CN113036256B - Battery pack and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Battery pack and electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113036256B
CN113036256B CN201911236359.8A CN201911236359A CN113036256B CN 113036256 B CN113036256 B CN 113036256B CN 201911236359 A CN201911236359 A CN 201911236359A CN 113036256 B CN113036256 B CN 113036256B
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China
Prior art keywords
cover
battery
heat dissipation
battery pack
cover body
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CN201911236359.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113036256A (en
Inventor
张越
周燕飞
张中林
顾晓峰
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201911236359.8A priority Critical patent/CN113036256B/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6562—Gases with free flow by convection only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery pack and an electric vehicle, wherein the battery pack comprises a pack body, and the pack body comprises two cover bodies which are oppositely arranged along a third direction; at least one layer of battery array is arranged in the package body along the third direction, and the battery array is positioned between the two cover bodies; the battery array comprises a plurality of single batteries arranged along a first direction, and the single batteries extend along a second direction; the single battery comprises two shell surfaces which are oppositely arranged along the third direction, a heat dissipation air duct is formed between at least one cover body and the shell surface adjacent to the cover body, the heat dissipation air duct extends along the first direction and is communicated with the outside, so that cooling air flows from one side of the battery array to the other side along the first direction. The battery pack has the advantages of high space utilization rate and good heat dissipation effect.

Description

Battery pack and electric vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery pack and an electric vehicle.
Background
The mode of carrying out the forced air cooling heat dissipation to the battery cell in the battery package among the correlation technique mainly includes two kinds: firstly, an air cooling plate or a heat dissipation fin is arranged in the battery pack, but the cooling mode occupies the space in the battery pack, so that the utilization rate of the battery pack is reduced; secondly, an air cooling plate or a heat dissipation fin is arranged inside the battery pack, but the cooling mode enables the heat generated by the single battery to be firstly transferred to the pack body of the battery pack and then transferred into the heat dissipation air duct to be taken away by the cooling air, and the indirect heat conduction mode can lead to relatively poor heat dissipation effect of the single battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a battery pack and an electric vehicle which have high space utilization rate and good heat dissipation effect.
To solve the above technical problem, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery pack, including:
the bag body comprises two cover bodies oppositely arranged along a third direction; at least one layer of battery array is arranged in the package body along the third direction, and the battery array is positioned between the two cover bodies; the battery array comprises a plurality of single batteries arranged along a first direction, and the single batteries extend along a second direction; the single battery comprises two shell surfaces which are oppositely arranged along the third direction, a heat dissipation air duct is formed between at least one cover body and the shell surface adjacent to the cover body, the heat dissipation air duct extends along the first direction and is communicated with the outside, so that cooling air flows from one side of the battery array to the other side along the first direction.
Optionally, one of the two covers is a first cover, and the other of the two covers is a second cover; one of the two housing surfaces is a first surface and the other of the two housing surfaces is a second surface; the first surface is arranged towards the first cover body, and the second surface is arranged towards the second cover body; the heat dissipation air duct is formed between the first cover body and the first surface adjacent to the first cover body.
Optionally, one of the two covers is a first cover, and the other of the two covers is a second cover; one of the two housing surfaces is a first surface and the other of the two housing surfaces is a second surface; the first surface is disposed toward the first cover, and the second surface is disposed toward the second cover; the second cover body and the second surface adjacent to the second cover body form the heat dissipation air duct.
Optionally, one of the two covers is a first cover, and the other of the two covers is a second cover; one of the two outer shell surfaces is a first surface, and the other of the two outer shell surfaces is a second surface; the first surface is disposed toward the first cover, and the second surface is disposed toward the second cover; the heat dissipation air duct is formed between the first cover body and a first surface adjacent to the first cover body, and the heat dissipation air duct is formed between the second cover body and a second surface adjacent to the second cover body.
Optionally, a gap is left between the first cover and the first surface of each single battery adjacent to the first cover, and the gaps are communicated with each other to form the heat dissipation air duct.
Optionally, a gap is left between the second cover and a second surface of each of the unit batteries adjacent to the second cover, and the gaps are communicated with each other to form the heat dissipation air duct.
Optionally, the heat dissipation air ducts are provided in plurality, and the plurality of heat dissipation air ducts are sequentially arranged along the second direction.
