CN113023791A - Crystal face induced high-nickel ternary precursor, preparation method thereof and positive electrode material - Google Patents
Crystal face induced high-nickel ternary precursor, preparation method thereof and positive electrode material Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical group [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012066 reaction slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910006178 NixCoyMn(1-x-y)(OH)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940053662 nickel sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- SEVNKUSLDMZOTL-UHFFFAOYSA-H cobalt(2+);manganese(2+);nickel(2+);hexahydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2] SEVNKUSLDMZOTL-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018060 Ni-Co-Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018209 Ni—Co—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- HFCVPDYCRZVZDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [Li+].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O HFCVPDYCRZVZDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910006525 α-NaFeO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006596 α−NaFeO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/006—Compounds containing, besides nickel, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a crystal face induced high-nickel ternary precursor, a preparation method thereof and a positive electrode material, wherein the high-nickel ternary precursor does not need independent nucleation and directly depends on a lithium-manganese-rich precursor for growth, and the lithium-manganese-rich precursor plays a role of a crystal face inducing template; the proportion of the dominant crystal face of the anode material obtained by sintering is improved, Mn elements are distributed in a gradient and descending manner from the center of the secondary particles to the outer layer, and Ni and Co elements are distributed in a gradient and ascending manner from the center of the secondary particles to the outer layer. The method has simple and controllable process, other impurities are not introduced into the prepared high-nickel precursor and the anode material, the ratio of the dominant crystal face of the anode material is improved, the rate capability is improved, and the components are distributed in a gradient manner to play a positive role in improving the cycle performance of the material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of ternary precursors for lithium ion batteries, and particularly belongs to a crystal face induced high-nickel ternary precursor, a preparation method thereof and a positive electrode material.
Background
With the increasing demand for energy on a global scale and the continued concern for environmental issues, energy conversion to replace the conventional fossil energy with new energy is imminent. As a new energy source, the lithium ion battery for electric vehicles has significant advantages in terms of weight, energy density, and safety, and has become a hotspot of research and development and commercial development. The Ni-Co-Mn ternary positive electrode material Li [ Ni ] is used as the positive electrode material of the batteryxCoyMn1-x-y]O2The lithium ion battery anode material has the advantages of higher energy density, longer cycle life and relatively low cost, is a commonly used anode material for power batteries, and has relatively large-scale application in the fields of new energy automobiles and the like. The nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary cathode material is typical alpha-NaFeO2The layered structure, the primary particles are stacked to form spherical or spheroidal secondary particles. During charging and discharging of lithium ion batteries, Li+Is usually along a layered structure [010 ]]Directional progression, i.e. the {010} crystal plane is said to be the active crystal plane, which can be Li+De-intercalation provides an unobstructed transmission channel, of which [010]Referring to a specific direction, {010} is a family of all crystal planes containing this direction, and therefore these crystal planes are called dominant crystal planes in some reports. Relevant researches show that the rate performance of the material can be obviously improved by increasing the proportion of the dominant crystal face.
