CN113029451A

CN113029451A - Shield segment joint water leakage experiment device and method

Info

Publication number: CN113029451A
Application number: CN202110332905.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王剑宏; 史璐玉; 郭江浩; 贾思佳; 于博翔; 刘可; 刘健; 常洪雷
Original assignee: Shandong University
Current assignee: Shandong University
Priority date: 2021-03-29
Filing date: 2021-03-29
Publication date: 2021-06-25
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-29
Also published as: CN113029451B

Abstract

The invention relates to a shield segment joint water leakage experimental device and a method, comprising a loading mechanism, an elastic plugging piece and two segments which are spliced with each other, wherein the opposite side surfaces of the two segments form sealing surfaces, a joint is formed between the two sealing surfaces, a sealing gasket is arranged in the joint, and the length of the sealing gasket is less than that of the joint; elasticity shutoff piece includes first segmentation, first segmentation both ends are connected with the second segmentation respectively, first segmentation spanes in the seam outside and respectively with the upper surface connection of two sections of jurisdiction, set up two slots that run through each other with the seam in the section of jurisdiction, two slots are in sealed both ends of filling up respectively, two second segmentations can stretch into in the slot, elasticity shutoff piece, enclose between sealed pad and two sealed faces and close the pressurization space that forms can communicate external pressure water source, elasticity shutoff piece outside is equipped with counter-force structure, with the deformation of restriction elasticity shutoff piece.

Description

Shield segment joint water leakage experiment device and method

Technical Field

The disclosure belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a shield segment joint water leakage experiment device and method.

Background

The statements herein merely provide background related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.

The leakage water of the segment joint is one of the most common diseases of the shield tunnel, and the leakage prevention and stoppage also become the most main work in the operation and maintenance of the shield tunnel facility, so that the operation and maintenance cost of the facility is greatly increased. The water leakage of the segment joint is used as a prominent problem affecting the durability and the safe use of the tunnel facility, the normal operation of the facility can be affected, structural diseases such as steel bar corrosion, lining cracking and the like can be easily caused or accelerated, and the stability of the foundation surrounding rock and the lining structure can be reduced in serious conditions, so that the ground subsidence and the overlarge deformation damage of the structure are caused.

Shield tunnels are generally formed by splicing duct pieces through joints with relatively low rigidity, and the flexible joints can improve the deformation adaptability and the anti-seismic performance of a tunnel structure and are also the main positions of tunnel leakage water. The waterproof of section of jurisdiction is realized through setting up the elastic sealing pad in seam department, but the structural style and the stress state of joint are various, seam leakage water mechanism is complicated, and the source of the leakage water in the outside is difficult to discern generally. The leakage of water at the joint of the pipe piece is caused by more reasons, such as the size precision and the assembling quality of the pipe piece and the sealing gasket, uneven settlement of the stratum and increase of water and soil pressure load, so that the joint of the pipe piece is opened, the dislocation amount is too large, and the waterproof performance of the sealing gasket is damaged. Therefore, the waterproof performance of the segment joint is the key of long-term health service of the shield tunnel, and research on a water leakage mechanism of the segment joints in different forms under different stress deformation states through a water leakage experiment is the most effective method for guaranteeing the waterproof performance of the joint.

The inventor thinks that the prior pipe piece joint water leakage experimental device mainly has the following defects:

1) the pressure water is used for fixing the test piece through a return type sealing gasket groove formed in the position of the duct piece joint to form closed space pressurization. In actual engineering, pressure water acts on the outer side of the segment and the water pressure and segment seam deformation interact, so that the method cannot truly simulate the water pressure condition of a segment joint;

2) the tunnel water leakage experimental device is limited to joint simulation under the full-section compression joint condition between rigid plates, and factors such as the structural form of an actual segment joint, the section position of a sealing gasket groove, uneven stress after assembly and the like are ignored, so that the waterproof performance of a sealing gasket obtained by the experiment is different from that of the actual segment joint;

3) the relation between the deformation of pipe sheet joints such as opening and dislocation and water leakage under different water pressures and different stress actions (tension, compression, bending and shearing) cannot be systematically simulated. Therefore, there is a need to develop a segment joint leakage water experimental device capable of reproducing joint form and stress, and study the relationship between actual engineering segment joint deformation and leakage water and the segment joint leakage mechanism.

