CN113038639A - Electric heating switch control circuit and air conditioner with same - Google Patents
Electric heating switch control circuit and air conditioner with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN113038639A CN113038639A CN202110199772.2A CN202110199772A CN113038639A CN 113038639 A CN113038639 A CN 113038639A CN 202110199772 A CN202110199772 A CN 202110199772A CN 113038639 A CN113038639 A CN 113038639A
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- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0202—Switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H05B1/0252—Domestic applications
- H05B1/0275—Heating of spaces, e.g. rooms, wardrobes
- H05B1/028—Airconditioning
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
- F24F2221/34—Heater, e.g. gas burner, electric air heater
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electric heating control, and particularly provides an electric heating start control circuit and an air conditioner comprising the same, wherein the electric heating start control circuit comprises: the switch circuit comprises a first electric control switch capable of switching the working state and the non-working state of electric heating and a second electric control switch capable of switching the electric connection between an external power supply and the electric heating; the enabling circuit is used for switching to an enabling state under the condition that the first electric control switch is turned off; the detection circuit is used for detecting a current signal of electric heating and converting the current signal into a voltage signal; and the judging circuit is used for comparing the voltage signal input by the detection circuit with the reference voltage in an enabling state and switching off the second electric control switch under the condition that the voltage signal is higher than the reference voltage. Through the arrangement, when the contact adhesion phenomenon occurs in the electric heating relay, the phenomenon that the electric heating temperature is too high can be avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric heating control, in particular to an electric heating switch control circuit and an air conditioner with the same.
Background
The air conditioner mainly comprises a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, a throttling component and an outdoor heat exchanger, wherein the compressor, the indoor heat exchanger, the throttling component, the evaporator and the outdoor heat exchanger form a refrigerant main loop, and the temperature of an indoor space where the indoor heat exchanger is located can be adjusted along with the phase change of the refrigerant through the circulating flow of the refrigerant in the loop formed by the compressor, the condenser, the throttling component, the evaporator and the compressor. As in the case of the air conditioner in the heating mode, the indoor heat exchanger is a condenser that radiates heat so that the temperature of the indoor space is increased. The air conditioner can be classified into an inverter air conditioner capable of adjusting a rotational speed by adjusting a motor frequency of the compressor and a fixed frequency air conditioner in which the compressor is operated at a fixed motor frequency in a manner that the rotational speed is substantially constant, according to whether the frequency of the compressor is adjustable, and thus the compressor includes only an on state and an off state.
In order to ensure the service performance of the fixed-frequency air conditioner, the air conditioner is usually configured with electric heating, for example, an electric control switch such as a relay may be used to control the operation of the electric heating. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a conventional electric heating switch control circuit. As shown in fig. 1, the control logic of the control circuit is open loop control without feedback signal, specifically: the controller controls the opening/closing of the contacts of the relay K through the relay driver so that the electric heater is in a non-operating/operating state when the contacts are opened/closed. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: after the air conditioner is started, the control panel controls the contact of the relay to be closed, and the electric heating starts to operate; when the temperature of the indoor space reaches the target temperature set by the user, the control panel controls the contact of the relay to be disconnected, and the electric heating stops immediately.
However, there is a problem that: because the power of electrical heating is great and receives the life's of relay influence, in the moment that the relay stops the operation, because the electric current sudden change of the switch contact of relay, the phenomenon that the contact adhesion can appear. The contact adhesion directly leads to the disconnection failure of the electric heating relay, and the specific implementation is as follows: when the temperature of the indoor space has reached the target temperature and the control board has issued an instruction to turn off the relay according to the result, the load will remain in operation because the relay is not turned off according to the instruction. Such a state, if not stopped in time, may cause a problem such as excessive temperature of electric heating.
Specifically, in general, during the electric heating operation, the indoor fan of the air conditioner is also started to operate so as to facilitate the exchange of heat. If the indoor fan starts to operate when the electric heating is started, the self temperature (the temperature of the heating wire) of the electric heating can be reduced to a certain low value after the electric heating is closed for a certain time, and then the indoor fan can be immediately stopped. Under the condition that the contact adhesion appears in the electrical heating relay, after the temperature in the indoor space has reached the target temperature, because the self temperature of electrical heating can not reduce, nevertheless because the indoor fan has stopped the operation according to the instruction after electrical heating closes for a certain time, this will lead to the too high problem of temperature of electrical heating.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a new solution to the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the fact that the contact adhesion phenomenon may occur due to sudden change of current of a switch contact of the electric heating relay at the moment when the electric heating relay stops operating, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: when the electric heating relay has abnormal contact disconnection, such as contact adhesion and the like, the problem of overhigh electric heating temperature is avoided.
