CN113030014A - Hand-held orange quality nondestructive detector and optimal harvesting period prediction method - Google Patents
Hand-held orange quality nondestructive detector and optimal harvesting period prediction method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113030014A CN113030014A CN202110470268.1A CN202110470268A CN113030014A CN 113030014 A CN113030014 A CN 113030014A CN 202110470268 A CN202110470268 A CN 202110470268A CN 113030014 A CN113030014 A CN 113030014A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- light source
- citrus
- hand
- fiber probe
- optical fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical group [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012569 chemometric method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000985 reflectance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hand-held orange quality nondestructive detector, which comprises a shell 1, a light source emitter 2 fixed on the shell 1, a spectrum detector 4, a microprocessor 5, a light source 7 and a power supply device 8, wherein the light source 7 is arranged at the bottom of the light source emitter 2, one end of the spectrum detector 4 is connected with the microprocessor 5 through a connecting wire 10, and the other end of the spectrum detector is led out of an optical fiber probe 3; the optical fiber probe also comprises a stepping motor 6, a lens 9 and an optical shutter 11, wherein the output end of the stepping motor 6 is fixedly connected with the tail end of the optical shutter 11, and the light source 7, the light source emitter 2 and the optical fiber probe 3 are coaxial and homodromous; the light source emitter 2 and the optical fiber probe 3 are coaxial and in the same direction, and a shadow is formed in a citrus detection area, so that the influence of stray light is avoided; the optical fiber probe 3 integrating the optical fiber probe 3, the light source 7 and the optical gate 11 is designed, the distance from the optical fiber probe 3 to the citrus is optimized, and the influence of specular reflection light of the citrus epidermis is avoided. The optimal harvest time prediction method disclosed by the invention can predict the optimal harvest time of oranges.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit nondestructive testing, and particularly relates to a hand-held citrus quality nondestructive testing instrument and an optimal harvesting period prediction method.
Background
The maturity is an important index for evaluating the fruit quality and is also a main basis for predicting the harvesting period. The fruit has different maturity, which can seriously affect the whole quality and greatly reduce the market competitiveness. The national standard requires that the ripeness of the citrus fruits is suitable for eating. However, this degree of appropriateness is difficult to grasp, and there are large individual differences in the perception of fruit taste by different examiners. The maturity defined by GB/T12947-2008 fresh citrus means that the fruit develops to a suitable maturity level for eating. The fruits are picked at proper maturity, the mature condition is consistent with the market requirement (green area of the fruits is allowed in the early picking stage, oranges are less than or equal to 1/3, wide-skinned citrus is less than or equal to 1/2, early-maturing varieties are less than or equal to 7/10), and the green removing treatment is allowed when necessary; picking reasonably, and keeping the fruits intact and fresh; cleaning fruit surfaces; the flavor is normal. It is shown that the maturity is only qualitatively specified in the standard.
China is a large producing country of citrus fruits, but a sales channel chain is imperfect, citrus is not easy to store and is easily influenced by climate, the harvesting time depends on experience, and most citrus fruits on the market judge the internal quality of the fruits by manually screening the sizes and the colors of the fruits of the same variety. The ripeness of the citrus fruits is different, the overall quality is seriously influenced, and the market competitiveness of the citrus fruits is reduced. With the rapid development of economy and society and the improvement of living standard, the taste, shape and nutrition of fruits are more and more concerned by the general public. Therefore, the best harvesting time of the citrus fruits is known, the maturity is judged, the storage time is prolonged, the phenomenon of fruit late sale can be well improved, harvesting is carried out in the best harvesting time, and the maximum profit is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hand-held orange quality nondestructive detector which realizes high-precision orange quality nondestructive detection; the second object of the present invention is to provide a method for predicting an optimum harvest time of citrus fruits, which can predict the optimum harvest time of citrus fruits.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a hand-held orange quality nondestructive detector comprises a shell 1, a light source emitter 2 fixed on the shell 1, a spectrum detector 4, a microprocessor 5, a light source 7 and a power supply device 8, wherein the light source 7 is arranged at the bottom of the light source emitter 2, one end of the spectrum detector 4 is connected with the microprocessor 5 through a connecting wire 10, and the other end of the spectrum detector is led out of an optical fiber probe 3; the optical fiber probe also comprises a stepping motor 6, a lens 9 and an optical shutter 11, wherein the output end of the stepping motor 6 is fixedly connected with the tail end of the optical shutter 11, and the light source 7, the light source emitter 2 and the optical fiber probe 3 are coaxial and homodromous.
