CN113024212B - High-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness and C140 strength and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness and C140 strength and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113024212B
CN113024212B CN202011010538.2A CN202011010538A CN113024212B CN 113024212 B CN113024212 B CN 113024212B CN 202011010538 A CN202011010538 A CN 202011010538A CN 113024212 B CN113024212 B CN 113024212B
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strength
concrete
water
polyvinyl alcohol
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CN113024212A (en
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郑山锁
郑跃
阮升
龙立
郑捷
杨路
董立国
刘晓航
王斌
尚志刚
董晋琦
李磊
郑淏
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Xian University of Architecture and Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/141—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing dihydrated gypsum before the final hardening step, e.g. forming a dihydrated gypsum product followed by a de- and rehydration step
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/003—Methods for mixing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
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    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
    • C04B14/383—Whiskers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/38—Fibrous materials; Whiskers
    • C04B14/46—Rock wool ; Ceramic or silicate fibres
    • C04B14/4643—Silicates other than zircon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
    • C04B18/101—Burned rice husks or other burned vegetable material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
    • C04B18/146—Silica fume
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
    • C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
    • C04B18/248—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork from specific plants, e.g. hemp fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02—Treatment
    • C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
    • C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
    • C04B22/12—Acids or salts thereof containing halogen in the anion
    • C04B22/124—Chlorides of ammonium or of the alkali or alkaline earth metals, e.g. calcium chloride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/12—Nitrogen containing compounds organic derivatives of hydrazine
    • C04B24/122—Hydroxy amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B24/2623—Polyvinylalcohols; Polyvinylacetates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
    • C04B40/0254—Hardening in an enclosed space, e.g. in a flexible container
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00008—Obtaining or using nanotechnology related materials
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    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness and C140 strength and a preparation method thereof, wherein the mixing ratio comprises the following components: and (3) cement: sand: broken stone: fly ash: straw ash: silica fume: nano silicon: water: water reducing agent: exciting agent: defoaming agent: shrinkage reducing agent: ramie fiber: basalt fiber: caCO (CaCO) 3 Whisker: carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer = 430-435:720:980:80-85:65-70:35-40:3.7-4.3:115-120:13-14:13.5-14:2-2.4:10-11:5.5-5.7:9.3-9.6:17.9-18.2:21-23. Uniformly mixing the materials at intervals by a layered stirring method, discharging, forming and maintaining. The concrete mechanics and the bonding performance and the impermeability between the concrete mechanics and the profile steel are obviously enhanced, and the cooperative working capacity with the profile steel is further improved.

Description

High-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness and C140 strength and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and relates to a composite material which is doped with ramie fibers, basalt fibers and CaCO 3 Whisker, carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer, straw ash, fly ash, silica fume and nano silicon, and the concrete has higher toughness, high cohesiveness, high durability and high volume stability, and in particular relates to high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness and C140 strength and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In structural design, considering the demands of using functions, member rigidity and construction convenience, different grade concrete is generally adopted according to different stress conditions so as to meet the compressive strength, bending resistance and splitting tensile strength required by the members when the members are stressed and ensure the bonding strength of the concrete and steel for cooperative work. The concrete materials with different labels have different elastic moduli and different deformation properties, so that excessive or insufficient strength indexes can cause uncoordinated deformation of steel and concrete when the member is stressed, thereby causing that the two materials cannot fully cooperate or a certain material cannot fully exert mechanical properties, and causing material waste. The common concrete and the high-performance concrete materials have poor cracking resistance and large brittleness, and the brittleness characteristics are more obvious along with the improvement of the strength grade of the concrete, and in the high-stress or complex-stress state, concrete with a specific high strength grade is often needed to be used, for example, in different floors of a high-rise or super-high-rise structure, such as frame columns (especially corner columns) of a lower stress layer, shear walls, novel structural engineering and the like, the small strength index can cause the overlarge cross section of a component, so that the overlarge rigidity and fat beam are caused, the structure using function is limited, the overlarge strength index can cause the insufficient rigidity of the component or the waste of the material, therefore, the concrete with the C140 strength grade is sometimes needed to be used in consideration of the bearing capacity, the rigidity requirement, the economic benefit, the design requirement and the like, and the brittleness characteristics of the concrete can reduce the anti-seismic bearing capacity of the component and the structure, and even influence the safety and reliability of the structure. Meanwhile, with the gradual improvement of the mechanical properties of steel, the toughness, the deformation performance and the bonding performance of common concrete are difficult to meet the synergistic effect between the concrete and the profile steel.
The silica fume has excellent particle size and volcanic ash activity, is an important mineral admixture for preparing high-performance concrete, but has lower annual output in China, only has 3000t-4000t, can only meet the requirement of partial high-performance concrete, and limits the mass use of the silica fume. And the yield of straw per year is more than 7 hundred million t, which is the first place in the world. At present, only a small part of straws are used for power generation of biomass energy power plants, and most of straws are still naturally piled up or burned in the open air, so that resource waste and environmental pollution are caused. Straw ash generated by power generation of a power plant can cause secondary pollution to the environment if the straw ash is not properly developed and utilized. Along with the technological progress, the straw ash prepared by burning corn straw under proper conditions contains about 85 percent of amorphous SiO 2 And a certain amount of active Al 2 O 3 The content of the metal oxide K, na is less, the pozzolan effect and the micro aggregate filling effect can be fully exerted, and the metal oxide can be applied to concrete to improve the mechanical property.
The toughness of concrete and cement-based composite materials is generally improved by adding fibers, and the existing steel fibers and synthetic fibers are difficult to popularize in concrete engineering application due to complex process, high cost and low yield, so that the engineering community gradually starts to search for high-performance plant fibers with rich sources to replace the steel fibers and the synthetic fibers. The ramie fiber has high cellulose content, high strength, high toughness, high pH resistance, green and pollution-free performance, and can effectively replace the application of steel fibers and synthetic fibers in engineering. The method is mainly used for producing the ramie in China, and the yield of the ramie accounts for more than 90% of the world, so that the ramie fibers are convenient to obtain in China, low in price and high in popularization and application value. Meanwhile, because cracks with different sizes exist in the concrete, the optimal toughening effect cannot be achieved by adding single fibers.