Optionally, a plurality of protruding portions are arranged on at least one cover body, a recessed portion is arranged between every two adjacent protruding portions, and the heat dissipation air duct is formed between the protruding portions and the outer shell surface adjacent to the protruding portions.
Optionally, the recess abuts a surface of the housing adjacent the recess.
Optionally, the outer shell surface is a largest area surface of the unit cell.
Optionally, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on two sides of the bag body along the first direction, and the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated with the heat dissipation air duct and the outside.
Optionally, a manifold cavity is arranged in the bag body, and the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated with the heat dissipation air duct through the manifold cavity.
Optionally, the battery pack further comprises a partition board, the two cover bodies are connected to form an accommodating cavity, the battery array is arranged in the accommodating cavity, openings are formed in the two ends of the accommodating cavity along the second direction, and the partition board is connected with the two cover bodies to seal the openings.
Optionally, the battery pack further includes a side plate, the side plate is disposed on one side of the partition plate away from the battery array to form a sealed accommodating cavity together with the partition plate, the single battery is provided with an electrode terminal for leading out current, the partition plate is provided with a through hole, and the electrode terminal penetrates through the through hole and is accommodated in the accommodating cavity.
Optionally, a sealing member is disposed between the electrode terminal and the wall of the through hole.
Optionally, the battery array is provided with a plurality of layers, and two adjacent layers of the battery arrays are connected through a bonding piece.
Optionally, the battery cell is a cuboid generally, the battery cell has a length L, a width H and a thickness D, the length L of the battery cell is greater than the width H, the width H of the battery cell is greater than the thickness D, wherein the first direction is parallel to the width direction of the battery cell, the second direction is parallel to the length direction of the battery cell, and the third direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the battery cell.
Optionally, the size of the single battery along the first direction is M, the size of the single battery along the second direction is N, and N is greater than M.
Optionally, the size of the single battery along the second direction is N, and N is greater than or equal to 400mm and less than or equal to 2500mm.
Optionally, the cell extends from one side of the enclosure to the other side in a second direction.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides an electric vehicle which comprises the battery pack.
According to the battery pack and the electric vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention, the pack body comprises two cover bodies oppositely arranged along the third direction, the single battery comprises two shell surfaces oppositely arranged along the third direction, the radiating air duct is formed between at least one cover body and the shell surface adjacent to the cover body, the radiating air duct extends along the first direction and is communicated with the outside, so that cooling air flows from one side of the battery array to the other side along the first direction, the outside cooling air can enter the radiating air duct and directly contact with the shell surfaces of the single battery to cool and radiate the single battery, and the direct cooling and radiating mode is favorable for improving the radiating effect of the single battery. Moreover, the heat dissipation air duct is directly formed by the bag body and the shell surface of the single battery, so that additional cooling components such as heat dissipation fins or cooling plates are not needed, and the space utilization rate of the battery pack is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view at B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C of FIG. 3;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a single battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:
10. a battery pack;
1. a bag body; 11. a first cover body; 12. a second cover body; 13. an air inlet; 14. An air outlet; 15. A boss portion; 16. a recessed portion; 17. a body; 18. a connecting portion; 19. a fixed part; 20. a cover body; 30. a shell surface; 40. an array of batteries;
2. a single battery; 21. a first surface; 22. a second surface; 23. An electrode terminal;
3. a heat dissipation air duct;
4. a partition plate; 41. a through hole;
5. a manifold chamber;
6. an accommodating chamber;
7. a side plate;
8. an accommodating cavity;
9. and (4) bonding the parts.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, one embodiment of the present invention provides a battery pack 10, which includes a pack body 1 and at least one battery array layer 40. The battery array 40 is disposed in the package 1 in the third direction. The bag body 1 comprises two covers 20 oppositely arranged along the third direction, and the battery array 40 is positioned between the two covers 20. The battery array 40 includes a plurality of single batteries 2 arranged in a first direction, and the single batteries 2 extend in a second direction. The single battery 2 includes two casing surfaces 30 oppositely arranged along the third direction, a heat dissipation air duct 3 is formed between at least one of the cover bodies 20 and the casing surface 30 adjacent to the cover body 20, and the heat dissipation air duct 3 extends along the first direction and is communicated with the outside, so that cooling air flows from one side to the other side of the battery array 40 along the first direction. The first direction is the X direction in the figure, the second direction is the Y direction in the figure, and the third direction is the Z direction in the figure.