Further, the light source 7 is a halogen lamp.
Further, the power supply device 8 includes, but is not limited to, a primary battery, a secondary lithium battery, or a lead-acid battery.
Further, the head end of the shutter 11 is rounded to shield the ambient light entering the fiber probe 3 to the maximum extent.
Further, a GPS sensor is included to record the sampled location information.
Further, the light source emitter 2 is provided with a convex lens covering the light source 7, and the light is changed from collimated light to parallel light by the convex lens.
The optimal harvesting period prediction method adopts a hand-held orange quality nondestructive detector for sampling, and comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting the spectrum data and position information of the orange sample;
s2, establishing a near infrared spectrum detection mathematical model of the intrinsic quality index of the citrus;
s3, calculating the growth rate of the intrinsic quality index;
and S4, predicting the optimal harvest time by combining the internal quality index threshold value of the harvest.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the light source emitter 2 and the optical fiber probe 3 are kept coaxial and in the same direction, and shadow is formed in a citrus detection area, so that the influence of stray light is avoided.
(2) The optical fiber probe 3, the light source 7 and the optical gate 11 are integrated, so that the distance from the optical fiber probe 3 to the citrus is optimized, and the influence of specular reflection light of the citrus epidermis is avoided.
(3) The method for predicting the optimal harvesting period is provided, and a mathematical model can be established by utilizing spectral data and position information collected by a hand-held citrus quality nondestructive detector to predict the optimal harvesting period of the citrus.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hand-held nondestructive testing apparatus for citrus quality.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a hand-held citrus fruit quality non-destructive tester.
Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged structural view of an optical fiber probe 3 and a shutter 11 of a hand-held citrus quality nondestructive testing apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method for optimal harvest time prediction.
Reference numerals: 1. a housing; 2. a light source emitter; 3. a fiber optic probe; 4. a spectral detector; 5. a microprocessor; 6. a stepping motor; 7. a light source; 8. a power supply device; 9. a lens; 10. a connecting wire; 11. and (4) a shutter.
The noun explains: SSC, soluble solid, soluble solid content;
TA titratable acid, titrable acid;
SSC/TA: i.e. the ratio of soluble solid to titratable acid, referred to as the solid-acid ratio.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a hand-held citrus quality nondestructive detector comprises a housing 1, a light source emitter 2 fixed on the housing 1, a spectrum detector 4, a microprocessor 5, a light source 7 and a power supply device 8, wherein the light source 7 is arranged at the bottom of the light source emitter 2, one end of the spectrum detector 4 is connected with the microprocessor 5 through a connecting wire 10, and the other end is led out of an optical fiber probe 3; the optical fiber probe also comprises a stepping motor 6, a lens 9 and an optical shutter 11, wherein the output end of the stepping motor 6 is fixedly connected with the tail end of the optical shutter 11, and the light source 7, the light source emitter 2 and the optical fiber probe 3 are coaxial and homodromous. The citrus is irradiated by the parallel light at the two sides of the optical fiber probe 3, the parallel light in the area of the optical fiber probe 3 is shielded by the optical fiber probe 3, a shadow area is formed from the optical fiber probe 3 to the surface of the citrus, and the optical fiber probe 3 receives the diffuse reflection light of local citrus tissues, so that the influence of specular reflection can be overcome to a greater extent.
Preferably, the light source 7 is a halogen lamp.
Preferably, the power supply means 8 includes, but is not limited to, a primary battery, a secondary lithium battery or a lead-acid battery.
Preferably, the shutter 11 has a rounded head end to maximally block ambient light entering the fiber-optic probe 3.
Preferably, a GPS sensor is also included to record the sampled location information.
Preferably, the light source emitter 2 is provided with a convex lens covering the light source 7, through which the light rays are changed from collimated to parallel light.