To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides an electric heating start-up control circuit, including: 1) a switching circuit including a first electric control switch and a second electric control switch, the first electric control switch being capable of switching an operating state and a non-operating state of the electric heating, and the second electric control switch being capable of switching an electric power connection between the external power supply and the electric heating; 2) the enabling circuit is used for switching to an enabling state under the condition that the first electric control switch is turned off; 3) the detection circuit is used for detecting a current signal of electric heating and converting the current signal into a voltage signal; and 4) a judging circuit for comparing the voltage signal input by the detection circuit with the reference voltage in the enabled state and turning off the second electrically controlled switch when the voltage signal is higher than the reference voltage.
With regard to the above-mentioned electric heating start-up control circuit, in a possible implementation manner, the electric heating start-up control circuit includes a controller and a driving circuit, and the controller sends a signal capable of switching an operating state and a non-operating state of electric heating to the first electric control switch through the driving circuit.
For the above electric heating start control circuit, in a possible implementation manner, the first end of the first electric control switch is connected to the electric heater, the second end of the first electric control switch is connected to the first end of the second electric control switch, and the second end of the second electric control switch is connected to the external power supply, so that the working state of the electric heater is switched through the first electric control switch and the first electric control switch, and thus the external power supply can supply power to the electric heater under the condition that the first electric control switch and the second electric control switch are both closed.
For the above electric heating start control circuit, in a possible implementation, the determining circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, and a signal comparator, wherein a first end of the first resistor is connected to a positive electrode of the power supply, a second end of the first resistor is connected to a first end of the second resistor, the first end of the second resistor is further connected to a positive input end of the signal comparator, a negative input end of the signal comparator is connected to an output end of the detecting circuit, and a second end of the second resistor is connected to an analog ground, so as to provide a reference voltage for the detecting circuit through a voltage dividing circuit formed by the first resistor and the second resistor; the output end of the signal comparator is connected with the control end of the second electric control switch so as to send a signal for disconnecting the second electric control switch to the control end of the second electric control switch when the voltage signal of the detection circuit is higher than the reference voltage, and the signal comparator is also connected with the output end of the enabling circuit so as to be electrified under the condition that the enabling circuit is conducted.
For the above-mentioned electric heating start control circuit, in a possible implementation manner, the enabling circuit includes a first diode, a first triode and a second triode, an anode of the first diode is connected with a base of the first triode, a cathode of the first diode is connected with a controller and a control end of a first relay respectively, an emitter of the first triode is grounded, a collector of the first triode is connected with a base of the second triode, and an emitter of the second triode is connected with an anode of a power supply, so that when the controller sends a signal that the first electric control switch is closed to the first electric control switch, the enabling circuit is turned on, and a collector of the second triode is connected with a signal comparator, so that when the enabling circuit is turned on, the signal comparator is powered.
For the above electric heating start-up control circuit, in a possible implementation manner, the first transistor is an NPN-type transistor, and the second transistor is a PNP-type transistor.
With regard to the above-mentioned electric heating start-up control circuit, in a possible implementation manner, the enabling circuit further includes a second diode and a third diode, an anode of the second diode is connected with an anode of the first diode, a cathode of the second diode is connected with an anode of the third diode, and a cathode of the third diode is connected with a base of the first triode, so as to prevent a phenomenon that the base of the first triode is conducted when the controller makes the first electric control switch conduct.
With regard to the above-mentioned electric heating start-up control circuit, in a possible implementation, the detection circuit includes a current transformer, a dc filter, and a rectifier, the current transformer is configured to convert the first current detected at the first winding side into the second current at the second winding side, the rectifier is configured to rectify the second current from ac into dc, and the dc filter is configured to filter a voltage signal corresponding to the dc before outputting to the determination circuit.
For the above electric heating start control circuit, in a possible implementation manner, the detection circuit further includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor, a first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the dc side of the rectifier, a second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the third resistor, a second end of the third resistor is grounded, the dc is converted into a voltage signal through the third resistor and the fourth resistor, and the third resistor is an adjustable resistor, so that the voltage signal transmitted to the determination circuit is adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the third resistor, thereby adjusting the detection accuracy of the detection circuit.
Through such setting, when the electrical heating normally starts, make the judgement circuit unable work of getting electricity through the intervention of enabling circuit, consequently external power source and electrical heating can keep electric power connection, and the electrical heating normally starts. When the electric heating stops working, the judgment circuit is powered on to work through the intervention of the enabling circuit, and when the electric heating is normally stopped, the external power supply can be electrically connected with the electric heating when the electric heating is normally stopped after the electric heating stops working. And when the electric heating continues to work under the condition that the electric heating should stop working due to the adhesion of the contact of the first electric control switch, the problem of overhigh temperature of the electric heating is prevented by disconnecting the electric power connection between the external power supply and the electric heating.
A second aspect of the present invention provides an air conditioner including an electric heater provided with the electric heating start-up control circuit of any one of the preceding claims.
It can be understood that the air conditioner has all the technical effects of the electric heating start control circuit, and the details are not repeated herein.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an electric heating switch control circuit of a conventional example;
fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric heating switch control circuit of a fixed frequency air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric heating switch control circuit of a fixed-frequency air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a judgment circuit in an electric heating switch control circuit of a fixed-frequency air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an enabling circuit of an electric heating switch control circuit of a fixed-frequency air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a circuit in an electric heating switch control circuit of a fixed-frequency air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Some embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. By an electrically controlled switch is understood a switch which is capable of opening or closing the switch under the control of an electrical signal. For example, the electrically controlled switch should include a switch body capable of being opened or closed and a control terminal capable of receiving and controlling the opening or closing of the switch body according to an electrical signal. For example, the electrically controlled switch may include, but is not limited to, a relay of the present embodiment, such as a transistor.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like in the description of the present invention are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening elements, or that they may be interconnected between two or more elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The air conditioner mainly comprises a compressor forming a refrigerant main loop, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, a throttling component (such as a capillary tube, an electronic expansion valve and the like) and a four-way valve, wherein the communication mode of the four-way valve is switched, so that the air conditioner can have a conventional refrigeration mode and a heating mode, and cold/heat can be distributed to the surface of the indoor heat exchanger along with the phase change of the refrigerant through the circulating flow of the refrigerant in a loop formed by the compressor, the condenser, the throttling component, the evaporator and the compressor. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: when the refrigerant circulates along the circuit of the compressor → the indoor heat exchanger → the outdoor heat exchanger → the compressor, the air conditioning system is in a heating cycle. Namely: under the condition that the air conditioning system is in a heating mode, the indoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser for distributing heat; when the refrigerant circulates along the circuit of the compressor → the outdoor heat exchanger → the indoor heat exchanger → the compressor, the air conditioning system is in a refrigeration cycle. Namely: in the case of an air conditioning system in a cooling mode, the indoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator for distributing cooling energy.
Air conditioners generally comprise an outdoor part and an indoor part, which are integrated in the same casing for existing models (such as window air conditioners, etc.). For most models, the outdoor part and the indoor part are of a split structure, wherein the outdoor part is called an outdoor unit of an air conditioner, and the indoor part is called an indoor unit of the air conditioner, and the outdoor part and the indoor part are connected through a pipeline.
