CN113033958A - Method for evaluating risk index of macular cigarette in each process of shred manufacturing and processing - Google Patents
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- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 206010034754 petechiae Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating a risk index of yellow spot cigarettes in each process of tobacco shred processing, which belongs to the field of tobacco processing quality control. The evaluation method can also be used for design reference of the silk making process flow, so that the production of the yellow spot cigarette is prevented from the process flow design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tobacco processing quality control, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating a risk index of macular cigarette in each process of tobacco shred processing.
Background
In the production process of the yellow spot cigarette, cigarettes on the surfaces of the cigarettes are polluted to generate speckles due to certain defects in the production process and processing and manufacturing. According to the production condition of the yellow spot cigarette, research and check, and according to the different performance characteristics of the yellow spots of the cigarette, the yellow spot cigarette can be divided into four categories of oil spot cigarette, water spot cigarette, essence spot cigarette and material spot cigarette. Wherein the oily speckle is caused by the pollution of oily substances such as equipment lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, sesame oil for lubricating the walls of the redrying and packaging barrels and the like; the water spot cigarette is a spot trace generated by soaking liquid water on cigarette paper; the essence spot tobacco is generated by essence dipping ash or essence dropping cut tobacco and stem; the material stain cigarette is water stain cigarette and material stain cigarette produced in the links of silk making, moisture regaining, feeding, HT and the like; after the tobacco semi-finished product with the quality hidden trouble is made into tobacco shreds to roll cigarettes, the tobacco shreds are slowly dipped and printed on cigarette paper to cause yellow spot cigarettes. The yellow spot cigarette has complex constitution reasons, and all processes influence each other, and relevant process technical personnel and maintenance personnel can not judge the influence of each process on the whole of the silk making processing procedure when process adjustment and equipment transformation, and can not prevent the production of the yellow spot cigarette from the design flow.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for evaluating the risk index of the macular cigarette in each process of tobacco shred processing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for evaluating the risk index of macular cigarette in each procedure of silk making processing comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting the number of yellow spot tobacco branches and the area of yellow spot spots generated by each procedure and equipment of a shred making process;
step 2: assigning a single-process or equipment risk factor index according to the obtained number of the macular cigarette smoke and the macular spot area in the step 1;
and step 3: calculating a leaf shred factor macular cigarette risk index delta, a stem shred factor macular cigarette risk index gamma and a tobacco shred storage link macular cigarette risk index xi according to the single procedure and the equipment risk factor index obtained in the step 2;
and 4, step 4: calculating a tobacco shred processing flow yellow spot cigarette risk index £ through the tobacco shred factor yellow spot cigarette risk index delta, the stem shred factor yellow spot cigarette risk index gamma and the tobacco shred storage link yellow spot cigarette risk index xi obtained in the step 3, wherein the tobacco shred processing flow yellow spot cigarette risk index £ is ═ (the tobacco shred factor yellow spot cigarette risk index delta + the stem shred factor yellow spot cigarette risk index gamma) ×) and the tobacco shred storage link yellow spot cigarette risk index xi;
and 5: and (3) carrying out macular cigarette risk assessment on the whole silk making processing technology by utilizing the macular cigarette risk index of the silk making process flow obtained in the step (4): when the risk index of the macular cigarette in the silk making process flow is less than 40, the risk of the macular cigarette is low, and the risk level is I level; when the risk index of the macular cigarette is less than or equal to 40 and less than or equal to 70 in the silk making process flow, the risk of the macular cigarette is moderate, and the risk level is level II; when the risk index of the macular cigarette in the silk making process flow is larger than 70, the risk of the macular cigarette is high, and the risk level is III level.