Disclosure of Invention

The present disclosure aims to provide a device and a method for testing water leakage of a shield segment joint, which can at least solve one of the above technical problems.

In order to achieve the above object, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a water leakage experimental apparatus for a shield segment joint, including an elastic blocking piece and two segments spliced together, wherein the opposite sides of the two segments form sealing surfaces, a seam is formed between the two sealing surfaces, a sealing pad is arranged in the seam, and the length of the sealing pad is less than the length of the seam;

elasticity shutoff piece includes first segmentation, first segmentation both ends are connected with the second segmentation respectively, first segmentation spanes in the seam outside and respectively with the upper surface connection of two sections of jurisdiction, set up two slots that run through each other with the seam in the section of jurisdiction, two slots are in sealed both ends of filling up respectively, two second segmentations can stretch into in the slot, elasticity shutoff piece, enclose between sealed pad and two sealed faces and close the pressurization space that forms can communicate external pressure water source, elasticity shutoff piece outside is equipped with counter-force structure, with the deformation of restriction elasticity shutoff piece, provide the counter-force for elasticity shutoff piece.

The loading mechanism is used for applying load to the segment.

As further improvement, the device also comprises a reaction cover arranged on one side of the first section far away from the pressurization space, the reaction cover comprises a first reaction cover and a second reaction cover which are fixedly connected with the two pipe sheets respectively, and the first reaction cover is hinged with the second reaction cover and the rotating axis of the first reaction cover is parallel to the sealing gasket.

As a further improvement, the counter-force structure comprises a sealing pressure plate which can be inserted into the insertion groove and is located on the side of the second section remote from the pressurized space.

As a further improvement, the sealing device also comprises a support frame, wherein an axial loading assembly is arranged in the support frame, and the axial loading assembly can be respectively connected to the end faces of the two pipe sheets far away from the joint and provides pulling pressure for the pipe sheets so as to change the distance between the two sealing surfaces.

As a further improvement, the device also comprises a vertical loading assembly supported by the support frame, wherein the vertical loading assembly can apply pulling pressure to the pipe sheet along the direction vertical to the pipe sheet so as to enable the joint to bear shearing force or bending moment.

As a further improvement, the vertical loading assembly can be translated and fixed along the direction of extension of the segment.

As a further improvement, the section of jurisdiction includes first section of jurisdiction and second section of jurisdiction, and the length of first section of jurisdiction is the twice of second section of jurisdiction length, and axial loading subassembly includes fixed linear driving piece and the fixing base through the support frame, and linear driving piece is fixed with first loading board, and first section of jurisdiction can be articulated or the rigid coupling with first loading board, and the second section of jurisdiction can be articulated or the rigid coupling with the fixing base.

Further, the sealing pressure plate comprises two wedge-shaped plates, the inclined surfaces of the two wedge-shaped plates are attached to each other, two side surfaces of the two wedge-shaped plates, which deviate from the inclined surfaces, are parallel to each other, and the two wedge-shaped plates can slide along the inclined surfaces and change the thickness of the sealing pressure plate.

One or more embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a method for testing leakage water of a segment joint of a shield tunnel, which utilizes the device for testing leakage water of a segment joint of a shield tunnel, and includes the following steps:

mounting a sealing gasket, assembling the two pipe pieces, and supporting the pipe pieces by a supporting frame;

installing an elastic plugging piece to form a pressurizing space among the elastic plugging piece, the sealing gasket and the sealing surface, and communicating the pressurizing space with an external pressure water source to enable the water pressure in the pressurizing space to reach an experimental value;

applying external force perpendicular to a sealing surface and perpendicular to a pipe fitting to the duct piece through a loading mechanism, simulating the tensile compression, shearing and bending effects of a duct piece joint, and observing the deformation and water leakage conditions of the duct piece joint, the joint pressure, the joint opening and the slab staggering amount data;

and changing the loading force to obtain the relationship among the joint stress, the opening amount, the dislocation amount and the leakage water.

