CN113029853B - Method suitable for evaluating quality of soft-shell crabs of scylla paramamosain - Google Patents
Method suitable for evaluating quality of soft-shell crabs of scylla paramamosain Download PDFInfo
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- CN113029853B CN113029853B CN202110227793.0A CN202110227793A CN113029853B CN 113029853 B CN113029853 B CN 113029853B CN 202110227793 A CN202110227793 A CN 202110227793A CN 113029853 B CN113029853 B CN 113029853B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method suitable for evaluating the quality of soft-shell crabs of Scylla paramamosain, wherein the standard is to judge the quality of the soft-shell crabs to be detected by TOS (transmitter of TOS) value. The invention discloses a soft-shell crab quality identification method, which is established by calculating the time length after shelling and analyzing the relative contents of water, grey matter, amino acid, mineral elements, fatty acid, volatile aroma compounds and the like in liver and pancreas on the basis of collecting a plurality of soft-shell crab samples of different grades. The identification process has few artificial influence factors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture food quality detection, and particularly relates to a method suitable for evaluating the quality of soft-shell crabs of scylla paramamosain.
Background
Seawater crabs need to be molted for many times in their lives, while soft-shell crabs, i.e., crabs, are not yet hardened after the molting is completed. The soft shell crab of Scylla paramamosain is clean and pollution-free, and has advantages of whole body edible, high resource availability, convenient eating, and easy taste. And researches show that compared with common hard shell crabs, soft shell crabs have the characteristics of high calcium, low fat, nutrition and delicious taste, and are green and environment-friendly novel marine products which are deeply loved by consumers at home and abroad. The soft-shell crabs of the Scylla paramamosain have great market demands in domestic and middle-aged cities, the market price is one or several times higher than that of the common hard-shell crabs, and the selling supply is short.
At present, most of soft-shell crabs of Scylla paramamosain in domestic markets have bad and uneven markets due to unclear sources, uneven quality specifications and disordered price positioning. In addition, the soft-shell crabs of the Scylla paramamosain are high-calcium, low-fat, nutritional and delicious products, but the propaganda and popularization range is only limited in coastal partial areas and foreign areas, and a complete product quality evaluation system is not established for a great reason. Therefore, a technical method for establishing a quality judgment standard of soft-shell crabs is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method suitable for evaluating the quality of soft-shell crabs of Scylla paramamosain, namely a Scylla paramamosain quality identification method which is not influenced by human factors and is more objective and fair.
The invention firstly provides a standard for determining the quality of soft-shell crabs of Scylla paramamosain, wherein the standard is used for judging the quality of the soft-shell crabs to be detected by TOS (transmitter optical System) score, wherein
TOS＝0.005water-0.00024ash+0.001Ala+0.33Ca+0.0057Fe+0.59Mon ounsaturated fatty acids+0.0008(3-decanol)；
water represents water content, ash represents gray matter content, and Ala represents alanine content in amino acid; ca. Fe represents the calcium content and the iron content respectively; monounanswered fatty acid contents are represented by Monounanswered fatty acid residues; 3-decanol represents the relative content of 3-n-decanol;
furthermore, the TOS total score is set to be A grade above 8000; the total score is B grade at 6000-8000; 4000-6000 is C grade; grade D is below 4000.
The invention also provides a method for evaluating the quality of the Scylla paramamosain soft-shell crabs, which is used for detecting the relative contents of water, gray matter, amino acid, mineral elements, fatty acid and volatile aroma compounds in the hepatopancreas of the Scylla paramamosain soft-shell crabs and calculating the TOS (transmitter of TOS) value
TOS＝0.005water-0.00024ash+0.001Ala+0.33Ca+0.0057Fe+0.59Monou nsaturated fatty acids+0.0008(3-decanol)。
In the identification method, the moisture content is measured by a normal pressure drying method; the ash content is measured by adopting a high-temperature burning method; the amino acid content is measured by adopting a high performance liquid chromatograph method; the fatty acid content is measured by adopting a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument method; the content of mineral elements is measured by adopting a medium-inductance coupling plasma mass spectrometry method; the relative content of the volatile aroma compounds is measured by a mass spectrometry method.
The volatile aroma compound is 3-decanol.
