CN113013834A - Distributed power supply circuit power-off pre-protection circuit and method - Google Patents
Distributed power supply circuit power-off pre-protection circuit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113013834A CN113013834A CN202110264692.0A CN202110264692A CN113013834A CN 113013834 A CN113013834 A CN 113013834A CN 202110264692 A CN202110264692 A CN 202110264692A CN 113013834 A CN113013834 A CN 113013834A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/24—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage
- H02H3/243—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage for DC systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
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- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed power supply circuit power-off pre-protection circuit which comprises a logic control unit, wherein when input voltage fluctuates or power failure occurs, all voltage conversion modules are sequentially stopped to work according to time sequence through the logic control unit. The whole power supply line achieves the purpose that when the voltage at the voltage input end is abnormal, the rear-end electric equipment is cut off rapidly, so that the power failure of the rear-end electric equipment is completed rapidly when the voltage is normal, and the damage to the rear-end equipment when the voltage at the voltage input end is worse is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a power supply protection circuit, in particular to a power supply outage pre-protection circuit and a power supply outage pre-protection method under a large-scale direct current power supply scene with strict time sequence requirements.
Background
In the power supply process, the power failure condition can be caused inevitably, and a protection circuit is required to be arranged to protect the electric appliance for the circuit safety. The common power-off delay protection circuit comprises the following circuits: 1) when the voltage of the power grid is normal, the mains voltage is stabilized by the power-off delay protector and then supplied to a load for use, and the power-off delay protector with good performance is a good alternating current voltage stabilizer and improves the quality of a power supply; meanwhile, the system also charges the battery in the system and stores backup energy. 2) And when the voltage of the power grid is abnormal (under voltage, overvoltage, power failure, interference and the like), the inverter of the power failure delay protector converts the direct current electric energy of the battery into alternating current electric energy to maintain the power supply to the load. 3) And the power-off delay protector automatically switches between power supply of a power grid and power supply of a battery, so that uninterrupted power supply to a load is ensured. And the tolerable switching time can be selected according to the degree of precision of the device.
However, in some special situations, such as some production lines, factories, data centers, and even some electronic products, large-scale dc power supply is mostly adopted, and in these situations, the power supply not only needs to provide electric energy power, but also has a higher timing requirement on the power supply. Because when a large number of digital chips are distributed on the load side, a power source timing error may cause a system error. In extreme cases, such as abnormal power down of the input voltage, disturbed power timing, too low input voltage may even damage hardware devices, causing irreparable losses. Especially, when the number of the rear-end loads is large, a perfect protection mechanism is needed in the face of abnormal power failure of the input voltage. With the increasing load and the increasing number of rear-end electric machines, the reliability and fault tolerance of the power supply structure are required to be higher and higher.
The existing power-off delay protection circuit only can play a basic protection role, cannot finely control the power-off time sequence, and cannot meet the requirements under the application scene with higher requirements on the reliability of a power supply system. Therefore, it is necessary to design a safety protection circuit and method that can accurately sample voltage and control power timing when the input voltage fluctuates or abnormally fails, and protect the rear-end load device.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to design a safety protection circuit which can accurately sample voltage and control power supply time sequence when input voltage fluctuates or abnormal power failure occurs and protect a rear-end load device.
A distributed power supply circuit power-off pre-protection circuit, comprising: a voltage input terminal (Vin) connected to a power supply for inputting a voltage signal; a reference voltage input terminal (Vref) for inputting a trigger power down protection target voltage; the voltage conversion module (VRM) is respectively connected with the electrical appliance and is used for converting input voltage into voltage matched with the electrical appliance; the voltage conversion modules are respectively connected with the voltage input end through an Efuse module, and the Efuse modules are used for fusing when the current in the circuit exceeds a preset fusing current range; the voltage input end and the reference voltage input end are respectively connected with a first input end and a second input end of the comparator; the logic control unit comprises a signal input end and a plurality of signal output ends, the signal input end is connected with the output end of the comparator, and the voltage conversion modules are correspondingly connected with the signal output ends of the logic control unit one by one; when the voltage (Vin) at the voltage input end is lower than the trigger power-down protection target voltage of the reference voltage input end (Vref), the comparator outputs a feedback signal to the logic control unit, and the logic control unit controls the signal output ends to sequentially output signals to the voltage conversion modules according to a time sequence, so that the corresponding voltage conversion modules sequentially stop working.