The working principle of the hand-held orange quality nondestructive detector is as follows: A20W Oslar halogen lamp is selected as a light source 7, and a voltage-stabilizing power supply device 8 is adopted for supplying power. The light emitted by the halogen lamp is collimated into parallel light by the light source emitter 2, the orange is irradiated by a single point, and the transmission spectrum and the diffuse reflection spectrum are respectively collected by the optical fiber probe 3. To avoid specular reflection, a shutter 11 is added between the incident light and the diffuse reflection light, controlled by a stepper motor 6, and the diffuse reflection probe is at about 30 ° to the incident light. The diffuse reflection spectrum and the transmission spectrum of the orange tissue are collected by adopting an optical fiber probe 3 respectively. After measuring the transmission spectrum each time, testing the transmission depth of the near infrared light in the citrus tissue, and establishing the relation between the transmission spectrum and the transmission depth; meanwhile, the characteristics of the diffuse reflection spectrum are recorded each time, for example, the diffuse reflection spectrum is changed remarkably, which shows that the diffuse reflection spectrum is the diffuse reflection spectrum of local citrus tissues. And establishing a mathematical model by using a chemometric method through the acquired spectrum and basic data so as to determine the component or the property of the citrus.
The optimal harvesting period prediction method adopts a hand-held orange quality nondestructive detector for sampling, and comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting the spectrum data and position information of the orange sample;
the specific process is as follows: representative citrus samples were collected at 30-40 times a week in a certified citrus orchard, near infrared diffuse reflectance spectra were scanned, and SSC, TA, VC, surface Color (CIELAB) were measured. The physicochemical property indexes, solid acid ratio (SSC/TA) and change rule of diffuse reflection spectrum along with picking time are analyzed by adopting Unscambleble10.1 chemometrics software. And determining an appropriate internal quality index threshold by combining the distribution market of the experimental citrus orchard according to the line standard NYT 716-2003 and the national standard GBT 12947-2008.
S2, establishing a near infrared spectrum detection mathematical model of the intrinsic quality index of the citrus;
the specific process is as follows: orange samples are collected every week, and the SSC content of the oranges on the trees is measured by a Kubota KBA-100R instrument loaded with an orange model, wherein the model is not corrected, and even if the precision of the model is not high, the change trend of the high, medium and low SSC content of the oranges can be ensured. In order to maintain the representativeness of the samples, the SSC content is covered by high, medium and low gradients as much as possible, and the number of each batch of samples is controlled to be about 30 oranges. After the citrus juice is transported to a laboratory, a Kubota KBA-100A and a self-developed portable instrument are adopted to collect near infrared spectrum, SSC, TA, VC and color are measured, solid acid ratio (SSC/TA) is calculated, and a near infrared spectrum detection mathematical model of citrus intrinsic quality indexes is established by adopting a partial least square method (PLS).
In order to verify the detection result of the hand-held orange quality nondestructive detector, 2 oranges are picked around the marked 2 oranges every week, and after the oranges are transported to a laboratory to scan the spectrum, the oranges are damaged and measured, and SSC, TA, VC and surface color and luster are measured. Meanwhile, the data are also supplemented into the mathematical model, the mathematical model is further upgraded and maintained, and the robustness of the mathematical model is improved through continuous work for 3-4 years.
S3, calculating the growth rate of the intrinsic quality index;
the specific process is as follows: and calculating the increase speed of the intrinsic quality index by adopting a near infrared spectrum detection mathematical model of the intrinsic quality index of the citrus.
And S4, predicting the optimal harvest time by combining the internal quality index threshold value of the harvest.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A hand-held orange quality nondestructive detector comprises a shell (1), a light source emitter (2) fixed on the shell (1), a spectrum detector (4), a microprocessor (5), a light source (7) and a power supply device (8), wherein the light source (7) is arranged at the bottom of the light source emitter (2), one end of the spectrum detector (4) is connected with the microprocessor (5) through a connecting wire (10), and an optical fiber probe (3) is led out from the other end of the spectrum detector; the method is characterized in that: still include step motor (6), lens (9) and optical gate (11), the output of step motor (6) and the tail end fixed connection of optical gate (11), light source (7), light source transmitter (2) and fiber probe (3) keep coaxial syntropy.
2. The hand-held citrus quality non-destructive tester according to claim 1, wherein: the light source (7) is a halogen lamp.
3. The hand-held citrus quality non-destructive tester according to claim 1, wherein: the power supply device (8) includes, but is not limited to, a primary battery, a secondary lithium battery, or a lead-acid battery.
4. The hand-held citrus quality non-destructive tester according to claim 1, wherein: the head end of the optical shutter (11) is circular.
