CN113028665A - Water chilling unit - Google Patents

Water chilling unit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113028665A
CN113028665A CN201911348712.1A CN201911348712A CN113028665A CN 113028665 A CN113028665 A CN 113028665A CN 201911348712 A CN201911348712 A CN 201911348712A CN 113028665 A CN113028665 A CN 113028665A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cooling water
refrigerant
inlet
evaporator
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201911348712.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
任滔
柴婷
宋强
王冰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Qingdao Haier Air Conditioning Electric Co Ltd
Haier Smart Home Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Qingdao Haier Air Conditioning Electric Co Ltd
Haier Smart Home Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qingdao Haier Air Conditioning Electric Co Ltd, Haier Smart Home Co Ltd filed Critical Qingdao Haier Air Conditioning Electric Co Ltd
Priority to CN201911348712.1A priority Critical patent/CN113028665A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/128951 priority patent/WO2021129226A1/en
Publication of CN113028665A publication Critical patent/CN113028665A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/02—Subcoolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/06—Superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/28—Means for preventing liquid refrigerant entering into the compressor

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water chilling units, and aims to solve the problem that the filling amount of a refrigerant cannot be obviously reduced by adopting a falling film evaporator in the existing water chilling unit. The invention provides a water chilling unit which comprises an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, a subcooler and a superheater, wherein the condenser, the subcooler, the evaporator, the superheater and the compressor form a closed-loop refrigerant circulation loop, the water chilling unit also comprises a first cooling water inlet pipe, a second cooling water inlet pipe, a first cooling water connecting pipe and a second cooling water connecting pipe, the first cooling water inlet pipe is respectively connected with the condenser and the subcooler, the first cooling water connecting pipe is connected between the subcooler and the condenser, the second cooling water inlet pipe is respectively connected with the evaporator and the superheater, and the second cooling water connecting pipe is connected between the superheater and the evaporator. The invention can greatly reduce the refrigerant filling amount of the water chilling unit and obviously reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.

Description

Water chilling unit
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water chilling units, and particularly provides a water chilling unit.
Background
The water chilling unit comprises an air-cooled water chilling unit and a water-cooled water chilling unit, wherein a refrigerant (gas with high greenhouse effect) such as R134a is widely adopted in the water-cooled water chilling unit, the water-cooled screw unit and the water-cooled magnetic suspension unit both need a large amount of refrigerant filling amount to ensure the normal operation of the system, the refrigerant filling amount is usually 200kg to 1000kg, and about 90% of refrigerant is distributed in an evaporator and a condenser in the water-cooled screw unit and the water-cooled magnetic suspension unit. By reducing the refrigerant charge in the system, greenhouse gas emissions can be significantly reduced.
In the prior art, a method for reducing the refrigerant charge amount is to change a traditional flooded evaporator into a falling film evaporator, and the method can reduce the refrigerant charge amount of a system by about 25% and is very limited. The main reason is that about 50% of refrigerant in the system is in the condenser (because the refrigerant needs to be supercooled at the bottom of the condenser, a large amount of refrigerant is accumulated, if no supercooling is at the bottom, the energy efficiency of the system is obviously reduced, and because the gas-liquid two-phase flow enters the electronic expansion valve, the system is unstable), the amount of refrigerant in the condenser cannot be changed by replacing the falling film evaporator, and even if the falling film evaporator is adopted, a certain liquid-full area is also arranged in the evaporator, a large amount of refrigerant still exists (because if the liquid-full area is directly removed, the heat exchange is poor after the refrigerant enters high dryness, and the gas easily carries liquid particles to enter the compressor, so that the liquid impact occurs to the compressor).
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a new water chiller to address the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, namely to solve the problem that the filling amount of a refrigerant cannot be obviously reduced by adopting a falling film evaporator in the existing water chilling unit, the invention provides the water chilling unit, which comprises an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, a subcooler and a superheater, wherein the condenser, the subcooler, the evaporator, the superheater and the compressor form a closed refrigerant circulation loop, the water chilling unit further comprises a first cooling water inlet pipe, a second cooling water inlet pipe, a first cooling water connecting pipe and a second cooling water connecting pipe, the first cooling water inlet pipe is respectively connected with the condenser and the subcooler, the first cooling water connecting pipe is connected between the subcooler and the condenser, the second cooling water inlet pipe is respectively connected with the evaporator and the superheater, and the second cooling water connecting pipe is connected between the superheater and the evaporator.