According to the battery pack 10 and the electric vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention, the pack body 1 comprises two cover bodies 20 which are oppositely arranged along the third direction, the single battery 2 comprises two shell surfaces 30 which are oppositely arranged along the third direction, the heat dissipation air duct 3 is formed between at least one cover body 20 and the shell surface 30 adjacent to the cover body 20, the heat dissipation air duct 3 extends along the first direction and is communicated with the outside, so that cooling air flows from one side to the other side of the battery array 40 along the first direction, the outside cooling air can enter the heat dissipation air duct 3 and directly contact with the shell surface 30 of the single battery 2 to cool and dissipate heat of the single battery 2, and the direct cooling and heat dissipation mode is favorable for improving the heat dissipation effect of the single battery 2. Moreover, the heat dissipation air duct 3 is directly formed by the casing surfaces 30 of the pack body 1 and the single batteries 2, so that no additional cooling component, such as a heat dissipation fin or a cooling plate, is required, thereby being beneficial to improving the space utilization rate of the battery pack 10.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, one of the two covers 20 is a first cover 11, and the other of the two covers 20 is a second cover 12; one of the two outer shell surfaces 30 is a first surface 21, and the other of the two outer shell surfaces 30 is a second surface 22; the first surface 21 is disposed toward the first cover 11, and the second surface 22 is disposed toward the second cover 12; the heat dissipation air duct 3 is formed between the first cover 11 and a first surface 21 adjacent to the first cover 11, and the heat dissipation air duct 3 is formed between the second cover 12 and a second surface 22 adjacent to the second cover 12.
In this embodiment, two layers of battery arrays 40 are disposed in the package 1 along the third direction, the two layers of battery arrays 40 are both located between the first cover 11 and the second cover 12, the two layers of battery arrays 40 are respectively labeled as a first layer of battery array 40 and a second layer of battery array 40 along the third direction, the first layer of battery array 40 is adjacent to the first cover 11, the second layer of battery array 40 is adjacent to the second cover 12, the heat dissipation air duct 3 is formed between the first cover 11 and the first surface 21 adjacent to the first cover 11 (i.e., the first surface 21 of the unit battery 2 of the first layer of battery array 40), and the heat dissipation air duct 3 is formed between the second cover 12 and the second surface 22 adjacent to the second cover 12 (i.e., the second surface 22 of the unit battery 2 of the second layer of battery array 40). So set up, can realize cooling and dispelling the heat to the battery cell 2 of two-layer battery array 40 simultaneously.
Wherein each layer of the cell array 40 includes five unit cells 2 arranged in the first direction. Of course, the number of the single batteries 2 contained in each layer of the battery array 40 can also be set according to actual needs, for example, three or four. In addition, the number of the single cells 2 in each layer of the cell array 40 may be the same or different.
In another embodiment, the three-layer battery array 40 is arranged in the bag body 1 along the third direction, and the three-layer battery array 40 is located between the first cover 11 and the second cover 12. The tri-layer battery arrays 40 are respectively labeled as a first-layer battery array 40, a second-layer battery array 40 and a third-layer battery array 40 along the third direction. The first layer of battery array 40 is adjacent to the first cover 11, the third layer of battery array 40 is adjacent to the second cover 12, the first cover 11 and the first surface 21 adjacent to the first cover 11 (i.e. the first surface 21 of the single battery 2 of the first layer of battery array 40) form the heat dissipation air duct 3, and the second cover 12 and the second surface 22 adjacent to the second cover 12 (i.e. the second surface 22 of the single battery 2 of the third layer of battery array 40) form the heat dissipation air duct 3 therebetween.
In another embodiment, a layer of battery arrays 40 is disposed in the bag 1 along the third direction, and the battery arrays 40 are located between the first cover 11 and the second cover 12. The first cover 11 and the first surface 21 adjacent to the first cover 11 (i.e. the first surface 21 of the single battery 2 of the battery array 40) form a heat dissipation air duct 3, and the second cover 12 and the second surface 22 adjacent to the second cover 12 (i.e. the second surface 22 of the single battery 2 of the battery array 40) form the heat dissipation air duct 3 therebetween. In another embodiment, different from the above embodiments, the heat dissipation air duct 3 is formed between the first cover 11 and the first surface 21 adjacent to the first cover 11.
