CN113014196A - Unmanned aerial vehicle energy management system topological structure - Google Patents
Unmanned aerial vehicle energy management system topological structure Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D47/00—Equipment not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D2221/00—Electric power distribution systems onboard aircraft
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
- H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
An unmanned aerial vehicle energy management system topology, comprising: the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic cell, a micro converter, a voltage stabilizing bus, a first load, a second load, a third load, a fourth load and an energy storage cell, wherein the first end of the micro converter is connected with the photovoltaic cell, the second end of the micro converter is connected with the first end of the voltage stabilizing bus, and the second end of the voltage stabilizing bus is respectively connected with the first load, the second load, the third load, the fourth load and the energy storage cell. The method and the device can comprehensively solve the problems in the links of photovoltaic power generation and battery energy storage, realize the function complementation of the photovoltaic power generation and the battery energy storage, ensure that the photovoltaic ring can stably work at the maximum power, and effectively and conveniently realize battery management and balance control; can provide corresponding voltage for the load of different voltage classes on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the energy can be retained round the clock through energy storage battery, and long-time continuation of the journey improves solar energy utilization ratio by a wide margin.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy management systems, and particularly relates to a topological structure of an unmanned aerial vehicle energy management system.
Background
In the existing distributed photovoltaic power generation link, a plurality of photovoltaic cells with basically consistent illumination conditions form an equivalent photovoltaic cell unit, a Micro Converter (μ C) with an MPPT function is configured to form a photovoltaic power generation unit, a plurality of photovoltaic power generation units are connected in series to form a photovoltaic power generation group string, and a plurality of groups are connected in series and in parallel to form a photovoltaic power generation array.
The system structure can ensure that each photovoltaic power generation unit always works on the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation unit in principle, so that the whole array also works in the maximum power state, and the installed photovoltaic capacity is fully utilized. In actual operation, however, this topology exposes the following several major problems:
(1) the photovoltaic power generation unit is difficult to stably work
Topologically, the output voltage of each string is bus voltage (for example, 600V), and the output voltage of each unit in the string is determined by the share of the generated power of the unit in the whole string, so that the output voltage may be lower than the voltage of the photovoltaic battery pack, may be higher than the voltage of the photovoltaic battery pack, and even higher than the rated output voltage of μ C, so that the unit enters a shutdown protection state.
(2) The energy storage battery is difficult to effectively manage
After being connected in series, a plurality of energy storage battery monomers are controlled by a BMC (energy storage management unit) to carry out charge and discharge, the charge and discharge current of each battery monomer is the same, and the charge and discharge power is determined by the terminal voltage of each battery monomer. The terminal voltage of the battery is affected by various factors such as the state of charge of the battery cell, equivalent internal resistance and the like, and thus, it is difficult to maintain uniformity. This means that if these factors differ between the cells, a vicious cycle may be formed during operation, which may exacerbate the cell-to-cell variability.
(3) The system has large loss and low efficiency
The voltage level relation of the input side and the output side of the micro converter mu C can change along with the working state, so the mu C needs to be designed into a structural form capable of bidirectional voltage rising/reducing, and is automatically selected and controlled according to the working condition. Compare with boost converter, the efficiency of the converter of two-way step-up/step-down can reduce 2 ~ 3 percentage points, and this can bring dual trouble to unmanned platform, and one is equipment effective utilization ratio reduces, and the second is the heat dissipation degree of difficulty increases.
The analysis shows that the unmanned platform power generation and energy storage links need technical breakthrough on design thought and topological structure, and the organic integration of the photovoltaic cell/fuel cell and the energy storage cell is realized by adopting a special power supply controller, so that the problems can be solved, and the aims of simplifying the system structure, improving the energy conversion efficiency and improving the system reliability are fulfilled.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a topology structure of an energy management system of an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising: the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic cell, a micro converter, a voltage stabilizing bus, a first load, a second load, a third load, a fourth load and an energy storage cell, wherein the first end of the micro converter is connected with the photovoltaic cell, the second end of the micro converter is connected with the first end of the voltage stabilizing bus, and the second end of the voltage stabilizing bus is respectively connected with the first load, the second load, the third load, the fourth load and the energy storage cell.
Preferably, the micro converter and the first end of the voltage-stabilizing bus bar are connected through a first switch.
Preferably, the second end of the regulation bus and the first load are connected through a second switch.
Preferably, a second end of the regulator bus is connected to a first end of a first DC/DC, and the second end of the first DC/DC is connected to the second load, the third load, and the fourth load, respectively.
Preferably, the second end of the regulator bus and the first end of the first DC/DC are connected through a third switch.