In a preferred technical solution of the above water chilling unit, the subcooler includes a first housing and a first tube group disposed in the first housing, the first housing is provided with a first refrigerant inlet, a first refrigerant outlet, a first cooling water inlet and a first cooling water outlet, the inlet of the first tube group is communicated with the refrigerant outlet of the condenser through the first refrigerant inlet, the outlet of the first tube group is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator through the first refrigerant outlet, the first cooling water inlet is communicated with the first cooling water inlet tube, the first cooling water outlet is communicated with the first cooling water connecting tube, the first refrigerant inlet is disposed near the first cooling water outlet, and the first refrigerant outlet is disposed near the first cooling water inlet, so that a flow direction of cooling water in the first housing is opposite to a flow direction of refrigerants in the first tube group.
In the preferred technical scheme of the water chilling unit, the superheater comprises a second shell and a second pipe group arranged in the second shell, a second refrigerant inlet, a second refrigerant outlet, a second cooling water inlet and a second cooling water outlet are formed in the second shell, the inlet of the second pipe group is communicated with the second cooling water inlet pipe through the second cooling water inlet, the outlet of the second pipe group is communicated with the second cooling water connecting pipe through the second cooling water outlet, the second refrigerant inlet is communicated with the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator, and the second refrigerant outlet is communicated with the inlet of the compressor.
In a preferred embodiment of the water chilling unit, the second coolant inlet is disposed near the second cooling water outlet, and the second coolant outlet is disposed near the second cooling water inlet, so that a flow direction of the coolant in the second housing is opposite to a flow direction of the cooling water in the second tube group.
In a preferred embodiment of the water chilling unit, the second refrigerant inlet is disposed near the second cooling water inlet, and the second refrigerant outlet is disposed near the second cooling water outlet, so that a flow direction of the refrigerant in the second housing is the same as a flow direction of the cooling water in the second tube group.
In the above preferred technical solution of the water chilling unit, the condenser includes a first condensation pipe group, a second condensation pipe group, and a first communication structure communicating the first condensation pipe group with the second condensation pipe group, the first condensation pipe group is communicated with the first cooling water inlet pipe, and the first communication structure is communicated with the first cooling water connecting pipe.
In a preferred embodiment of the water chilling unit, the first condensation pipe group is disposed above the second condensation pipe group.
In the above preferred technical solution of the water chilling unit, the evaporator includes a first evaporation pipe group, a second evaporation pipe group, and a second communicating structure communicating the first evaporation pipe group with the second evaporation pipe group, the first evaporation pipe group is communicated with the second cooling water inlet pipe, and the second communicating structure is communicated with the second cooling water connecting pipe.
In a preferred embodiment of the water chilling unit, the first evaporating tube bank is disposed above the second evaporating tube bank.
In the preferred technical scheme of the water chilling unit, the evaporator is a shell-and-tube evaporator, and the condenser is a shell-and-tube condenser.
The technical scheme includes that the subcooler and the superheater are arranged, the subcooler can subcool a low-dryness refrigerant which is not completely condensed after the refrigerant comes out of the condenser, so that the low-dryness refrigerant is changed into a fully liquid refrigerant, the influence on the energy efficiency and the stability of a system is avoided, the superheater can overheat a high-dryness refrigerant which is not completely overheated after the refrigerant comes out of the evaporator, so that the refrigerant is changed into a fully gas refrigerant, and the liquid impact of the compressor is avoided. Meanwhile, a part of cooling water is led to the subcooler, and the cooling water enters the condenser to further exchange heat with the refrigerant in the condenser after exchanging heat with the two-phase refrigerant with low dryness; and part of the cooling water is led to the superheater, and the cooling water enters the evaporator after exchanging heat with the high-dryness two-phase refrigerant and then further exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the evaporator. Through such setting, the condenser does not need to set up the subcooling pipe alone again, does not need the hydrops in the condenser, does not need to set up the full liquid district again in the evaporimeter, and the refrigerant in condenser and the evaporimeter all can show and reduce to make the refrigerant charge volume of system reduce by a wide margin, show ground reduction greenhouse gas emission.