In another embodiment, different from the above embodiments, the heat dissipation air duct 3 is formed between the second cover 12 and the second surface 22 adjacent to the second cover 12.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a gap is left between the first cover 11 and the first surface 21 of each unit cell 2 adjacent to the first cover 11, and the gaps are communicated with each other to form the heat dissipation air duct 3. That is, the heat dissipation duct 3 is formed directly by the first cover 11 and the first surface 21 of each unit cell 2 adjacent to the first cover 11, and is not formed by additionally providing other components.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a gap is left between the second cover 12 and the second surface 22 of each unit cell 2 adjacent to the second cover 12, and the gaps are communicated with each other to form the heat dissipation duct 3. That is, the heat dissipation duct 3 is formed directly by the second cover 12 and the second surface 22 of each unit cell 2 adjacent to the second cover 12, and is not formed by additionally providing other components.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the plurality of heat dissipating air ducts 3 are provided, and the plurality of heat dissipating air ducts 3 are sequentially arranged along the second direction. So set up, be favorable to improving the efficiency to the cooling of cell 2 and heat dissipation.
In the present embodiment, a plurality of heat dissipation air channels 3 are formed between the first cover 11 and the first surface 21 adjacent to the first cover 11, and a plurality of heat dissipation air channels 3 are formed between the second cover 12 and the second surface 22 adjacent to the second cover 12.
The number of the heat dissipation air ducts 3 formed between the first cover 11 and the first surface 21 adjacent to the first cover 11 is the same as the number of the heat dissipation air ducts 3 formed between the second cover 12 and the first surface 21 adjacent to the second cover 12, and is six. Of course, the number of the heat dissipation air ducts 3 can also be set according to actual needs, for example, three or four. In addition, the number of the heat dissipation air ducts 3 formed between the first cover 11 and the first surface 21 adjacent to the first cover 11 may be the same as or different from the number of the heat dissipation air ducts 3 formed between the second cover 12 and the first surface 21 adjacent to the second cover 12.
In another embodiment, different from the above embodiments, a plurality of heat dissipation air ducts 3 are formed between the first cover 11 and the first surface 21 adjacent to the first cover 11.
In another embodiment, different from the above embodiments, a plurality of heat dissipation air ducts 3 are formed between the second cover 12 and the first surface 21 adjacent to the second cover 12.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a plurality of protruding portions 15 are disposed on at least one of the cover bodies 20, a recessed portion 16 is disposed between two adjacent protruding portions 15, and the heat dissipation air duct 3 is formed between the protruding portions 15 and the outer shell surface 30 adjacent to the protruding portions 15.
In this embodiment, a plurality of protruding portions 15 are disposed on each of the first cover 11 and the second cover 12, the protruding portions 15 protrude in a direction away from the battery array 40 and extend along the first direction, and a recessed portion 16 is disposed between two adjacent protruding portions 15. The heat dissipation air duct 3 is formed between the protruding portion 15 of the first cover 11 and the first surface 21 adjacent to the protruding portion 15. The heat dissipation air duct 3 is formed between the protruding portion 15 of the second cover 12 and the second surface 22 adjacent to the protruding portion 15. That is, a gap is left between the protruding portion 15 on the first cover 11 and the first surface 21 of each unit cell 2 adjacent to the protruding portion 15, and the gaps communicate with each other to form the heat dissipation air duct 3. A gap is left between the convex portion 15 on the second cover 12 and the second surface 22 of each unit cell 2 adjacent to the convex portion 15, and the gaps are communicated with each other to form the heat dissipation air duct 3.
Six protrusions 15 are disposed on each of the first cover 11 and the second cover 12. Of course, the number of the convex portions 15 can be set according to actual needs, for example, three or four. The number of the protrusions 15 provided on the first cover 11 and the second cover 12 may be the same or different.
In another embodiment, different from the above embodiments, the first cover 11 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 15.
In another embodiment, different from the above embodiments, a plurality of protrusions 15 are provided on the second cover 12.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-5, the recess 16 abuts the outer shell surface 30 adjacent the recess 16. The outer shell surface 30 is a surface having the largest area in the unit battery 2, and when the concave portion 16 abuts against a large surface, the unit battery 2 can be restricted from swelling to some extent.
It should be noted that the concave portion 16 abuts against the shell surface 30 adjacent to the concave portion 16 directly or an intermediate plate is provided between the concave portion 16 and the shell surface 30 so as to abut against the shell surface 30 through the intermediate plate.
