CN113015289A - LED constant current drive circuit with low power consumption - Google Patents
LED constant current drive circuit with low power consumption Download PDFInfo
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- CN113015289A CN113015289A CN202110277194.XA CN202110277194A CN113015289A CN 113015289 A CN113015289 A CN 113015289A CN 202110277194 A CN202110277194 A CN 202110277194A CN 113015289 A CN113015289 A CN 113015289A
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- constant current
- switching tube
- led lamp
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/345—Current stabilisation; Maintaining constant current
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-power-consumption LED constant current driving circuit, which relates to the technical field of vehicle lamp control, wherein a switching tube, a switching tube control circuit and a constant current source are integrated in a driving channel in a constant current driving chip in the LED constant current driving circuit, the switching tube control circuit samples the real-time voltage of the anode of the constant current source and is connected with the control end of the switching tube, the switching tube control circuit adaptively adjusts the conduction quantity of the switching tube according to the change of the real-time voltage of the anode of the constant current source so that the real-time voltage of the anode of the constant current source is basically stabilized at the minimum working voltage, the circuit designs the internal circuit structure of the constant current driving chip, and can effectively share the power consumption of the driving channel in the chip by combining with an external power resistor, so that the power in the chip is reduced, the heating is reduced, and the.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle lamp control, in particular to a low-power-consumption LED constant-current driving circuit.
Background
Referring to fig. 1, a circuit structure diagram of a current car light control system generally includes a plurality of LED channels, in fig. 1, three channels are taken as an example, a preceding stage outputs a constant supply voltage VCC to supply the plurality of LED channels by using a voltage stabilizing circuit, each LED channel may include a plurality of LED lamp beads connected in series, and then is controlled by a constant current source I to make the LED lamp beads emit light at a constant current, the voltage stabilizing circuit may be implemented by a DCDC or LDO, and the constant current source I in different LED channels may be implemented by different channels in one constant current source chip.
In practical application, a plurality of LED lamp beads with different models or different classifications (BIN values) are mixed in the vehicle lamp control system, because the LED lamp beads have different models and/or BIN values, the operating voltages of the LED lamp beads are different, so that the voltages of the LED channels are greatly different, and in order to enable the LED lamp beads of all channels to normally operate, the supply voltage VCC of the voltage stabilizing circuit is selected based on the highest normal operating voltage required by the LED channel, so that for other LED channels with lower normal operating voltages, the voltage Vc of the positive pole of the constant current source I is greater than the minimum operating voltage required to maintain the constant current of the constant current source, and at this time, the supply voltage VCC provides the normal operating voltage of the LED lamp beads and maintains the normal operating voltage of the constant current source, and also has a part of voltage to be borne by the constant current source I, which causes the constant current source I to generate extra power consumption, thereby generating extra heat, the generated power consumption of the constant current source I is Pt ═ Ic × VCWhere Ic is the current of a constant current source I, VCIs the voltage of the positive pole of the constant current source. When the number of the LED channels is increased to a certain number, the heat generation of the constant current source chip is obviously increased, and the chip schemes with more channels cannot meet the requirement of thermal resistance parameters due to heat, so that the LED heat source chip is not feasible.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an LED constant current driving circuit with low power consumption aiming at the problems and the technical requirements, and the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an LED constant current driving circuit with low power consumption comprises: the LED constant current driving circuit comprises an LED lamp bank, a power resistor and a constant current driving chip, wherein a switching tube, a switching tube control circuit and a constant current source are integrated in a driving channel in the constant current driving chip, the anode of the LED lamp bank is connected with a power supply voltage, the cathode of the LED lamp bank is connected with the anode of the constant current source in the constant current driving chip sequentially through the power resistor, the cathode of the constant current source is grounded, the cathode of the LED lamp bank is connected with the first end of the switching tube in the constant current driving chip, the second end of the switching tube is connected with the anode of the constant current source in the constant current driving chip, and the switching tube control circuit samples the real-time voltage of the anode;
the switch tube control circuit adaptively adjusts the conduction quantity of the switch tube according to the change of the real-time voltage of the anode of the constant current source, and controls the conduction quantity of the switch tube to be increased when the real-time voltage of the anode of the constant current source is reduced.