The beneficial effects of one or more technical schemes are as follows:

a sealed high-pressure water action space (namely a pressurization space) is formed by the elastic plugging piece, the counter-force cover and the sealing pressing plate, and the water pressure is added on the outer side of the duct piece, so that the water pressure condition of a duct piece joint can be truly simulated;

the structural form of the actual segment joint and the position of the groove of the sealing gasket are simulated, so that the stress condition of the segment joint can be truly simulated, and the waterproof performance of the sealing gasket is obtained;

by changing the loading force and the loading position of the first oil cylinder and the second oil cylinder and the connection mode of the first loading plate and the fixed seat with the duct piece, the relation between the deformation of the duct piece joint, such as opening, dislocation and the like and the water leakage under different water pressures and different stress actions (pulling, pressing, bending and shearing) can be systematically simulated, and the duct piece joint leakage mechanism of the practical engineering is disclosed.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.

FIG. 1 is an axial schematic view of an overall structure in an embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sealing platen in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of an elastomeric closure in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the reaction force cover according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a section at the joint of a first segment and a second segment in an embodiment of the disclosure.

In the figure, 1, a first tube sheet; 2. a second segment; 3. a bolt fastener; 4. a gasket groove; 5. a gasket; 6. a fixed seat; 7. a first load plate; 8. a support frame; 9. a first cylinder; 10. a cross beam; 11. a bolt adjusting hole; 12. a second cylinder; 13. a second load plate; 14. a water sealing system; 15. a water inlet; 16. a counter-force cover; 161. a first reaction force cover; 162. a second reaction force housing; 17. a hinge; 18. an elastic plugging member; 181. a first segment; 182. a second section; 19. sealing the pressure plate; 20. mounting grooves; 21. a water supply system; 22. a water pipe; 23. a hydraulic system; 24. a hydraulic line; 25. a control cabinet.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

For convenience of description, the words "up, down, left and right" in this disclosure, if any, merely indicate correspondence with the up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate description of the disclosure and simplify description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the disclosure.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-7, the present embodiment provides a water leakage experimental apparatus for a shield segment joint, which includes an elastic blocking piece and two segments spliced together, wherein the opposite sides of the two segments form sealing surfaces, a seam is formed between the two sealing surfaces, a sealing gasket is disposed in the seam, and the length of the sealing gasket is smaller than the length of the seam.

Elasticity shutoff piece includes first segmentation, first segmentation both ends are connected with the second segmentation respectively, first segmentation spanes in the seam outside and respectively with the upper surface connection of two sections of jurisdiction, set up two slots that run through each other with the seam in the section of jurisdiction, two slots are in sealed both ends of filling up respectively, two second segmentations can stretch into in the slot, elasticity shutoff piece, enclose between sealed pad and two sealed faces and close the pressurization space that forms can communicate external pressure water source, elasticity shutoff piece outside is equipped with counter-force structure, with the deformation of restriction elasticity shutoff piece.

The loading mechanism is used for applying load to the segment.

In order to realize the water supply and drainage of the elastic plugging piece in the embodiment, the water inlet 15 is formed in the corresponding positions of the first section and the reaction cover, and the water inlet 15 penetrates through the reaction cover and the elastic plugging piece, so that the pressurizing space can be communicated with the external environment. The water inlet 15 is communicated with a water supply system 21 through a water pipe 22, the water pipe is a high-pressure-resistant water pipe, and the water supply system 21 can provide a pressure water source and keep the water pressure constant.

And a sealing gasket groove 4 is respectively arranged at the corresponding position of the two sealing surfaces, and the shape and the size of the sealing gasket groove 4 are matched with those of a sealing gasket. Two sealed pad recesses 4 set up relatively, paste a sealed pad in every sealed pad recess 4, two sealed relative sides of filling up extrude each other in order to accomplish sealed.

