CN1130319C - Production method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer - Google Patents
Production method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1130319C CN1130319C CN 99113468 CN99113468A CN1130319C CN 1130319 C CN1130319 C CN 1130319C CN 99113468 CN99113468 CN 99113468 CN 99113468 A CN99113468 A CN 99113468A CN 1130319 C CN1130319 C CN 1130319C
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- urea
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- repone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing granular nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizers. Semi-finished products or solid urea synthesized in a urea plant is heated to a melting solution mixed with heated potassium chloride, and melting slurry is dispersed into small drops by a vibrational granulating device. Because of gravity, the small drops fall into an oil cooling slot, and are cooled and solidified. After the small drops and the oil cooling slot are separated, the products are obtained. In the method, secondary and trace elements or compound fertilizers containing secondary and trace elements, which are made of plastic, or color compound fertilizers are added. The granulating technology of large granules of urea, and the granulating technology of potassium chloride are combined together by using the method. Thus, the method has the advantages of simplified production process, high granulating rate, good operating environment, no waste water, waste gas and waste slag, and low investment and operating cost, and the granular nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizers can be used as base fertilizers of blended fertilizers, or can be directly fertilized.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer, particularly relate to the manufacture method of the granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer of a kind of fusion oil cooling granulation.
Composite fertilizer is the inexorable trend of chemical fertilizer industrial development in modern age, has accounted for 70～80% of total fertilizer application amount in the country of chemical fertilizer industry prosperity.Blended fertilizer is an importance of composite fertilizer development, characteristics such as it has, and production technique is simple, flexible operation, production cost is low and penetration and promotion is easy.In addition, it can also prevent the Physical Loss or Damage of fertilizer effectively, the labor force aspect saving is prepared, transported, uses at fertilizer, and therefore, developed countries uses blended fertilizer quite general.1996,40.1% of 58.5% and whole fertilizer in whole composite fertilizers that the U.S. sells all were blended fertilizers.China's blended fertilizer still is in the starting stage at present.
Blended fertilizer to one of the basic demand of its " material fertilizer " is: the base fertilizer that needs blending is particulate state all, and granular size requires basically identical.The fertilizer that needs blending can be single fertilizer or compound manure, also can be certain combination of two kinds of fertilizer." material fertilizer " of the most general blended fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, double superhosphate, Repone K, ammonium nitrate, urea and ammonium sulfate etc.Urea and Repone K are the main nitrogenous fertilizer and the potash fertilizer of blended fertilizer.Usually urea product is a pellet, and the Repone K product is powdery or xln.Two kinds of fertilizer need separately through producing granular urea as improving urea production process as " material fertilizer " of blended fertilizer after the special processing, and Repone K becomes oblate particle or random platy shaped particle by extruder grain.However, the granular mass of urea and Repone K product still is difficult to reach the desirable requirement of blended fertilizer, has influenced the quality of blended fertilizer and applies.
In prior art, " chemical fertilizer handbook (China Translation and Publishing Corporation, 1984, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization compiled) report, nineteen sixty-eight U.S. TVA (TVA) proved the oil immersion prilling tower comminution granulation (Oilprilling) of relevant urea-ammonium polyphosphate mixture.Enter the granulation cup of rotation after the ammonium polyphosphate melts carries out pre-mixing with urea melt in this method in a groove, the temperature of mixed slurry is about 132 ℃, the slip tear drop that comes out from the granulation cup is through cooling off and being collected in the lightweight oil, this lightweight oil cools off holding temperature at about 38 ℃ by recirculated water, fertiliser granulates is separated from oil with centrifuging, and the fertiliser granulates size is 7～12 orders.The nitrogen phosphorus potassium (N-P of fertilizer product
2O
5-K
2O) formula of nutrient has 30-30-0,36-18-0,39-13-0.
" chemical fertilizer handbook (China Translation and Publishing Corporation, 1984, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization compiles) report, the result of study of carrying out oil immersion prilling tower granulation interim test based on the composite fertilizer of urea has been reported in Mitsui shipbuilding in 1972 (Misui Toatsu).Urea melt is with monoammonium phosphate and (in some cases) Repone K and the ammonium phosphate mixing of exsiccant and preheating, the mixture slip carries out the prilling tower granulation in one " prilling granulator (prilling device) ", and be captured in the low viscosity oil, fertiliser granulates is separated from oil by centrifuging.The nitrogen phosphorus potassium (N-P of fertilizer product
2O
5-K
2O) formula of nutrient has 18.6-18.6-18.6,18-21-17,28-28-0.The temperature of control slurry mixture is about 125 ℃, about 4 minutes of mixing time in the interim test.