Air conditioners of a split type structure generally include a cabinet type air conditioner, a wall-mounted air conditioner, and a built-in type air conditioner. Taking a hanging machine as an example, the back of a shell of an indoor unit of an air conditioner is usually fixedly arranged on a wall of an indoor space, the shell is provided with an air supply outlet and an air return inlet (such as bottom air supply and bottom air return), an indoor heat exchanger, an indoor fan, a water receiving disc, an electric cabinet and the like are mainly arranged in the shell, the air conditioner is in a refrigerating/heating circulating process, under the action of the indoor fan, a part of air in the indoor space is pumped into the shell through the air return inlet and exchanges heat with the surface of the indoor heat exchanger, the temperature of the part of air can be reduced/increased, and then the part of air with the reduced temperature is sent into the indoor space through the air supply outlet again, and the process is repeated, so that cold/heat generated by phase change of a refrigerant and circulating flow can be gradually sent. The surface of the condenser generates condensed water while heat is transferred to the indoor space. In order to ensure the sustainability of the refrigeration, it is necessary to discharge the condensed water to the outdoor side in time. Correspondingly, a water receiving disc is arranged below the indoor heat exchanger and mainly used for collecting condensed water generated on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger, a water drainage joint in butt joint with the water receiving disc is usually arranged on a shell of the indoor air conditioner, a water drainage pipe is configured on the water drainage joint, the upstream side of the water drainage pipe is matched and connected with the water drainage joint, and the downstream side of the water drainage pipe extends out of the outdoor side, so that the condensed water collected by the water receiving disc is drained out of the outdoor side in time through the water drainage pipe, and the operation sustainability of the air conditioner is guaranteed.
In order to better realize the heating performance of the air conditioner in the case that the air conditioner is a fixed-frequency air conditioner, the indoor air conditioner is usually configured with electric heating, such as to improve the user experience in the early stage of the operation of the air conditioner and in the case that the heating demand intensity is large.
The electric heating starting control circuit of the invention is used for ensuring the service performance of electric heating configured in the fixed-frequency air conditioner. Electric heating start control circuit mainly includes the switch block, enable circuit, detection circuitry and judgement circuit, and the switch block includes first electric control switch and first electric control switch, if first electric control switch, and first electric control switch be the relay (remember respectively K1, K2), K1 sets up between start control circuit and electric heating, K2 sets up between external power source and control circuit, and electric heating start control circuit's theory of operation is:
the controller (MCU) sends a signal to the K1 through the driver circuit to close or open it. The decision circuit can send a signal to K2 to close or open it. The driving circuit can be implemented by using an optional driving chip, for example, in this embodiment, a driving chip (referred to as chip IC1) of ULN2003, which is hereinafter referred to as a relay driver. The enabling state of the decision circuit is controlled by an enabling circuit, specifically, such control logic is only executed if the controller signals K1 to be turned off: the detection circuit detects a CURRENT signal (HEAT-CURRENT) of the electric Heater (HEAT) and converts the CURRENT signal into a voltage signal, the judgment circuit compares the voltage signal with a reference voltage, and issues a signal to turn off the K2 in case the voltage signal is higher than the reference voltage. Namely: the enabling circuit can only realize the conduction of the enabling circuit under the condition that the working state of the electric heating is abnormal closing caused by the adhesion of the contact points (the enabling circuit realizes a switching function, so the enabling circuit can also be called as an enabling switch), and at the moment, the judging circuit can disconnect the K2 based on the detection result of the detection circuit, thereby disconnecting the external power supply from the electric heating. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1) closing control for putting electric heating into operation:
the controller sends a signal indicating that the relay driver is closed to K1 through the relay driver (the relay driver outputs a low level), and based on this, the controller disables the determination circuit by sending an enable control to the enable circuit. Since the judging circuit does not operate, it is not possible to give an instruction to determine whether the voltage exceeds the reference voltage or not based on the current of the electric heating detected by the detecting circuit and thus to turn off the second relay.
2) Off control to put the electric heating in a non-operating state:
the controller sends a signal instructing the K1 to turn off through the relay driver (the relay driver outputs a high level), and based on this, the controller causes the determination circuit to operate by giving the enable control to the enable circuit. At this time:
21) if the electric heater continues to operate, the voltage derived from the current detected by the detection circuit will exceed the reference voltage. The judgment circuit will disconnect the K2 according to the result, namely, the electrical connection between the external power supply and the electric heating starting control circuit is disconnected. Such a control logic is designed because: in this case, the electrical heating is in an operating state due to the sticking of the contacts, and the abnormal operating state is suspended by disconnecting the electrical connection between the power source and the electrical heating start control circuit.
22) If the electric heating does not work, the voltage obtained according to the current detected by the detection circuit does not exceed the reference voltage. The decision circuit will make K2 continue to close conduction according to the result, i.e. maintain the power connection between the external power source and the electric heater. Such a control logic is designed because: in this case, the electric heater has been reliably switched to the non-operating state in accordance with the off instruction of the controller, and therefore, it is not necessary to disconnect the electric power connection between the power supply and the electric heater.