Therefore, the development of the high-toughness high-cohesiveness concrete with the strength grade of C140, higher toughness, high cohesiveness, high durability, better cooperative deformability and capability of cooperating with high-performance steel is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness, high cohesiveness, high durability, high volume stability and better cooperative deformability, which is used in different floors of a high-rise or super-high-rise structure, including frame columns, shear walls of lower stress layers and novel structures, and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme disclosed by the invention is as follows: the high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness and C140 strength comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
430-435 parts of cement, 720 parts of sand, 980 parts of crushed stone, 80-85 parts of fly ash, 65-70 parts of straw ash, 35-40 parts of silica fume, 3.7-4.3 parts of nano silicon, 21-23 parts of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer, 115-120 parts of water, 13-14 parts of water reducer, 13.5-14 parts of excitant, 2-2.4 parts of defoamer, 10-11 parts of shrinkage reducer, 5.5-5.7 parts of ramie fiber, 9.3-9.6 parts of basalt fiber and CaCO 3 17.9-18.2 parts of whisker.
The cement is P O52.5R-grade ordinary Portland cement, and a cement variety with good compatibility with the polycarboxylic acid water reducer is selected.
The sand adopts the mass ratio of 9:1River sand with hard texture and high quality quartz sand with good grading, the fineness modulus of the river sand is 2.8-3.0, the silicon dioxide content in the quartz sand is not less than 98%, the grain diameter is 0.3-0.6mm, and the density is 2.62g/cm 3 。
The broken stone is prepared from limestone and basalt broken stone with good grading, compactness, hardness and rough surface in a mass ratio of 1:1, the particle size range is 5mm-15mm, and the broken stone with continuous particle size of 5-10mm and 10-15mm is mixed according to the mass ratio of 7:3.
The fly ash adopts high-quality class I fly ash of a power plant, the screen residue of a 45 mu m square hole screen is not more than 12%, the water demand ratio is not more than 95%, and the specific surface area is more than 400m 2 /kg。
The straw ash is prepared by burning the stems of mature corn straw at 600-820 deg.C, removing potassium, grinding for 20min with ball mill, and has a silica content of 82.3%, an average particle size of 6-15 μm, and a specific surface area of more than 10m 2 /g。
Further, the potassium removal treatment method comprises the following steps:
1) Placing the straw ash into distilled water for stirring and soaking, then standing, pouring out supernatant, continuously adding distilled water for stirring and soaking, and repeating the process for more than 5 times, wherein the soaking time lasts for one week;
2) Pouring out the supernatant liquid for the last time, heating to 90 ℃ with distilled water, preserving heat for 15-20min, adding distilled water for soaking after preserving heat, and repeating the step 1);
3) Repeating steps 1) and 2) twice in sequence;
4) Finally, the temperature is kept at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, and the supernatant is poured out and dried for standby.
The silica fume has silica content greater than 92%, average particle size of 0.1-0.26 μm and specific surface area greater than 20m 2 /g。
The nano silicon is high-purity nano silicon dioxide prepared by a gas phase method, the purity is more than 99%, the average particle size is 10nm-40nm, and the specific surface area is more than 130m 2 /g。
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducer, the solid content is 20%, the water reducing rate is more than 30%, and the compressive strength of concrete is not adversely affected.
The shrinkage reducing agent is SU-SRA type shrinkage reducing agent.
The defoaming agent is a Liqi X-2756 efficient concrete defoaming agent.
The exciting agent is an organic-inorganic composite exciting agent, and the composite exciting agent is prepared by compounding the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
50-58% of dihydrate gypsum, 40-48% of calcium chloride and 1.5-2% of triethanolamine.
The ramie fiber is refined dry ramie fiber after alkali treatment and drying, the length is 40-50mm, the diameter is 30-40 mu m, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1000MPa, the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 11.4GPa, the breaking elongation is 8.9%, and the specific gravity is 1.54-1.55g/cm 3 Has good hydrophilicity, high bond strength and acid and alkali resistance.
The basalt fiber has a length of 12mm, a diameter of 7-15 μm, a tensile strength of not less than 3000MPa, an elastic modulus of not less than 91GPa and a specific gravity of 2.63-2.65g/cm 3 ；
Said CaCO 3 The whisker length is 20-30 μm, the diameter is 0.5-2 μm, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 3000MPa, the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 410GPa, and the specific gravity is 2.86g/cm 3 。
The carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer is an organic polymer obtained by uniformly mixing carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol, water and an auxiliary agent, and comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
36-39% of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol, 60-63% of water and 1-1.5% of auxiliary agent;
further, the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol has a degree of polymerization of 2400, an alcoholysis degree of 99%, a carboxyl/hydroxyl molar ratio of 3/97, and a ph=7;
further, the auxiliary agent is polyacrylate defoamer;
further, the mixing and homogenizing method comprises the following steps: placing carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol into water, standing for 30min at normal temperature to fully swell, then placing into a constant temperature water tank at 95 ℃ for heating and dissolving, adding an auxiliary agent, continuously stirring until a uniform transparent solution is formed, and preserving heat for later use.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness and C140 strength, which comprises the following steps:
1) Adding 13-14 parts by mass of water reducer into water with two thirds of the total water amount, and marking as a mixed solution 1; adding 10-11 parts of weighed shrinkage reducing agent and 2-2.4 parts of defoamer into one third of the total water, marking as mixed solution 2, and preparing 21-23 parts of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer for later use; the total water quantity is 115-120 parts;
2) 5.5 to 5.7 parts of ramie fibers, 980 parts of broken stone, 720 parts of sand, 430 to 435 parts of cement, 80 to 85 parts of fly ash, 65 to 70 parts of straw ash, 35 to 40 parts of silica fume, 3.7 to 4.3 parts of nano silicon, 9.3 to 9.6 parts of basalt fibers and 17.9 to 18.2 parts of CaCO 3 Whisker, dividing into three parts of ramie fiber, basalt fiber and CaCO 3 Uniformly spreading the whiskers in a disc mixer, and sequentially placing one part of broken stone, sand, cement, fly ash, straw ash, silica fume and nano silicon in the disc mixer for stirring for 1min;
3) Adding the other two parts of materials into a disc stirrer in the same way to stir uniformly;
4) Adding the mixed solution 1 in the step 1) into a disc stirrer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min;
5) Adding 21-23 parts of prepared carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer, and stirring for 2min;
6) Adding 13.5-14 parts of exciting agent into the disc mixer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min;
7) Finally observing the fluidity of the mixture, continuously adding the mixed solution 2 prepared in the step 1) into a disc mixer, uniformly stirring for 2-3min, after 3min intervals, stirring for 2-3min until the mixture is uniform, and discharging to obtain the prepared concrete mixture; and forming and curing.
The concrete molding and curing method obtained by the preparation method comprises the following steps:
standard curing: pouring the concrete mixture into a cast iron mold for molding and compaction, standing for 1d-2d in a standard curing chamber with the temperature of 20+/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of more than or equal to 95%, removing the mold, and curing in the standard curing chamber to the required age.