Above-mentioned two kinds of composite fertilizer manufacture method only limit to make nitro phosphor complex (urea ammonium phosphate) or NpK complex fertilizer (urea-monoammonium phosphate-KCl system), and " material fertilizer " that be used for blended fertilizer is subjected to certain limitation.
The manufacture method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer; this method has overcome behind the little and Repone K extruder grain of urea product particle oblate particle or platy shaped particle is used for the unfavorable defective of blended fertilizer " material fertilizer "; and fertilizer nitrogen potassium ratio can be adjusted within the specific limits, to adapt to the nutritional needs of different crops.In addition, the compound manure manufacture method of the present invention also nutrient demand of visual crop adds a certain amount of moderate-element compound or trace compound, makes the granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer that contains multi-nutrient element.The present invention also can add small amounts of pigment and make colored fertilizer in the course of processing.
The principle of the manufacture method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer of the present invention is: the characteristics that can form eutectic mixture according to urea and Repone K, different raw material fertilizer are heated to certain temperature after metering, in a mixing tank, mix, mixed slip enters a vibrating prilling device that has many apertures, mechanical vibration by the vibrating prilling device, fertilizer slurry becomes little globule by aperture, mat exciting force and gravity fall into the oil cooling groove with charge of oil in the certain altitude, bead drops in sedimentation in the oil, and cooling curing is the fertilizer small-particle, combine in the oil cooling bottom land, through promoting handling equipment the oil-containing granulated fertilizer is delivered to whizzer, with the oil on separating particles surface, promptly obtain granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer.
The present invention realizes like this.The step of manufacturing of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer of the present invention comprises:
(1) work in-process in the urea synthesis, concentration is greater than 98% urea strong solution or melt, and temperature is 135～150 ℃, and perhaps solid urea is heated to 135～150 ℃ urea melt.
(2) granularity is heated to 100～130 ℃ less than 0.5 millimeter Repone K.
(3) urea strong solution or melt were mixed 1～3 minute with Repone K after the heating, generate the melting charge slurry that contains the Repone K suspended substance, the additional proportion of urea and Repone K is 1～10: 1 (weight ratio), slurry temperature are 120～135 ℃.
(4) melting charge slurry is separated into small droplets by the vibrating prilling device, it is 25～45 ℃ oil cooling groove that small droplets mat gravity falls into oily temperature, cooling also is cured as 1～4 millimeter particle, the fertiliser granulates that falls into the oil cooling trench bottom is sent to whizzer separates overwhelming majority oil, promptly obtain the granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer of oleaginousness less than 1.5% (weight).
Cooling oil in the oil cooling groove of the present invention is a mineral oil, as mechanical wet goods.Its heat is removed by water cooling.
Though the trace element that farm crop need seldom, the quality that improves crop yield and improve crop is had certain effect.The manufacture method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer of the present invention, in urea strong solution or melt and Repone K blended while, also can add a certain amount of moderate-element compound or trace compound, in obtaining containing, the granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer of micronutrient according to the needs of crop or soil.
Moderate-element compound of the present invention is one or more the mixture in calcium cpd, magnesium compound, the sulphur compound, as calcium sulfate, and compounds such as nitrocalcite, sal epsom, potassium magnesium sulfate, sulphur; Described trace compound is one or more the mixture in the compounds such as boron compound, copper compound, iron cpd, manganic compound, molybdenum compound, zn cpds, as compounds such as copper sulfate, cupric oxide, ammonium molybdate, Sodium orthomolybdate, boric acid, borax, ferrous sulfate, chelated iron, zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, zinc chloride, manganous sulfate, manganese oxide, Manganous chloride tetrahydrates.
A spot of trace compound can preheating before adding or is directly joined in the fertilizer slurry without preheating, mixes the back granulation.Need be heated to 100～110 ℃ before the moderate-element compound.
The manufacture method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer of the present invention at the fertilizer solution blended simultaneously, also can add a certain amount of pigment and make color grains shape compound manure.Described pigment is acid pigment, as Xylene Red, acid blue, erie black, turmeric yellow etc.The add-on of pigment and the ratio of fertilizer are (0.0001～0.0003): 1 (weight ratio).
The color of colored composite fertilizer can be used as the differentiation look of the brand mark of fertilizer enterprise or different varieties, trade mark fertilizer.But make colored fertilizer, except that the color that will consider pigment, also will consider of the influence of the intrinsic colour of the Repone K fertilizer that adds or some trace compounds, as red Repone K, copper sulfate etc. to the fertilizer color of required manufacturing.Should avoid making the influence of composite fertilizer required color by selecting different raw materials.