Fig. 2 to 6, fig. 2 shows a block diagram of an electric heating switch control circuit of a fixed-frequency air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an electric heating switch control circuit of a fixed-frequency air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a determination circuit in an electric heating switch control circuit of a fixed-frequency air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an enable circuit in an electric heating switch control circuit of a fixed-frequency air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a circuit in an electric heating switch control circuit of a fixed-frequency air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention. Next, the electric heating start-up control apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 2 to 6. The electric heating start control device mainly comprises:
first, a switching circuit (refer to fig. 2 and 3):
the switch circuit comprises a first electric control switch K1 (electric heating relay) and a second electric control switch K2 (power supply relay), wherein the first end of the K1 is connected with the electric heating, the second end of the K1 is connected with the first end of the K2, and the second end of the K2 is connected with an external power supply.
The controller sends a signal to the control terminal of K1 through the relay driver, switching the on/off state of K1.
2) When the enable circuit is turned on, the on/off state of the K2 is switched by sending a signal to the control terminal of the K2 through the judgment circuit. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the K2 is in a closed state when being switched to the movable contact 5, and the power supply is connected with the electric heating power under the condition that both K1 and K2 are closed; the K2 is in open state when it switches to the movable contact 4, at which time the power connection to the electric heating is disconnected regardless of whether the K1 is closed or not.
Second, the determination circuit (see fig. 2 to 4):
the judging circuit is mainly used for comparing a voltage signal input by the detection circuit with a reference voltage and controlling the switching state of the K2 according to a comparison result.
The judging circuit mainly comprises a resistor R7 as a first resistor, a resistor R10 as a second resistor and a signal comparator, and the specific circuit connection is as follows: a first terminal of the resistor R7 is connected to a positive terminal of the power supply, a second terminal of the resistor R7 is connected to a first terminal of the resistor R10, a first terminal of the resistor R10 is further connected to a positive input terminal of the signal comparator, a second terminal of the resistor R10 is connected to analog ground, a first terminal and a second terminal of the resistor R9 are respectively connected to a negative input terminal of the signal comparator and an output terminal of the detection circuit (a first terminal of the capacitor C2), a first terminal of the capacitor C3 is respectively connected to the negative input terminal of the signal comparator and a first terminal of the resistor R9, a second terminal of the capacitor C3 is connected to analog ground, a first terminal and a second terminal of the resistor R5 are respectively connected to the positive terminal of the power supply and the output terminal of the signal comparator, an output terminal of the signal comparator is directly connected to a control terminal of the K2, the signal comparator is further connected to an output terminal (a collector of the judgment circuit (P1) to enable the circuit, the signal comparator is powered.
In this embodiment, the signal comparator is, for example, a chip (denoted as chip IC2) of type LM293DR, and as can be seen from fig. 4, the chip IC2 includes two signal comparators, wherein one signal comparator (the left signal comparator) has a positive input terminal grounded, a negative input terminal connected to an output terminal, and thus belongs to the standby signal comparator, and the other signal comparator (the right signal comparator) is the signal comparator in the determination circuit of the electric heating signal control circuit of the present invention.
Based on such a circuit structure, the principle that the judgment circuit realizes the judgment control function is as follows: after the controller sends out an instruction to turn off the electric heating (K1 is turned off), the enabling circuit is turned on, and under the condition that the enabling circuit is turned on, power can be output to the signal comparator. That is, after the K1 is turned off, the signal comparator is powered on, the judgment circuit starts to work, and the judgment circuit can control the on-off of the K2 according to the detection result of the detection circuit. Specifically, the resistor R7 and the resistor R10 of the judgment circuit are used to provide a reference voltage for determining whether to turn off K2, specifically: r7 and R10 form a voltage divider circuit that determines a reference voltage Vref, specifically: Vref-R10/(R7 + R10) VCC. The signal comparator compares the voltage signal input by the detection circuit with a reference voltage and determines whether to send a signal for turning off the K2 to the control terminal of the K2 according to the comparison result, specifically:
when the voltage signal input by the detection circuit is higher than the reference voltage, the output end of the signal comparator sends a signal for disconnecting the K2 to the control end of the K2, so that the power connection between the power supply and the electric heating signal control circuit is cut off, and the continuous work of electric heating caused by the adhesion of contacts is prevented;
when the voltage signal input by the detection circuit is not higher than the reference voltage, the output end of the signal comparator sends a signal for enabling the K2 to continuously attract to the control end of the K2, so that the electric connection between the power supply and the electric heating signal control circuit is still maintained after the electric heating stops working under the condition of non-contact adhesion.