5. The hand-held citrus quality non-destructive tester according to claim 1, wherein: a GPS sensor is also included.
6. The hand-held citrus quality non-destructive tester according to claim 1, wherein: the light source emitter 2 is provided with a convex lens covering the light source (7), and the light rays are changed into parallel light rays from collimation through the convex lens.
7. The method for predicting the optimal harvest time, which is used for sampling by using the hand-held citrus quality nondestructive testing instrument as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting the spectrum data and position information of the orange sample;
s2, establishing a near infrared spectrum detection mathematical model of the intrinsic quality index of the citrus;
s3, calculating the growth rate of the intrinsic quality index;
and S4, predicting the optimal harvest time by combining the internal quality index threshold value of the harvest.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110470268.1A CN113030014A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Hand-held orange quality nondestructive detector and optimal harvesting period prediction method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110470268.1A CN113030014A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Hand-held orange quality nondestructive detector and optimal harvesting period prediction method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113030014A true CN113030014A (en) | 2021-06-25 |
Family
ID=76454852
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110470268.1A Pending CN113030014A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Hand-held orange quality nondestructive detector and optimal harvesting period prediction method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113030014A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113686803A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Apple sugar degree nondestructive measurement device and method based on smart phone |
| CN114002178A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 中电科西北集团有限公司 | Method and device for matching kiwi fruit sugar degree prediction model by satellite positioning |
-
2021
- 2021-04-29 CN CN202110470268.1A patent/CN113030014A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113686803A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Apple sugar degree nondestructive measurement device and method based on smart phone |
| CN114002178A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 中电科西北集团有限公司 | Method and device for matching kiwi fruit sugar degree prediction model by satellite positioning |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6847447B2 (en) | Apparatus and method and techniques for measuring and correlating characteristics of fruit with visible/near infra-red spectrum | |
| CN101308086B (en) | Fruit internal quality on-line checking apparatus based on near infrared spectra technology | |
| CN113030014A (en) | Hand-held orange quality nondestructive detector and optimal harvesting period prediction method | |
| CN103048277B (en) | The system and method for near infrared spectrum Non-Destructive Testing fruit internal quality | |
| NZ521919A (en) | Apparatus and method for measuring and correlating characteristics of fruit with visible/near infra-red spectrum | |
| AU2001245710A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for measuring and correlating characteristics of fruit with visible/near infra-red spectrum | |
| CN101832941A (en) | Fruit quality evaluation device based on multispectral image | |
| CN103278460A (en) | Test and analysis method of red spider insect pest coercion conditions of orange trees | |
| CN104965973B (en) | A kind of Apple Mould Core multiple-factor Non-Destructive Testing discrimination model and method for building up thereof | |
| CN101975759A (en) | Transmission-type nondestructive measuring device and method of water content of plant leaves | |
| CN115495703B (en) | Tobacco maturity detection method and system based on airborne multispectral data | |
| Yang et al. | In situ determination of growing stages and harvest time of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fruits using fiber-optic visible—near-infrared (vis-nir) spectroscopy | |
| CN111220568A (en) | Apple sugar determination device and method based on near infrared spectrum analysis technology | |
| CN108535250A (en) | ' Fuji ' ripe apples degree lossless detection method based on Streif indexes | |
| CN112129709A (en) | Apple tree canopy scale nitrogen content diagnosis method | |
| CN113267458A (en) | Method for establishing quantitative prediction model of soluble protein content of sweet potatoes | |
| Kawano | New application of nondestructive methods for quality evaluation of fruits and vegetables in Japan (quality and its evaluation of horticultural products, for further development of horticulture in East Asia) | |
| CN114235720B (en) | Portable nondestructive test device of waxberry fruit sugar acidity | |
| CN215727708U (en) | Handheld eggshell strength detection device | |
| FR2775345A1 (en) | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR MEASURING THE CONTENT, IN PARTICULAR OF SUGAR, OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES | |
| CN113533306A (en) | Handheld eggshell strength detection device and method | |
| TW202117306A (en) | Method for measuring chlorophyll content and method for determining maturity of fruit | |
| Bhatnagar et al. | NIR-Based Fruit Ripeness Sensor EmbodimentsUsing Low-Cost LEDs and Photodiodes | |
| CN118329831A (en) | Durian maturity detection method based on transmission spectrum | |
| WO2004044558A2 (en) | A method and apparatus for determining a property of a sample |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |