CN113023885B - Process for directionally strengthening sludge and application method thereof - Google Patents
Process for directionally strengthening sludge and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113023885B CN113023885B CN202110372745.0A CN202110372745A CN113023885B CN 113023885 B CN113023885 B CN 113023885B CN 202110372745 A CN202110372745 A CN 202110372745A CN 113023885 B CN113023885 B CN 113023885B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2846—Anaerobic digestion processes using upflow anaerobic sludge blanket [UASB] reactors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/004—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage comprising a selector reactor for promoting floc-forming or other bacteria
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention relates to an anaerobic reactor for directionally strengthening sludge and an application method thereof. In addition, the anaerobic water treatment and the anaerobic sludge reinforcement are carried out simultaneously, so that the strong adaptability of microorganisms is fully utilized, the treatment cost of high-toxicity wastewater is reduced, the impact of high-toxicity substances on the reactor is weakened, the adaptability of the anaerobic reactor is improved, and the anaerobic reactor which is simple, convenient, energy-saving and easy to control is provided for treating industrial wastewater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water treatment application, and particularly relates to a water treatment process and an application method thereof, which mainly aim to fully exert the capability of biologically removing difficultly-degradable pollutants by directionally strengthening partial sludge, remove other pollutants in water and are suitable for treating various industrial wastewater.
Background
The anaerobic reactor has the advantages of high biomass, high pollutant removal load, small occupied area, low energy consumption, low investment, low sludge yield and the like, and particularly, the degrading capability of the anaerobic microorganisms on pollutants containing benzene rings is better than that of the aerobic microorganisms, so the anaerobic reactor is increasingly applied to the treatment of medium and high concentration industrial wastewater.
In the anaerobic treatment process, for removing toxic and non-degradable organic matters accidentally appearing in sewage, methods such as adding microorganisms with special degradation capacity and increasing circulation flow can be adopted, so that a reaction mechanism is quickly established in a main reactor, the influence of toxic pollutants is reduced, and the impact resistance of the main reactor is often improved by adopting biological reinforcement. Meanwhile, the anaerobic sludge has the advantages of long preservation time and no loss of excellent performance for a long time, so that the reinforced sludge culture and storage are feasible.
At present, in industrial wastewater, wastewater inside a factory is mixed wastewater of various production workshops, wherein one or more production wastewater with unstable water quantity but high biological toxicity exists. The existing anaerobic water treatment reactor faces the production wastewater, so that the problems of acidification, particle sludge disintegration and the like of the reactor are easily caused due to poor impact resistance of the reactor, and the anaerobic treatment efficiency is greatly reduced. The invention aims to provide a novel wastewater treatment process for removing pollutants in water by an anaerobic biological method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the conventional sewage treatment equipment is not ideal in impact resistance, the invention provides a water treatment process by combining the background technology, and the technical scheme is as follows:
the directional strengthening process device mainly comprises an anaerobic main body reactor and a sludge strengthening reactor, wherein the anaerobic main body reactor adopts a continuous flow mode of bottom inlet and top outlet and is provided with a water inlet control system. The anaerobic reactor is provided with a sequencing batch sludge strengthening reactor besides a main body reactor for independently treating high-toxicity wastewater, the volume of the sludge strengthening reactor is 1/10-1/2 of the anaerobic main body reactor, the sludge filling amount is 1/3-3/4 of the sludge strengthening reactor, a stirrer and aeration equipment are arranged at the bottom of the reactor, and the stirring and the gas generated by the main body reactor are utilized for sludge mixing. The main body anaerobic reactor is connected with the sludge strengthening reactor through a sludge pump and a sludge pipe. In the initial stage of the operation of the sludge strengthening reactor, according to the proportion of highly toxic wastewater: 1, common production wastewater: 50-1: 10, the proportion of the sludge is domesticated, the proportion of the high-toxicity wastewater is gradually improved, and the anti-toxicity performance of the sludge is gradually enhanced. When the sludge strengthening reactor runs mature and the amount of highly toxic wastewater is low, the highly toxic wastewater is treated and the sludge activity is maintained only by using the sludge strengthening reactor, and the main body anaerobic reactor only treats the common production wastewater and periodically discharges and stores the strengthened sludge. When the amount of the high-toxicity wastewater is large and exceeds the treatment capacity of the sludge strengthening reactor, temporarily storing part of the high-toxicity wastewater by using the high-toxicity wastewater storage tank, and preventing the condition that the subsequent high-toxicity wastewater is insufficient and the sludge activity of the sludge strengthening reactor cannot be maintained; meanwhile, a sludge pump is used for pumping 1/10-3/4 reinforced sludge and stored reinforced sludge into the main body reactor, the circulation flow is increased, the impact resistance of the main body reactor is improved, and the rest high-toxicity wastewater and the common production wastewater are treated by the main body anaerobic reactor.
