable range;
if the change of the number of the pixel points of the tracer particles exceeds the threshold value and the change of the number of the pixel points of the proppant particles is within the threshold value, adjusting the feeding rate of a quantitative feeding device of the first stirring tank, and repeating the steps S5-S6;
if the change of the number of the pixel points of the proppant particles exceeds the threshold value and the change of the number of the pixel points of the tracer particles is within the threshold value, adjusting the feeding rate of a quantitative feeding device of the second stirring tank, and repeating the steps S5-S6;
and if the quantity change of the pixel points of the tracer particles and the proppant particles exceeds the threshold value, adjusting the feeding rates of the quantitative feeding devices of the first stirring tank and the second stirring tank, and repeating the steps S5-S6.
Preferably, the exposure intensity of the tracer particle is 10000-.
Preferably, the threshold is 20%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
on one hand, in the first stage, the pumping rates of the second conveying pump and the third conveying pump are controlled, so that the concentrations of trace particles and proppant particles are kept stable; on the other hand, in the second stage, the data acquisition is carried out on the area to be tested by adopting the PIV testing technology, so that the pixel point quantity of the tracer particles and the proppant particles under different time exposures is obtained, and the adding amount of the tracer particles and the proppant particles in the first stage is adjusted according to the change of the pixel point quantity of the tracer particles and the proppant particles; the stability of the concentration of the tracer particles and the concentration of the proppant in the speed measurement experiment process of the proppant is realized through the combined cooperation of the two stages.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a settling tank of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a first stirring tank of the device of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a dosing device according to an embodiment of the device of the invention.
Reference numbers in the figures:
1-a settling tank, 2-a first conveying pump, 3-a first stirring tank, 4-a second conveying pump, 5-a second stirring tank, 6-a third conveying pump, 7-a first support frame, 8-a first tank, 9-a first liquid inlet, 10-a first liquid outlet, 11-a sand discharge port, 12-a filter screen, 13-a liquid upper limit sensor, 14-a liquid lower limit sensor, 15-a quantitative feeding device, 16-a liquid level meter, 17-a second support frame, 18-a second tank, 19-a second liquid inlet, 20-a second liquid outlet, 21-a motor base, 22-a stirring motor, 23-a first speed reducer, 24-a stirring shaft, 25-a stirring rod, 26-a stirring blade, 27-a servo motor, 28-a second speed reducer, 29-a spiral material conveyor, 30-feeding port, 31-discharging port and 32-stirring tank III.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples. It should be noted that, in the present application, the embodiments and the technical features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It is noted that, unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
In the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for distinguishing similar objects, but not for describing a particular order or sequence order, unless otherwise specified. It is to be understood that the terms so used; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used generally with respect to the orientation shown in the drawings, or with respect to the component itself in a vertical, or gravitational orientation; likewise, "inner", "outer", and the like refer to the inner and outer relative to the contours of the components themselves for ease of understanding and description. The above directional terms are not intended to limit the present invention.
On one hand, as shown in fig. 1-4, the invention provides a device for keeping particle concentration stable in a proppant velocity measurement experiment, which comprises a settling tank 1, a delivery pump I2, a stirring tank I3, a delivery pump II 4, a stirring tank II 5 and a delivery pump III 6 which are connected in sequence, wherein the stirring tank I3 is used for liquid preparation, the stirring tank II 5 is used for sand mixing, the input end of the settling tank 1 is connected with the output end of a simulated crack, and the output end of the delivery pump III 6 is connected with the input end of the simulated crack;
the settling tank 1 comprises a tank body I8 arranged on a support frame I7, a liquid inlet I9, a liquid outlet I10 and a sand discharge port 11 are arranged on the tank body I8, and a filter screen 12, an upper liquid limiting sensor 13 and a lower liquid limiting sensor 14 are arranged in the tank body I8; the inside of the tank body I8 is divided into an upper filtrate cavity and a lower sand settling cavity by the filter screen 12, the liquid inlet I9 is arranged on the side wall of the lower sand settling cavity, the liquid outlet I10 is arranged on the side wall of the upper filtrate cavity, the sand discharge port 11 is arranged at the bottom of the lower sand settling cavity, and the liquid upper limit sensor 13 and the liquid lower limit sensor 14 are both arranged in the upper filtrate cavity;
and the first stirring tank 3 and the second stirring tank 5 are both provided with a quantitative feeding device 15 and a liquid level meter 16.