Adopt two sealed pads in this embodiment, for the combination of current font sealed pad recess 4 of returning and sealed pad, sealed pad can't form the pressurized space alone, and the elasticity shutoff piece in this scheme is used for the sealed formation of accomplishing the pressurized space of filling up of cooperation.

The sealing gasket can only realize the plugging of one side surface of the pressurizing space, and the other side surfaces are plugged by the elastic plugging piece and the sealing surface. The elastic plugging piece is an elastic body with certain deformation capacity, the contact surface of the elastic plugging piece and the duct piece is compressed by the counter-force cover to realize sealing, and the parts of the elastic plugging piece, which are positioned at the two ends of the sealing gasket and attached to the sealing gasket, are compressed by the sealing pressure plate to realize sealing.

In this embodiment, the elastic plugging member includes a first segment and a second segment, and the elastic plugging member should be an integral structure, and is divided into different segments only for convenience of description.

In this embodiment, two ends of the first segment are respectively connected with the second segment, so that the elastic plugging piece is in a shape of a Chinese character 'men'. To first segmentation itself, it can be for the omega shape that shows in this disclosure's attached drawing, and omega shape structure makes the internal face of first segmentation can keep away from the certain distance of seam, is convenient for enlarge the size in pressurization space for the pressurized water in the pressurization space has more parts to be in the outside of seam completely, and the more effectual simulation section of jurisdiction joint receives the condition of section of jurisdiction outside groundwater attack.

In order to realize the sealing between the elastic plugging piece and the duct piece, the two ends of the first segment in the elastic plugging piece are respectively pressed in the upper surface mounting grooves 20 of the two duct pieces, and the fixing is realized by adopting corresponding bolt fasteners.

Specifically, the first segment crosses two ends of the seam to form a plane part respectively, corresponding mounting grooves 20 are arranged at the adjacent ends of the pipe piece, and the mounting grooves 20 are used for mounting the plane parts.

The above-mentioned counter-force structure is used to provide a counter-force to the elastic closing member, and in the absence of the counter-force structure, the pressurized water in the pressurized space would damage the elastic closing member.

The following counterforce structure of describing first segmentation and second segmentation department respectively, for the counterforce effect of realizing first segmentation, the counterforce structure is including establishing the counterforce cover 16 of keeping away from pressurization space one side at first segmentation, and the counterforce cover 16 is including first counterforce cover and the second counterforce cover that links firmly with two pipe pieces respectively, and first counterforce cover is articulated with second counterforce cover and axis of rotation is on a parallel with sealed 5. The shape and size of the reaction cover 16 are adapted to the first segment, and the reaction cover 16 and the first segment are fixed to the two segments by bolt fasteners. Specifically, the first reaction force cover and the second reaction force cover are connected by a hinge 17.

In this embodiment, the reaction force cover also has an omega-shaped structure as a whole, and is adapted to the case where the first segment is omega-shaped. Moreover, in the embodiment, because the two ends of the reaction cover are respectively fixedly connected with the two segments through the bolt fasteners, when the two segments are subjected to external force, the external force can be transmitted to the reaction cover, so that the reaction cover does not obstruct the free deformation of the segment joint, in the embodiment, the reaction cover is set into a first reaction cover and a second reaction cover which are hinged with each other, the structural size of the first reaction cover is the same as that of the second reaction cover, and the two reaction covers are symmetrically arranged about a hinge axis (namely, the rotation axis after the hinge).

In order to achieve the counter-force effect of the second section, the counter-force structure further comprises a sealing pressure plate 19, wherein the sealing pressure plate 19 can be inserted into the slot and is positioned on the side of the second section away from the pressurized space.

In this embodiment, sealed the both ends that fill up and do not extend to the seam completely, if will extend to the both ends of seam and can make second segmentation and sealed clamp plate be in the outside of seam in the corresponding elasticity shutoff piece, be not convenient for carry out the sealed of sealed pad both ends for elasticity shutoff piece is in the sealed easy infiltration of this position.