Preferably, the logic control unit further has a plurality of signal output ends connected to the plurality of Efuse modules in a one-to-one correspondence, when the voltage (Vin) at the voltage input end is lower than the trigger power-down protection target voltage of the reference voltage input end (Vref), the comparator outputs a feedback signal to the logic control unit, and the logic control unit controls the plurality of signal output ends to sequentially output signals to the Efuse modules according to a time sequence, so that the corresponding Efuse modules are in an open circuit state.
Preferably, the logic control unit is an FPGA module.
The patent also discloses a power-off pre-protection method of the distributed power supply circuit, and the power supply circuit comprises: a voltage input terminal (Vin) connected to a power supply for inputting a voltage signal; a reference voltage input terminal (Vref) for inputting a trigger power down protection target voltage; the voltage conversion module (VRM) is respectively connected with the electrical appliance and is used for converting input voltage into voltage matched with the electrical appliance; the voltage conversion modules are respectively connected with the voltage input end through one Efuse module; the power supply circuit power-off pre-protection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: and when the voltage (Vin) at the voltage input end is lower than the trigger power-down protection target voltage of the reference voltage input end (Vref), sequentially outputting signals to the voltage conversion modules according to a time sequence, and sequentially stopping the corresponding voltage conversion modules.
Preferably, the method further comprises the steps of: when the voltage at the voltage input end is lower than the trigger power-down protection target voltage at the reference voltage input end, the comparator outputs a feedback signal to the logic control unit, and the logic control unit controls the signal output ends to sequentially output signals to the Efuse module according to a time sequence, so that the corresponding Efuse module is in an open circuit state.
The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: when the input voltage fluctuates or the power failure occurs, the distributed power supply and outage pre-protection circuit sequentially stops the work of each voltage conversion module according to the time sequence through the logic control unit, and further stops the work of each electric appliance in sequence. The whole control loop is controlled by hardware in the patent, the reaction speed is very quick, and all the electric devices are sequentially delayed to be powered off according to the time sequence, so that the protection circuit has enough time to complete the action of power-down protection before the voltage input end is powered down to a dangerous value after an early warning value. The whole power supply line achieves the purpose that when the voltage at the voltage input end is abnormal, the rear-end electric equipment is cut off rapidly, so that the power failure of the rear-end electric equipment is completed rapidly when the voltage is normal, and the damage to the rear-end equipment when the voltage at the voltage input end is worse is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an Efuse module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a logic circuit diagram of a logic control unit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the invention may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, devices, steps, and so forth. In other instances, well-known technical solutions have not been shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present patent discloses a power-off pre-protection circuit for a distributed power supply circuit, which includes a voltage input terminal Vin, a reference voltage input terminal Vref, a plurality of voltage conversion modules VRM, a plurality of Efuse modules, a comparator, and a logic control unit.
The voltage conversion module VRM is used for being connected with an electrical appliance (not shown) and converting input voltage into voltage matched with the electrical appliance, so that the electrical appliance can work normally.
The voltage input end Vin and the voltage conversion module VRM can not be directly connected due to safety consideration, but an Efuse module is arranged between the voltage input end Vin and the voltage conversion module VRM, the Efuse module is used for fusing when the current in the circuit exceeds a preset fusing current range, an input voltage signal is divided into a plurality of parallel circuits through a plurality of efuses, and then the input voltage signal is respectively connected according to the requirements of power utilization chips. This is because the power generation end of the input voltage itself usually limits the power to a relatively large value, and if the power utilization end directly faces a short circuit, the power may directly generate an electric spark and burn out a device, and the input voltage is shunted and the power limit is redefined by each Efuse module, so that the safety of the back end can be better ensured.
The comparator Q1 is provided with a first input end and a second input end, a voltage input end Vin and a reference voltage input end Vref are respectively connected with the first input end and the second input end of the comparator, and the reference voltage input end is used for inputting a trigger power-down protection target voltage; the signal output end of the comparator Q1 is connected with the signal input end of the logic control unit, the logic control unit also comprises a plurality of signal output ends, and the plurality of voltage conversion modules VRM are correspondingly connected with the signal output ends of the logic control unit one by one; when the voltage Vin at the voltage input end is lower than the trigger power-down protection target voltage of the reference voltage input end Vref, the comparator outputs a feedback signal to the logic control unit, and the logic control unit controls the signal output ends to sequentially output signals to the voltage conversion modules according to a time sequence, so that the corresponding voltage conversion modules stop working sequentially.