The manufacture method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer of the present invention, by the oleaginousness after centrifugal less than the also diatomite of the available finely powdered processing of applying powder of the granular compound fertilizer material of 1.5% (weight).Diatomaceous fineness is 90% less than 20 microns, and 50% less than 3 microns.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, can directly utilize work in-process---urea strong solution or melt in the urea plant urea synthesis, granular urea production and Repone K balling-up technology are combined, simplified Production Flow Chart, investment cost and process cost are lower, can change the single disadvantage of urea plant kind simultaneously.
2, melting granulating technology makes full use of the heat energy of former urea melt, and moisture content of material is very low, and the drying-free process has been saved energy consumption.
3, qualified product particle percentage composition is very high, so does not almost have returning charge in the production process.
4, product particle surface is slick and sly, and prevented from caking can directly be used or " material fertilizer " of crop blended fertilizer.
5, product can be made into colour or contain multiple in the amount, the trace element compound manure, to adapt to the requirement of Different Crop, soil, weather.
6, good operational environment, three-waste free discharge.
In order to implement the present invention better, the present invention is further illustrated now to enumerate following embodiment, but embodiment is not a limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Get urea plant flash evaporator outlet urea soln or melt 200 grams, concentration is greater than 99%, about 140 ℃ of temperature, add granularity and be preheated to about 105 ℃ white Repone K 28.6 grams less than 0.5 millimeter, add acid blue pigment 0.08 gram simultaneously, mixed about 1 minute, 120～130 ℃ of slurry temperatures, it is 25～45 ℃ oil cooling groove that the slip that contains the Repone K suspended substance falls into oily temperature by the vibrating prilling device, cooling also is cured as 1～4 millimeter pellet, after the butyraceous granulated fertilizer separates most oil by whizzer, obtain blue particle shape composite N-K fertilizer product, this product contains N40.2%, K
2O7.5%, moisture 0.50%, the granule strength of product greater than 30 newton/.
Embodiment 2
Get urea plant flash evaporator outlet urea soln 200 grams, concentration about 99%, about 140 ℃ of temperature, add granularity and be preheated to about 120 ℃ red Repone K 25 grams less than 0.5 millimeter, mixed about 1 minute, 120～130 ℃ of slurry temperatures, it is 25～45 ℃ oil cooling groove that slip falls into oily temperature by the vibrating prilling device, cooling also is cured as 1～4 millimeter pellet, after the butyraceous granulated fertilizer separates most oil by whizzer, obtain red granules shape composite N-K fertilizer product, this product contains N38.8%, K
2O6.7%, moisture＜2%, the granule strength of product greater than 12 newton/.
Embodiment 3
Solid urea 300 grams, be heated to 136 ℃ and become fused solution, granularity restrains less than 0.5 millimeter Repone K (red Repone K) 30, boric acid 3 grams, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 9 grams, after being preheating to about 105 ℃, join in the molten urea solution, mixed 1～3 minute, 120～135 ℃ of slurry temperatures, it is 25～45 ℃ oil cooling groove that the slip that contains the Repone K suspended substance falls into oily temperature by Fitz chilsonator, cools off and is cured as 1～4 millimeter pellet, the butyraceous granulated fertilizer obtains containing N40.4%, K after separating most oil by whizzer
2The pink composite N-K fertilizer of O5.3%, moisture 0.50%, this fertilizer contains magnesium, sulphur moderate-element and micronutrient boron, the granule strength of product be 51.6 newton/.
Embodiment 4
Solid urea 200 grams, be heated to 140 ℃ and become fused solution, granularity restrains less than 0.5 millimeter white Repone K 200, copper sulfate 4 grams, ammonium molybdate 4 grams, after being preheating to about 110 ℃, join in the molten urea solution together, mixed about 1 minute, about 125 ℃ of slurry temperature, it is 25～45 ℃ oil cooling groove that this material falls into oily temperature by Fitz chilsonator, cooling also is cured as 1～4 millimeter pellet, the butyraceous granulated fertilizer obtains the mazarine granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer after separating most oil by whizzer, and this product contains N22.6%, K
2O29.4%, moisture 0.50% contain sulphur moderate-element and trace copper and molybdenum simultaneously, the granule strength of product be 56.4 newton/.
Embodiment 5
Solid urea 200 grams, be heated to 145 ℃ and become fused solution, granularity is less than Repone K 154 grams of 0.5 millimeter white, calcium sulfate 10 grams, zinc sulfate 4 grams, manganous sulfate 4 grams, after being preheating to about 125 ℃ together, join in the molten urea solution, mix about 1 minute after, 120～135 ℃ of slurry temperatures, it is 25～45 ℃ oil cooling groove that the slip that contains the Repone K suspended substance falls into oily temperature by Fitz chilsonator, cools off and is cured as 1～4 millimeter pellet, after the butyraceous granulated fertilizer separates most oil by whizzer, obtain amber granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer product, this product N: K
2O=1: 1, contain N24.7%, K
2O24.8%, moisture 0.50% contain calcium, sulphur, zinc moderate-element and trace element simultaneously, the granule strength of product be 42.7 newton/.