Further, the subcooler adopts the countercurrent trend (the flow direction of refrigerant is opposite with the flow direction of cooling water promptly), thereby guarantee sufficient subcooling, and the refrigerant in the subcooler walks the pipe side, the cooling water walks the shell side, thereby be convenient for adjust pipe diameter and around the pipe figure, so that reasonable in design's velocity of flow, strengthen the heat transfer of liquid refrigerant and pipe, and the pipe diameter can reduce as far as possible, make the volume in the whole subcooler accomplish very little, thereby both guarantee that the subcooler has less heat transfer area and guarantee refrigerant export subcooling, reduce refrigerant charge simultaneously.
Further, the over heater adopts the following current to move towards (the flow direction of refrigerant is the same with the flow direction of cooling water) or moves towards (the flow direction of refrigerant is opposite with the flow direction of cooling water) against the current (promptly), thereby guarantee suitable superheat degree, and the cooling water in the over heater walks the pipe side, the shell side is walked to the refrigerant, make along with going on of heat transfer, the liquid refrigerant of high quality evaporates gradually for gaseous, just so the over heater is inside just can not have the refrigerant to gather, simultaneously because the resistance of shell side is less, can not influence the heat exchange efficiency of system, thereby both guarantee that the over heater has less heat transfer area and guarantee refrigerant export superheat degree, reduce the refrigerant volume of filling simultaneously.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the water chiller of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the subcooler of the present invention (counter-current orientation);
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the superheater of the invention (counter-current run);
FIG. 4 is a schematic (co-current) view of the superheater of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Based on the problem that the prior water chilling unit adopting a falling film evaporator can not obviously reduce the refrigerant filling amount, the invention provides the water chilling unit, aiming at greatly reducing the refrigerant filling amount of the water chilling unit and obviously reducing the emission of greenhouse gases.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the chiller of the present invention includes an evaporator 1, a condenser 2, a compressor 3, a subcooler 4 and a superheater 5, the condenser 2, the subcooler 4, the evaporator 1, the superheater 5 and the compressor 3 form a closed-loop refrigerant circulation loop, the chiller further includes a first cooling water inlet pipe 6, a second cooling water inlet pipe 7, a first cooling water connecting pipe 8 and a second cooling water connecting pipe 9, the first cooling water inlet pipe 6 is connected to the condenser 2 and the subcooler 4, the first cooling water connecting pipe 8 is connected between the subcooler 4 and the condenser 2, the second cooling water inlet pipe 7 is connected to the evaporator 1 and the superheater 5, and the second cooling water connecting pipe 9 is connected between the superheater 5 and the evaporator 1. The evaporator 1 is a shell-and-tube evaporator, and the condenser 2 is a shell-and-tube condenser. Referring to fig. 1, a condenser 2, a subcooler 4, an evaporator 1, a superheater 5 and a compressor 3 are connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circulation loop, and a throttling element such as an electronic expansion valve is arranged between the subcooler 4 and the evaporator 1. Subcooler 4 can carry out the subcooling to the refrigerant that condenser 2 flows for low-quality refrigerant is whole to be changed into liquid refrigerant, avoids influencing system efficiency and stability, and over heater 5 can be overheated to the refrigerant that evaporimeter 1 flows out, makes high-quality refrigerant whole to be changed into gaseous state refrigerant, avoids compressor 3 to take place the liquid attack. The water (generally 30 degrees centigrade but not limited to the temperature) in the first cooling water inlet pipe 6 respectively enters the condenser 2 and the subcooler 4, the cooling water in the subcooler 4 enters the condenser 2 through the first cooling water connecting pipe 8 after exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the subcooler 4 to continue exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the condenser 2, and due to the arrangement of the subcooler 4, a subcooling pipe does not need to be arranged in the condenser 2, and the refrigerant amount of the condenser 2 can be reduced. The water in the second cooling water inlet pipe 7 (generally 12 degrees centigrade but not limited to the temperature) enters the evaporator 1 and the superheater 5 respectively, the cooling water in the superheater 5 enters the evaporator 1 through the second cooling water connecting pipe 9 after exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the superheater 5 to continue exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the evaporator 1, and due to the arrangement of the superheater 5, a liquid full area does not need to be arranged in the evaporator 1, and the refrigerant amount of the evaporator 1 can be reduced. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant in the chiller is greatly reduced by the common reduction of the refrigerant in the evaporator 1 and the refrigerant in the condenser 2.