The further technical scheme is that the switch tube control circuit comprises an operational amplifier, wherein the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected with a reference voltage, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the anode of the constant current source, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the control end of the switch tube:
when the voltage of the cathode of the LED lamp group is increased, the real-time voltage sampled to the anode of the constant current source by the switching tube control circuit is increased, the output signal of the switching tube control circuit is reduced, the conduction quantity of the switching tube is reduced, and the current passing through the switching tube is reduced until the switching tube is completely turned off;
when the voltage of the cathode of the LED lamp group is reduced, the real-time voltage of the anode of the constant current source sampled by the switch tube control circuit is reduced, the output signal of the switch tube control circuit is increased, the conduction quantity of the switch tube is increased, and the current passing through the switch tube is increased until the switch tube is completely conducted.
The further technical scheme is that when the switching tube is completely turned off or completely turned on, the power of a driving channel of the constant current driving chip is P-V0IC；
In the process that the conduction quantity of the switching tube is increased, the power consumption of a driving channel of the constant current driving chip is
Wherein, VLEDIs the voltage of the cathode of the LED lamp set, V0 is the minimum operating voltage of the constant current source, ICIs the current of the constant current source, and R is the resistance of the power resistor.
The further technical scheme is that the resistance value of the power resistor is
V1 is the maximum voltage value of the cathode of the LED lamp set under the power supply voltage, V0 is the minimum working voltage of the constant current source, ICIs the current of the constant current source.
The LED lamp set further comprises a PWM control circuit, a differential detection circuit and an ADC detection circuit, wherein the drive channel in the constant current drive chip is also integrated with the PWM control circuit, the negative electrode of the constant current source is grounded through a control switch, the PWM control circuit controls the on-off of the control switch, two differential input ends of the differential detection circuit are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the LED lamp set, and the output end of the differential detection circuit is connected with the ADC detection circuit; when the PWM control circuit controls the control switch to be switched on and off, the ADC detection circuit obtains the PN junction voltage of the LED lamp group through the differential detection circuit and determines the working state data of the LED lamp group.
The further technical scheme is that the determined working state data of the LED lamp group comprises any one of short circuit state, open circuit state and lamp bead temperature data.
The constant current driving chip comprises a plurality of driving channels, wherein a first pin of each driving channel is led out from a first end of a switching tube in each driving channel, and a second pin of each driving channel is led out from a second end of the switching tube;
the LED constant current driving circuit comprises a plurality of LED lamp groups, each LED lamp group corresponds to one driving channel in the constant current driving chip, the anodes of the LED lamp groups are connected with each other and the power supply voltage, and the cathode of each LED lamp group is connected with the first pin of the corresponding driving channel and the second pin of the corresponding driving channel through the corresponding power resistor.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the application discloses LED constant current drive circuit of low-power consumption, this circuit has designed the internal circuit structure of constant current drive chip, combines external power resistor can effectively share the consumption of drive channel in the chip for the power reduces, the reduction of generating heat in the chip, thereby can be applicable to in the multichannel scheme better. In addition, the constant current driving chip can be compatible with a conventional circuit structure without being externally connected with a power resistor, and has good adaptability. The power supply voltage does not need to be increased, so that the automobile battery voltage regulator can work within the minimum requirement range of the public voltage of the automobile battery. The circuit structure of the driving channel in the chip can be further expanded, and a fault diagnosis and measurement system is matched, so that the functions are richer, and the practicability is stronger.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of a conventional car light control system.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the LED constant current driving circuit of the present application in a single-channel case.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the LED constant current driving circuit of the present application in a multi-channel case.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the LED constant current driving circuit of the present application in a single-channel case.