Researchers find that the proportion of the dominant crystal face in the primary particles of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary cathode material can be improved by regulating the growth of the crystal face, and the regulation of the growth of the dominant crystal face can be realized by regulating the growth of the crystal face of the primary particles in the high-nickel ternary precursor. The crystal face orientation of the positive electrode material obtained by sintering the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor synthesized by the conventional hydroxide coprecipitation method is random, the proportion of the dominant crystal face is small, and the growth of the crystal face of primary particles in the precursor is mainly regulated and controlled by adding a surfactant in the synthesis process of the precursor in the existing documents and patents, so that the proportion of the dominant crystal face of the positive electrode material is improved, but impurities are introduced due to the addition of the surfactant, and the subsequent washing is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a crystal face induced high-nickel ternary precursor, a preparation method thereof and a positive electrode material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a crystal face induced high-nickel ternary precursor comprises the following steps:
s1 preparation of reaction solution:
preparing a first mixed salt solution by mixing nickel salt, cobalt salt and manganese salt according to a molar ratio of Ni: co: mn ═ x: y: (1-x-y) preparing a first mixed salt solution with the concentration of 1-2.5 mol/L, wherein x is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2, and y is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2;
preparing a second mixed salt solution by mixing nickel salt, cobalt salt and manganese salt according to a molar ratio of Ni: co: mn ═ x: y: (1-x-y) preparing a second mixed salt solution with the concentration of 1.5-2.5 mol/L, wherein x is more than or equal to 0.8 and less than 1;
s2 synthesis of a lithium-rich manganese precursor: introducing a first mixed salt solution, an alkali solution and an ammonia water solution into a reaction system for mixing reaction, controlling the pH value and the ammonia concentration of the reaction system to be constant, stopping feeding when the particle size of particles grows to 1-3 mu m to obtain a first reaction slurry, washing and centrifuging the first reaction slurry to obtain a filter cake, wherein the filter cake is a lithium-rich manganese precursor;
s3 synthesizing a high-nickel ternary precursor: and introducing a lithium-manganese-rich precursor, a second mixed salt solution, an alkali solution and ammonia water into the reaction system for mixing reaction, controlling the pH value and the ammonia concentration of the reaction system to be constant, stopping feeding when the particle size grows to 8-12 mu m to obtain a second reaction slurry, and aging, washing, dehydrating, drying and screening the second reaction slurry to obtain the high-nickel ternary precursor prepared by taking the lithium-manganese-rich precursor as a crystal face induction template.
Further, in step S1, the nickel salt is one of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride and nickel nitrate, the cobalt salt is one of cobalt sulfate, cobalt chloride and cobalt nitrate, and the manganese salt is one of manganese sulfate, manganese chloride and manganese nitrate.
Further, in step S2, the reaction system is a reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled at 50 ℃, the pH value is controlled at 10.50-11.50, the ammonia concentration is controlled at 0.1-0.5M, and the stirring speed is 1000 rpm.
Further, in step S3, the reaction system is a reaction kettle, the reaction temperature of the reaction kettle is maintained at 40 ℃ to 80 ℃, the pH value is 11.10 to 12.30, the ammonia concentration is 0.2M to 0.8M, and the stirring speed is 300rpm to 1000 rpm.
Further, in step S3, the solid content of the reaction system is 2% to 8%, and the solid content is adjusted by deionized water.
Further, in step S3, the aging is performed in an aging kettle, the rotation speed of the aging kettle is 50 rpm-300 rpm, the aging temperature is 40 ℃ to 60 ℃, and the aging time is 2 h-10 h; the drying temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the drying time is 8-30 h.
Further, in the step S2 and the step S3, the concentration of the alkali solution is 2mol/L to 10mol/L, the concentration of the ammonia water solution is 5mol/L to 13mol/L, and the ammonia water solution is used as a complexing agent.
The invention also provides a crystal face induced high-nickel ternary precursor prepared by the preparation method, wherein the chemical formula of the lithium-rich manganese precursor is NixCoyMn(1-x-y)(OH)2Wherein x is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2, y is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2, and the chemical formula of the high-nickel ternary precursor is NixCoyMn(1-x-y)(OH)2Which isX is more than or equal to 0.8 and less than 1.
The invention also provides a positive electrode material, which is prepared by co-sintering a lithium salt and the high-nickel ternary precursor induced by the crystal face at a high temperature, wherein the molar ratio of the lithium salt to the high-nickel ternary precursor is (1-1.3): 1.
Further, the lithium salt is lithium hydroxide, and the high-temperature sintering is carried out for 2 to 8 hours at 300 to 600 ℃ in an oxygen atmosphere, and then the lithium salt is roasted for 10 to 25 hours at 700 to 1000 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a preparation method of a crystal face induced high-nickel ternary precursor, which is characterized in that a lithium-manganese-rich precursor is used as a crystal face inducing template, the high-nickel ternary precursor is synthesized on the lithium-manganese-rich precursor template, the high-nickel ternary precursor does not need to be nucleated independently and can be obtained by directly growing on the lithium-manganese-rich precursor, and the lithium-manganese-rich precursor can realize a hierarchical nano structure in the synthesis process by controlling the pH value and the ammonia concentration in the reaction process, so that the nano structure enables the dominant crystal face in the anode material to be more exposed, and the rate capability of the material is improved.