In order to overcome the problems of high brittleness, low toughness, poor durability, poor bonding performance with section steel and the like of common concrete, the invention utilizes the easily obtained materials in the market and adopts an improved concrete layering stirring process, considers the dosage proportion of each cementing material required by specific concrete strength grade and the number and size distribution of cracks in a cement matrix under the corresponding proportion, and is based on multi-scale crack grading control and continuous grain grading design of the cementing material by adding ramie fibers, basalt fibers and CaCO 3 The fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness and C140 strength is prepared by mixing three kinds of fibers with different sizes of whiskers, active mineral admixture with different particle size ranges of fly ash, straw ash, silica fume, nano silicon and the like, carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer capable of filling pores and connecting the three kinds of fibers, and chemical additives such as water reducing agent, exciting agent and the like. Wherein, the ramie fiber with water storage function and toughening function can play an internal curing role in the hydration process of concrete, promote the hydration process of the cementing material, and simultaneously, the basalt fiber and CaCO are matched 3 Whisker, carboxyl modified PVA polymer to fill pores, and three kinds of fiber adhered to form organic integral to bridge cracks in concrete and to inhibit the development of cracks and strengthen the toughness of concrete, and the carboxyl modified PVA polymer may be used to encapsulate hydration product to react fully with Ca and carboxyl contained in the calcium carbonate as the catalyst 2+ And an ionic bond is generated, and hydroxyl contained in the ionic bond forms a hydrogen bond with oxygen in a silicon-oxygen hydration product, and the ionic bond is crosslinked with the hydration product, so that the pores are effectively filled, and the structure is more compact. In addition, mineral admixtures with different particle sizes, including fly ash, straw ash, silica fume and nano-scale nano silicon dioxide, are doped in the concrete, so that on one hand, continuous particle grading is formed among all cementing materials, and the micro aggregate filling effect can be effectively exerted, on the other hand, all mineral admixtures can exert pozzolanic effect and super-superposition effect, improve hydration products of the concrete, reduce pore size, reduce the number of harmful pores and improve the compactness of the concrete, thereby realizing the effect of reducing the weight of the concreteUnder the combined action of the surfaces, the bonding interface between the concrete and the profile steel is more compact, the bonding force is further improved along with the improvement of the form of the hydration product, and meanwhile, the bonding property between the concrete matrix and the fiber material is enhanced, so that each fiber can cooperate, the toughness of the concrete is further improved, and the Cl can be effectively reduced - 、SO 4 2- 、CO 2 And harmful ions such as ions invade, so that the durability of the concrete is improved. According to the invention, through the synergistic effect of the components, the pore structure of the concrete is improved, so that the internal structure of the concrete is more compact, the hydration shrinkage of the concrete and the development of cracks with different dimensions under the stress state are targeted inhibited, and finally, the novel fiber concrete material with high toughness, high bonding performance, high strength and high durability is prepared.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The ramie fiber used in the invention is long fiber with 40-50mm, has the characteristics of high tensile strength, high elastic modulus and high toughness, and can effectively inhibit the formation and development of macroscopic cracks of concrete in a complex stress state; the natural hydrophilicity of the ramie fibers enables the surface of the ramie fibers to have strong bond strength, good bonding capability with a cement matrix, and enough anchoring length of the long fibers, so that the ramie fibers can be effectively prevented from being pulled out when the concrete cracks, further development of the cracks is prevented, and the deformation capability and the energy consumption capability of the concrete can be increased due to the bridging effect of the fibers; in addition, the ramie fiber has a unique fiber cavity structure and a huge specific surface area, and the cavity structure can store partial moisture, so that an internal curing effect is achieved, and the hydration process of concrete is promoted. Therefore, the ramie fiber can improve the mechanical property of the concrete and the durability such as crack resistance, permeability resistance, freeze thawing resistance and the like.
2) Basalt fiber and CaCO used in the present invention 3 Whisker has the characteristics of high strength and high elastic modulus, and the lengths are respectively 12mm and 20-30 mu m, can effectively inhibit the formation and development of cracks caused by factors such as plastic shrinkage, temperature change and the like of concrete, and can cooperate with ramie fibers to play a bridging role to develop cracks with different scales in the concreteThe strength, toughness, deformation performance and durability of the concrete can be effectively improved by grading control; the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer is added, a large amount of surface active substances in the polymer can increase the wetting action of the aggregate surface, improve the bonding capability between the aggregate and a matrix, and simultaneously, the polymer forms a film to wrap hydration products and unhydrated particles in the concrete to form a space three-dimensional continuous network structure, so that microcracks among the matrixes are reduced, the network structure of the polymer is mutually connected with three fibers to jointly form a more dense space three-dimensional network structure, the toughness of the concrete and the bonding performance of the concrete and profile steel are improved, further, the polymer and a cementing material have a certain degree of chemical reaction, the crosslinking of the polymer and the hydration products is enhanced, the bond strength of the matrix to the fibers is also enhanced, the fibers are prevented from being pulled out when the concrete is cracked, and the crack is further prevented from developing. In addition, when the invention is used for a steel reinforced concrete composite structure, three fibers and polymers are uniformly dispersed in concrete and are mutually connected to form a space three-dimensional net structure, so that the crack development of surrounding concrete is effectively restrained when the steel reinforced concrete is stressed, a circular restraint effect is formed on the steel reinforced concrete, the friction force and mechanical biting force between the steel reinforced concrete and the steel reinforced concrete are effectively improved, the binding force between the steel reinforced concrete and the steel reinforced concrete is further enhanced, and the steel reinforced concrete can better cooperate.
3) The invention takes into consideration that the potassium ions in straw crops are mainly enriched in new leaves and spores, the content of the mature stems is lower, the potassium ion content of different types of straw crops is different, the mature stems of corn straw with low potassium ion content are selected to burn at a certain temperature, then the corn straw is subjected to potassium and sodium removal treatment in a simple and feasible potassium removal mode with low cost, alkali aggregate reaction in concrete can be effectively prevented, the straw ash obtained by grinding after the potassium removal treatment contains more than 82.3 percent of silicon dioxide and a certain amount of active Al and Fe oxides, the volcanic ash activity is higher, the particles of the straw ash are tiny (the average particle diameter is 6-15 mu m), and the porous and network channel structures in the straw ash particles enable the straw ash particles to have larger specific surface area and can reach 10m 2 And/g. The cementing material particles can be made to be more even by the addition of straw ashEven, the gradation is good, can play a role in filling and compacting, and further increase the cohesiveness of concrete; in addition, because the straw ash has volcanic ash activity similar to that of the silica fume, the straw ash can replace part of the silica fume and can be used for Ca (OH) in a concrete system 2 The reaction generates compact and hard hydrated calcium sulfoaluminate and more stable C-S-H gel, and improves the flexural strength, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and durability of the concrete; finally, the straw ash is used as agricultural waste, and the treated straw ash is used as a building material to replace part of cement, so that CO in the straw burning and cement production process can be reduced 2 The discharge amount is reduced, so that the cost of concrete is reduced, the reutilization of agricultural wastes is realized, and the purposes of energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved.