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The application discloses LED constant current drive circuit of low-power consumption, please refer to FIG. 2, this LED constant current drive circuit includes: LED banks L, power resistance R and constant current drive chip. A switch tube T, a switch tube control circuit and a constant current source I are integrated in a drive channel in a constant current drive chip, the anode of an LED lamp group L is connected with a power supply voltage VCC, the cathode of the LED lamp group L is connected with the anode of the constant current source I in the constant current drive chip sequentially through a power resistor R, the cathode of the constant current source I is grounded, the cathode of the LED lamp group L is also connected with the first end of the switch tube T in the constant current drive chip, and the second end of the switch tube T is connected with the anode of the constant current source I in the constant current drive chip. The switch tube control circuit samples the real-time voltage V of the positive pole of the constant current source IIConnected with the control end of a switch tube T, and a switch tube control circuit is used for controlling the current according to the real-time voltage V of the anode of a constant current source IIThe change of the constant current source I adaptively adjusts the conduction quantity of the switching tube T, and when the real-time voltage V of the anode of the constant current source I isIWhen the current is reduced, the conduction quantity of the control switch tube T is increased. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) voltage V of cathode of LED lamp set LLEDWhen increasing, the current on the power resistor R is gradually increasedIncreasing the real-time voltage V of the anode of the constant current source IIWill become high due to the increase of the current, that is, the switch tube control circuit samples the real-time voltage V of the anode of the constant current source IIIncreasing, at the moment, the output signal of the switch tube control circuit is reduced and the conduction quantity of the driving switch tube T is reduced, so that the current I passing through the switch tube T is reducedTReduce to maintain the real-time voltage V of the anode of the constant current source IIIs substantially stabilized at the minimum operating voltage V0 of the constant current source, so that the current through the switching tube T plus the current through the power resistor R is equal to the current I of the constant current sourceC。
Voltage V of cathode of LED lamp set LLEDWhen the current continues to increase, the current on the power resistor R is enough to meet the requirement of the constant current source I, and then VIThe voltage will be raised and the switching tube T is completely switched off.
(2) Voltage V of cathode of LED lamp set LLEDWhen the voltage is reduced, the current on the power resistor R is gradually reduced, and the real-time voltage V of the anode of the constant current source I is reducedIWill be reduced due to the reduction of current, that is, the switch tube control circuit samples the real-time voltage V of the anode of the constant current source IIDecreasing, at the moment, the output signal of the switch tube control circuit increases and drives the conduction quantity of the switch tube T to increase, so that the current I passing through the switch tube TTIncreasing to maintain the real-time voltage V of the anode of the constant current source IIIs substantially stabilized at the minimum operating voltage V0 of the constant current source, so that the current through the switching tube T plus the current through the power resistor R is equal to the current I of the constant current sourceC。
Voltage V of cathode of LED lamp set LLEDWhen the voltage is continuously reduced to be equal to or less than the minimum working voltage V0 of the constant current source, the switch tube T is completely conducted, and the two ends of the power resistor R are approximately short-circuited by the switch tube T.
In the above circuit structure, the switching transistor T may be implemented by a MOS transistor, a triode, an IGBT, and other common switching transistors. The switching tube control circuit can be realized by a circuit with a sampling control function, and the application provides an implementation mode as shown in fig. 2, wherein the switching tube control circuit comprises an operational amplifier A, and the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier A is connected with a reference voltage VREFThe negative phase input end is connected with the positive pole of the constant current source I, the output end is connected with the control end of the switch tube T, and when V isLEDIncrease results in VIWhen the voltage is increased, the output of the operational amplifier A is positive voltage and is continuously reduced, so that the conduction quantity of the switching tube T is reduced until VIWhen the voltage is increased continuously until the voltage reaches VREF, the output of the operational amplifier A is negative voltage, so that the switching tube T is completely turned off; when V isLEDDecrease results in VIWhen the voltage is decreased, the output of the operational amplifier a is positive and continuously increases, so that the conduction amount of the switching tube T increases until the switching tube T is completely conducted.