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the subcooler 4 includes a first housing 41 and a first tube group 42 disposed in the first housing 41, the first housing 41 is provided with a first refrigerant inlet 411, a first refrigerant outlet 412, a first cooling water inlet 413 and a first cooling water outlet 414, an inlet of the first tube group 42 is communicated with the refrigerant outlet of the condenser 2 through the first refrigerant inlet 411, an outlet of the first tube group 42 is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 1 through the first refrigerant outlet 412, the first cooling water inlet 413 is communicated with the first cooling water inlet tube 6, the first cooling water outlet 414 is communicated with the first cooling water connecting tube 8, the first refrigerant inlet 411 is disposed near the first cooling water outlet 414, and the first refrigerant outlet 412 is disposed near the first cooling water inlet 413, so that the flow direction of the cooling water in the first housing 41 is opposite to the flow direction of the refrigerant in the first tube group 42. That is, the low-quality refrigerant flowing out of the condenser 2 enters the first tube group 42 through the refrigerant outlet of the condenser 2, the first refrigerant inlet 411 and the inlet of the first tube group 42 in this order, the refrigerant in the first tube group 42 enters the evaporator 1 through the outlet of the first tube group 42, the first refrigerant outlet 412 and the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 1 in this order, a part of the water in the first cooling water inlet tube 6 enters the condenser 2, another part of the water enters the first housing 41 through the first cooling water inlet 413, and the cooling water in the first housing 41 enters the first cooling water connecting tube 8 through the first cooling water outlet 414. Therefore, for the subcooler 4, the refrigerant is on the tube side (i.e. in the tube), the cooling water is on the shell side (i.e. outside the shell), and the first refrigerant inlet 411 is disposed near the first cooling water outlet 414 and the first refrigerant outlet 412 is disposed near the first cooling water inlet 413, so that the flow direction of the cooling water in the first shell 41 is opposite to the flow direction of the refrigerant in the first tube bank 42, i.e. the flow direction of the refrigerant is opposite to the flow direction of the cooling water, and the subcooling degree can be greatly increased, generally to 3 to 5 ℃. All the pipes of the first pipe group 42 may be in the form of spirally wound pipes, so as to achieve sufficient heat exchange between the refrigerant in the pipes and the cooling water in the first casing 41. Of course, all of the tubes of the first tube set 42 may also take other tube winding forms (e.g., a multi-plane arrangement).
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the superheater 5 includes a second casing 51 and a second tube group 52 disposed in the second casing 51, the second casing 51 is provided with a second refrigerant inlet 511, a second refrigerant outlet 512, a second cooling water inlet 513 and a second cooling water outlet 514, an inlet of the second tube group 52 is communicated with the second cooling water inlet tube 7 through the second cooling water inlet 513, an outlet of the second tube group 52 is communicated with the second cooling water connection tube 9 through the second cooling water outlet 514, the second refrigerant inlet 511 is communicated with the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 1, and the second refrigerant outlet 512 is communicated with the inlet of the compressor 3. That is, the high-quality refrigerant flowing out of the evaporator 1 sequentially passes through the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 1 and the second refrigerant inlet 511 to enter the second housing 51, the refrigerant in the second housing 51 sequentially passes through the second refrigerant outlet 512 and the air inlet of the compressor 3 to enter the compressor 3, a part of the water in the second cooling water inlet pipe 7 enters the evaporator 1, the other part of the water sequentially passes through the second cooling water inlet 513 and the inlet of the second pipe group 52 to enter the second pipe group 52, and the cooling water in the second pipe group 52 sequentially passes through the outlet of the second pipe group 52 and the second cooling water outlet 514 to enter the second cooling water connecting pipe 9. Thus, the superheater 5 has the cooling water on the tube side (i.e., inside the tube) and the refrigerant on the shell side (i.e., outside the tube inside the shell). All the pipes of the second pipe set 52 may be in the form of spirally wound pipes, so as to achieve sufficient heat exchange between the cooling water in the pipes and the refrigerant in the second shell 51. Of course, all the tubes of the second tube set 52 may also be in other tube winding forms (e.g., multi-plane arrangement). In one possible case, referring to fig. 3, the second refrigerant inlet 511 is disposed adjacent to the second cooling water outlet 514 and the second refrigerant outlet 512 is disposed adjacent to the second cooling water inlet 513, so that the flow direction of the refrigerant in the second case 51 is opposite to the flow direction of the cooling water in the second tube group 52. In another possible case, referring to fig. 4, the second refrigerant inlet 511 is disposed adjacent to the second cooling water inlet 513 and the second refrigerant outlet 512 is disposed adjacent to the second cooling water outlet 514, so that the flow direction of the refrigerant in the second case 51 is the same as the flow direction of the cooling water in the second tube group 52. It should be noted that, compared to the subcooler 4, the superheat degree (generally 1 to 3 degrees celsius) of the superheater 5 is less strict than the requirement of the subcooler 4, so the superheater 5 may have a counter-flow direction or a forward-flow direction.