The particle size of the lithium-rich manganese precursor in the preparation method is 1-3 mu m, the capacity of the final material is ensured in a certain voltage range, and the risk of cracking of the high-nickel ternary precursor can be avoided by limiting the particle size range of the high-nickel ternary precursor to 8-12 mu m.
According to the invention, a lithium-manganese-rich precursor is used as a crystal face induction template to synthesize a high-nickel ternary precursor, and a ternary cathode material with an improved dominant crystal face proportion is obtained after sintering, so that the rate performance of the material is obviously improved; after high-temperature sintering, Mn elements in the anode material are distributed in a gradient descending manner from the center of secondary particles to the outer layer, Ni elements and Co elements are distributed in a gradient ascending manner from the center of the secondary particles to the outer layer, cracks are generated in the particles in the circulation process of a high-nickel material and gradually expand to the surface, the Mn content in the anode material synthesized by the method is high, the structure is stable, the generation of the cracks can be inhibited in the circulation process, and a positive effect is played on the improvement of the circulation performance of the material; in addition, other impurities are not introduced in the synthesis process of the cathode material, so that the cathode material is not adversely affected, and the difficulty of a washing process is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows Ni prepared in example 10.2Co0.2Mn0.6(OH)2Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of lithium-rich manganese precursors at 50000 x;
FIG. 2 shows Ni prepared in example 10.2Co0.2Mn0.6(OH)2Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of lithium-rich manganese precursors at 5000 x;
FIG. 3 shows Ni prepared in example 10.2Co0.2Mn0.6(OH)2Ni with lithium-rich manganese precursor as crystal face induction template0.83Co0.11Mn0.06(OH)2Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of the samples at 50000 x;
FIG. 4 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image at 50000 times of a sample of the positive electrode material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the comparison of the rate performance of a CR2025 button cell assembled by the positive electrode materials prepared in examples 1 and 2 and comparative example 1 at 25 ℃ in a voltage interval of 3-4.3V;
FIG. 6 is a comparison graph of the cycling performance of the CR2025 button cell assembled by the positive electrode materials prepared in example 3 and comparative example 2 at 25 ℃ and in the voltage interval of 3-4.3V.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation. Additionally, the endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below:
a high-nickel ternary precursor, a preparation method thereof and a positive electrode material are provided, wherein the lithium-rich manganese precursor is nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide, the manganese content is more than 60%, the high-nickel ternary precursor is nickel cobalt manganese hydroxide, the positive electrode material is nickel cobalt lithium manganate, and the nickel content is more than or equal to 80%; taking the lithium-manganese-rich precursor as a crystal face induction template to synthesize a high-nickel ternary precursor, namely weighing a certain mass of the lithium-manganese-rich precursor, adding the weighed mass of the lithium-manganese-rich precursor into a reaction kettle to serve as a template, and attaching the high-nickel ternary precursor to the reaction kettle for growth; the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material is a ternary high-nickel positive electrode material in which Mn elements are distributed in a gradient and descending manner from the center of secondary particles to the outer layer, and Ni and Co elements are distributed in a gradient and ascending manner from the center of the secondary particles to the outer layer.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples:
example 1
(1) Preparation of reaction solution: taking deionized water as a solvent, and mixing nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate and manganese sulfate according to the proportion of Ni: co: mn ═ 0.2: dissolving into a first mixed salt solution with the concentration of 2mol/L at the molar ratio of 0.2: 0.6; according to the proportion of Ni: co: dissolving Mn in a molar ratio of 0.83:0.11:0.06 into a second mixed salt solution with the concentration of 2 mol/L; dissolving sodium hydroxide into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 5 mol/L; adopting 13mol/L ammonia water solution as a complexing agent;