In the above process, the voltage V of the cathode of the LED lamp set LLEDContinuing to increase until the maximum voltage value V1 of the cathode of the LED lamp set at the supply voltage VCC is reached, the switching tube T is completely turned off, and at this time, all the current passes through the power resistor R
In the above process, when the switching tube T is completely turned off or completely turned on, the power of the driving channel of the constant current driving chip is P-V0 ═ ICIn the process that the conduction quantity of the switching tube is increased, the power consumption of a driving channel of the constant current driving chip is
Wherein, VLEDIs the voltage of the cathode of the LED lamp set, V0 is the minimum operating voltage of the constant current source, ICIs the current of the constant current source, and R is the resistance of the power resistor. By calculating the current passing through the switch tube T
When the power of the switching tube T is the maximum, but the whole power consumption of the driving channel is reduced, and the maximum power of the switching tube T and the constant current source I is far smaller than that of the traditional scheme. To illustrate the low power consumption effect of the present application, the present application is described with an example as follows:
assuming that the same LED lamp bead has different BIN values, the minimum voltage is 1.9V and the maximum voltage is 2.65V, so that the LED lamp groupThe LED lamp is formed by connecting 3 LED lamp beads in series, the minimum voltage drop of the LED lamp group is 1.9X 3-5.7V, the maximum voltage drop is 2.65X 3-7.95V, and the current I of the constant current source ICTaking the minimum operating voltage V0 of the constant current source I as 0.5V for example, VCC is selected based on the maximum voltage drop of the LED lamp set, and VCC is selected as 7.95+ 0.5V as 8.45V, on the basis of which the power is calculated according to the conventional circuit configuration shown in fig. 1 and the circuit configuration of the present application shown in fig. 2 as follows:
in the conventional circuit configuration shown in fig. 1:
(a) when the voltage drop of the LED lamp group is minimum, Pt is equal to IC*VC＝50mA*(VCC-5.7V)＝137.5mW。
(b) When the voltage drop of the LED lamp group is maximum, Pt is equal to IC*VC＝50mA*(VCC-7.95V)＝25mW。
(c) When the LED lamp group voltage drop is in the middle value (6.825V), Pt is IC*VC＝50mA*(VCC-6.825V)＝81.25mW。
In the circuit configuration of the present application shown in figure 2,
(a) when the voltage drop of the LED lamp group is minimum, P-V0IC0.5V 50mA 25mW (power dissipated by an external power resistor R).
(b) When the voltage drop of the LED lamp group is maximum, P-V0IC＝0.5V*50mA＝25mW。
(c) When the LED lamp group voltage drop is at the median value (6.825V), VLEDWhen VCC-6.825V is 1.625V
(worst case).
As can be seen from the comparison, in the structure of the present application, the power of the driving channel in the constant current driving chip is smaller than that of the conventional scheme, and thus the heat generation is also reduced.
Optionally, the constant current driving chip of the present application may also be integrated with multiple channels, that is, the constant current driving chip includes multiple driving channels, each driving channel has a structure as shown in fig. 2, a first pin p1 LED out as a driving channel from a first end of a switching tube in each driving channel, and a second pin p2 LED out as a driving channel from a second end, so that the LED constant current driving circuit includes multiple LED lamp sets, each LED lamp set corresponds to one driving channel in the constant current driving chip, anodes of the LED lamp sets are connected to a power supply voltage VCC, and a cathode of each LED lamp set is connected to a first pin p1 of the corresponding driving channel and is also connected to a second pin p2 of the corresponding driving channel through a corresponding power resistor. As shown in fig. 3, the LED lamp group L1 is connected to two pins of the driving channel 1 by its corresponding R1, the LED lamp group L2 is connected to two pins of the driving channel 2 by its corresponding R2, and the LED lamp group L3 is connected to two pins of the driving channel 3 by its corresponding R3. And the anodes of all the LED lamp groups are connected with a supply voltage VCC, and the supply voltage VCC can be obtained by a battery VBAT through an LDO or BUCK chip in practical application.
On the basis of the circuit structure, a PWM control circuit, a differential detection circuit and an ADC detection circuit are further integrated in each driving channel in the application, the circuit shown in fig. 2 is further expanded to be shown in fig. 4, the negative electrode of a constant current source I is grounded through a control switch K, the PWM control circuit controls the on-off of the control switch K to light an LED lamp bank, two differential input ends of the differential detection circuit are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the LED lamp bank, and the output end of the differential detection circuit is connected with the ADC detection circuit. When the PWM control circuit controls the control switch to be switched on and off, the ADC detection circuit obtains the PN junction voltage of the LED lamp group through the differential detection circuit and determines the working state data of the LED lamp group. The determined working state data of the LED lamp set comprise any one of short circuit state, open circuit state and lamp bead temperature data, so that the functions of fault diagnosis and temperature measurement can be realized.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. It is to be understood that other modifications and variations directly derivable or suggested by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concept of the present invention are to be considered as included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The LED constant current driving circuit with low power consumption is characterized by comprising: the LED constant current driving circuit comprises an LED lamp bank, a power resistor and a constant current driving chip, wherein a switching tube, a switching tube control circuit and a constant current source are integrated in a driving channel in the constant current driving chip, the anode of the LED lamp bank is connected with a power supply voltage, the cathode of the LED lamp bank is connected with the anode of the constant current source in the constant current driving chip in sequence through the power resistor, the cathode of the constant current source is grounded, the cathode of the LED lamp bank is connected with the first end of the switching tube in the constant current driving chip, the second end of the switching tube is connected with the anode of the constant current source in the constant current driving chip, and the switching tube control circuit samples the real-time voltage of the anode of the constant current source and is connected with the control end of the;
the switching tube control circuit adaptively adjusts the conduction quantity of the switching tube according to the change of the real-time voltage of the anode of the constant current source, and controls the conduction quantity of the switching tube to be increased when the real-time voltage of the anode of the constant current source is reduced.