The invention discloses a soft-shell crab quality identification method, which is established by calculating the time length after shelling and analyzing the relative contents of water, grey matter, amino acid, mineral elements, fatty acid, volatile aroma compounds and the like in liver and pancreas on the basis of collecting a plurality of soft-shell crab samples of different grades. The identification process has few artificial influence factors.
Drawings
FIG. 1: a water content change chart before and after molting of the scylla paramamosain;
FIG. 2: a graph of ash content changes before and after molting of scylla paramamosain;
FIG. 3: photographic images of the S1 sample (left panel) and the S2 sample (right panel).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1: establishing the detection standard of the quality of the soft-shell crabs of the Scylla paramamosain
The applicant found in the research that the hepatopancreas is an important part for determining the taste of the scylla paramamosain soft-shell crabs, and then the muscle and hepatopancreas moisture (figure 1), ash (figure 2), amino acid (table 1), mineral element (table 2), flavor (table 3) and fatty acid content (table 4) of the scylla paramamosain hard-shell crabs and the soft-shell crabs after shelling for 0-48h were measured by using a headspace Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) method and a gas-mass spectrometry (GS-MS) method.
Determining the moisture content in edible tissues and alanine in amino acid by comparing the nutritional quality and flavor difference of the Scylla paramamosain at different time points before and after molting; the content of calcium and iron elements in mineral elements; monounsaturated fatty acid content in fatty acids; the content of 3-decanol in the volatile aroma compounds is obviously higher than that before molting, which is seen as a main factor for improving the taste of the soft-shell crabs.
Obtaining a calculation formula of TOS (0.005 water-0.00024ash +0.001Ala +0.33Ca +0.0057Fe +0.59Mono transformed fatty acids +0.0008(3-decanol) according to the proportion weight and the importance degree of different substances in the soft-shell crabs, wherein the obtained TOS value can be used for evaluating the quality of the green mud crab soft-shell crabs, wherein the water represents the water content and the ash represents the ash content, and the unit is g/100 g; ala represents the alanine content of the amino acid, and the unit is mg.g-1; ca. Fe represents the calcium content and the iron content respectively; monounanswered fatty acid contents, both in mg. kg-1, are represented by Monounanticipated fatty acids; 3-decanol represents the relative content of 3-decanol, expressed as a numerical value in percent.
Table 1: amino acid content in hepatopancreas before and after molting of Scylla paramamosain (mg. g)-1)
Table 2: content scale of mineral elements in hepatopancreas before and after molting of scylla paramamosain (mg. g)-1)
Table 3: relative content of volatile aroma compounds in hepatopancreas tissues before and after molting of scylla paramamosain (mg. g)-1)
Table 4: fatty acid content table in hepatopancreas before and after molting of scylla paramamosain
Note: SFA: a saturated fatty acid; MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA: a polyunsaturated fatty acid; HUFA: highly unsaturated fatty acids. The difference of different lower case letters in the same row is obvious (P <0.05)
Determining the quality standard of the soft-shell crabs of the Scylla paramamosain according to the proportion weight and the importance degree of different substances in the soft-shell crabs, and judging the quality of the soft-shell crabs to be detected by using the TOS value, wherein the determined calculation formula is as follows:
TOS＝0.005water-0.00024ash+0.001Ala+0.33Ca+0.0057Fe+0.59Mon ounsaturated fatty acids+0.0008(3-decanol)；
water represents water content, ash represents gray matter content, and Ala represents alanine content in amino acid; ca. Fe represents the calcium content and the iron content respectively; monounanswered fatty acid contents are represented by Monounanswered fatty acid residues; 3-decanol represents the relative content of 3-n-decanol.
Example 2 quality testing of Soft-shelled crabs at different shelling stages
The soft-shell crabs to be evaluated adopt green mud crabs (the green mud crabs with the mass of 160.00 +/-31 g when hard-shell crabs are made) which are bred and prepared in indoor crab apartments at the same period and have the same quality, wherein the soft-shell crabs 0h after molting are marked as S1, and the soft-shell crabs 6h after molting are marked as S2. The quality identification method of the soft-shell crabs established in the embodiment 1 is adopted, wherein the measurement units of water and ash are g/100 g; ala is measured in mg.g-1; ca. The measurement units of Fe and Monounsatured fasty acids are mg.kg-1; 3-decanol is expressed as a numerical value in percent.