Further, step 2, the cut tobacco factor macular cigarette risk index delta in step 3 is influenced by loosening and remoistening, leaf feeding, primary leaf storage, secondary leaf storage, leaf shred temperature increase and humidification, leaf shred drying, leaf shred cooling, leaf shred storage and leaf shred perfuming factors, and the cut tobacco factor macular cigarette risk index delta { [ (P loosening and remoistening + P leaf feeding) } (1+ P primary leaf storage) } (1+ P secondary leaf storage) + P leaf shred temperature increase and humidification ] (1+ P leaf shred drying) } (1+ P leaf shred cooling) } (1+ leaf shred storage) + P leaf shred perfuming }, leaf shred addition proportion; the stem shred factor macular cigarette risk index gamma is influenced by stem shred feeding, stem shred expansion and stem shred perfuming factors, and the stem shred factor macular cigarette risk index gamma is equal to (P stem shred feeding, P stem shred expansion and P stem shred perfuming) stem shred adding proportion; the yellow spot cigarette risk index xi in the tobacco shred storage link is influenced by tobacco shred storage factors, and the yellow spot cigarette risk index xi in the tobacco shred storage link is stored in 1+ P tobacco shreds.
Further, the cigarette paper impression detection method for detecting the macular speckle area in step 1 comprises the following steps: a cigarette paper roller is arranged above the material at the discharge port, the cigarette paper roller rolls along with the advance of the material, yellow spots of the material are impressed on the surface of the cigarette paper roller, the detection time is 10 minutes each time, the detection is performed for 1 time every 15 minutes, the detection is performed for 3 times in each batch, the cigarette paper roller after being stored for 1 day is scanned under the unified condition, then the area of the yellow spot is calculated by image processing software, and the area is expressed by the number of pixel points.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: and (3) assigning the risk factor indexes of the single process or the equipment through the number of the yellow spot tobacco branches and the area of the yellow spot detected by the cigarette paper impression, substituting the risk factor indexes of each process into a yellow spot tobacco risk index calculation formula of the silk making technological process, and evaluating the risk of the yellow spot tobacco of the whole silk making process. The method solves the problem of comprehensive evaluation of cigarette yellow spot risks of the cigarette processing technology and equipment by the existing cigarette processing enterprises, provides a more real and objective test and evaluation method for technological optimization, equipment selection and parameter setting in the cigarette processing production process, and the simulation result accords with the actual situation, thereby facilitating the optimization of the cigarette processing technology, the investigation and the prevention and control of yellow spot cigarette risks and the formulation of cigarette quality indexes by technological technicians and maintenance personnel. The evaluation method can also be used for design reference of the silk making process flow, so that the production of the yellow spot cigarette is prevented from the process flow design.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process for evaluating risk index of macular smoke during a shredding process;
FIG. 2 is a frame diagram of a macular smoke risk assessment system of a single process and a whole flow of a silk-making process.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding of the skilled person.
Step 1: the number of cigarette branches of the macular cigarette and the area of the macular macula spots generated by the process and the equipment of the tobacco shred preparation are collected.
In a specific embodiment, the number of cigarette smoke and the area of macular spots in two different processes of heating the tube wall and heating without the tube wall in the loosening and moisture regaining process are detected. The specific detection method comprises the following steps of installing a cigarette paper roller above a discharge port in a loosening and moisture regaining process, enabling the cigarette paper roller to roll along with the advance of materials, enabling yellow spots of the materials to be printed on the surface of the cigarette paper roller, enabling the detection time to be 10 minutes each time, enabling the detection time to be 1 time every 15 minutes, enabling the detection time to be 3 times in each batch, scanning the cigarette paper roller stored for 1 day under a unified condition, and then calculating the area of the yellow spots by using Image processing software, wherein the area of the yellow spots is calculated by adopting Image J Image processing software in the embodiment, the area is expressed by the number of pixel points, and the detection.