Preferably, the second terminal of the first DC/DC and the third load are connected through a second DC/DC.
Preferably, the second terminal of the first DC/DC and the second DC/DC are connected through a fourth switch.
Preferably, the second terminal of the first DC/DC and the fourth load are connected through a third DC/DC.
Preferably, the second terminal of the first DC/DC and the third DC/DC are connected through a fifth switch.
Preferably, the second end of the voltage stabilizing bus is connected with the first end of a sixth switch, the energy storage battery is connected with the first end of the bidirectional DC/DC, and the second end of the sixth switch is connected with the second end of the bidirectional DC/DC.
The method and the device can comprehensively solve the problems in the links of photovoltaic power generation and battery energy storage, realize the function complementation of the photovoltaic power generation and the battery energy storage, ensure that the photovoltaic ring can stably work at the maximum power, and effectively and conveniently realize battery management and balance control; can provide corresponding voltage for the load of different voltage classes on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the energy can be retained round the clock through energy storage battery, and long-time continuation of the journey improves solar energy utilization ratio by a wide margin.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a topology of an energy management system of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent photovoltaic-energy storage module in an unmanned aerial vehicle energy management system topology structure provided by the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a topological structure of an intelligent photovoltaic-energy storage module in a topological structure of an energy management system of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a high-voltage high-power supply topology structure adopting an IPBM array in an energy management system topology structure of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a low-voltage power supply topology structure adopting an IPBM module in an energy management system topology structure of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power supply topology capable of providing two outputs, namely high voltage and low voltage, according to the topology of the energy management system of the unmanned aerial vehicle provided by the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a voltage reduction mode of a bidirectional DC/DC energy manager of a topology structure of an energy management system of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a boost mode of a bidirectional DC/DC energy manager of a topology structure of an energy management system of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, the present invention provides a topology structure of an energy management system of an unmanned aerial vehicle, including: the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic cell, a micro converter, a voltage stabilizing bus, a first load, a second load, a third load, a fourth load and an energy storage cell, wherein the first end of the micro converter is connected with the photovoltaic cell, the second end of the micro converter is connected with the first end of the voltage stabilizing bus, and the second end of the voltage stabilizing bus is respectively connected with the first load, the second load, the third load, the fourth load and the energy storage cell.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the micro-inverter is connected to the first end of the regulated bus bar through a first switch.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, the second end of the regulator bus and the first load are connected through a second switch.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, the second end of the regulator bus is connected to the first end of the first DC/DC, and the second end of the first DC/DC is connected to the second load, the third load, and the fourth load, respectively.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, the second end of the regulator bus and the first end of the first DC/DC are connected by a third switch.
In the embodiment of the present application, the second terminal of the first DC/DC and the third load are connected through a second DC/DC, as shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, the second terminal of the first DC/DC and the second DC/DC are connected through a fourth switch.
In the embodiment of the present application, the second terminal of the first DC/DC and the fourth load are connected through a third DC/DC, as shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, the second terminal of the first DC/DC and the third DC/DC are connected through a fifth switch.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the second terminal of the regulated bus is connected to the first terminal of a sixth switch, the energy storage battery is connected to the first terminal of a bidirectional DC/DC, and the second terminal of the sixth switch is connected to the second terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC.
In the embodiment of the application, a photovoltaic power generation unit consisting of a photovoltaic cell and a micro converter with an MPPT function is controlled to be connected to a voltage-stabilizing bus by using a distributed control and cooperative control algorithm, and multi-path and multi-level output is realized by using distributed droop control. The high-voltage high-power port outputs 270V/2kW, a modular cascade structure is adopted in the port, and the output electric energy quality and the system efficiency can be greatly improved while the target voltage and power are met. The high-voltage output port is a bidirectional port, power can flow bidirectionally, and in dispatching control, the port controller sets input or output power according to a dispatching instruction and distributes output energy for each module. The low-voltage output port is divided into three grades of 28V/12V/5V, and the power supply of each port is obtained from the voltage stabilization of a 270V or 28V direct current side and is used for supplying power for airborne equipment or a power supply controller.
In the embodiment of the present application, the IPBM is based on the starting point that the photovoltaic cell elements and the energy storage cells are respectively connected in series in a group in a small optimized scale, then a micro-converter (so-called power optimizer) is configured for the photovoltaic cell group, and then the micro-converter and the energy storage cell group are connected in parallel, and the energy storage cells are used for providing a stable operating point for the photovoltaic power generation unit. The photovoltaic power generation unit and the energy storage battery are regarded as a whole, a micro converter is configured to control the power of the photovoltaic power generation unit and the energy storage battery to supply power to a load, and the control function of the light storage module is realized through programming of a micro processor.