(2) synthesizing a lithium-manganese-rich precursor template: setting the temperature of the reaction kettle at 50 ℃, rotating at 1000rpm, and introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle; uniformly and continuously injecting the first mixed salt solution into a reaction kettle at a feeding speed of 10L/h, simultaneously adding an alkali solution and an ammonia water solution to adjust the ammonia concentration in the kettle to be 0.2M and the pH value to be 11.20, and stopping feeding when the particles grow to an average particle size Dv50 of 2 mu M; pumping the slurry in the kettle into a centrifuge, and centrifugally washing by using hot alkali and pure water to obtain a filter cake, wherein the filter cake is a lithium-rich manganese precursor;
(3) synthesizing a high-nickel ternary precursor: weighing a certain mass of filter cake, adding the filter cake into a reaction kettle, and adding deionized water to adjust the solid content in the reaction kettle to be 5%; setting the temperature of a reaction kettle at 60 ℃, rotating at 600rpm, introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle, uniformly and continuously injecting a second mixed salt solution into the reaction kettle, simultaneously adding an alkali solution and an ammonia water solution, adjusting the ammonia concentration in the kettle to be 0.5M, adjusting the pH value to be 11.60, stopping feeding when the average particle size Dv50 in the kettle is 10 mu M, overflowing the slurry in the kettle into an aging kettle, and aging for 2 hours at 50 ℃ and 200 rpm; centrifugally washing and dehydrating the aged material by using hot alkali and pure water, drying for 15h at 110 ℃ in a blast drying oven, and screening for removing iron to obtain a high-nickel ternary precursor taking a lithium-manganese-rich precursor as a crystal face induction template;
(4) synthesizing a positive electrode material: and (3) uniformly mixing lithium hydroxide and the precursor obtained in the step (3) according to a molar ratio of 1.05:1, pre-sintering at 300 ℃ for 2 hours in an oxygen atmosphere of a box furnace, roasting at 750 ℃ for 15 hours at high temperature, cooling to room temperature, discharging, crushing and screening to obtain the ternary lithium ion anode material with the advantages of crystal face proportion improvement, gradient decreasing distribution of Mn elements from the center of secondary particles to the outer layer, and gradient increasing distribution of Ni and Co elements from the center of secondary particles to the outer layer.
FIGS. 1 and 2 show Ni prepared in example 10.2Co0.2Mn0.6(OH)2The lithium-rich manganese precursor shows that the secondary particles are spherical, the particle size is about 2-3 microns, the primary particles forming the secondary particles are in a nano-sheet layer shape and have obvious orientation, and the gaps among the nano-sheet layers are favorable for Li+Diffusion in the high-temperature calcination process and reserve enough space for the growth of crystals; FIG. 3 shows Ni prepared in example 10.2Co0.2Mn0.6(OH)2Lithium-rich manganese precursor as crystal face induction template Ni0.83Co0.11Mn0.06(OH)2The micro morphology of the precursor can show that primary particles are in a thicker lath shape, and the arrangement has obvious orientation; fig. 4 shows the microscopic morphology of the cathode material prepared in example 1, which shows that the secondary particles are blocky, are distributed uniformly, have smooth surfaces, and have no impurities such as residual lithium.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of reaction solution: taking deionized water as a solvent, and mixing nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate and manganese sulfate according to the proportion of Ni: co: dissolving Mn in a molar ratio of 0.2:0.2:0.6 into a first mixed salt solution with a concentration of 2mol/L, adding Ni: co: dissolving Mn in a molar ratio of 0.83:0.11:0.06 into a second mixed salt solution with the concentration of 2 mol/L; dissolving sodium hydroxide into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 10 mol/L; 5mol/L ammonia water solution is used as a complexing agent;
(2) synthesizing a lithium-manganese-rich precursor template: setting the temperature of a reaction kettle at 50 ℃, rotating at 1000rpm, introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle, uniformly and continuously injecting the first mixed salt solution into the reaction kettle at a feeding speed of 10L/h, simultaneously adding an alkali solution and an ammonia water solution, adjusting the ammonia concentration in the reaction kettle to be 0.5M and the pH value to be 11.50, and stopping feeding when the particles grow to 2 μ M (Dv 50); pumping the slurry in the kettle into a centrifuge, and centrifugally washing by using hot alkali and pure water to obtain a filter cake, wherein the filter cake is a lithium-rich manganese precursor;