The invention is further improved as follows: the anaerobic water treatment and the anaerobic sludge reinforcement are carried out simultaneously, so that the strong adaptability of microorganisms is fully utilized, the treatment cost of high-toxicity wastewater is reduced, the impact of high-toxicity substances on the reactor is weakened, and the adaptability of the anaerobic reactor is improved.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention comprise: optimizes the treatment flow of the existing anaerobic reactor, and strengthens the anti-toxin capability of the sludge by utilizing the sludge to strengthen the reactor. In addition, the sludge strengthening and the anaerobic water treatment are simultaneously carried out, the function of microorganisms is fully exerted, the problems that the traditional anaerobic reactor is easy to acidify high-toxicity substances and disintegrate sludge are solved, and the anaerobic reactor which is simple, convenient, energy-saving and easy to control is provided for treating industrial wastewater.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an anaerobic reactor for directionally strengthening sludge
Reference numerals
1-bulk anaerobic reactor; 2-strengthening the granular sludge; 3-ordinary granular sludge; 4-a three-phase separator; 5-a water distributor; 6-water outlet of the main body anaerobic reactor; 7-circulating the water pool; 8-water outlet; 9-circulating water; 10-circulating water valve; 11-a water inlet valve; 12-main body anaerobic reactor exhaust port device; 13-a water inlet pump of the main body anaerobic reactor; 14-sludge strengthening reactor water inlet pump; 15-a sludge strengthening reactor; 16-a water outlet of the sludge strengthening reactor; 17-highA toxic wastewater storage tank; 18-1#A sludge pump; 19-a stirrer; 20-a gas valve; 21-vortex mixer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by way of example in the following figures:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an anaerobic reactor for directionally strengthening sludge.
An anaerobic reaction device is set up as shown in figure 1, and the operation flow inside the reactor is described as follows:
because of the biological toxicity of the highly toxic wastewater, the sludge in the sludge strengthening reactor 15 needs to be acclimated, and the highly toxic wastewater is temporarily stored by using the highly toxic wastewater storage tank 17 in the sludge acclimating stage according to the following formula: general process wastewater =1: 50-1: 10, diluting the high-toxicity wastewater, and feeding the diluted high-toxicity wastewater into a sludge strengthening reactor 15 through a sludge strengthening reactor water inlet pump 14, wherein the reactor uniformly mixes sludge and the high-toxicity wastewater by using a stirrer 19 and gas generated in a main body anaerobic reactor exhaust port through a gas valve 20. The reactor operates in a sequencing batch mode, when COD in the reactor is not reduced any more, water is drained through a water outlet 16 of the sludge strengthening reactor, and the volume exchange ratio is 1: 10-2: 3. and gradually increasing the proportion of the toxic wastewater in the operation process of the reactor until the COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the effluent of the reactor is greatly increased, and not increasing the concentration of the high-toxicity wastewater any more, which indicates that the reinforced sludge 2 is mature and the acclimation period is finished.
After the sludge acclimatization in the sludge strengthening reactor 15 is finished, when the amount of the high-toxicity wastewater is lower than the sum of the treatment water amount of the sludge strengthening reactor 15 and the storage capacity of the high-toxicity wastewater storage tank 17, temporarily storing the high-toxicity wastewater by using the high-toxicity wastewater storage tank 17, treating the high-toxicity wastewater by using the sludge strengthening reactor only, treating the common production wastewater by using the main reactor, and opening the main reactor for 1 day every 15 to 60 days#A valve for passing the enhanced sludge of 1/10-1/2 through the filter 2#Pumping the sludge into an intensified sludge storage tank by a sludge pump, and then 2#The valve is in a closed state. After the enhanced sludge transfer is completed, closing 1#Valve, open 2#Valve, through 1#The sludge pump 18 supplements the sludge of the main body anaerobic reactor 1 to the sludgeIn the enhanced reactor 15, since the enhanced sludge is a main part, it is not necessary to change the operation parameters of the sludge enhanced reactor 15. When the enhanced sludge storage tank is about to be full, 1/3-2/3 of sludge is returned to the bulk anaerobic reactor 1 to maintain the high efficiency of the stored 2 enhanced sludge while providing the bulk reactor with some biological resistance.