In the embodiment of the application, the topological structure of the IPBM includes a PhotoVoltaic control Unit (PVCU) to adopt a Boost circuit and 270V voltage stabilization two-stage setting; the Power Output Unit (POU) is configured with bidirectional DC/DC and can regulate voltage increase or voltage decrease by one key under the control of a program according to load requirements.
In the embodiment of the application, a plurality of IPBMs are connected in series to form a group string by the high-voltage high-power supply, and then the group string is connected in parallel in a proper mode to form the IPBM array meeting the requirements of output voltage and output power. And coordinated operation of three links of photovoltaic, energy storage and load is realized by scheduling and controlling each module in the IPBM array. Each IPBM group string in the topological structure is generally represented as a controllable direct-current voltage source, is connected with a power bus after passing through a buffer inductor and is equivalent to a controlled current source. The low-voltage power supply is realized in a similar way to the high-voltage high-power supply, and the topological structure of the low-voltage power supply is essentially the same as that of the high-voltage power supply, except that the number of modules in each IPBM group is small.
In the embodiment of the application, the high-low voltage power supply combination scheme is based on the similarity of high-voltage and low-voltage power supply topologies, and the same parts can be shared. The power distribution is completed by connecting the high-voltage power supply and the low-voltage power supply of various grades on one bus in parallel through a droop coefficient. In distributed droop control, each distributed power supply needs to maintain voltage and frequency stability independently, and droop control is achieved by using droop characteristics between frequency and active power, voltage amplitude and reactive power similar to those of a traditional generator. The active power and the reactive power output by the distributed power supply are regulated and controlled to meet the requirement of a load, so that the frequency and the voltage of the distributed power supply are controlled to fluctuate within the allowable range of the quality of electric energy.
In the embodiment of the application, the energy management system mainly comprises an intelligent power module consisting of a photovoltaic management module and a power output module, and the high-voltage high-power light storage system is constructed in a modularized and large-scale mode through the series-parallel combination of the light storage modules. The low-voltage side of the high-voltage power supply is connected with a storage battery, the high-voltage side of the high-voltage power supply is connected with a direct-current bus, and two working modes of a boosting mode and a voltage reduction mode are shared.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
(1) Intelligent photovoltaic-energy storage module topological structure design
As shown in fig. 2, the photovoltaic cell elements and the energy storage cells are respectively connected in series in a group in a small optimized scale, then the photovoltaic cell group is provided with a micro converter, and then the micro converter and the energy storage cell group are connected in parallel, and the energy storage cells are used for providing stable working points for the photovoltaic power generation unit. The control function of the light storage module is realized by programming a microprocessor.
The current maximum generating power of the photovoltaic string can be estimated by detecting the voltage and the current of the photovoltaic string; the current electric quantity (namely the charge state and the SOC) of the energy storage battery can be estimated through continuous detection and integration of the voltage and the current of the energy storage battery; the power required to be output by the module can be determined through output side voltage, current detection and a system-level power scheduling instruction. By utilizing the information, the power generation power converter and the output power converter are respectively controlled, so that the photovoltaic power generation unit can generate expected power Pin and the module can output power Pout required by load, and meanwhile, the charging and discharging power of the energy storage battery is also controlled.
As shown in fig. 3, the topology of the IPBM includes a Boost circuit to be adopted by a PhotoVoltaic control Unit (PVCU); the circuit of the Power Output Unit (POU) is designed as a Buck circuit, and a low-loss MOSFET device is used as a Power switch device of a main circuit. The PVCU is mainly used for realizing control of photovoltaic power generation power, and comprises two working modes of MPPT control and given power control. The POU can work in three working modes of PWM, full conduction and off-line (standby), wherein the PWM mode can realize continuous voltage regulation output between 0 and Ubat _ max (rated output voltage is considered as 60V); in the full conduction mode, the T21 tube is directly connected (the loss is low at the moment), which is equivalent to that the battery pack is directly connected with an equivalent load; in the full off mode (at this time, the loss is the lowest), the module only functions as an external circuit path, and the output voltage is 0, which is equivalent to that the module is not connected with the outside.