Preferably, the condenser 2 includes a first condensation tube group 21, a second condensation tube group 22, and a first communication structure 23 for communicating the first condensation tube group 21 with the second condensation tube group 22, the first condensation tube group 21 is communicated with the first cooling water inlet tube 6, the first communication structure 23 is communicated with the first cooling water connecting tube 8, and the second condensation tube group 22 is communicated with the cooling water outlet of the condenser 2. The first condensation pipe group 21 forms a first condensation flow of the condenser 2, the second condensation pipe group 22 forms a second condensation flow of the condenser 2, cooling water subjected to heat exchange by the subcooler 4 enters the first communicating structure 23 through the first cooling water connecting pipe 8 and is mixed with cooling water subjected to heat exchange by the first condensation pipe group 21 in the first communicating structure 23, and the cooling water mixed in the first communicating structure 23 simultaneously enters the second condensation pipe group 22 to continuously exchange heat with a refrigerant. The first communication structure 23 may be a communication chamber formed in the housing of the condenser 2, or a communication box externally connected to the housing of the condenser 2. Alternatively, the first communication structure 23 may not be provided, and the first cooling water connection pipe 8 may be directly connected between the first condensation pipe group 21 and the second condensation pipe group 22. In a preferred case, the first condensation tube bank 21 is disposed above the second condensation tube bank 22.
Preferably, the evaporator 1 comprises a first evaporating tube group 11, a second evaporating tube group 12 and a second communicating structure 13 communicating the first evaporating tube group 11 with the second evaporating tube group 12, the first evaporating tube group 11 is communicated with the second cooling water inlet tube 7, and the second communicating structure 13 is communicated with the second cooling water connecting tube 9. The first evaporating pipe group 11 forms a first evaporating flow of the evaporator 1, the second evaporating pipe group 12 forms a second evaporating flow of the evaporator 1, cooling water subjected to heat exchange by the superheater 5 enters the second communicating structure 13 through the second cooling water connecting pipe 9 and is mixed with the cooling water subjected to heat exchange by the first evaporating pipe group 11 in the second communicating structure 13, and the cooling water mixed in the first communicating structure 23 simultaneously enters the second evaporating pipe group 12 to continuously exchange heat with a refrigerant. The first communication structure 23 may be a communication cavity formed in the housing of the evaporator 1, or a communication box externally connected to the housing of the evaporator 1. Alternatively, it is also possible to connect the second cooling water connection pipe 9 directly between the first and second evaporating pipe groups 11 and 12 without providing the second communication structure 13. In a preferred case, the first evaporator tube bank 11 is arranged above the second evaporator tube bank 12.