Note that, the ABLE (enable signal) output in fig. 3 and 4 is not a separate signal, but should be understood as: after K1 is turned off, the enable circuit is turned on and the signal comparator is powered.
Third, enable circuit (refer to fig. 2, 3, and 5):
the enabling circuit is used to make itself conductive or non-conductive depending on the switching state of K1. When the enable circuit is turned on, the determination circuit is powered on and is in an operating state. The enabling circuit mainly includes a diode D1 as a first diode, a first triode (in this embodiment, the first triode is an NPN-type triode N1), and a second triode (in this embodiment, the second triode is a PNP-type triode P1), and the specific circuit structure is as follows: the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the base of the transistor N1, the anode of the diode D1 is further connected to the positive electrode of the power supply through the resistor R2, the first end of the resistor R11 is connected to the base of the transistor N1, the second end of the resistor R11 is grounded, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the controller and the control end of the K1, respectively, the emitter of the transistor N1 is grounded, the collector of the transistor N1 is connected to the base of the transistor P1 through the resistor R8, the emitter of the transistor P1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, the first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the base of the transistor P1, the collector of the transistor P1 is connected to the ABLE, and the ABLE is configured to actively supply power to the signal comparator of the determining module when the enabling circuit is turned on, so that the determining circuit can determine whether to turn.
Based on such a circuit structure, the principle of the enabling circuit to realize its enabling control function is as follows:
when the controller sends a signal to make the electric heating work (to close K1), the output of pin 3 of the relay driver is a low voltage signal, the anode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the power supply, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to pin 3 and the ground, so the diode D1 is conducted. In this way, the diode D1 pulls down the base voltage of the transistor N1, thereby turning off the transistor N1. When the transistor N1 is in the off state, the transistor P1 is also in the off state inevitably, the enable circuit cannot be turned on, and the enable signal cannot be output. That is, the judgment circuit is in a non-operating state at this time, the signal comparator does not operate, and the signal for turning off the K2 is output at the output end of the signal comparator without the normal operation process of the electric heating.
When the controller sends out a signal for stopping the electric heating (switching off the K1), the pin 3 of the relay driver outputs a high-impedance signal, the control end of the first relay is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, so the pin 3 of the relay driver presents a high-level signal, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the positive pole of the power supply at the moment, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the pin 3 and grounded, and the anode of the diode D1 is connected with the positive pole of the power supply through the resistor R2, so the effect of reversely cutting off the diode D1 at the moment ensures the conduction of the first triode through the reverse cutting off of the diode D1. Specifically, since the base of the transistor N1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply and the base voltage of the transistor N1 is not pulled low, the transistor N1 is in a conducting state, and on the premise that the transistor N1 is in the conducting state, the emitter of the transistor P1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply and the base is connected to the collector of the transistor N1, the transistor P1 is turned on, the enable circuit is turned on, and an enable signal is output to the determination circuit. That is, the judgment circuit at this time enters an operating state, and the signal comparator operates, so that a signal for turning off the K2 can be output at the output terminal of the signal comparator based on the detection result of the detection circuit.
Preferably, the enabling circuit further comprises a diode D4 as a second diode and a diode D7 as a third diode, and the specific circuit connections are as follows: the anode of the diode D4 is connected to the anode of the diode D1, the cathode of the diode D4 is connected to the anode of the diode D7, and the cathode of the diode D7 is connected to the base of the transistor N1. Based on this circuit configuration, when the voltage K1 is normally turned on, the diode D1 is turned on, so that the output voltage at pin 3 of the chip IC1 is low, the voltage is about 0.7V, and the voltage drop of the diode D1 is also about 0.7V, so that the voltage at the anode of the diode D1 is about 1.4V. At this time, if the diode D4 and the diode D7 are not provided, the transistor N1 has a possibility that the base is turned on, that is, the enable circuit is disabled (the external power source is turned off in the state of the electric heating operation). When the diode D4 and the diode D7 are connected, the voltage for turning on the two diodes also needs about 1.4V, so that the following situations do not exist: the base of transistor N1 turns on when K1 is normally on. Thus, the diode D4 and the diode D7 play a role of clamp protection.