(3) synthesizing a high-nickel ternary precursor: weighing a certain mass of filter cake, adding the filter cake into a reaction kettle, and adding deionized water to adjust the solid content in the reaction kettle to be 3%; setting the temperature of a reaction kettle at 70 ℃, rotating at 800rpm, introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle, uniformly and continuously injecting a second mixed salt solution into the reaction kettle, simultaneously adding an alkali solution and an ammonia water solution, adjusting the ammonia concentration in the kettle to be 0.6M, adjusting the pH value to be 11.80, stopping feeding when the particles grow to 10 μ M of Dv50, overflowing the slurry in the kettle to an aging kettle, aging for 5 hours, wherein the temperature of the aging kettle is 60 ℃, and the rotating speed is 300 rpm; centrifugally washing and dehydrating the aged material by using hot alkali and pure water, drying the material in a blast drying oven at 100 ℃ for 30h, and screening the material to remove iron to obtain a high-nickel ternary precursor taking the lithium-manganese-rich precursor as a crystal face induction template;
(4) synthesizing a positive electrode material: uniformly mixing lithium hydroxide and the precursor obtained in the step (3) according to a molar ratio of 1:1, pre-sintering at 400 ℃ for 3h in an oxygen atmosphere of a box furnace, then roasting at 700 ℃ for 25h, cooling to room temperature, discharging, crushing and screening to obtain the ternary lithium ion anode material with the advantages of crystal face proportion improvement, gradient decreasing distribution of Mn elements from the center of secondary particles to the outer layer, and gradient increasing distribution of Ni and Co elements from the center of secondary particles to the outer layer.
Example 3
(1) Preparation of reaction solution: taking deionized water as a solvent, and mixing nickel nitrate, cobalt nitrate and manganese nitrate according to the proportion of Ni: co: the Mn was dissolved in a molar ratio of 0.2:0.1:0.7 into a first mixed salt solution with a concentration of 2.5mol/L, in the molar ratio Ni: co: dissolving Mn in a molar ratio of 0.88:0.09:0.03 into a second mixed salt solution with the concentration of 2.5 mol/L; dissolving sodium hydroxide into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2 mol/L; adopting 10mol/L ammonia water solution as a complexing agent;
(2) synthesizing a lithium-manganese-rich precursor template: setting the temperature of a reaction kettle at 50 ℃, rotating at 1000rpm, introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle, uniformly and continuously injecting the first mixed salt solution into the reaction kettle at a feeding speed of 10L/h, simultaneously adding an alkali solution and an ammonia water solution, adjusting the ammonia concentration in the kettle to be 0.4M and the pH value to be 10.5, and stopping feeding when the particles grow to 1 μ M when Dv50 is formed; pumping the slurry in the kettle into a centrifuge, and centrifugally washing by using hot alkali and pure water to obtain a filter cake, wherein the filter cake is a lithium-rich manganese precursor;
(3) synthesizing a high-nickel ternary precursor: weighing a certain mass of filter cake, adding the filter cake into a reaction kettle, and adding deionized water to adjust the solid content to be 2%; setting the temperature of a reaction kettle at 40 ℃, rotating at 1000rpm, introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle, uniformly and continuously injecting a second mixed salt solution into the reaction kettle, simultaneously adding an alkali solution and an ammonia water solution, adjusting the ammonia concentration in the kettle to be 0.2M, adjusting the pH value to be 11.10, stopping feeding when the particles grow to 8 μ M or more in Dv50, overflowing the slurry in the kettle into an aging kettle, and aging for 10 hours, wherein the temperature of the aging kettle is 40 ℃ and the rotating speed is 50 rpm; centrifugally washing and dehydrating the aged material by using hot alkali and pure water, drying for 8 hours at 120 ℃ in a blast drying oven, and screening for removing iron to obtain a high-nickel ternary precursor taking a lithium-manganese-rich precursor as a crystal face induction template;
(4) synthesizing a positive electrode material: uniformly mixing lithium hydroxide and the precursor obtained in the step (3) according to a molar ratio of 1.1:1, pre-sintering at 450 ℃ for 8 hours in an oxygen atmosphere of a box furnace, then roasting at 1000 ℃ for 10 hours, cooling to room temperature, discharging, crushing and screening to obtain the ternary lithium ion anode material with the advantages of crystal face proportion improvement, gradient decreasing distribution of Mn elements from the center of secondary particles to the outer layer, and gradient increasing distribution of Ni and Co elements from the center of secondary particles to the outer layer.