2. The LED constant current driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein the switching tube control circuit comprises an operational amplifier, a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to a reference voltage, an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the positive electrode of the constant current source, and an output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the control terminal of the switching tube:
when the voltage of the cathode of the LED lamp group is increased, the real-time voltage of the anode of the constant current source is increased by the switching tube control circuit, the output signal of the switching tube control circuit is reduced, the conduction quantity of the switching tube is reduced, and the current passing through the switching tube is reduced until the switching tube is completely turned off;
when the voltage of the cathode of the LED lamp group is reduced, the real-time voltage of the anode of the constant current source sampled by the switch tube control circuit is reduced, the output signal of the switch tube control circuit is increased and drives the conduction quantity of the switch tube to be increased, so that the current passing through the switch tube is increased until the switch tube is completely conducted.
3. The LED constant current drive circuit according to claim 1,
when the switching tube is completely turned off or completely turned on, the power of a driving channel of the constant current driving chip is P-V0IC；
In the process that the conduction quantity of the switching tube is increased, the power consumption of a driving channel of the constant current driving chip is
Wherein, VLEDIs the voltage of the cathode of the LED lamp set, V0 is the minimum operating voltage of the constant current source, ICIs the current of the constant current source, and R is the resistance value of the power resistor.
4. The LED constant-current driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein the power resistor has a resistance value of
V1 is the maximum voltage value of the cathode of the LED lamp set under the power supply voltage, V0 is the minimum working voltage of the constant current source, ICIs the current of the constant current source.
5. The LED constant-current driving circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a PWM control circuit, a differential detection circuit and an ADC detection circuit are further integrated in the driving channel in the constant-current driving chip, a negative electrode of the constant-current source is grounded through a control switch, the PWM control circuit controls the on-off of the control switch, two differential input ends of the differential detection circuit are respectively connected with a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the LED lamp set, and an output end of the differential detection circuit is connected with the ADC detection circuit; when the PWM control circuit controls the control switch to be switched on and off, the ADC detection circuit obtains the PN junction voltage of the LED lamp set through the differential detection circuit and determines the working state data of the LED lamp set.
6. The LED constant current driving circuit according to claim 5, wherein the determined operating state data of the LED lamp set comprises any one of a short circuit state, an open circuit state and lamp bead temperature data.
7. The LED constant-current driving circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the constant-current driving chip internally comprises a plurality of driving channels, a first end of a switching tube in each driving channel is LED out to be a first pin of the driving channel, and a second end of the switching tube in each driving channel is LED out to be a second pin of the driving channel;
the LED constant current driving circuit comprises a plurality of LED lamp groups, each LED lamp group corresponds to one driving channel in the constant current driving chip, anodes of the LED lamp groups are connected with each other and the power supply voltage, and cathodes of the LED lamp groups are connected with first pins of the corresponding driving channels and second pins of the corresponding driving channels through corresponding power resistors.
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| CN115379619A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2022-11-22 | 合肥灿芯科技有限公司 | LED common-cathode driving chip |
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| CN101340755A (en) * | 2008-08-12 | 2009-01-07 | 深圳市联德合微电子有限公司 | High-speed driving circuit of LED capable of overshooting prevention |
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| CN113015289B (en) | 2022-01-28 |
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