4) The fly ash, the straw ash, the silica fume and the nano silicon dioxide which are mixed in the invention have different particle size ranges to form more continuous grain composition of the cementing material, can better exert the filling effect of the micro aggregate, and simultaneously, the fly ash, the straw ash, the silica fume and the nano silicon generate a super-superposition effect to further promote the hydration of the cementing material, so that more hydration products are converted into C-S-H gel, the pore structure and the cohesiveness of the concrete are improved, in addition, the nano silicon dioxide can enter more tiny pores, and the surface of the nano silicon dioxide has more unsaturated bonds and larger surface energy, so that the hydration products, especially Ca (OH), are further promoted 2 The C-S-H gel is quickly gathered on the surface of the cement matrix to react, so that the C-S-H gel is promoted to grow by taking the C-S-H gel as a core, the generation of harmful crystals is limited, the interface structure of the cement matrix is strengthened, and the flexural strength, the compressive strength, the splitting tensile strength, the toughness, the bonding performance and the durability of the concrete are further improved.
5) The shrinkage reducing agent used in the invention can reduce the surface tension of water in the capillary holes of the concrete, compact the concrete structure, further control the shrinkage of the concrete mass, the plastic shrinkage at early hardening and the like, further improve the crack resistance and the permeability resistance of the concrete, and strengthen the durability of the concrete.
6) The exciting agent of the invention adopts organic-inorganic composite exciting agent, which jointly plays the exciting role by the dihydrate gypsum, the calcium chloride and the triethanolamine to promote the generation of ettringiteThe concrete doped with the fly ash, the silica fume, the nano silicon dioxide and the straw ash has certain micro expansibility, and the shrinkage performance of the concrete is improved. The glass body reticular structure on the surface of the fly ash is depolymerized by the composite excitant, so that the potential activity of the fly ash is excited, the corrosion effect of the glass body with the three-dimensional space structure taking aluminosilicate as a main hydration component in the fly ash hydration process can be enhanced, the power of forward hydration reaction is improved, more C-S-H gel, hydrated calcium aluminate and other crystals are generated, and the fly ash is promoted to participate in early hydration process. The excitation effect of the dihydrate gypsum on the mineral admixture is shown as follows: SO (SO) 4- Gel with the surface of fly ash particles and AlO dissolved in liquid phase 2- Reacting to generate hydrated calcium sulfoaluminate AFt; in addition, SO 4 2- Can also replace part of SiO in the hydrated calcium silicate 2 2- Displaced SiO 2 2- At the outer layer with Ca 2+ The calcium silicate hydrate is generated by the action, the activity of the fly ash is continuously excited, and Ca is provided by the calcium silicate hydrate 2+ SiO in fly ash, silica fume, nano silicon dioxide and straw ash 2 、Fe 2 O 3 、Al 2 O 3 And reacting to generate hydrated calcium silicate, hydrated calcium ferrite, hydrated calcium aluminate and the like. The excitation of calcium chloride to mineral admixture is mainly achieved by increasing Ca in hydration system 2+ The concentration, the formation of the hydrated chloroaluminate gel phase and the hydrated calcium aluminate are realized, besides, the calcium chloride as a strong electrolyte can also supplement Ca required by the reaction of silica fume, straw ash and nano silicon dioxide in the process of exciting the activity of the fly ash by sulfate 2+ . As an organic fly ash activity excitant, triethanolamine can complex Fe and Al phases in fly ash and the like in the hydration process, promote corrosion of the surfaces of fly ash particles and further hydrate active substances in the fly ash. The synergistic effect among the dihydrate gypsum, the calcium chloride and the triethanolamine can fully excite the activity of the mineral admixture, accelerate the hydration rate of the cementing material in the system, promote the generation of hydration products, further improve the strength, the durability and the like of the concrete.
7) The invention adopts a layered stirring method, and determines the particle size of the maximum broken stone particles through experiments, so that long fibers and aggregates can be dispersed uniformly to the greatest extent, the mutual interference of the long fibers and coarse aggregates is avoided, the aggregation of the fibers is avoided, and larger holes are generated in a cement matrix, and even the honeycomb pitting surface phenomenon is caused.
The measures can effectively improve the compressive strength, toughness, deformability, durability and the like of the concrete, and enhance the bonding strength and the collaborative deformability between the concrete and the profile steel. The high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness and C140 strength prepared by the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that various cementing materials with different particle diameters in the concrete are uniformly distributed from large to small, the micro aggregate filling effect of each cementing material is fully exerted, hydration products of the cementing materials can be stacked and compacted, the pore structure of the concrete is further improved, meanwhile, the multi-scale fibers are uniformly dispersed, the organic unification is realized under the bonding effect of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymers, a three-dimensional space reticular structure is formed, the development of cracks with different sizes is effectively inhibited, and therefore, the concrete has higher toughness and excellent durability, has better cohesiveness with section steel, the deformability is further improved, and the synergism with section steel is enhanced. The fiber concrete has 28d cube compressive strength not less than 142.80MPa, flexural strength not less than 37.03MPa, splitting tensile strength not less than 16.10MPa, bonding strength with section steel not less than 7.25MPa, and chloride ion migration coefficient not greater than 16×10 -14 m 2 And/s. The high-performance fiber concrete with high volume stability, high durability and high toughness is prepared by the invention, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the preparation process is simple, the application and popularization requirements of sustainable development and modern green building materials are met, and the high-performance fiber concrete material is a novel green and environment-friendly high-performance fiber concrete material.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in the following with reference to specific embodiments, using examples, to make the advantages of the present invention more easily understood by those skilled in the art, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness and C140 strength, which is prepared by the following method:
1) Adding 13-14 parts by mass of water reducer into water with two thirds of the total water amount, and marking as a mixed solution 1; adding 10-11 parts of weighed shrinkage reducing agent and 2-2.4 parts of defoamer into one third of the total water, marking as mixed solution 2, and preparing 21-23 parts of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer for later use; the total water quantity is 115-120 parts;
2) 5.5 to 5.7 parts of ramie fibers, 980 parts of broken stone, 720 parts of sand, 430 to 435 parts of cement, 80 to 85 parts of fly ash, 65 to 70 parts of straw ash, 35 to 40 parts of silica fume, 3.7 to 4.3 parts of nano silicon, 9.3 to 9.6 parts of basalt fibers and 17.9 to 18.2 parts of CaCO 3 Whisker, dividing into three parts of ramie fiber, basalt fiber and CaCO 3 Uniformly spreading the whiskers in a disc mixer, and sequentially placing one part of broken stone, sand, cement, fly ash, straw ash, silica fume and nano silicon in the disc mixer for stirring for 1min;
3) Adding the other two parts of materials into a disc stirrer in the same way to stir uniformly;
4) Adding the mixed solution 1 in the step 1) into a disc stirrer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min;
5) Adding 21-23 parts of prepared carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer, and stirring for 2min;
6) Adding 13.5-14 parts of exciting agent into the disc mixer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min;
7) Finally observing the fluidity of the mixture, continuously adding the mixed solution 2 prepared in the step 1) into a disc mixer, uniformly stirring for 2-3min, after 3min intervals, stirring for 2-3min until the mixture is uniform, and discharging to obtain the prepared concrete mixture; and forming and curing.