As shown in fig. 7, the single battery 2 is substantially a rectangular parallelepiped, the single battery 2 has a length L, a width H and a thickness D, the length L of the single battery 2 is greater than the width H, the width H of the single battery 2 is greater than the thickness D, wherein the first direction is parallel to the width direction of the single battery 2, the second direction is parallel to the length direction of the single battery 2, and the third direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the single battery 2.
It should be noted that, the single battery 2 is substantially rectangular, and it is understood that the single battery 2 may have a rectangular parallelepiped shape, or a shape that is partially irregular, but substantially rectangular parallelepiped; or, the whole body is approximately cuboid, and the part of the body is provided with notches, bulges, chamfers, radians and bends.
The outer shell surface 30 is a surface of the single battery 2 having the largest area, i.e., one of two surfaces of the single battery 2 facing each other in parallel in the thickness direction thereof. In other words, the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 are two surfaces of the unit battery 2 opposed in parallel in the thickness direction thereof.
In another embodiment, the first direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the unit battery 2, and the second direction is parallel to the length direction of the unit battery 2. That is, the unit cells 2 in the cell array 40 are arranged in the thickness direction of the unit cells 2, and the outer peripheral surface 30 of the unit cell 2 is one of two surfaces of the unit cell 2 facing in parallel in the width direction thereof.
In one embodiment, the size of the single battery 2 along the first direction is M, the size of the single battery 2 along the second direction is N, and N is greater than M. The size of the single battery 2 along the first direction is the width of the single battery 2, and the size of the single battery 2 along the second direction is the length of the single battery 2.
In the present application, the heat dissipation air duct 3 extends along the first direction, and the air flows from one side of the battery array 40 to the other side along the first direction in the heat dissipation air duct 3, that is, the cooling air flows from one side of each battery cell 2 to the other side along the first direction. Since the size of the unit batteries 2 in the first direction is smaller than the size in the second direction, that is, the distance between both sides of the unit batteries 2 in the first direction is smaller than the distance between both sides in the second direction, the flow path of the cooling wind flowing from one side to the other side of each unit battery 2 is relatively short. For one single battery 2, when the cooling air flows in the heat dissipation air duct 3, the heat generated by the single battery 2 is taken away, so that the temperature of the cooling air flowing in the heat dissipation air duct 3 for a certain distance is higher than the temperature of the cooling air initially entering the heat dissipation air duct 3, and then the temperature difference between the part of the single battery 2, which is firstly contacted with the cooling air, and the part of the single battery 2, which is finally contacted with the cooling air, is larger, so that the heat dissipation of the single battery 2 is unbalanced. And the design of the heat dissipation air duct 3 in the application makes the path of the cooling air flowing in the heat dissipation air duct 3 relatively short, so that the temperature difference between the part of each single battery 2 which is firstly contacted with the cooling air and the part of each single battery which is finally contacted with the cooling air is relatively small, thereby realizing the balanced heat dissipation of each single battery 2 and being beneficial to improving the service life of each single battery 2.
In one embodiment, the size of the single battery 2 along the second direction is N, and N is greater than or equal to 400mm and less than or equal to 2500mm. Namely, the length of the single battery 2 is more than or equal to 400mm and less than or equal to 2500mm. The single battery 2 with larger length can play the role of a reinforcing beam in the bag body 1, so that the reinforcing beam does not need to be additionally arranged in the bag body 1, the structure of the bag body 1 can be greatly simplified, and the space utilization rate of the battery pack 10 can be improved. Moreover, the single batteries 2 are directly arranged and arranged in the bag body 1, and the structural design omits a structural member for installing and fixing the single batteries 2, so that the weight of the whole battery bag 10 is favorably reduced, the assembly process is simplified, and the production cost is favorably reduced. In addition, for the single battery 2 with a large length and a large size, if the heat dissipation air duct 3 extends along the second direction, the cooling air flows from one side to the other side of the single battery 2 along the second direction in the heat dissipation air duct 3, so that the temperature difference between the part of the single battery 2 which is firstly contacted with the cooling air and the part which is finally contacted with the cooling air is larger, the degree of the imbalance of the heat dissipation of the single battery 2 is more serious, and the potential safety hazard is more likely to occur. And heat dissipation wind channel 3 extends along first direction in this application, and the cooling air is relatively shorter along the flow path that first direction flows to the opposite side from one side of battery cell 2 in heat dissipation wind channel 3, and the temperature difference between the part that contacts with the cooling air at first and the part that contacts with the cooling air at last of battery cell 2 is less relatively like this to can realize battery cell 2's balanced heat dissipation, be favorable to improving battery cell 2's life.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the single battery 2 extends from one side of the bag body 1 to the other side along the second direction. With this arrangement, the space utilization rate inside the battery pack 10 can be improved.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 to 6, an air inlet 13 and an air outlet 14 are disposed on two sides of the bag body 1 along the first direction, and the air inlet 13 and the air outlet 14 communicate the heat dissipation air duct 3 with the outside.