Table 1: cigarette paper impression detection result table of loose moisture regain process
The method comprises the steps of receiving and taking 500kg of tobacco leaves in the same batch by 10 times, transferring the tobacco leaves into a leaf storage cabinet without a charging and HT link and a local winnowing link, covering and storing the tobacco leaves for 4 hours, directly shredding and drying the tobacco leaves, adding fragrance without blending cut stems, receiving 50kg of tobacco shreds from the tobacco shreds, storing the tobacco shreds for 4 hours, manually conveying the tobacco shreds to a cigarette making machine to roll cigarettes, taking out about 5 ten thousand cigarettes, storing the cigarettes for 3 days in a standard environment, and manually sorting the yellow spot cigarettes, wherein the detection results are shown in table 2.
| Item | With heating of the vessel wall | Without heating of the cylinder wall |
| Oily spot cigarette (/ ten thousand) | 0 | 0 |
| Cigarette with incense and petechia (/ ten thousand) | 2.07 | 1.69 |
| Tobacco with spots (ten thousand) | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Tobacco with water spot (/ ten thousand) | 4.90 | 9.53 |
| Cigarette paper spot lighting (/ ten thousand) | 0.00 | 0.17 |
| Quantity of water-soaked tobacco (g/100kg tobacco) | 46.36 | 89.11 |
| Macular spot area (pixel) | 3800 | 7956 |
| Yellow spot cigarette number summary (/ ten thousand) | 4.90 | 9.53 |
Table 2: statistical table for number of yellow spot tobacco branches in loosening and moisture regaining process
And detecting the number of the yellow spot tobacco branches and the area of the yellow spot spots stored in the blade cabinet at different times. The specific detection method comprises the following steps of randomly selecting production batches, feeding 8 tons in a whole batch into a cabinet, discharging 2 tons from the cabinet every 4 hours, discharging the production batches into the cabinet in 4 sub-batches, respectively preparing shreds in each sub-batch, HT expanding, drying, winnowing on site, blending cut stems, perfuming, and storing and rolling finished cut tobacco for 4 hours. And taking the leaves of each sub-batch out of the cabinet, carrying out impression detection on the cigarette paper for 10 minutes, and simultaneously taking 100kg of tobacco leaves, and screening and counting the quantity of the water spot tobacco and the material spot tobacco. The number of the yellow spot cigarettes is sorted after about 5 million rolled cigarettes are stored for 3 days, and the detection result is shown in table 3.
Table 3: vane cabinet storage time macular cigarette smoke condition statistical table
Step 2: and (3) assigning a single-process or equipment risk factor index according to the obtained number of the macular cigarette smoke and the macular spot area in the step (1).
In a specific embodiment, the loose moisture regain procedure risk factor index is assigned according to the number of loose moisture regain macular cigarette smoke and the macular speckle area obtained in the step 1, and the assignment result is shown in table 4.
| Item | With heating of the vessel wall | Without heating of the cylinder wall |
| Macular spot area (pixel) | 3800 | 7956 |
| Summary of tobacco quantity of yellow spot produced by loose moisture regain | 4.90 | 9.53 |
| Macular cigarette count/spot area (count/pixel) | 0.129％ | 0.120％ |
| Macular risk factor index of loosening and moisture regaining process | 5 | 10 |
Table 4: loose moisture regain technology yellow spot tobacco risk factor assigned table
Loose moisture regain technology does not influence whole system silk process for the single process, and macula lutea cigarette risk factor assignment is fixed constant, and macula lutea risk factor index receives the spot area influence, and when macula lutea cigarette count/spot area is less than or equal to 0.5%, a cigarette macula lutea situation is not serious, and risk factor index equals macula lutea cigarette quantity, and when macula lutea cigarette count/spot area > 0.5%, a cigarette macula lutea situation is serious, and risk factor index equals macula lutea cigarette quantity + 1.
And (3) assigning the risk factor index of the storage time of the blade cabinet according to the number of the macular cigarette smoke and the macular spot area of the storage time of the blade cabinet obtained in the step (1), wherein the assignment result is shown in a table 5.
Table 5: vane cabinet storage time yellow spot smoke risk factor value assigning table
The blade cabinet stores up time and influences whole system silk manufacturing process, macula lutea cigarette risk factor is the percentage, positive number is for increasing macula lutea cigarette risk, the negative number is for reducing macula lutea cigarette risk, macula lutea risk factor index receives the spot area influence, when macula lutea cigarette count/spot area is less than or equal to 0.5%, a cigarette macula lutea situation is not serious, risk factor index equals macula lutea cigarette and props up change proportion, when macula lutea cigarette count/spot area > 0.5%, a cigarette macula lutea situation is serious, risk factor index equals macula lutea cigarette and props up change proportion + 1%.