The concrete forming and curing method in the invention comprises the following steps:
pouring the concrete mixture into a cast iron mold for molding, compacting by using a vibrating table, and then performing contact vibration along the outer wall of the test mold by using a vibrating rod so as to discharge redundant bubbles in the concrete mixture; after molding, placing the test block in an environment with the temperature of 20+/-2 ℃, covering the surface of the test block with wetted geotextile, standing for 1d, removing the mold, and curing in a standard curing room with the temperature of 20+/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of more than or equal to 95% until the required age.
Wherein:
the cement is commercial P. O52.5R grade ordinary silicate cement, and has good compatibility with the polycarboxylic acid water reducer.
The sand adopts river sand with hard texture and good grading quality in the mass ratio of 9:1, the fineness modulus of the river sand is 2.8-3.0, the silicon dioxide content in the river sand is not less than 98%, the grain diameter is 0.3-0.6mm, and the density is 2.62g/cm 3 。
The broken stone is prepared from limestone and basalt broken stone with good grading, compactness, hardness and rough surface in a mass ratio of 1:1, the particle size range is 5mm-15mm, and the broken stone with continuous particle size of 5-10mm and 10-15mm is mixed according to the mass ratio of 7:3.
The fly ash is high-quality class I fly ash of a power plant, the screen residue of a square-hole sieve with 0.045mm is not more than 12%, and the specific surface area is more than 400m 2 Per kg, the average particle diameter is in the range of 15-30. Mu.m.
The straw ash is prepared by burning stems of mature corn straw at 600-820 deg.C, removing potassium, grinding with ball mill for 20min, and has silica content of more than 82.3%, average particle diameter of 6-15 μm, and specific surface area of more than 10m 2 /g。
The potassium removing treatment method comprises the following steps:
1) Placing the straw ash into distilled water for stirring and soaking, then standing, pouring out supernatant, continuously adding distilled water for stirring and soaking, and repeating the process for more than 5 times, wherein the soaking time lasts for one week;
2) Pouring out the supernatant liquid for the last time, heating to 90 ℃ with distilled water, preserving heat for 15-20min, pouring out the supernatant liquid after preserving heat, adding distilled water for soaking, and repeating the step 1);
3) Repeating steps 1) and 2) twice in sequence;
4) Finally, the temperature is kept at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, and the supernatant is replaced by distilled water and dried for later use.
The silica fume has a silica content of 92% or more and is flatThe average particle diameter is 0.1-0.26 μm, and the specific surface area is more than 20m 2 /g。
The nano silicon is high-purity nano silicon dioxide prepared by gas phase method, the purity is more than 99%, the average grain diameter is 10nm-40nm, and the specific surface area is more than 130m 2 /g。
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducer, the solid content is 20%, the pH value is 8.0, the water reducing rate is more than 30%, and the compression strength ratio of 7d to 28d is not less than 150%.
The shrinkage reducing agent is SU-SRA type shrinkage reducing agent.
The defoaming agent is a Liqi X-2756 efficient concrete defoaming agent.
The exciting agent is an organic-inorganic composite exciting agent, and the composite exciting agent is prepared by compounding the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50-58% of dihydrate gypsum, 40-48% of calcium chloride and 1.5-2% of triethanolamine.
The ramie fiber is refined dry ramie fiber after alkali treatment and drying, the length is 40-50mm, the diameter is 30-40 μm, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1000MPa, the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 11.4GPa, the breaking elongation is 8.9%, and the specific gravity is 1.54-1.55g/cm 3 。
The length of basalt fiber is 12mm, the diameter is 7 μm-15 μm, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 3000MPa, the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 91GPa, and the specific gravity is 2.63-2.65g/cm 3 。
CaCO used 3 The whisker length is 20-30 μm, the diameter is 0.5-2 μm, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 3000MPa, the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 410GPa, and the specific gravity is 2.86g/cm 3 。
The carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer is an organic polymer obtained by uniformly mixing carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol, water and an auxiliary agent, and comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
36-39% of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol, 60-63% of water and 1-1.5% of auxiliary agent;
the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol has a polymerization degree of 2400, an alcoholysis degree of 99%, a carboxyl/hydroxyl molar ratio of 3/97 and a ph=7; the auxiliary agent is polyacrylate defoamer.
The mixing method comprises the following steps: placing carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol into water, standing for 30min at normal temperature to fully swell, then placing into a constant temperature water tank at 95 ℃ for heating and dissolving, adding an auxiliary agent, continuously stirring until a uniform transparent solution is formed, and preserving heat for later use.
Specific examples are given below to further illustrate the preparation process of the present invention.
Example 1
1) Adding 13 parts by weight of water reducer into water with two thirds of the total water amount, and marking as a mixed solution 1; adding 10 parts of weighed shrinkage reducing agent and 2 parts of defoamer into one third of the total water, marking as mixed solution 2, and preparing 23 parts of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer for later use, wherein the total water is 115 parts; wherein the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 38.6% of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol, 60.4% of water and 1% of polyacrylate defoamer;
2) 5.5 parts of ramie fibers, 980 parts of broken stone, 720 parts of sand, 430 parts of cement, 80 parts of fly ash, 70 parts of straw ash, 35 parts of silica fume, 3.7 parts of nano-silica, 9.3 parts of basalt fibers and 17.9 parts of CaCO 3 Whisker, dividing into three parts of ramie fiber, basalt fiber and CaCO 3 Uniformly spreading the whiskers in a disc mixer, and sequentially placing one part of broken stone, sand, cement, fly ash, straw ash, silica fume and nano silicon in the disc mixer for stirring for 1min;
3) Adding the other two parts of materials into a disc stirrer in the same way to stir uniformly;
4) Adding the mixed solution 1 in the step 1) into a disc stirrer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min;
5) Adding 23 parts of prepared carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer and stirring for 2min;
6) Adding 13.5 parts of exciting agent into the disc mixer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min; wherein the excitant is prepared by compounding the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 53% of dihydrate gypsum, 45.5% of calcium chloride and 1.5% of triethanolamine;
7) Finally observing the fluidity of the mixture, continuously adding the mixed solution 2 prepared in the step 1) into a disc mixer, uniformly stirring for 2-3min, after 3min intervals, stirring for 2-3min until the mixture is uniform, and discharging to obtain the prepared concrete mixture; and forming and curing.