The charging and discharging states of the energy storage battery and the charging or discharging power can also be determined and realized in the control process, namely:
firstly, if the maximum photovoltaic power generation power is larger than the load requirement, the battery can be in a charging state, otherwise, the battery is in a discharging state;
if the maximum photovoltaic power generation power is larger than the load power and the SOC of the battery does not reach 100 percent, the redundant power generation power is the charging power of the battery, otherwise, the power generation power is limited to a certain expected value, and the battery is not charged and discharged;
thirdly, if the power generation capacity is not enough to meet the load requirement and the SOC of the energy storage battery does not reach the lower limit, the insufficient power is borne by the energy storage battery;
if the SOC of the energy storage battery is low and the photovoltaic battery does not have enough power to fully charge the energy storage battery within the specified time, the module can accept external power input and increase charging power.
(2) High-low voltage power supply combination scheme based on IPBM and droop control algorithm design thereof
As shown in fig. 4, the high-voltage high-power supply connects a plurality of IPBMs in series to form a string, and then connects the string in parallel in a proper manner to form an IPBM array meeting the requirements of output voltage and output power. And coordinated operation of three links of photovoltaic, energy storage and load is realized by scheduling and controlling each module in the IPBM array. The form of the IPBM array in the topological structure is 4 multiplied by 10, each IPBM group string is generally represented as a controllable direct current voltage source, is connected with a power bus after passing through a buffer inductor and is equivalent to a controlled current source; 4 IPBM groups are connected in series and parallel to share the power of load together.
The working principle of the high-voltage high-power supply system can be described by the following processes:
1) the global scheduling system transmits the bearing proportion Sj of the total load power to each group string controller according to the information of the power generation capacity, the battery energy storage condition and the like of each group string;
2) the group string controller transmits the bearing proportion Si of the total output power of the group string to each IPBM of the group string according to the information such as the power generation capacity and the battery energy storage condition of each IPBM of the group string;
3) each IPBM group string adopts bus voltage closed-loop control, the actual voltage is compared with the expected 600V voltage to obtain an error signal, and the load power Pjr to be borne by the group string and the current Ijr to be output are obtained through a voltage PI regulator;
4) each IPBM carries out closed-loop control on current, compares an actual value Ij of the string current with an expected value Ijr to obtain an error signal, obtains an output voltage Uijr required to be borne through a current PI regulator, further calculates the duty ratio of an output converter and outputs an expected voltage Uij.
As shown in fig. 5, the low voltage power supply is implemented similarly to the high voltage high power supply, and the topology structure thereof is essentially the same as that of the high voltage power supply, except that the number of modules in each IPBM group is small.
As shown in fig. 6, the high-low voltage power supply combination scheme is based on the similarity of the topology structures of the high-low voltage power supply and the low-voltage power supply, and the same parts can be shared, so as to achieve the purposes of simplifying the system structure and sharing the same modules. In order to realize power supplies with various specifications by using the same IPBM array, the structure of the IPBM needs to be adjusted, and the number of POUs is set according to the number of the power supplies to be realized.
The IPBM array of the high-voltage and low-voltage power supply combination scheme is expanded to be 6 multiplied by 10, and the IPBM composite array is mainly different from a single array in that the IPBM of the 0 th row is provided with 2 POUs which are respectively used for controlling a high-voltage power supply and a low-voltage power supply, and the IPBMs of other rows still adopt a single POU structure. From the perspective of the power output link, the IPBM system is equivalent to the combination of two IPBM arrays, except that each module shares the power generation part and the energy storage part. If a larger variety of low voltage power supplies are needed, only more POUs need to be configured in the IPBM of row 0 and respectively form an output array.
The power distribution is completed by connecting the high-voltage power supply and the low-voltage power supply of various grades on one bus in parallel through a droop coefficient. In distributed droop control, each distributed power supply needs to maintain voltage and frequency stability independently, and droop control is achieved by using droop characteristics between frequency and active power, voltage amplitude and reactive power similar to those of a traditional generator. The active power and the reactive power output by the distributed power supply are regulated and controlled to meet the requirement of a load, so that the frequency and the voltage of the distributed power supply are controlled to fluctuate within the allowable range of the quality of electric energy. Droop control in a direct current system simulates the traditional generator operation mode, virtualizes an equivalent impedance, and realizes coordination control of a parallel system by adjusting the equivalent impedance of each converter, namely the slope of an external characteristic curve. The distribution of the output power of each ISM is realized by configuring different virtual impedances, namely, the processing indexes are in one-to-one correspondence with the virtual impedances, and reasonable and unique corresponding virtual impedance values are configured according to the output indexes. The distributed droop control technology is adopted to complete power distribution of a plurality of different voltage load modules, and power optimization configuration of the energy system is realized.