Example 4
(1) Preparation of reaction solution: taking deionized water as a solvent, and mixing nickel chloride, cobalt chloride and manganese chloride according to the proportion of Ni: co: mn ═ 0.2:0.1:0.7 into a first mixed salt solution with a concentration of 1.0mol/L, in terms of Ni: co: dissolving Mn in a molar ratio of 0.80:0.07:0.02 into a second mixed salt solution with the concentration of 1.0 mol/L; dissolving sodium hydroxide into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 5 mol/L; adopting 10mol/L ammonia water solution as a complexing agent;
(2) synthesizing a lithium-manganese-rich precursor template: setting the temperature of a reaction kettle at 50 ℃, rotating at 1000rpm, introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle, uniformly and continuously injecting the first mixed salt solution into the reaction kettle at a feeding speed of 10L/h, simultaneously adding an alkali solution and an ammonia water solution, adjusting the ammonia concentration in the kettle to be 0.1M and the pH value to be 10.8, and stopping feeding when the particles grow to 3 μ M or more Dv 50; pumping the slurry in the kettle into a centrifuge, and centrifugally washing by using hot alkali and pure water to obtain a filter cake, wherein the filter cake is a lithium-rich manganese precursor;
(3) synthesizing a high-nickel ternary precursor: weighing a certain mass of filter cake, adding the filter cake into a reaction kettle, and adding deionized water to adjust the solid content to be 8%; setting the temperature of a reaction kettle at 80 ℃, rotating at 300rpm, introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle, uniformly and continuously injecting a second mixed salt solution into the reaction kettle, simultaneously adding an alkali solution and an ammonia water solution, adjusting the ammonia concentration in the kettle to be 0.8M, adjusting the pH value to be 12.30, stopping feeding when the particles grow to 12 μ M or less of Dv50, overflowing the slurry in the kettle into an aging kettle, and aging for 2 hours, wherein the temperature of the aging kettle is 50 ℃ and the rotating speed is 100 rpm; centrifugally washing and dehydrating the aged material by using hot alkali and pure water, drying for 15h at 100 ℃ in a blast drying oven, and screening for removing iron to obtain a high-nickel ternary precursor taking a lithium-manganese-rich precursor as a crystal face induction template;
(4) synthesizing a positive electrode material: and (3) uniformly mixing lithium hydroxide and the precursor obtained in the step (3) according to a molar ratio of 1.3:1, pre-sintering at 600 ℃ for 5 hours in an oxygen atmosphere of a box furnace, roasting at 800 ℃ for 16 hours at high temperature, cooling to room temperature, discharging, crushing and screening to obtain the ternary lithium ion anode material with the advantages of improved crystal face ratio, gradient decreasing distribution of Mn elements from the center of secondary particles to the outer layer, and gradient increasing distribution of Ni and Co elements from the center of secondary particles to the outer layer.
Comparative example 1
(1) Preparation of reaction solution: taking deionized water as a solvent, and mixing nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate and manganese sulfate according to the proportion of Ni: co: dissolving Mn in a molar ratio of 0.83:0.11:0.06 into a mixed salt solution with the concentration of 2 mol/L; dissolving sodium hydroxide into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 10mol/L, and adopting an ammonia water solution with the concentration of 13mol/L as a complexing agent.
(2) Preparing a precursor: setting the temperature of a reaction kettle at 65 ℃, rotating at 700rpm, introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle, uniformly and continuously injecting a mixed salt solution into the reaction kettle, simultaneously adding an alkali solution and an ammonia water solution, adjusting the ammonia concentration in the kettle to be 0.3M, adjusting the pH value to be 11.60, and stopping feeding when the particles grow to a Dv50 ═ 10 mu M; overflowing the slurry in the kettle to an aging kettle for aging for 2 hours, wherein the temperature of the aging kettle is 50 ℃, and the rotating speed is 200 rpm; centrifugally washing and dehydrating the aged material by using hot alkali and pure water, drying for 15h at 110 ℃ in a forced air drying oven, and then screening for removing iron to obtain a ternary precursor;
(3) preparing a positive electrode material: and (3) uniformly mixing lithium hydroxide and the precursor obtained in the step (2) according to the molar ratio of 1.03:1, pre-sintering at 300 ℃ for 2 hours in an oxygen atmosphere of a box furnace, roasting at 750 ℃ for 16 hours at high temperature, cooling to room temperature, discharging, crushing and screening to obtain the ternary lithium ion anode material.