Fourth, a detection circuit (see fig. 2, 3, and 6):
the detection circuit is used for detecting the current of electric heating and converting the current into a voltage signal and then transmitting the voltage signal to the judgment module. The detection circuit mainly comprises a current transformer CT1, a direct current filter (in the embodiment, the direct current filter is an electrolytic capacitor E1) and a rectifier (in the embodiment, the rectifier is a full-bridge rectifier BD1), and the specific circuit structure is as follows: the primary winding side of the current transformer CT1 is used for detecting a first electrically heated current (large current) and converting the first electrically heated current into a second current (small current) on the secondary winding side of the current transformer CT1, the secondary winding side of the current transformer CT1 is connected with the alternating current side of the full-bridge rectifier BD1, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current side of the rectifier BD1 are respectively connected with the negative electrode and the positive electrode of a direct current filter (in this embodiment, the direct current filter is an electrolytic capacitor E1), and the second current is rectified by the full-bridge rectifier BD1 and filtered by the electrolytic capacitor E1 in sequence and then outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the detected first current to the judgment module.
In this way, when the electrical heating is continued to be operated due to the adhesion of the contacts, the current transformer CT1 detects the current (ac) of the electrical heating, and transmits a voltage signal corresponding to the current to the determination circuit.
Preferably, the detection circuit further includes a resistor VR1 (adjustable resistor) as a third resistor and a resistor R6 as a fourth resistor, and the specific circuit connections are as follows: a first end of the resistor R6 is connected to a positive electrode of the rectifier BD1 on the dc side, a second end of the resistor R6 is connected to a first end of the resistor VR1, a second end of the resistor VR1 is grounded, a third end of the resistor VR1 is connected to a negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor E1, first and second ends of the resistor R4 are connected to a positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor E1 and a negative electrode of the rectifier BD1 on the dc side, a negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor E1 is grounded, an anode of the diode D2 is connected to a positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor E1, a cathode of the diode D2 is connected to a positive electrode of the power supply, a first end of the resistor R3 is connected to a first end of the capacitor C2 and a second end of the judgment circuit R9, a second end of the resistor R3 is connected to a positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor E1, a first end of the resistor R4 and an anode of the diode D2, and a second end of the.
The second current output by the secondary winding side of the current transformer is converted into voltage signals through the resistor VR1 and the resistor R6 and then transmitted to the judgment circuit. By adjusting the resistance of the resistor VR1 (the resistor between the first end and the second end of the resistor VR 1), the output voltage signal can be adjusted, and therefore the accuracy of the detected current can be adjusted. Specifically, when the resistance of the resistor VR1 is small, the detection is sensitive and the accuracy is high, and when the resistance of the resistor VR1 is large, the detection sensitivity is low and the accuracy is low.
Therefore, the electric heating switch control circuit of the invention enables the circuit to be in a non-enabled state in the starting process of electric heating through the intervention of the enabling circuit, and the judging circuit does not participate in the discrimination of the normality or not at the moment, so that the judging circuit does not interfere with the starting mechanism of the electric heating, and the electric heating can be started normally. And when the electric heating stops working, the enabling circuit is in an enabling state, the judging circuit is involved in the discrimination of whether the K1 is normally disconnected or not, and under the condition of abnormal disconnection caused by the adhesion of a switch contact such as K1, the judging circuit disconnects the electric power connection between the external power supply and the electric heating in a mode of disconnecting K2, so that the phenomenon of overhigh electric heating temperature when the K1 is abnormally disconnected is avoided.