When the water content of the high-toxicity wastewater is higher than the sum of the treatment water content of the sludge strengthening reactor 15 and the storage capacity of the high-toxicity wastewater storage tank 17, part of the high-toxicity wastewater is reserved in the high-toxicity wastewater storage tank 17, so that the condition that the subsequent high-toxicity wastewater is insufficient and the sludge activity of the sludge strengthening reactor cannot be maintained is prevented; the rest of the high-toxicity wastewater and the common production wastewater are treated by using a main body anaerobic reactor 1. By use of 1# Sludge pumps 18 and 2#The sludge pump pumps the 1/10-3/4 intensified sludge 2 in the sludge intensified reactor 15 and all the intensified sludge 2 in the intensified sludge storage tank into the main body anaerobic reactor 1, and simultaneously the water change ratio of the sludge intensified reactor 15 is reduced to the original water change ratio 1/10-4/5. The residual high-toxicity wastewater and the common production wastewater pass through a water inlet valve 11, anaerobic circulating water 9 passes through a circulating water valve 10, the residual high-toxicity wastewater and the common production wastewater are uniformly mixed by a vortex mixer 21, then enter a bulk anaerobic reactor 1 through a bulk anaerobic reactor water inlet pump 13, and the liquid, the intensified sludge 2 and common sludge 3 are uniformly mixed by a water distributor 5. Gas and muddy water mixture generated in the anaerobic process are separated by the three-phase separator 4, the gas is discharged through a conduit of the three-phase separator, and effluent of the anaerobic reactor enters the circulating water tank 7 through a water outlet 6 of the main body anaerobic reactor. When the period of high water content of the high-toxicity wastewater is over, the equivalent amount of sludge is returned to the sludge strengthening reactor 15 through the sludge pump 18, and the sludge is strengthened again according to the sludge strengthening step.
Example 1
The reactor and the common UASB of the invention are adopted to treat the tetracycline-simulated sewage. The sludge strengthening reactor has the inner diameter of 5cm and the height of 50cm, the sludge filling amount is 50 percent, and the sludge strengthening reactor uses 10mg/L tetracycline wastewater: 0.5% of glucose wastewater =1:20, the sludge is domesticated, raw water is pumped into the reactor from the water inlet end of the reactor through a peristaltic pump, the hydraulic retention time is 36h, the water change ratio is 50%, and the proportion of tetracycline wastewater is gradually increased. Meanwhile, a main anaerobic reactor with the inner diameter of 10cm and the height of 50cm and a UASB reactor are arranged, the sludge filling rate is 50 percent, 0.5 percent of glucose wastewater is treated, the hydraulic retention time is 16 hours, and the COD of the effluent is stabilized below 500 mg/L. The reactor uses sodium bicarbonate to maintain the pH value of the system at 7.0-7.5. After the acclimatization of the intensified sludge is finished, 50% of the intensified sludge is put into the main body anaerobic reactor, and the main body reactor and UASB influent water are changed into 10mg/L tetracycline wastewater: 0.5% glucose wastewater =1:5, the COD of the effluent from the main reactor was still maintained below 500mg/L, while the COD of the UASB reactor was increased to 2000mg/L and significant sludge disintegration occurred. The monitoring data are shown in table 1 and table two.
Table 1 monitoring data for example 1
| Main body anaerobic reactor | COD（mg/L） | VFA（mmol/L） | pH value |
| Inflow water | 5162 | 3 | 7.55 |
| Discharging water | 439 | 2 | 7.24 |
| Adding tetracycline and then adding water | 5213 | 5 | 7.51 |
| Adding tetracycline and discharging water | 452 | 2 | 7.15 |
Table 2 monitoring data for example 1
| UASB | COD（mg/L） | VFA（mmol/L） | pH value |
| Inflow water | 5162 | 3 | 7.55 |
| Discharging water | 458 | 3 | 7.19 |
| Adding tetracycline and then adding water | 5213 | 5 | 7.51 |
| Adding four ringsDischarging water after extraction | 2561 | 20 | 7.12 |
Example 2
The reactor of the invention and a common UASB are adopted to treat sewage with simulated salt content of 5 percent. The sludge strengthening reactor has the inner diameter of 4cm and the height of 100cm, the sludge filling amount is 40 percent, and high-salinity wastewater is used: 0.5% of sodium acetate wastewater =1:10, the sludge is acclimated, raw water is pumped into the reactor from the water inlet end of the reactor through a peristaltic pump, the hydraulic retention time is 24 hours, the water change ratio is 70%, and the proportion of the high-salt wastewater is gradually increased. Meanwhile, a main anaerobic reactor with the inner diameter of 10cm and the height of 90cm and a UASB reactor are arranged, the sludge filling rate is 50 percent, 0.5 percent of sodium acetate wastewater is treated, the hydraulic retention time is 16 hours, and the COD of effluent is stabilized below 400 mg/L. The reactor uses sodium bicarbonate to maintain the pH value of the system at 7.0-7.5. After the acclimatization of the intensified sludge is finished, 50% of the intensified sludge is put into the main body anaerobic reactor, and the main body reactor and the UASB influent water are changed into high-salinity wastewater: 0.5% glucose wastewater =1:5, the COD of the effluent from the main reactor was still maintained below 400mg/L, while the COD of the UASB reactor was increased to 1000mg/L and significant sludge disintegration occurred. The monitoring data are shown in tables 3 and 4.