And (3) repeating the step (1) and the step (2) to obtain a single-process or equipment macular smoke risk factor index assignment general table, wherein assignment results are shown in a table 6.
Table 6: single-process or equipment macular cigarette risk factor index assignment summary table
And step 3: and (3) calculating a leaf shred factor macular cigarette risk index delta, a stem shred factor macular cigarette risk index gamma and a tobacco shred storage link macular cigarette risk index xi through the single process and the equipment risk factor index obtained in the step (2).
In a specific embodiment, a tobacco shred factor macular cigarette risk index delta is influenced by loosening and remoistening, leaf feeding, primary leaf storage, secondary leaf storage, leaf shred warming and humidifying, leaf shred drying, leaf shred cooling, leaf shred storage and leaf shred perfuming factors, carding is carried out according to a leaf shred processing procedure, classification is carried out according to the macular cigarette risk correlation influence, and the leaf shred factor macular cigarette risk index delta is { [ (P loosening and remoistening + P leaf feeding) (1+ P primary leaf storage) } (1+ P secondary leaf storage) + P leaf shred warming and humidifying ] (1+ P leaf shred drying) } (1+ P leaf shred cooling) ((1 + leaf shred storage) + P leaf shred perfuming }) leaf shred adding proportion; the stem shred factor macular cigarette risk index gamma is influenced by stem shred feeding, stem shred expansion and stem shred flavoring factors, is carded according to a stem shred processing procedure, and is classified according to the risk correlation influence of the macular cigarette, wherein the stem shred factor macular cigarette risk index gamma is (P stem shred feeding, P stem shred expansion and P stem shred flavoring) stem shred adding proportion; the yellow spot cigarette risk index xi in the tobacco shred storage link is influenced by tobacco shred storage factors, and the yellow spot cigarette risk index xi in the tobacco shred storage link is stored in 1+ P tobacco shreds.
And 4, step 4: and (3) calculating a tobacco shred processing flow macular smoke risk index £ through the leaf shred factor macular smoke risk index delta, the stem shred factor macular smoke risk index gamma and the tobacco shred storage link macular smoke risk index xi obtained in the step (3), wherein the tobacco shred processing flow macular smoke risk index £ (leaf shred factor macular smoke risk index delta + stem shred factor macular smoke risk index gamma) and the tobacco shred storage link macular smoke risk index xi.
In the specific embodiment, 5 sub-factory tobacco-making process conditions of a certain tobacco group are substituted into the formula in the step 4 to obtain a yellow spot smoke risk analysis table of each factory tobacco-making production line, and the table is 7.
Table 7: yellow spot smoke risk analysis table for various factory-made silk production lines
And 5: and 4, carrying out macular cigarette risk assessment on the whole silk making processing technology by utilizing the macular cigarette risk index of the silk making technological process obtained in the step 4.
Table 8: macular cigarette risk index rating scale
In a specific embodiment, the macular cigarette risk index £ obtained according to each factory-silk-making process flow obtained in the step 4 is accumulated in combination with long-term historical data in the production process, wherein the average number of 1 factory-silk macular cigarettes is 27/5 ten thousand, the macular cigarette risk index £ 80.54 is rated as grade III, the macular cigarette risk is high, the number of 2-5 factory-silk macular cigarettes is 14-16/5 ten thousand, the macular cigarette risk index £ 31-35 is rated as grade I, the macular cigarette risk is low, silk-making line production technical transformation is completed in combination with 2-5 factories, the actual situation is met, and the overall situation of the silk-making process flow meets the silk-making line process flow macular cigarette risk evaluation standard. The method solves the problem of comprehensive evaluation of cigarette yellow spot risks of the cigarette processing technology and equipment by the existing cigarette processing enterprises, provides a more real and objective test and evaluation method for technological optimization, equipment selection and parameter setting in the cigarette processing production process, ensures that the evaluation result conforms to the actual situation, and is convenient for technological technicians and maintenance personnel to optimize the cigarette processing technology, investigate and control the yellow spot risk and formulate cigarette quality indexes. The evaluation method can also be used for design reference of the silk making process flow, so that the production of the yellow spot cigarette is prevented from the process flow design.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for evaluating the risk index of macular cigarette in each procedure of shred processing is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting the number of yellow spot tobacco branches and the area of yellow spot spots generated by each procedure and equipment of a shred making process;
step 2: assigning a single-process or equipment risk factor index according to the obtained number of the yellow spot tobacco branches and the yellow spot area in the step 1 to obtain a yellow spot tobacco risk factor index assignment summary table;
and step 3: calculating a leaf shred factor macular cigarette risk index delta, a stem shred factor macular cigarette risk index gamma and a tobacco shred storage link macular cigarette risk index xi according to the single procedure and the equipment risk factor index obtained in the step 2;
and 4, step 4: calculating the shredded tobacco manufacturing process flow yellow spot tobacco risk index which is less than the shredded tobacco manufacturing process flow yellow spot tobacco risk index through the shredded tobacco factor yellow spot tobacco risk index delta, the cut stem factor yellow spot tobacco risk index gamma and the cut tobacco storage link yellow spot tobacco risk index xi obtained in the step 3, wherein the shredded tobacco manufacturing process flow yellow spot tobacco risk index is less than = (the shredded tobacco factor yellow spot tobacco risk index delta + the cut stem factor yellow spot tobacco risk index gamma) and the cut tobacco storage link yellow spot tobacco risk index xi;
and 5: and (4) carrying out macular cigarette risk assessment on the whole shred processing process by utilizing the macular cigarette risk index of the shred processing process flow obtained in the step (4):
when the risk index of the yellow spot smoke in the process flow of the tobacco shred manufacturing is less than 40, the risk of the yellow spot smoke is low, and the risk level is I level;
when the risk index of the macular cigarette is less than or equal to 70 in the process flow of shred manufacturing by more than or equal to 40, the risk of the macular cigarette is moderate, and the risk level is level II; and when the macular cigarette risk index of the shred manufacturing process flow is less than or greater than 70, the risk of the macular cigarette is high, and the risk level is level III.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the risk index of macular smoke in each step of the shred processing is: 3, the tobacco shred factor macular cigarette risk index delta is influenced by loosening and remoistening, leaf feeding, primary leaf storage, secondary leaf storage, leaf shred warming and humidifying, leaf shred drying, leaf shred cooling, leaf shred storage and leaf shred perfuming factors, and the tobacco shred factor macular cigarette risk index delta = { [ (P loosening and remoistening + P leaf feeding) } (1+ P primary leaf storage) } (1+ P secondary leaf storage) + P leaf shred warming and humidifying ] (1+ P leaf shred drying) } (1+ P leaf shred cooling) } (1+ leaf shred storage) + P leaf shred perfuming } }leafshred adding proportion; the stem shred factor macular tobacco risk index gamma is influenced by stem shred feeding, stem shred expansion and stem shred flavoring factors, and the stem shred factor macular tobacco risk index gamma = (P stem shred feeding, P stem shred expansion and P stem shred flavoring) = stem shred adding proportion; the yellow spot cigarette risk index xi in the tobacco shred storage link is influenced by tobacco shred storage factors, and the yellow spot cigarette risk index xi =1+ P tobacco shred storage in the tobacco shred storage link.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the risk index of macular smoke in each step of the shred processing is: the macular spot area detection method in the step 1 comprises the following steps: a cigarette paper roller is arranged above the material at the discharge port, the cigarette paper roller rolls along with the advance of the material, yellow spots of the material are impressed on the surface of the cigarette paper roller, the detection time is 10 minutes each time, the detection is performed for 1 time every 15 minutes, the detection is performed for 3 times in each batch, the cigarette paper roller after being stored for 1 day is scanned under the unified condition, then the area of the yellow spot is calculated by image processing software, and the area is expressed by the number of pixel points.
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