So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An electrically heated start-up control circuit, the start-up control circuit comprising:
1) a switching circuit including a first electrically controlled switch and a second electrically controlled switch,
the working state and the non-working state of the electric heating can be switched by switching the first electric control switch,
the power connection between the external power supply and the electric heater can be switched by switching the second electric control switch;
2) the enabling circuit is used for switching to an enabling state under the condition that the first electric control switch is turned off;
3) the detection circuit is used for detecting a current signal of electric heating and converting the current signal into a voltage signal; and
4) and the judging circuit is used for comparing the voltage signal input by the detection circuit with the reference voltage in an enabling state and switching off the second electric control switch under the condition that the voltage signal is higher than the reference voltage.
2. The electric heating start-up control circuit according to claim 1, comprising a controller and a drive circuit, wherein the controller sends a signal capable of switching an operating state and a non-operating state of electric heating to the first electrically controlled switch through the drive circuit.
3. The electric heating start control circuit according to claim 2, wherein a first terminal of the first electrically controlled switch is connected to the electric heater, a second terminal of the first electrically controlled switch is connected to a first terminal of the second electrically controlled switch, and a second terminal of the second electrically controlled switch is connected to an external power source, so that:
the working state of electric heating is switched through the first electric control switch and the first electric control switch, so that under the condition that the first electric control switch and the second electric control switch are both closed, an external power supply can supply power for the electric heating.
4. The electric heating start-up control circuit according to claim 2, wherein the judgment circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, and a signal comparator,
the first end of the first resistor is connected with the positive pole of a power supply, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the first end of the second resistor, the first end of the second resistor is also connected with the positive-phase input end of the signal comparator, the negative-phase input end of the signal comparator is connected with the output end of the detection circuit, and the second end of the second resistor is connected with an analog ground so as to provide a reference voltage for the detection circuit through a voltage division circuit formed by the first resistor and the second resistor;
wherein the output end of the signal comparator is connected with the control end of the second electric control switch so as to send a signal for switching off the second electric control switch to the control end of the second electric control switch when the voltage signal of the detection circuit is higher than the reference voltage,
the signal comparator is also connected to the output of the enable circuit so that the signal comparator is powered when the enable circuit is conductive.
5. The electric heating start-up control circuit of claim 4, wherein the enable circuit comprises a first diode, a first transistor, and a second transistor,
the anode of the first diode is connected with the base electrode of the first triode, the cathode of the first diode is respectively connected with the controller and the control end of the first relay, the emitter of the first triode is grounded, the collector of the first triode is connected with the base electrode of the second triode, the emitter of the second triode is connected with the anode of the power supply, so that the enabling circuit is conducted when the controller sends a signal for closing the first electric control switch to the first electric control switch,
and the collector of the second triode is connected with the signal comparator, so that the signal comparator is electrified under the condition that the enabling circuit is conducted.
6. The electrically heated start-up control circuit of claim 5 wherein the first transistor is an NPN transistor and the second transistor is a PNP transistor.
7. The electrical heating start control circuit of claim 6 wherein the enable circuit further comprises a second diode and a third diode,
the anode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the first diode, the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the third diode, and the cathode of the third diode is connected with the base electrode of the first triode, so that the phenomenon that the base electrode of the first triode is conducted under the condition that the first electronic control switch is conducted by the controller is prevented.
8. The electric heating start-up control circuit of claim 1, wherein the detection circuit comprises a current transformer, a DC filter and a rectifier,
the current transformer is used for converting a first current detected by the first winding side into a second current on the second winding side, the rectifier is used for rectifying the second current from alternating current to direct current, and the direct current filter is used for filtering a voltage signal corresponding to the direct current before the voltage signal is output to the judging circuit.
9. The electrical heating start-up control circuit of claim 8, wherein the detection circuit further comprises a third resistor and a fourth resistor,
a first end of the fourth resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current side of the rectifier, a second end of the fourth resistor is connected with a first end of the third resistor, a second end of the third resistor is grounded,
the direct current is converted into a voltage signal through a third resistor and a fourth resistor, the third resistor is an adjustable resistor, so that the voltage signal transmitted to the judgment circuit is adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the third resistor, and the detection precision of the detection circuit is adjusted.
10. An air conditioner characterized in that it comprises an electric heater provided with the electric heating start control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202110199772.2A CN113038639B (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2021-02-22 | Electric heating switch control circuit and air conditioner with same |
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| CN202110199772.2A CN113038639B (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2021-02-22 | Electric heating switch control circuit and air conditioner with same |
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| CN113038639B (en) | 2024-02-23 |
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