In a specific embodiment, the first stirring tank 3 and the second stirring tank 5 have the same structure and both include a second tank body 18 disposed on a second support frame 17, a second inlet 19 is disposed at the top of the second tank body 18, a second outlet 20 is disposed at the bottom of the second tank body 18, a motor base 21 is disposed at the top of the second tank body 18, a first stirring motor 22 and a first speed reducer 23 connected to each other are disposed on the motor base 21, an output end of the first speed reducer 23 is connected to a stirring shaft 24, the stirring shaft 24 penetrates through the top of the second tank body 18 and extends into the second tank body 18, a stirring rod 25 is disposed on the stirring shaft 24, and stirring blades 26 are disposed on the stirring rod 25.
Optionally, the stirring rods 25 are provided with a plurality of stirring rods forming a frame stirrer, the stirring blades 26 are arranged on the left stirring rod, the right stirring rod and the bottom stirring rod of the frame stirrer, and the longitudinal section of each stirring blade 26 is trapezoidal.
In a specific embodiment, the quantitative feeding devices 15 disposed on the first stirring tank 3 and the second stirring tank 5 have the same structure, and each quantitative feeding device includes a servo motor 27, a second speed reducer 28, and a spiral conveyer 29 connected to each other, a feeding port 30 is disposed at the top of the spiral conveyer 29 near the second speed reducer 28, a discharging port 31 is disposed at the bottom of the spiral conveyer 29 far from the second speed reducer 28, and the discharging port 31 is connected to the top of the second tank 18.
In a specific embodiment, a third stirring tank 32 is further arranged between the first stirring tank 3 and the second conveying pump 4, the third stirring tank 32 is also provided with the quantitative feeding device 15 and the liquid level meter 16, an input end of the third stirring tank 32 is connected with the first liquid outlet 10 of the settling tank 1, and an output end of the third stirring tank 32 is connected with an input end of the second conveying pump 4.
The first agitation tank 3 and the second agitation tank 5 may have different structures, and other agitation tanks known in the art may be used in addition to the agitation tank of the above embodiment. The structures of the quantitative feeding devices 15 arranged on the first stirring tank 3 and the second stirring tank 5 can be different, and besides the quantitative feeding devices in the above embodiments, other quantitative feeding devices in the prior art can be adopted. The liquid level meter 16, the delivery pump and the like are all the prior art, and the specific structure is not described in detail herein.