The slot of every one end of sealed pad comprises two parts, and plug-in groove is including setting up the half groove at different sections of jurisdiction respectively, and two half grooves dock mutually and form a complete slot.

In this embodiment, the sealing surface, the elastic plugging member, the sealing pad and the counter-force structure together form a water sealing system 14.

After the segment joint is installed, a corresponding workbench is required to support, and a loading mechanism is required to apply corresponding load to the segment so as to simulate the working condition that the segment joint in the actual shield tunnel is subjected to external load.

In this embodiment, corresponding workstation adopts support frame 8, installs axial loading subassembly in the support frame 8, and axial loading subassembly can connect respectively in the terminal surface department that two segments kept away from the seam to provide the pulling pressure to the segment, with the distance that changes between two sealed faces. It will be understood that in the present disclosure reference is made to the concept of an axial loading assembly, where axial refers to the direction of extension of the two segments, i.e., the direction perpendicular to the sealing surfaces in the event that the segment joint is not deformed under load. The axial loading assembly applies an external force in this direction.

Specifically, the axial loading assembly comprises a linear driving part and a fixed seat, and the linear driving part and the fixed seat are fixed through a supporting frame respectively. The linear driving piece and the fixed seat are arranged at two ends of the two pipe pieces. In this embodiment, the linear driving element may adopt a hydraulic cylinder (i.e., the first cylinder 9), the cylinder body of the first cylinder 9 is fixedly connected to the support frame, the first loading plate 7 is fixed at the piston rod of the first cylinder 9, and the first loading plate 7 is connected to the duct piece, so as to implement uniform loading. The fixing seat is connected with another duct piece.

More specifically, the section of jurisdiction includes first section of jurisdiction 1 and second section of jurisdiction 2, and the length of first section of jurisdiction 1 is the twice of second section of jurisdiction 2 length to improve bending-resistant shear deformation test ability. The first segment 1 can be hinged or fixedly connected with the first loading plate, and the second segment 2 can be hinged or fixedly connected with the fixed support.

When fixed connection is realized to needs, directly with the section of jurisdiction with first loading plate, fixing base through predetermined screw and bolt link firmly can, also can adopt other fixed connection modes such as buckle connection. When the hinge joint is needed, a hinge connecting piece, such as a hinge, can be arranged between the duct piece and the first loading plate and between the duct piece and the fixed seat. Two leaves of the hinge are respectively and fixedly connected with a first duct piece and a first loading plate; or the two blades are respectively fixedly connected with the second duct piece and the fixed seat. The direction of the axis of rotation of the articulated connection here is parallel to the plane of the tube sheet and to the sealing surface.

And a vertical loading assembly is arranged at the position of the support frame 8, and can apply pulling pressure on the pipe piece along the direction vertical to the pipe piece so as to enable the joint to bear shearing force or bending moment. In this embodiment, the vertical loading component is referred to as: the loading assembly provides a load in a direction perpendicular to the segment (i.e., perpendicular to the loading direction of the axial loading assembly, parallel to the sealing surface) without deformation of the segment joint.

To facilitate the conversion of the vertical loading assembly between applying shear and bending moments, the vertical loading assembly can be translated and fixed along the direction of segment extension.

In this embodiment, the vertical loading assembly employs a hydraulic cylinder (i.e., the second cylinder 12), the axis of the piston rod in the second cylinder 12 is perpendicular to the segment, and in order to support the second cylinder 12, a horizontal beam 10 is disposed at the lower portion of the support frame, and the horizontal beam 10 is parallel to the extending direction (the direction perpendicular to the sealing surface) of the segment. Be provided with bolt regulation hole 11 on this crossbeam 10, the cylinder body of second hydro-cylinder 12 is close to crossbeam 10 and sets up and link firmly with different bolt regulation holes 11 on the crossbeam 10 through the bolt, when the position of the perpendicular loading subassembly of needs regulation, only need with second hydro-cylinder 12 along crossbeam 10 remove to the settlement position and then utilize the bolt to correspond bolt hole and bolt regulation hole 11 on the cylinder body of second hydro-cylinder 12 and screw up the bolt can.