Comparative example 2
(1) Preparation of reaction solution: taking deionized water as a solvent, and mixing nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate and manganese sulfate according to the proportion of Ni: co: dissolving Mn in a molar ratio of 0.88:0.09:0.03 into a mixed salt solution with the concentration of 2 mol/L; dissolving sodium hydroxide into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 5 mol/L; 10mol/L ammonia water solution is adopted as a complexing agent.
(2) Preparing a precursor: setting the temperature of the reaction kettle at 50 ℃, rotating at 600rpm, introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle, and adjusting the ammonia concentration in the kettle to be 0.2M and the pH value to be 11.50(30 ℃); continuously injecting the mixed salt solution into a reaction kettle, simultaneously adding an alkali solution and an ammonia water solution to maintain the ammonia concentration and the pH value in the kettle to be constant, and stopping feeding when the particles grow to Dv50 which is 8 mu m; overflowing the slurry in the kettle to an aging kettle for aging for 2 hours, wherein the temperature of the aging kettle is 50 ℃, and the rotating speed is 200 rpm; centrifugally washing and dehydrating the aged material by using hot alkali and pure water, drying for 12 hours in a forced air drying oven at 110 ℃, and then screening for removing iron to obtain a ternary precursor;
(3) preparing a positive electrode material: and (3) uniformly mixing lithium hydroxide and the precursor obtained in the step (2) according to a molar ratio of 1.05:1, pre-sintering at 300 ℃ for 2h in an oxygen atmosphere of a box furnace, roasting at 780 ℃ for 15h at high temperature, cooling to room temperature, discharging, crushing and screening to obtain the ternary lithium ion anode material.
The ternary positive electrode materials prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 are uniformly mixed with carbon black and PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) and coated on an aluminum foil to prepare a positive plate, the positive plate is assembled with a lithium metal plate, a diaphragm and electrolyte in a vacuum glove box to form a CR2025 button cell, the discharge capacity is tested at 0.1C rate under the charge-discharge limiting voltage of 3.0-4.5V through an electrochemical performance tester, and then the capacity retention rate is tested under 1C for 100-week cycle, wherein the specific discharge capacity and the capacity retention rate are shown in Table 1:
table 1 table of test results of specific discharge capacity and capacity retention rate
| Specific discharge capacity (mAh/g) | 100-week cycle capacity retention (%) | |
| Example 1 | 209.8 | 83.6 |
| Example 2 | 210.2 | 82.8 |
| Comparative example 1 | 212.4 | 72.5 |
| Example 3 | 219.2 | 82.3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 223.7 | 70.3 |
It can be seen from table 1 that although the discharge capacities of examples 1 and 2 of the present invention are slightly lower than that of comparative example 1, and the discharge capacity of example 3 is lower than that of comparative example 2, the cycle performance of examples 1, 2 and 3 is significantly improved, and the discharge capacity retention rate at 100 cycles is still more than 82%. As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, the rate performance of the embodiments 1 and 2 is significantly higher than that of the embodiment 1, and the rate performance of the embodiment 3 is significantly better than that of the comparative example 2, which shows that the superior crystal face ratio of the cathode material obtained after sintering is significantly improved by synthesizing the high-nickel ternary precursor with the lithium-rich manganese precursor as the crystal face induction template.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a crystal face induced high-nickel ternary precursor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 preparation of reaction solution:
preparing a first mixed salt solution by mixing nickel salt, cobalt salt and manganese salt according to a molar ratio of Ni: co: mn ═ x: y: (1-x-y) preparing a first mixed salt solution with the concentration of 1-2.5 mol/L, wherein x is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2, and y is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2;
preparing a second mixed salt solution by mixing nickel salt, cobalt salt and manganese salt according to a molar ratio of Ni: co: mn ═ x: y: (1-x-y) preparing a second mixed salt solution with the concentration of 1.5-2.5 mol/L, wherein x is more than or equal to 0.8 and less than 1;