Table 3 monitoring data for example 2
| Main body anaerobic reactor | COD（mg/L） | VFA（mmol/L） | pH value |
| Inflow water | 4032 | 62 | 7.21 |
| Discharging water | 326 | 3 | 7.05 |
| Adding high-salt wastewater into the wastewater to obtain the final product | 4213 | 64 | 7.25 |
| Adding high-salinity wastewater and discharging water | 365 | 5 | 7.32 |
Table 4 monitoring data for example 2
| UASB | COD（mg/L） | VFA（mmol/L） | pH value |
| Inflow water | 4032 | 62 | 7.21 |
| Discharging water | 396 | 4 | 7.23 |
| Adding high-salt wastewater into the wastewater to obtain the final product | 4213 | 64 | 7.25 |
| Adding high-salinity wastewater and discharging water | 1362 | 15 | 6.99 |
Claims (3)
1. A process for directionally strengthening sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps: the device of the process comprises a main body anaerobic reactor (1) and a sludge strengthening reactor (15), and is provided with a water inlet control system and a sludge pumping system; the main body anaerobic reactor (1) comprises a main body anaerobic reactor water inlet pump (13), a water distributor (5), a three-phase separator (4) and a water outlet zone; the sludge strengthening reactor (15) comprises a sludge strengthening reactor water inlet pump (14), a stirrer (19), a gas valve (20), a high-toxicity wastewater storage tank (17), a strengthened sludge storage tank and a water outlet area;
the sludge strengthening reactor (15) needs sludge domestication at the initial operation stage, and the domestication mode is as follows: common production wastewater is 1: 50-1: 10 diluting high-toxicity wastewater, operating the reactor in a sequencing batch mode, and discharging water through a water outlet (16) of a sludge enhanced reactor when COD in the reactor is not reduced any more, wherein the volume exchange ratio is 1: 10-2: 3; gradually increasing the proportion of the high-toxicity wastewater along with the operation of the sludge strengthening reactor (15) until the COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the effluent of the reactor is greatly increased, and the proportion of the high-toxicity wastewater is not increased any more, and ending the acclimation period to obtain strengthened sludge (2);
after the acclimatization of the enhanced sludge (2) is finished, when the water amount of the high-toxicity wastewater does not exceed the treatment capacity of the sludge enhanced reactor (15), only the sludge enhanced reactor (15) is used for treating the high-toxicity wastewater; at the moment, the main body anaerobic reactor (1) only treats the common production wastewater; when the water amount of the high-toxicity wastewater exceeds the processing capacity of the sludge strengthening reactor (15) and the storage capacity of the high-toxicity wastewater storage tank (17), pumping part of strengthened sludge (2) in the sludge strengthening reactor (15) into the main body anaerobic reactor (1) by using a sludge pump (18), and simultaneously reducing the water change ratio of the sludge strengthening reactor (15) to 1/10-4/5 of the original water change ratio; the main body anaerobic reactor (1) simultaneously degrades high-toxicity wastewater and common production wastewater; after the period of high water content of the high-toxicity wastewater is finished, the equivalent amount of sludge is returned to the sludge strengthening reactor (15) again through a sludge pump (18), and the sludge is strengthened again according to the sludge domestication step.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein: the sludge in the main body anaerobic reactor (1) and the sludge strengthening reactor (15) are mutually exchanged through a sludge pump (18).
3. The process of claim 1, wherein: pumping the enhanced sludge (2) of 1/10-1/2 into an enhanced sludge storage tank for storage every 15-60 days after the domestication of the enhanced sludge (2) is finished; when the reinforced sludge storage tank is full, 1/3-2/3 of reinforced sludge (2) is pumped into the main body anaerobic reactor (1) again.
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