In the invention, the evaporator 1 is preferably a full falling film evaporator, the condenser 2 is preferably a two-phase film condenser, and through repeated experiments, analysis and comparison of the inventor, the refrigerant charge of the water chilling unit adopting the invention can be reduced by 90% at most compared with the existing water chilling unit adopting a flooded evaporator and a conventional condenser, and the refrigerant charge of the water chilling unit adopting the invention can be reduced by at least 80% compared with the existing water chilling unit adopting a falling film evaporator and a conventional condenser.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A water chilling unit is characterized by comprising an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, a subcooler and a superheater, wherein the condenser, the subcooler, the evaporator, the superheater and the compressor form a closed-loop refrigerant circulation loop,
the water chilling unit further comprises a first cooling water inlet pipe, a second cooling water inlet pipe, a first cooling water connecting pipe and a second cooling water connecting pipe, the first cooling water inlet pipe is respectively connected with the condenser and the subcooler, the first cooling water connecting pipe is connected with the subcooler and the condenser, the second cooling water inlet pipe is respectively connected with the evaporator and the superheater, and the second cooling water connecting pipe is connected with the superheater and the evaporator.
2. The water chilling unit according to claim 1, wherein the subcooler includes a first housing and a first tube set disposed in the first housing, the first housing is provided with a first refrigerant inlet, a first refrigerant outlet, a first cooling water inlet and a first cooling water outlet, the inlet of the first tube set is communicated with the refrigerant outlet of the condenser through the first refrigerant inlet, the outlet of the first tube set is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator through the first refrigerant outlet, the first cooling water inlet is communicated with the first cooling water inlet tube, and the first cooling water outlet is communicated with the first cooling water connecting tube,
the first coolant inlet is disposed adjacent to the first cooling water outlet, and the first coolant outlet is disposed adjacent to the first cooling water inlet, so that a flow direction of the cooling water in the first housing is opposite to a flow direction of the coolant in the first tube group.
3. The water chilling unit according to claim 1, wherein the superheater includes a second housing and a second tube group disposed in the second housing, the second housing is provided with a second refrigerant inlet, a second refrigerant outlet, a second cooling water inlet, and a second cooling water outlet, the inlet of the second tube group is communicated with the second cooling water inlet tube through the second cooling water inlet, the outlet of the second tube group is communicated with the second cooling water connecting tube through the second cooling water outlet, the second refrigerant inlet is communicated with the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator, and the second refrigerant outlet is communicated with the inlet of the compressor.
4. The chiller according to claim 3, wherein the second coolant inlet is disposed adjacent to the second cooling water outlet and the second coolant outlet is disposed adjacent to the second cooling water inlet such that a flow direction of the coolant in the second housing is opposite to a flow direction of the cooling water in the second bank.
5. The chiller according to claim 3, wherein the second coolant inlet is disposed adjacent to the second cooling water inlet and the second coolant outlet is disposed adjacent to the second cooling water outlet, such that a flow direction of the coolant in the second housing is the same as a flow direction of the cooling water in the second bank.
6. The water chilling unit according to claim 1, wherein the condenser includes a first condensation pipe group, a second condensation pipe group, and a first communication structure that communicates the first condensation pipe group with the second condensation pipe group, the first condensation pipe group communicates with the first cooling water inlet pipe, and the first communication structure communicates with the first cooling water connection pipe.
7. The chiller according to claim 6, wherein the first bank of condenser tubes is disposed above the second bank of condenser tubes.
8. The water chilling unit according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator includes a first evaporation pipe group, a second evaporation pipe group, and a second communication structure communicating the first evaporation pipe group with the second evaporation pipe group, the first evaporation pipe group communicating with the second cooling water inlet pipe, the second communication structure communicating with the second cooling water connecting pipe.
9. The chiller according to claim 8, wherein said first bank of evaporator tubes is disposed above said second bank of evaporator tubes.
10. The chiller according to any of claims 1-9 wherein the evaporator is a shell and tube evaporator and the condenser is a shell and tube condenser.
CN201911348712.1A 2019-12-24 2019-12-24 Water chilling unit Pending CN113028665A (en)

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DE102012204057A1 (en) * 2012-03-15 2013-09-19 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Heat exchanger for use in refrigerator utilized for storing food product in e.g. home, has housing for receiving gaseous refrigerant from evaporator, and drying chamber arranged in housing for receiving refrigerant from condenser
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CN103175347A (en) * 2013-03-13 2013-06-26 南京金典制冷实业有限公司 Heat exchanger with convertible flow path and application method thereof
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Application publication date: 20210625