The concrete molding and curing method in this embodiment is as follows:
pouring the concrete mixture into a cast iron mold for molding, compacting by using a vibrating table, and then performing contact vibration along the outer wall of the test mold by using a vibrating rod so as to discharge redundant bubbles in the concrete mixture; after molding, placing the test block in an environment with the temperature of 20+/-2 ℃, covering the surface of the test block with wetted geotextile, standing for 1d, removing the mold, and curing in a standard curing room with the temperature of 20+/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of more than or equal to 95% until the required age.
Example 2
1) Adding 14 parts by weight of water reducer into water with two thirds of the total water amount, and marking as a mixed solution 1; adding 11 parts of weighed shrinkage reducing agent and 2.4 parts of defoamer into one third of the total water, marking as mixed solution 2, and preparing 23 parts of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer for later use, wherein the total water is 120 parts; wherein the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 36% of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol, 63% of water and 1% of polyacrylate defoamer;
2) 5.7 parts of ramie fibers, 980 parts of broken stone, 720 parts of sand, 435 parts of cement, 85 parts of fly ash, 65 parts of straw ash, 40 parts of silica fume, 3.9 parts of nano-silica, 9.6 parts of basalt fibers and 18.2 parts of CaCO 3 Whisker, dividing into three parts of ramie fiber, basalt fiber and CaCO 3 Uniformly spreading the whiskers in a disc mixer, and sequentially placing one part of broken stone, sand, cement, fly ash, straw ash, silica fume and nano silicon in the disc mixer for stirring for 1min;
3) Adding the other two parts of materials into a disc stirrer in the same way to stir uniformly;
4) Adding the mixed solution 1 in the step 1) into a disc stirrer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min;
5) Adding 23 parts of prepared carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer and stirring for 2min;
6) Adding 14 parts of exciting agent into a disc stirrer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min; wherein the excitant is prepared by compounding the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50% of dihydrate gypsum, 48% of calcium chloride and 2% of triethanolamine;
7) Finally observing the fluidity of the mixture, continuously adding the mixed solution 2 prepared in the step 1) into a disc mixer, uniformly stirring for 2-3min, after 3min intervals, stirring for 2-3min until the mixture is uniform, and discharging to obtain the prepared concrete mixture; and forming and curing.
The concrete molding and curing method in this example is the same as in example 1.
Example 3
1) Adding 13.5 parts by mass of water reducer into water of which the total water content is two thirds, and marking the water reducer as a mixed solution 1; adding 11 parts of weighed shrinkage reducing agent and 2.1 parts of defoamer into one third of the total water, marking as mixed solution 2, and preparing 21 parts of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer for later use, wherein the total water is 115 parts; wherein the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol 37%, water 62%, polyacrylate defoamer 1%;
2) 5.5 parts of ramie fibers, 980 parts of broken stone, 720 parts of sand, 438 parts of cement, 80 parts of fly ash, 68 parts of straw ash, 40 parts of silica fume, 4.1 parts of nano-silica, 9.4 parts of basalt fibers and 18 parts of CaCO 3 Whisker, dividing into three parts of ramie fiber, basalt fiber and CaCO 3 Uniformly spreading the whiskers in a disc mixer, and sequentially placing one part of broken stone, sand, cement, fly ash, straw ash, silica fume and nano silicon in the disc mixer for stirring for 1min;
3) Adding the other two parts of materials into a disc stirrer in the same way to stir uniformly;
4) Adding the mixed solution 1 in the step 1) into a disc stirrer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min;
5) Adding 21 parts of prepared carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer and stirring for 2min;
6) Adding 13.7 parts of exciting agent into the disc mixer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min; wherein the excitant is prepared by compounding the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 56.5% of dihydrate gypsum, 42% of calcium chloride and 1.5% of triethanolamine;
7) Finally observing the fluidity of the mixture, continuously adding the mixed solution 2 prepared in the step 1) into a disc mixer, uniformly stirring for 2-3min, after 3min intervals, stirring for 2-3min until the mixture is uniform, and discharging to obtain the prepared concrete mixture; and forming and curing.
The concrete molding and curing method in this example is the same as in example 1.
Example 4
1) Adding 14 parts by weight of water reducer into water with two thirds of the total water amount, and marking as a mixed solution 1; adding 10.5 parts of weighed shrinkage reducing agent and 2.2 parts of defoamer into one third of the total water, marking as mixed solution 2, and preparing 21 parts of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer for later use, wherein the total water is 115 parts; wherein the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 39% of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol, 60% of water and 1% of polyacrylate defoamer;
2) 5.6 parts of ramie fibers, 980 parts of broken stone, 720 parts of sand, 433 parts of cement, 83 parts of fly ash, 65 parts of straw ash, 37 parts of silica fume, 4.3 parts of nano-silica, 9.5 parts of basalt fibers and 18 parts of CaCO 3 Whisker, dividing into three parts of ramie fiber, basalt fiber and CaCO 3 Uniformly spreading the whiskers in a disc mixer, and sequentially placing one part of broken stone, sand, cement, fly ash, straw ash, silica fume and nano silicon in the disc mixer for stirring for 1min;
3) Adding the other two parts of materials into a disc stirrer in the same way to stir uniformly;
4) Adding the mixed solution 1 in the step 1) into a disc stirrer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min;
5) Adding 21 parts of prepared carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer and stirring for 2min;
6) Adding 13.9 parts of exciting agent into the disc mixer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min; wherein the excitant is prepared by compounding the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 52% of dihydrate gypsum, 46.2% of calcium chloride and 1.8% of triethanolamine;
7) Finally observing the fluidity of the mixture, continuously adding the mixed solution 2 prepared in the step 1) into a disc mixer, uniformly stirring for 2-3min, after 3min intervals, stirring for 2-3min until the mixture is uniform, and discharging to obtain the prepared concrete mixture; and forming and curing.