In order to realize uniform load application, the piston rod of the second cylinder 12 is fixed to the second load plate 13. When the second cylinder 12 only needs to provide pressure to the tube sheet to convert into shearing force and bending moment, the second loading plate 13 is in contact with the first tube sheet. When the second cylinder 12 only needs to provide tension towards the beam 10 for the duct piece, some connecting seats can be welded in advance below the first duct piece, screw holes are reserved in the connecting seats to match with the screw holes and the bolt pieces at the second loading plate 13, and screw holes can also be directly formed in the first duct piece.

In this embodiment, the seal pressing plate includes two wedge boards, and the inclined plane of two wedge boards is laminated mutually, and two sides that deviate from with the inclined plane in two wedge boards are parallel to each other, can slide and change the thickness of seal pressing plate along the inclined plane between two wedge boards. In order to realize the adjustment of the thickness of the sealing pressure plate, the larger ends of the two wedge-shaped plates are respectively fixed with the connecting frame through bolts, the two wedge-shaped plates can be close to or far away from each other through rotating the bolts, the thickness of the sealing pressure plate is adjusted, and the sealing and the dismounting of the second section are convenient to realize.

When the axial loading assembly and the vertical loading assembly both adopt hydraulic cylinders (the first oil cylinder 9 and the second oil cylinder 12), a corresponding hydraulic system 23 is arranged, and the hydraulic system 23 drives the first oil cylinder 9 and the second oil cylinder 12 to move. In other embodiments, the hydraulic cylinder may be replaced with other linear driving members such as an electric push rod or a linear guide rail under the condition that the use requirement is met, and the specific installation manner may be set by a person skilled in the art, and will not be described herein again.

In this embodiment, a control cabinet 25 is provided, and the control cabinet 25 can control the movement of the solenoid valves and the movement of the oil pump in the hydraulic system 23. The hydraulic system 23 supplies the hydraulic cylinders with liquid via hydraulic lines 24. The water supply system and the hydraulic system are provided with sensor groups for controlling and acquiring data such as water pressure, loading force, displacement and the like. The sensor group can transmit data information to the control cabinet.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a method for testing water leakage of a shield tunnel segment joint, which utilizes the device for testing water leakage of the shield segment joint in the embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:

step 1, adhering a sealing gasket, assembling the duct pieces, and fixing the duct pieces in a support frame;

step 2, installing a water sealing system 14, and sequentially installing an elastic plugging piece, a counter-force cover and a sealing pressure plate on the pipe sheet;

step 3, connecting the water inlet 15 with a water pipe 22, and enabling the water pressure to reach an experimental value through a water supply system 21;

step 4, adjusting the position of a second oil cylinder 12, controlling a first oil cylinder 9 and the second oil cylinder 12 to apply axial and vertical loading force to the segment through a hydraulic system 23, simulating the tensile compression, shearing and bending effects of a segment joint, and researching the deformation and water leakage conditions of the segment joint;

the method comprises the following steps that a segment joint is simulated to be pulled and pressed, when a segment joint is opened and compressed to deform, the fixed seat and the first loading plate 7 are fixedly connected with a second segment and a first segment through bolts, and only the first oil cylinder 9 is loaded at the moment;

simulating that a segment joint is sheared up and down, when a segment joint is dislocated and deformed, connecting a fixed seat with a second segment through a bolt, hinging a first loading plate 7 with the first segment, and loading a second oil cylinder 12 on the first segment through a second loading plate 13;

when the segment joint is simulated to be bent, the fixed seat, the first loading plate 7, the second segment and the first segment are connected in a hinged mode, and the second oil cylinder 12 is loaded on a joint of the second segment and the first segment through the second loading plate 13;

step 5, slowly loading until the sealing gasket of the segment joint leaks, and stopping loading;

step 6, detecting the tension and pressure of the two oil cylinders by monitoring the oil pressure through the control cabinet 25, detecting the displacement of the oil cylinders, and obtaining data such as joint pressure, joint opening, slab staggering amount and the like;

and 7, changing the loading force, and repeating the steps (4) - (6) to obtain the relation between the joint stress-opening amount/dislocation amount-leakage water.

Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A shield segment joint water leakage experimental device is characterized by comprising an elastic plugging piece, two segments which are spliced and a loading mechanism which loads to the segments, wherein the opposite side surfaces of the two segments form sealing surfaces, a joint is formed between the two sealing surfaces, a sealing gasket is arranged in the joint, and the length of the sealing gasket is less than that of the joint;

the elastic plugging piece comprises a first section, two ends of the first section are connected with second sections respectively, the first section stretches over the outside of the joint and is connected with the upper surfaces of the two pipe pieces respectively, the pipe pieces are provided with slots which are mutually penetrated and vertical to the joint at two ends of the sealing pad respectively, the second sections stretch into the slots, a pressurizing space which can be communicated with an external pressure water source is formed by enclosing the elastic plugging piece, the sealing pad and the sealing surface, and a counter-force structure is arranged outside the elastic plugging piece.

2. The experimental device for water leakage of a shield segment joint according to claim 1, wherein the reaction structure comprises a reaction cover arranged on one side of the first segment, which is far away from the pressurized space, the reaction cover comprises a first reaction cover and a second reaction cover which are fixedly connected with the two segments respectively, the first reaction cover is hinged with the second reaction cover, and the rotation axis of the first reaction cover is parallel to the sealing gasket.

3. The experimental facility for water leakage of a shield segment joint according to claim 2, wherein the counterforce structure further comprises a sealing pressing plate, and the sealing pressing plate can be inserted into the insertion groove and is positioned on one side of the second segment away from the pressurizing space.

4. The experimental device for water leakage of the shield segment joint according to claim 1, further comprising a support frame, wherein an axial loading assembly is installed in the support frame, and the axial loading assembly can provide a pulling pressure to the segment so as to change the distance between the two sealing surfaces.

5. The experimental device for the shield segment joint water leakage according to claim 1 or 4, further comprising a vertical loading assembly supported by the support frame, wherein the vertical loading assembly can apply a pulling pressure on the segment in a direction perpendicular to the segment, so that the segment joint generates a shearing force and a bending moment.

6. The shield segment joint water leakage experimental facility as claimed in claim 5, wherein the vertical loading assembly can be translated and fixed along the segment extension direction.

7. The experimental facility for water leakage of a shield segment joint according to claim 1, wherein the shape and size of the reaction cover are adapted to the first segment, and the reaction cover and the first segment are fixed to the two segments by bolt fasteners, respectively.

8. The experimental device for the shield segment joint leakage water as claimed in claim 4 or 6, wherein the segment comprises a first segment and a second segment, the axial loading assembly comprises a linear driving member and a fixing seat which are fixed through a supporting frame, the linear driving member is fixed with the first loading plate, the first segment can be hinged or fixedly connected with the first loading plate, and the second segment can be hinged or fixedly connected with the fixing seat.

9. The shield segment joint water leakage experimental device according to claim 1, wherein the sealing pressing plate comprises two wedge-shaped plates which are attached to each other on inclined surfaces, can slide along the inclined surfaces and are fixed, and two side surfaces of the two wedge-shaped plates, which are deviated from the inclined surfaces, are parallel.

10. A shield tunnel segment joint water leakage experiment method, which utilizes the shield segment joint water leakage experiment device of any one of claims 1-9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

adhering a sealing gasket, assembling the two pipe pieces, and supporting the two pipe pieces through a supporting frame;

installing an elastic plugging piece and a counter-force structure to form a pressurizing space, and communicating the pressurizing space with an external pressure water source to enable the water pressure in the pressurizing space to reach an experimental value;

applying external force vertical to a sealing surface and vertical to the duct piece through a loading mechanism, simulating the tensile compression, shearing and bending effects of a duct piece joint, and observing the deformation and water leakage conditions of the duct piece joint and the pressure, opening and dislocation data of the joint;