Furthermore, a converging cavity 5 is arranged in the bag body 1, and the air inlet 13 and the air outlet 14 are communicated with the heat dissipation air duct 3 through the converging cavity 5. That is, the converging cavity 5 is communicated between the air inlet 13 and the inlet of the heat dissipation air duct 3, and between the outlet of the heat dissipation air duct 3 and the air outlet 14. Therefore, cooling air can enter the confluence cavity 5 from the air inlet 13, then is shunted to each heat dissipation air channel 3 from the confluence cavity 5, finally converges to the confluence cavity 5 and then flows to the outside through the air outlet 14, so that the consistency of the air inlet volume and the air outlet volume in each heat dissipation air channel 3 can be ensured, and the heat dissipation balance of the single batteries 2 can be improved.
As shown in fig. 2 to 6, the battery pack 10 further includes a partition plate 4, the two cover bodies 20 are connected to form an accommodating cavity 6, the battery array 40 is disposed in the accommodating cavity 6, openings are formed at two ends of the accommodating cavity 6 along the second direction, and the partition plate 4 is connected to the two cover bodies 20 to close the openings.
Specifically, the first cover 11 and the second cover 12 are connected to form the accommodating chamber 6. The partition plate 4 is connected to the first cover 11 and the second cover 12 to close the openings of the two ends of the accommodating chamber 6 in the second direction. Gaps are reserved among the single batteries 2, the first cover body 11, the second cover body 12 and the partition plate 4 which are positioned at two ends in the second direction to form a confluence cavity 5.
It should be noted that the first cover 11 and the second cover 12 may be separately formed and then directly or indirectly connected to each other. Of course, the first cover 11 and the second cover 12 may be integrally formed. In addition, the partition plate 4 may close the opening by directly or intermittently connecting the partition plate 4 with the first cover 11 and the second cover 12, for example, the partition plate 4 is in interference fit with the first cover 11 and the second cover 12. Alternatively, a seal member is provided between the separator 4 and the first cover 11 and between the separator 4 and the second cover 12. Alternatively, the separator 4 is bonded to the first cover 11 and the second cover 12. Of course, the partition plate 4 may be integrally formed with the first cover 11 and the second cover 12.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, each of the first cover 11 and the second cover 12 includes a main body 17 and a connecting portion 18, and the connecting portion 18 is disposed on two sides of the main body 17 along the first direction. The body 17 of the first cover 11 and the first surface 21 adjacent to the body 17 form a heat dissipation air duct 3 therebetween, and the body 17 of the second cover 12 and the second surface 22 adjacent to the body 17 form a heat dissipation air duct 3 therebetween.
The first cover 11 and the second cover 12 may have the same or different structures.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 to 5, a plurality of protruding portions 15 are disposed on each of the first body 17 and the second body 17, the protruding portions 15 protrude in a direction away from the battery array 40 and extend in the first direction, and a recessed portion 16 is disposed between two adjacent protruding portions 15.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 to 5, each of the first cover 11 and the second cover 12 further includes a fixing portion 19, the connecting portion 18 is connected between the fixing portion 19 and the main body 17, the connecting portion 18 of the first cover 11 is inclined toward the main body 17 of the first cover 11 in a direction close to the second cover 12 and away from the battery array 40, the connecting portion 18 of the second cover 12 is inclined from the main body 17 of the second cover 12 in a direction close to the first cover 11 and away from the battery array 40, and the fixing portion 19 of the first cover 11 is connected with the fixing portion 19 of the second cover 12 to fix the battery array 40 in the pack 1.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 to 5, the battery pack 10 further includes a side plate 7, the side plate 7 is disposed on a side of the partition plate 4 away from the battery array 40 to form a sealed accommodating cavity 8 together with the partition plate 4, the single battery 2 is provided with an electrode terminal 23 for drawing current, the partition plate 4 is provided with a through hole 41, and the electrode terminal 23 penetrates through the through hole 41 and is accommodated in the accommodating cavity 8. This prevents water or other liquid from contacting the electrode terminals 23 to cause short-circuiting of the unit cells 2.