(3) Bidirectional DC/DC energy manager design
The bidirectional DC/DC energy management system mainly comprises an intelligent power module consisting of a photovoltaic management module and a power output module, and a high-voltage high-power optical storage system is constructed in a modularized and large-scale manner through the series-parallel combination of the optical storage modules. The low-voltage side of the high-voltage power supply is connected with a storage battery, the high-voltage side of the high-voltage power supply is connected with a direct-current bus, and two working modes of a boosting mode and a voltage reduction mode are shared. The system adopts a third generation wide bandgap device gallium nitride power switch to realize high operation efficiency and high power density. The soft switching technology is adopted to inhibit electromagnetic noise and switching loss in high-frequency occasions; the synchronous rectification technology is adopted, so that the on-state loss of the power switch is reduced, and the operation efficiency is further improved; the voltage and current double closed-loop control is adopted to realize the control of the voltage of the direct current bus and the charging and discharging current of the energy storage unit; a fault protection mechanism is adopted, and three stages of triggering are carried out from a device stage, an external logic circuit and controller software to carry out fault protection; and the CAN bus communication is adopted to realize the working condition detection and the operation control between the CAN bus communication and the upper computer.
As shown in fig. 7, in the buck mode, when the SOC of the battery is low, the photovoltaic power generation system maintains the DC bus, and charges the battery with a constant current through the bidirectional DC/DC; when the voltage of the storage battery terminal reaches the rated voltage, the charging current is reduced to zero, and the charging is stopped. At the moment, the battery terminal voltage is 150V-200V, and the direct current bus carries out 10A constant current charging on the battery through the bidirectional DC/DC energy manager. When the voltage of the storage battery rises to 200V, the charging current drops to zero, and the battery charging process is finished.
As shown in fig. 8, in the boost mode, the photovoltaic power generation system is not enough to provide energy for the load, the bus voltage drops, the bus voltage is maintained by discharging the storage battery to the high-voltage side through the bidirectional DC/DC, and the battery discharge current does not exceed the set maximum discharge current. When the voltage of the bus is lower than 270V, the storage battery maintains the voltage of the direct current bus through the bidirectional DC/DC energy manager. When the load connected on the bus generates power fluctuation between 2kW and 500W, the voltage of the bus is over-regulated/dropped within 5 percent.
The method and the device can comprehensively solve the problems in the links of photovoltaic power generation and battery energy storage, realize the function complementation of the photovoltaic power generation and the battery energy storage, ensure that the photovoltaic ring can stably work at the maximum power, and effectively and conveniently realize battery management and balance control; can provide corresponding voltage for the load of different voltage classes on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the energy can be retained round the clock through energy storage battery, and long-time continuation of the journey improves solar energy utilization ratio by a wide margin.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.
Claims (10)
1. An unmanned aerial vehicle energy management system topological structure, its characterized in that includes: the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic cell, a micro converter, a voltage stabilizing bus, a first load, a second load, a third load, a fourth load and an energy storage cell, wherein the first end of the micro converter is connected with the photovoltaic cell, the second end of the micro converter is connected with the first end of the voltage stabilizing bus, and the second end of the voltage stabilizing bus is respectively connected with the first load, the second load, the third load, the fourth load and the energy storage cell.
2. The unmanned aerial vehicle energy management system topology of claim 1, wherein the micro-inverter and the first end of the regulated bus are connected by a first switch.
3. The unmanned aerial vehicle energy management system topology of claim 1, wherein a second end of the regulated bus and the first load are connected by a second switch.
4. The unmanned aerial vehicle energy management system topology of claim 1, wherein a second end of the regulated bus is connected to a first end of a first DC/DC, the second end of the first DC/DC being connected to the second load, the third load, and the fourth load, respectively.
5. The unmanned energy management system topology of claim 4, wherein a second end of the regulated bus and a first end of the first DC/DC are connected by a third switch.
6. The unmanned energy management system topology of claim 4, wherein the second end of the first DC/DC and the third load are connected through a second DC/DC.
7. The unmanned aerial vehicle energy management system topology of claim 6, wherein a second terminal of the first DC/DC and the second DC/DC are connected by a fourth switch.
8. The unmanned energy management system topology of claim 4, wherein a second end of the first DC/DC and the fourth load are connected through a third DC/DC.
9. The unmanned aerial vehicle energy management system topology of claim 8, wherein the second end of the first DC/DC and the third DC/DC are connected by a fifth switch.
10. The unmanned aerial vehicle energy management system topology of claim 1, wherein a second end of the regulated bus is connected to a first end of a sixth switch, the energy storage battery is connected to a first end of a bidirectional DC/DC, and a second end of the sixth switch is connected to a second end of the bidirectional DC/DC.
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