The concrete molding and curing method in this example is the same as in example 1.
Example 5
1) Adding 13 parts by weight of water reducer into water with two thirds of the total water amount, and marking as a mixed solution 1; adding 10 parts of weighed shrinkage reducing agent and 2.3 parts of defoamer into one third of the total water, marking as mixed solution 2, and preparing 22 parts of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer for later use, wherein the total water is 120 parts; wherein the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol 37%, water 61.5%, polyacrylate defoamer 1.5%;
2) 5.6 parts of ramie fibers, 980 parts of broken stone, 720 parts of sand, 430 parts of cement, 85 parts of fly ash, 67.5 parts of straw ash, 35 parts of silica fume, 3.7 parts of nano-silica, 9.5 parts of basalt fibers and 17.9 parts of CaCO 3 Whisker, dividing into three parts of ramie fiber, basalt fiber and CaCO 3 Uniformly spreading the whiskers in a disc mixer, and sequentially placing one part of broken stone, sand, cement, fly ash, straw ash, silica fume and nano silicon in the disc mixer for stirring for 1min;
3) Adding the other two parts of materials into a disc stirrer in the same way to stir uniformly;
4) Adding the mixed solution 1 in the step 1) into a disc stirrer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min;
5) Adding 22 parts of prepared carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer and stirring for 2min;
6) Adding 14 parts of exciting agent into a disc stirrer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min; wherein the excitant is prepared by compounding the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 58% of dihydrate gypsum, 40% of calcium chloride and 2% of triethanolamine;
7) Finally observing the fluidity of the mixture, continuously adding the mixed solution 2 prepared in the step 1) into a disc mixer, uniformly stirring for 2-3min, after 3min intervals, stirring for 2-3min until the mixture is uniform, and discharging to obtain the prepared concrete mixture; and forming and curing.
The concrete molding and curing method in this example is the same as in example 1.
Example 6
1) Adding 13.5 parts by mass of water reducer into water of which the total water content is two thirds, and marking the water reducer as a mixed solution 1; adding 11 parts of weighed shrinkage reducing agent and 2.4 parts of defoamer into one third of the total water, marking as mixed solution 2, and preparing 22 parts of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer for later use, wherein the total water is 120 parts; wherein the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 38.5% of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol, 60% of water and 1.5% of polyacrylate defoamer;
2) 5.6 parts of ramie fibers, 980 parts of broken stone, 720 parts of sand, 435 parts of cement, 81 parts of fly ash, 70 parts of straw ash, 40 parts of silica fume, 4 parts of nano silicon, 9.5 parts of basalt fibers and 18.2 parts of CaCO 3 Whisker, dividing into three parts of ramie fiber, basalt fiber and CaCO 3 Uniformly spreading the whiskers in a disc mixer, and sequentially placing one part of broken stone, sand, cement, fly ash, straw ash, silica fume and nano silicon in the disc mixer for stirring for 1min;
3) Adding the other two parts of materials into a disc stirrer in the same way to stir uniformly;
4) Adding the mixed solution 1 in the step 1) into a disc stirrer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min;
5) Adding 22 parts of prepared carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer and stirring for 2min;
6) Adding 13.8 parts of exciting agent into the disc mixer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min; wherein the excitant is prepared by compounding the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 57% of dihydrate gypsum, 41.2% of calcium chloride and 1.8% of triethanolamine;
7) Finally observing the fluidity of the mixture, continuously adding the mixed solution 2 prepared in the step 1) into a disc mixer, uniformly stirring for 2-3min, after 3min intervals, stirring for 2-3min until the mixture is uniform, and discharging to obtain the prepared concrete mixture; and forming and curing.
The concrete molding and curing method in this example is the same as in example 1.
The following comparative examples are given to further illustrate the effects of the present invention in comparison with the examples of the present invention.
Comparative example: the concrete is common high-strength concrete which does not adopt a gel particle continuous grading design, does not add fibers, does not add carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer and adopts a single activator.
The mixture ratio is as follows: 497 parts of cement, 720 parts of sand, 980 parts of broken stone, 128 parts of fly ash, 133 parts of water, 11.5 parts of water reducer, 10.8 parts of excitant and 1.8 parts of defoamer.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) Adding 11.5 parts by mass of water reducer into water with two thirds of the total water amount, and marking as a mixed solution 1; adding 1.8 parts of weighed defoamer into one third of the total water, namely a mixed solution 2, wherein the total water is 133 parts;
2) Placing 980 parts of broken stone, 720 parts of sand, 497 parts of cement and 128 parts of fly ash into a stirrer, and stirring for 1min;
3) Adding the mixed solution 1 in the step 1) into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min;
4) Adding 10.8 parts of excitant calcium chloride into the stirrer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min;
5) Finally observing the fluidity of the mixture, continuously adding the mixed solution 2 prepared in the step 1) into a stirrer, uniformly stirring for 2-3min, after 3min intervals, stirring for 2-3min until the mixture is uniform, and discharging to obtain the prepared concrete mixture; and forming and curing.
The concrete molding and curing method of the comparative example is as follows:
pouring the concrete mixture into a cast iron mold for molding, compacting by using a vibrating table, and then performing contact vibration along the outer wall of the test mold by using a vibrating rod so as to discharge redundant bubbles in the concrete mixture; after molding, placing the test block in an environment with the temperature of 20+/-2 ℃, covering the surface of the test block with wetted geotextile, standing for 1d, removing the mold, and curing in a standard curing room with the temperature of 20+/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of more than or equal to 95% until the required age.
The results of the performance test of the high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high adhesion C140 strength prepared in examples 1-6 and the comparative concrete are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 comparison of the properties of examples 1-6 and comparative examples
As can be seen from Table 1, the high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness C140 strength prepared by the invention meets the compressive and bending strength required by the member when the member is loaded, and ensures the cohesiveness of the member and steel. The 28d cube compressive strength is not less than 142.80MPa, the flexural strength is not less than 37.03MPa, the splitting tensile strength is not less than 16.10MPa, the bonding strength with the section steel is not less than 7.25MPa, and the chloride ion migration coefficient is not more than 16 multiplied by 10 -14 m 2 And/s. Example 6 is the optimal blend ratio, the grain composition of the cementing material is optimal, the mixing amount of the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer is optimal, and the mixing amount of the fiber is optimal. At the C140 strength level, the steel has enough toughness and cohesiveness to improve the cooperative working capacity of the section steel and the concrete, and can be applied as a modern green building material.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, and persons skilled in the art may make simple changes or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention should be determined by the claims.