In the present embodiment, the first end and the second end of the unit cell 2 in the second direction are each provided with an electrode terminal 23, wherein one electrode terminal 23 is a positive electrode terminal, and the other electrode terminal 23 is a negative electrode terminal. Of course, in other embodiments, the first end or the second end of the unit cell 2 is provided with the electrode terminal 23, that is, the first end of the unit cell 2 is provided with the positive terminal and the negative terminal, or the second end of the unit cell 2 is provided with the positive terminal and the negative terminal.
The partition plate 4 and the side plate 7 may be connected by providing a seal between the partition plate 4 and the side plate 7. Alternatively, the partition 4 and the side plate 7 are sealed by gluing.
Further, a sealing member is disposed between the electrode terminal 23 and the wall of the through hole 41, so as to better realize the insulation and sealing of the electrode terminal 23 from the outside.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the battery array 40 has a plurality of layers, and two adjacent layers of the battery array 40 are connected by an adhesive 9. The two adjacent layers of the battery arrays 40 can be connected into a whole through the adhesive 9, thereby being beneficial to improving the overall strength of the battery pack 10.
In the present embodiment, the battery array 40 is provided with two layers. Of course, the number of the battery arrays 40 can be set according to actual needs, for example, three or four.
In one embodiment, the first cover 11 is an integral structure. The first cover 11 is made of a metal member, such as a thin steel plate, and is formed by press molding. Of course, the first cover 11 may also be made of a plastic material with certain strength. The first cover 11 may be formed by welding the main body 17, the connecting portion 18, and the fixing portion 19 to each other.
In one embodiment, the second cover 12 is an integral structure. The second cover 12 is made of a metal member, such as a thin steel plate, and is formed by press molding. Of course, the second cover 12 can also be made of a plastic material with certain strength. The second lid 12 may be formed by welding the main body 17, the connecting portion 18, and the fixing portion 19 to each other.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the air inlets 13 and the air outlets 14 are respectively provided in plural numbers, and the plural air inlets 13 and the plural air outlets 14 are provided at two sides of the first cover 11 along the first direction. Of course, the plurality of air inlets 13 and the plurality of air outlets 14 may also be disposed on two sides of the second cover 12 along the first direction.
It should be noted that the number of the air inlets 13 and the air outlets 14 may be set according to actual needs, for example, five or six. In addition, the number of the air inlets 13 and the air outlets 14 may be the same or different.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides an electric vehicle, which includes the battery pack 10. The battery pack 10 has a high space utilization rate and a high weight energy density, and is favorable for realizing the light weight design of the electric vehicle. Moreover, the single batteries 2 in the battery pack 10 can realize balanced heat dissipation, which is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the single batteries 2.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the second feature or the first and second features may be indirectly contacting each other through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under," "beneath," and "under" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. A battery pack, comprising: the bag body comprises two cover bodies oppositely arranged along a third direction; at least one layer of battery array is arranged in the package body along the third direction, and the battery array is positioned between the two cover bodies; the battery array comprises a plurality of single batteries arranged along a first direction, and the single batteries extend along a second direction; the single battery comprises two outer shell surfaces which are oppositely arranged in the third direction, at least one heat dissipation air channel is formed between the cover body and the outer shell surface adjacent to the cover body, the heat dissipation air channel extends in the first direction and is communicated with the outside, so that cooling air flows from one side of the battery array to the other side in the first direction, the heat dissipation air channels are arranged in a plurality of, and arranged in sequence in the second direction, at least one of the cover body is provided with a plurality of protruding parts, a concave part is formed between every two adjacent protruding parts, the heat dissipation air channel is formed between the protruding parts and the outer shell surface adjacent to the protruding parts, the concave part is abutted against the outer shell surface adjacent to the concave part, the outer shell surface is the surface with the largest area in the single battery, the size of the single battery in the second direction is N, and N is not less than 400mm and not more than 2500mm.