On the other hand, a method for keeping the concentration of particles stable in a proppant velocimetry experiment is also provided, the device for keeping the concentration of particles stable in the proppant velocimetry experiment is adopted, the particles comprise tracer particles and proppant particles, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing fracturing fluid in a first stirring tank 3, and adding tracer particles into the fracturing fluid through a quantitative feeding device 15 of the first stirring tank 3 to be uniformly dispersed;
s2: starting a second conveying pump 4, pumping the fracturing fluid in the first stirring tank 3 into a second stirring tank 5 until the liquid level reaches the liquid level required by a proppant conveying experiment, starting a quantitative feeding device 15 of the second stirring tank 5, adding proppant particles into the second stirring tank 5, and preparing a sand-carrying fluid with proppant concentration of C;
s3: starting a third delivery pump 6, adjusting the pumping rate of the third delivery pump 6 to be Q, setting the pumping rate of a second delivery pump 4 to be Q (1-C), setting the sand adding rate of a quantitative feeding device 15 of a second stirring tank 5 to be Q C, and starting a first delivery pump 2;
s4: when the sand-carrying liquid enters a to-be-detected area of the simulated fracture, starting laser to illuminate tracer particles and proppant particles in the to-be-detected area, shooting and recording the flow field condition by using a camera, and reflecting the real number of the tracer particles and the proppant particles by the number of exposure pixels of the tracer particles and the proppant particles;
s5: opening a data property function option in the image processing software every T time, and recording the quantity of exposure intensity at the time; screening out the number of pixel points of the tracer particles and the proppant particles according to the exposure intensity of the tracer particles and the proppant particles;
s6: calculating the quantity change of pixel points of the tracer particles and the proppant particles at two adjacent moments,
if the change of the number of the pixel points of the tracer particles and the proppant particles is within a threshold value, the concentration change of the tracer particles and the concentration change of the proppant particles are stable within an experiment allowable range;
if the change of the number of the pixel points of the tracer particles exceeds the threshold value and the change of the number of the pixel points of the proppant particles is within the threshold value, adjusting the feeding rate of the quantitative feeding device 15 of the first stirring tank 3, and repeating the steps S5-S6;
if the change of the number of the pixel points of the proppant particles exceeds the threshold value and the change of the number of the pixel points of the tracer particles is within the threshold value, adjusting the feeding rate of the quantitative feeding device 15 of the second stirring tank 5, and repeating the steps S5-S6;
if the change of the number of the pixel points of the tracer particles and the proppant particles exceeds the threshold value, the feeding rates of the quantitative feeding devices 15 of the first stirring tank 3 and the second stirring tank 5 need to be adjusted, and the steps S5-S6 are repeated.
In a specific embodiment, the image processing software employs Davis image processing software. In other embodiments, other image processing software having this function in the related art may be used for processing.
In a specific embodiment, the exposure intensity of the tracer particle is 10000-. It should be noted that, the difference between the adopted tracer particles and the adopted proppant particles and the corresponding exposure intensity are also different, and the specific requirement is determined according to the types of the selected tracer particles and the selected proppant particles.
In a specific embodiment, the threshold is 20%. It should be noted that the threshold value may be adjusted according to actual needs, and if the concentration is required to be kept more stable, the threshold value may be set to be smaller, for example, 15%, 10%, or the like.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The device for keeping the particle concentration stable in the proppant velocity measurement experiment is characterized by comprising a settling tank, a first delivery pump, a first stirring tank, a second delivery pump, a second stirring tank and a third delivery pump which are sequentially connected, wherein the first stirring tank is used for liquid preparation, the second stirring tank is used for sand mixing, the input end of the settling tank is connected with the output end of a simulated crack, and the output end of the third delivery pump is connected with the input end of the simulated crack;
the sedimentation tank comprises a first tank body arranged on a first support frame, the first tank body is provided with a first liquid inlet, a first liquid outlet and a sand discharge port, and a filter screen, an upper liquid limit sensor and a lower liquid limit sensor are arranged in the first tank body; the inner part of the tank body I is divided into an upper filtrate cavity and a lower sand settling cavity by the filter screen, the first liquid inlet is arranged on the side wall of the lower sand settling cavity, the first liquid outlet is arranged on the side wall of the upper filtrate cavity, the sand discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the lower sand settling cavity, and the upper liquid limit sensor and the lower liquid limit sensor are both arranged in the upper filtrate cavity;
and the first stirring tank and the second stirring tank are both provided with a quantitative feeding device and a liquid level meter.
2. The device for keeping the particle concentration stable in the proppant velocity measurement experiment according to claim 1, wherein the first stirring tank and the second stirring tank have the same structure and both comprise a second tank body arranged on a second supporting frame, a second liquid inlet is arranged at the top of the second tank body, a second liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the second tank body, a motor base is arranged at the top of the second tank body, a stirring motor and a first speed reducer which are connected are arranged on the motor base, the output end of the first speed reducer is connected with a stirring shaft, the stirring shaft penetrates through the top of the second tank body and extends into the second tank body, a stirring rod is arranged on the stirring shaft, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring rod.