The specific process is as follows:
1) and (4) observing the molting and starting timing, sampling according to time points 0h and 6h after the molting, taking the hepatopancreas of each individual, and randomly sampling at each time point. And filling nitrogen gas to seal after the sample is obtained, and immediately storing in a refrigerator at the temperature of minus 80 ℃.
2) The moisture content of the two types of soft shell crab (S1, S2) samples is respectively determined by a normal pressure drying method; determining the gray matter content by adopting a high-temperature burning method; determining the alanine content in the amino acid by adopting a high performance liquid chromatograph method; determining the content of monounsaturated fatty acid in the fatty acid by adopting a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined instrument method; determining the contents of Ca and Fe by adopting a medium-inductance coupling plasma mass spectrometry; and measuring the relative content of the 3-n-decanol in the volatile aroma compound by adopting a mass spectrometry graph method.
3) Substituting the measured data of the S1 and S2 samples
Calculating TOS (total TOS) which is the total quality score of the soft-shell crabs by 0.005water-0.00024ash +0.001Ala +0.33Ca +0.0057Fe +0.59Mono unsalted fatty acids +0.0008 (3-decanol);
wherein water represents the water content and ash represents the ash content, and the unit is g/100 g; ala represents the alanine content of the amino acid, and the unit is mg.g < -1 >; ca. Fe represents the calcium content and the iron content respectively, and Monomentalized fatty acids represent the Monounsaturated fatty acid content, and the unit is mg.kg < -1 >; 3-decanol represents the relative content of 3-decanol, expressed as a numerical value in percent (Table 5).
Table 5: soft shell crab quality identification result table
Determining that TOS total score is A grade above 8000 by detecting different shelling periods of the soft-shell crabs; the total score is B grade at 6000-8000; 4000-6000 is C grade; grade D is below 4000. The invention discloses a soft-shell crab quality identification method, which is established by calculating the time length after shelling and analyzing the relative contents of water, grey matter, amino acid, mineral elements, fatty acid, volatile aroma compounds and the like in liver and pancreas on the basis of collecting a plurality of soft-shell crab samples of different grades. The identification process has few artificial influence factors.
Claims (2)
1. The method is characterized in that the method detects the relative contents of water, grey matter, amino acid, mineral elements, fatty acid and volatile aroma compounds in the hepatopancreas of the Scylla paramamosain to calculate the TOS value, and judges the quality of the hepatopancreas of the Scylla paramamosain to be detected according to the TOS value, wherein the method is used for evaluating the quality of the hepatopancreas of the Scylla paramamosain to be detected
TOS=0.005W1-0.00024W2+0.001W3+0.33W4+0.0057W5+0.59W6+0.0008 W7；
W1Represents the moisture content, W2Is represented by the ash content, W3Represents the alanine content of the amino acid; w4、W5Respectively representing the calcium content and the iron content; w6Representative of monounsaturated fatty acid content; w7Representative is the relative content of 3-decanol.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the moisture content is determined by an atmospheric drying method; the measurement of the gray matter content adopts a high-temperature burning method; the alanine content is determined by high performance liquid chromatography; the content of the monounsaturated fatty acid is measured by adopting a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument method; the calcium content and the iron content are measured by adopting a medium-inductance coupling plasma mass spectrometry method; the relative content of 3-decanol is determined by a mass spectrometry method.
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Citations (7)
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Patent Citations (7)
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| CN101720712A (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2010-06-09 | 上海海洋大学 | Packaging method for water-leaving freshness preservation of portunus tritubercularus living body |
| CN101755697A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2010-06-30 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for producing soft-shell crabs by using portunus trituberculatus crabs |
| JP2014076010A (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2014-05-01 | Ogawa & Co Ltd | Production method of seafood flavor |
| CN104621631A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-05-20 | 浙江海洋学院 | Processing method of frozen portunus trituberculatus |
| CN104719235A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-06-24 | 王连成 | Fresh soft crab storage and transportation method |
| CN105146596A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2015-12-16 | 宁波大学 | Soft shell crab dry powder and processing method thereof |
| CN107529411A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-02 | 汕头大学 | A kind of mixed feed of Scylla paramamosain soft crab and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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