2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein one of the two covers is a first cover, and the other of the two covers is a second cover; one of the two outer shell surfaces is a first surface, and the other of the two outer shell surfaces is a second surface; the first surface is disposed toward the first cover, and the second surface is disposed toward the second cover; the heat dissipation air duct is formed between the first cover body and the first surface adjacent to the first cover body.
3. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein one of the two cover bodies is a first cover body, and the other of the two cover bodies is a second cover body; one of the two outer shell surfaces is a first surface, and the other of the two outer shell surfaces is a second surface; the first surface is disposed toward the first cover, and the second surface is disposed toward the second cover; the second cover body and the second surface adjacent to the second cover body form the heat dissipation air duct.
4. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein one of the two cover bodies is a first cover body, and the other of the two cover bodies is a second cover body; one of the two housing surfaces is a first surface and the other of the two housing surfaces is a second surface; the first surface is disposed toward the first cover, and the second surface is disposed toward the second cover; the heat dissipation air duct is formed between the first cover body and a first surface adjacent to the first cover body, and the heat dissipation air duct is formed between the second cover body and a second surface adjacent to the second cover body.
5. The battery pack according to claim 2 or 4, wherein a gap is left between the first cover and the first surface of each of the unit cells adjacent to the first cover, and the gaps are communicated with each other to form the heat dissipation air duct.
6. The battery pack according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a gap is left between the second cover body and the second surface of each of the unit cells adjacent to the second cover body, and the gaps are communicated with each other to form the heat dissipation air duct.
7. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein an air inlet and an air outlet are formed in two sides of the pack body along the first direction, and the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated with the heat dissipation air duct and the outside.
8. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein a manifold chamber is disposed in the pack body, and the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated with the heat dissipation air duct through the manifold chamber.
9. The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a partition plate, wherein the two cover bodies are connected to form a receiving cavity, the battery array is disposed in the receiving cavity, the receiving cavity has openings at two ends along the second direction, and the partition plate is connected to the two cover bodies to close the openings.
10. The battery pack according to claim 9, further comprising a side plate disposed on a side of the partition plate away from the battery array to form a sealed accommodating cavity together with the partition plate, wherein the single battery cell is provided with an electrode terminal for drawing current, the partition plate is provided with a through hole, and the electrode terminal penetrates through the through hole and is accommodated in the accommodating cavity.
11. The battery pack according to claim 10, wherein a seal member is provided between the electrode terminal and the wall of the through-hole.
12. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the battery array has a plurality of layers, and adjacent two layers of the battery arrays are connected by an adhesive member.
13. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the cells are substantially cuboids, the cells have a length L, a width H, and a thickness D, the length L of the cells is greater than the width H, the width H of the cells is greater than the thickness D, wherein the first direction is parallel to the width direction of the cells, the second direction is parallel to the length direction of the cells, and the third direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the cells.
14. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the cell has a dimension M in the first direction, the cell has a dimension N in the second direction, and N is greater than M.
15. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the cells extend from one side of the inclusion to the other side in a second direction.
16. An electric vehicle comprising the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
CN201911236359.8A 2019-12-05 2019-12-05 Battery pack and electric vehicle Active CN113036256B (en)

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JP2023541743A (en) * 2021-07-30 2023-10-04 寧徳時代新能源科技股▲分▼有限公司 Batteries, power consumption devices, battery manufacturing methods, and battery manufacturing equipment

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EP2437329A1 (en) * 2010-09-30 2012-04-04 Lithium Energy Japan Battery pack and electrically powered vehicle including the battery pack
CN107210401A (en) * 2015-01-23 2017-09-26 日立化成株式会社 Electricity accumulating unit
CN108878692A (en) * 2018-06-15 2018-11-23 华为技术有限公司 Battery pack and communication apparatus
CN110165118A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-08-23 比亚迪股份有限公司 Battery pack, vehicle and energy storage device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1712259A (en) * 2004-06-23 2005-12-28 丰田自动车株式会社 Power supply unit compactly accommodating components and having uniform battery characteristic
EP2437329A1 (en) * 2010-09-30 2012-04-04 Lithium Energy Japan Battery pack and electrically powered vehicle including the battery pack
CN107210401A (en) * 2015-01-23 2017-09-26 日立化成株式会社 Electricity accumulating unit
CN108878692A (en) * 2018-06-15 2018-11-23 华为技术有限公司 Battery pack and communication apparatus
CN110165118A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-08-23 比亚迪股份有限公司 Battery pack, vehicle and energy storage device

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