Embodiment 6
Solid urea 100 grams, being heated to 140 ℃ becomes fused solution, adds Xylene Red 0.015 gram.Granularity is less than Repone K 38.5 grams of 0.5 millimeter white, after being preheating to about 100 ℃, join in the molten urea solution, after mixing about 1 minute, 120～135 ℃ of slurry temperatures, it is 25～45 ℃ oil cooling groove that the slip that contains the Repone K suspended substance falls into oily temperature by Fitz chilsonator, cooling also is cured as 1～4 millimeter pellet, the butyraceous granulated fertilizer obtains large red granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer product after separating most oil by whizzer, and this product contains N2.9%, K
2O16.6%, moisture 0.50%, its granule strength be 53.2 newton/.
Embodiment 7
Solid urea 200 grams, be heated to 140 ℃ and become fused solution, granularity restrains less than 0.5 millimeter white Repone K 40, after being preheating to about 110 ℃, join in the molten urea solution, mixed about 1 minute, 120～130 ℃ of slurry temperatures, it is 25～45 ℃ oil cooling groove that the slip that contains the Repone K suspended substance falls into oily temperature by the vibrating prilling device, cooling also is cured as 1～4 millimeter pellet, the butyraceous granulated fertilizer obtains white granular composite N-K fertilizer product after separating most oil by whizzer, and this product contains N38.3%, K
2O10.0%, moisture 0.5%, granule strength greater than 30 newton/.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of manufacture method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer is characterized in that this compound manure step of manufacturing comprises:
(1) work in-process in the urea synthesis, concentration is greater than 98% urea strong solution or melt, and temperature is 135～150 ℃, and perhaps solid urea is heated to 135～150 ℃ urea melt,
(2) granularity is heated to 100～130 ℃ less than 0.5 millimeter Repone K,
(3) urea strong solution or melt were mixed 1～3 minute with Repone K after the heating, generate the melting charge slurry that contains the Repone K suspended substance, the additional proportion of urea and Repone K is 1～10: 1 (weight ratio), slurry temperature are 120～135 ℃,
(4) melting charge slurry is separated into small droplets by the vibrating prilling device, it is 25～45 ℃ oil cooling groove that small droplets mat gravity falls into oily temperature, cooling also is cured as 1～4 millimeter particle, the fertiliser granulates that falls into the oil cooling trench bottom is sent to whizzer separates overwhelming majority oil, promptly obtain the granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer of oleaginousness less than 1.5% (weight).
2, the manufacture method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in urea strong solution or melt and Repone K blended while, also can optionally add a certain amount of moderate-element compound or trace compound, in obtaining containing, the trace element granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer.
3, the manufacture method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer according to claim 2 is characterized in that described moderate-element compound is one or more the mixture in calcium cpd, magnesium compound, the sulphur compound; Described trace compound is one or more the mixture in boron compound, copper compound, iron cpd, manganic compound, molybdenum compound, the zn cpds.
4,, it is characterized in that described moderate-element compound is one or more the mixture in calcium sulfate, nitrocalcite, sal epsom, potassium magnesium sulfate, the sulfur compound according to the manufacture method of claim 2 or 3 described granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizers; Described trace compound is one or more the mixture in copper sulfate, cupric oxide, ammonium molybdate, Sodium orthomolybdate, boric acid, borax, ferrous sulfate, chelated iron, zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, zinc chloride, manganous sulfate, manganese oxide, the Manganous chloride tetrahydrate compound.
5, the manufacture method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that simultaneously at the fertilizer solution blended, also can add a certain amount of pigment and make color grains shape compound manure, described pigment is acid pigment Xylene Red, acid blue, erie black, turmeric yellow, and the add-on of pigment and the ratio of fertilizer are (0.0001～0.0003): 1 (weight ratio).
6, the manufacture method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that oleaginousness after centrifugal is less than the also diatomite of the available finely powdered processing of applying powder of the granular compound fertilizer material of 1.5% (weight).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99113468 CN1130319C (en) | 1999-02-10 | 1999-02-10 | Production method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99113468 CN1130319C (en) | 1999-02-10 | 1999-02-10 | Production method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1263071A CN1263071A (en) | 2000-08-16 |
| CN1130319C true CN1130319C (en) | 2003-12-10 |
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ID=5276657
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99113468 Expired - Fee Related CN1130319C (en) | 1999-02-10 | 1999-02-10 | Production method of granular nitrogen-potassium composite fertilizer |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1130319C (en) |
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1999
- 1999-02-10 CN CN 99113468 patent/CN1130319C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1263071A (en) | 2000-08-16 |
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