Claims (7)

1. The high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness and C140 strength is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
cement 435 parts, sand 720 parts, broken stone 980 parts, fly ash 81 parts, straw ash 70 parts, silica fume 40 parts, nano silicon dioxide 4 parts, carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer 22 parts, water 120 parts, water reducer 13.5 parts, exciting agent 13.8 parts, defoamer 2.4 parts, shrinkage reducing agent 11 parts, ramie fiber 5.6 parts, basalt fiber 9.5 parts, caCO 3 18.2 parts of whisker;
the ramie fiber is refined dry ramie fiber after alkali treatment and drying, the length is 40-50mm, the diameter is 30-40 mu m, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 766MPa, the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 9.1GPa, the breaking elongation is 8.9%, and the specific gravity is 1.54-1.55g/cm 3 ；
The basalt fiber has a length of 12mm, a diameter of 7-15 μm, a tensile strength of not less than 3000MPa, an elastic modulus of not less than 91GPa and a specific gravity of 2.63-2.65 g/cm 3 ；
Said CaCO 3 The whisker length is 20-30 μm, the diameter is 0.5-2 μm, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 3000MPa, the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 410GPa, and the specific gravity is 2.86 g/cm 3 ；
The exciting agent is an organic-inorganic composite exciting agent, and the composite exciting agent is prepared by compounding the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
57% of dihydrate gypsum, 41.2% of calcium chloride and 1.8% of triethanolamine;
The carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 38.5% of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol, 60% of water and 1.5% of polyacrylate defoamer, specifically, placing the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol with the mass percentage of 38.5 into 60% of water, standing for 30min at normal temperature to fully swell the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol, then placing the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol into a constant-temperature water tank with the temperature of 95 ℃ for heating and dissolving, adding the polyacrylate defoamer with the mass percentage of 1.5%, and continuously stirring until a uniform transparent solution is formed, thus obtaining the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer;
the polymerization degree of the carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol is 2400, the alcoholysis degree is 99%, the carboxyl/hydroxyl molar ratio is 3/97, and the pH=7;
c140 strength high-strength fiber concrete 28d cube resistanceThe compressive strength reaches 148.31MPa, the flexural strength reaches 38.29MPa, the splitting tensile strength reaches 17.12MPa, the bonding strength between the split steel and the section steel reaches 7.67MPa, and the chloride ion migration coefficient reaches 13 multiplied by 10 - 14 m 2 /s。
2. The high strength fiber concrete of high toughness, high adhesion C140 strength according to claim 1, wherein the cement is p.o52.5r grade portland cement;
the broken stone is prepared from limestone and basalt broken stone with good grading, compactness, hardness and rough surface in a mass ratio of 1:1, the particle size range is 5mm-15mm, and the broken stone with continuous particle size of 5-10mm and 10-15mm is mixed according to the mass ratio of 7:3;
The fly ash adopts high-quality class I fly ash of a power plant, the screen residue of a 45 mu m square hole screen is not more than 12%, the water demand ratio is not more than 95%, and the specific surface area is more than 400m 2 /kg；
The water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducer, the solid content is 20%, and the water reducing rate of the water reducer is more than 30%.
3. The high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness C140 strength according to claim 1, wherein the straw ash is prepared by burning mature stems of corn straw at 600-820 ℃, then carrying out potassium treatment, and grinding for 20min by using a ball mill, wherein the silicon dioxide content is more than 82.3%, the average particle size is 6-15 μm, and the specific surface area is more than 10m 2 /g。
4. The high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness C140 strength according to claim 3, wherein the method for removing potassium from straw ash comprises the following steps:
1) Placing the straw ash into distilled water for stirring and soaking, then standing, pouring out supernatant, continuously adding distilled water for stirring and soaking, and repeating the process for more than 5 times, wherein the soaking time lasts for one week;
2) Pouring out the supernatant liquid for the last time, heating to 90 ℃ with distilled water, preserving heat for 15-20min, adding distilled water for soaking after preserving heat, and repeating the step 1);
3) Repeating steps 1) and 2) twice in sequence;
4) Finally, the temperature is kept at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, and the supernatant is poured out and dried for standby.
5. The high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high adhesion C140 strength according to claim 1, wherein the silica content in the silica fume is more than 92%, the average grain size is 0.1 μm-0.26 μm, and the specific surface area is more than 20m 2 /g；
The nano silicon dioxide is prepared into high-purity nano silicon dioxide by a gas phase method, the purity is more than 99 percent, the average grain diameter is 10nm-40nm, and the specific surface area is more than 130m 2 /g。
6. A method for preparing the high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness and strength of C140 according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:
1) Adding 13.5 parts by mass of water reducer into water of which the total water content is two thirds, and marking the water reducer as a mixed solution 1; adding 11 parts of weighed shrinkage reducing agent and 2.4 parts of defoamer into the rest one third of water, marking as mixed solution 2, and preparing 22 parts of carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer for later use; the total water quantity is 120 parts;
2) 5.6 parts of ramie fibers, 980 parts of broken stone, 720 parts of sand, 435 parts of cement, 81 parts of fly ash, 70 parts of straw ash, 40 parts of silica fume, 4 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 9.5 parts of basalt fibers and 18.2 parts of CaCO 3 Whisker, dividing into three parts of ramie fiber, basalt fiber and CaCO 3 Uniformly spreading the mixture in a disc mixer, and sequentially placing one part of broken stone, sand, cement, fly ash, straw ash, silica fume and nano silicon dioxide whisker in the disc mixer for stirring for 1min;
3) Adding the other two parts of materials into a disc stirrer in the same way to stir uniformly;
4) Adding the mixed solution 1 in the step 1) into a disc stirrer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min;
5) Adding 22 parts of prepared carboxyl modified polyvinyl alcohol polymer and stirring for 2min;
6) Adding 13.8 parts of exciting agent into the disc mixer, and uniformly stirring for 2-3min;
7) Finally observing the fluidity of the mixture, continuously adding the mixed solution 2 prepared in the step 1) into a disc mixer, uniformly stirring for 2-3min, after 3min intervals, stirring for 2-3min until the mixture is uniform, and discharging to obtain the prepared concrete mixture; and forming and curing.
7. A molding curing method of high-strength fiber concrete with high toughness and high cohesiveness and C140 strength based on the preparation method of claim 6 is characterized in that the method adopts a standard curing method:
the standard curing method is as follows: pouring the concrete mixture into a cast iron mold for molding and compaction, standing for 1-2d in a standard curing chamber with the temperature of 20+/-2 ℃ and the relative humidity of more than or equal to 95%, removing the mold, and curing in the standard curing chamber to the required age.
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