3. The device for keeping the particle concentration stable in the proppant velocity measurement experiment according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of stirring rods are arranged to form a frame stirrer.
4. The device for keeping the particle concentration stable in the proppant velocity measurement experiment according to claim 3, wherein the stirring blades are arranged on the left and right stirring rods and the bottom stirring rod of the frame stirrer.
5. The device for keeping the particle concentration stable in the proppant velocity measurement experiment according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the longitudinal section of the stirring blade is trapezoidal.
6. The device for maintaining the particle concentration stable in the proppant velocity measurement experiment according to claim 2, wherein the quantitative feeding devices arranged on the first stirring tank and the second stirring tank have the same structure and comprise a servo motor, a second speed reducer and a spiral feeder which are connected with each other, the top of the spiral feeder close to the second speed reducer is provided with a feeding port, the bottom of the spiral feeder far away from the second speed reducer is provided with a discharging port, and the discharging port is connected with the top of the second tank body.
7. The device for maintaining the particle concentration stable in the proppant velocity measurement experiment according to claim 1, wherein a third stirring tank is further arranged between the first stirring tank and the second delivery pump, the third stirring tank is also provided with the quantitative feeding device and the liquid level meter, the input end of the third stirring tank is connected with the first liquid outlet of the settling tank, and the output end of the third stirring tank is connected with the input end of the second delivery pump.
8. A method for maintaining a stable particle concentration in a proppant velocimetry experiment, which adopts the apparatus for maintaining a stable particle concentration in a proppant velocimetry experiment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the particles comprise tracer particles and proppant particles, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing fracturing fluid in a first stirring tank, and adding tracer particles into the fracturing fluid through a quantitative feeding device of the first stirring tank to be uniformly dispersed;
s2: starting a second conveying pump, pumping the fracturing fluid in the first stirring tank into a second stirring tank until the liquid level reaches the liquid level required by a proppant conveying experiment, starting a quantitative feeding device of the second stirring tank, adding proppant particles into the second stirring tank, and preparing a sand-carrying fluid with proppant concentration of C;
s3: starting a third delivery pump, adjusting the pumping rate of the third delivery pump to be Q, setting the pumping rate of a second delivery pump to be Q (1-C), setting the sand adding rate of a quantitative feeding device of the second stirring tank to be Q.C, and starting the first delivery pump;
s4: when the sand-carrying liquid enters a to-be-detected area of the simulated fracture, starting laser to illuminate tracer particles and proppant particles in the to-be-detected area, shooting and recording the flow field condition by using a camera, and reflecting the real number of the tracer particles and the proppant particles by the number of exposure pixels of the tracer particles and the proppant particles;
s5: opening a data property function option in the image processing software every T time, and recording the quantity of exposure intensity at the time; screening out the number of pixel points of the tracer particles and the proppant particles according to the exposure intensity of the tracer particles and the proppant particles;
s6: calculating the quantity change of pixel points of the tracer particles and the proppant particles at two adjacent moments,
if the change of the number of the pixel points of the tracer particles and the proppant particles is within a threshold value, the concentration change of the tracer particles and the concentration change of the proppant particles are stable within an experiment allowable range;
if the change of the number of the pixel points of the tracer particles exceeds the threshold value and the change of the number of the pixel points of the proppant particles is within the threshold value, adjusting the feeding rate of a quantitative feeding device of the first stirring tank, and repeating the steps S5-S6;
if the change of the number of the pixel points of the proppant particles exceeds the threshold value and the change of the number of the pixel points of the tracer particles is within the threshold value, adjusting the feeding rate of a quantitative feeding device of the second stirring tank, and repeating the steps S5-S6;
and if the quantity change of the pixel points of the tracer particles and the proppant particles exceeds the threshold value, adjusting the feeding rates of the quantitative feeding devices of the first stirring tank and the second stirring tank, and repeating the steps S5-S6.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the exposure intensity of the tracer particle is 10000-.
10. A method of maintaining a steady particle concentration in a proppant velocimetry experiment as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein said threshold is 20%.
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