s2 synthesis of a lithium-rich manganese precursor: introducing a first mixed salt solution, an alkali solution and an ammonia water solution into a reaction system for mixing reaction, controlling the pH value and the ammonia concentration of the reaction system to be constant, stopping feeding when the particle size of particles grows to 1-3 mu m to obtain a first reaction slurry, washing and centrifuging the first reaction slurry to obtain a filter cake, wherein the filter cake is a lithium-rich manganese precursor;
s3 synthesizing a high-nickel ternary precursor: and introducing a lithium-manganese-rich precursor, a second mixed salt solution, an alkali solution and ammonia water into the reaction system for mixing reaction, controlling the pH value and the ammonia concentration of the reaction system to be constant, stopping feeding when the particle size grows to 8-12 mu m to obtain a second reaction slurry, and aging, centrifuging, washing, dehydrating, drying and screening the second reaction slurry to obtain the high-nickel ternary precursor prepared by taking the lithium-manganese-rich precursor as a crystal face induction template.
2. The method for preparing a crystal plane-induced high-nickel ternary precursor as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the nickel salt is one of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride and nickel nitrate, the cobalt salt is one of cobalt sulfate, cobalt chloride and cobalt nitrate, and the manganese salt is one of manganese sulfate, manganese chloride and manganese nitrate.
3. The method for preparing the crystal plane-induced high-nickel ternary precursor according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the reaction system is a reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is controlled to be 50 ℃, the pH value is 10.50-11.50, the ammonia concentration is 0.1-0.5M, and the stirring speed is 1000 rpm.
4. The method for preparing the crystal plane-induced high-nickel ternary precursor according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the reaction system is a reaction kettle, the reaction temperature of the reaction kettle is kept at 40-80 ℃, the pH value is 11.10-12.30, the ammonia concentration is 0.2-0.8M, and the stirring speed is 300-1000 rpm.
5. The method for preparing the crystal face-induced high-nickel ternary precursor according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the solid content of the reaction system is 2% to 8%, and the solid content is adjusted by deionized water.
6. The method for preparing a crystal face-induced high-nickel ternary precursor as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the aging is performed in an aging kettle, the rotation speed of the aging kettle is 50-300 rpm, the aging temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the aging time is 2-10 h; the drying temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the drying time is 8-30 h.
7. The method for preparing the crystal plane-induced high-nickel ternary precursor according to claim 1, wherein in the steps S2 and S3, the concentration of the alkali solution is 2 mol/L-10 mol/L, the concentration of the ammonia water solution is 5 mol/L-13 mol/L, and the ammonia water solution is used as a complexing agent.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the lithium-rich manganese precursor has a chemical formula of NixCoyMn(1-x-y)(OH)2Wherein x is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2, y is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2, and the chemical formula of the high-nickel ternary precursor is NixCoyMn(1-x-y)(OH)2Wherein x is more than or equal to 0.8 and less than 1.
9. A positive electrode material is characterized by being prepared by high-temperature sintering of a lithium salt and the crystal face induced high-nickel ternary precursor as described in claim 8, wherein the molar ratio of the lithium salt to the high-nickel ternary precursor is (1-1.3): 1.
10. The positive electrode material of claim 9, wherein the lithium salt is lithium hydroxide, and the high-temperature sintering is performed for 2h to 8h at 300 ℃ to 600 ℃ in an oxygen atmosphere, and then performed for 10h to 25h at 700 ℃ to 1000 ℃.
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| CN115849460A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-03-28 | 中南大学 | Preparation method for regulating crystal face preferential growth of ternary material (010) |
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| CN112086616A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2020-12-15 | 四川工程职业技术学院 | Preparation method of large (010) crystal face nickel-cobalt-manganese/aluminum layered positive electrode material |
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