As a preferred mode, the logic control unit is further provided with a plurality of signal output ends which are in one-to-one corresponding connection with the plurality of Efuse modules, when the voltage Vin at the voltage input end is lower than the trigger power-down protection target voltage of the reference voltage input end Vref, the comparator outputs a feedback signal to the logic control unit, and the logic control unit controls the plurality of signal output ends to sequentially output signals to the Efuse modules according to a time sequence, so that the corresponding Efuse modules are in an open circuit state, and a circuit can be protected better.
The specific working principle of this patent will be further explained below. As shown in fig. 1, the inverting input terminal of the comparator Q1 is connected to the positive voltage of the voltage input terminal Vin, and the reference voltage input terminal Vref is connected to the positive input terminal of the comparator. When the voltage at the voltage input terminal Vin fluctuates and the target protection voltage at the reference voltage input terminal Vref is reduced, the comparator Q1 will output a high level signal sq to the logic control unit, and this sq signal can be regarded as an alarm signal, and when the sq signal is high, it means that the voltage at the voltage input terminal Vin has an irreversible power failure. The change of Sq from low to high can be used as a trigger condition on the logic control unit to start the next power down, a plurality of signal output ends s1, s2, s3, s4, s5 and s6 on the logic control unit are enabled pins of a plurality of electric control elements in the power supply system, and a specific power down protection program can be expressed as follows: when sq is triggered to be high, the power-down sequence is entered, and power down is carried out according to the time interval of 10ms of each signal of the sequences s1, s2, s3, s4, s5 and s6, and after the enable pin is changed from high to low, each voltage conversion module VRM and the corresponding electrical appliance stop working (general function and signal specification).
Because a plurality of capacitors are usually arranged from the voltage input end to the electric appliance and the electric chip, and the electric appliance and the electric chip are more likely to contain super capacitors with huge capacity, even if the voltage input end is abnormally powered down, the power down process is relatively slow. The whole control loop is controlled by hardware in the patent, the reaction speed is very quick, and all the electric devices are sequentially delayed to be powered off according to the time sequence, so that the protection circuit has enough time to complete the action of power-down protection before the voltage input end is powered down to a dangerous value after an early warning value. The whole power supply line achieves the purpose that when the voltage at the voltage input end is abnormal, the rear-end electric equipment is cut off rapidly, so that the power failure of the rear-end electric equipment is completed rapidly when the voltage is normal, and the damage to the rear-end equipment when the voltage at the voltage input end is worse is avoided.
Individual explanations are made below for each of the discrete devices in the circuit.
The Efuse module can be described as a controlled circuit switch in terms of functions, the input voltage is divided into multiple paths to be respectively controlled by the Efuse module, and each path of power can be independently protected. The internal structure of the Efuse module is shown in fig. 2, core components of the Efuse module are a charge pump and a Mosfet connected to Vin, when the Efuse module works normally, after a high enable signal (a general function of an electronic component control switch) is received at the right end of the charge pump, the charge pump starts to work and outputs a high voltage to a G pole of the Mosfet connected to Vin, so that the Mosfet is conducted, and Vin reaches a rear-end electric appliance after passing through an alloy resistor with extremely low resistance. According to the difference of the current on the main circuit, the voltage drop generated on the alloy resistor at the rear end is different, when the current reaches a limited current value, the voltage drop generated on the alloy resistor is compared with the Vref voltage in the comparator after passing through the operational amplifier, and because the resistance value of the alloy resistor is very low, the voltage drop on the alloy resistor is also very low, the alloy resistor needs to be amplified by the amplifier and then enters the comparator. Vref is connected to the inverting input end of the comparator, when the current is not too high, the output of the comparator is low, when the current is too high, the output of the comparator is high, the Mosfet at the lower right corner is switched on, and the enable signal is pulled down, so that the function of overcurrent protection is achieved. The charge pump is a general fixed module, and is not described herein.
The logic control unit adopts an FPGA module, and as shown in a specific logic diagram of fig. 3, when the sq signal is low, that is, no voltage alarm occurs at this time, s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, and s6 all keep at a high level under an internal pull-up effect, so as to maintain a stable working state of each device on the power supply system. When a voltage alarm occurs, the sq signal is pulled low, and the mosfet 1 will be turned on by the high sq, thereby grounding the signal s1 and making the s1 signal low, thus cutting off the operation of the device connected to s 1. Subsequently, since the voltage follower x1 is connected to two ends of the resistor, x1 outputs the voltage value on the resistor after t1 is turned on, and then mosfet t2 is turned on, so that the s2 signal is pulled down again, and the operation of the device connected with the s2 signal is cut off. Proceeding with this stage, it is known to pull all signals low. From the external effect, when the voltage is powered down to an abnormal value, the sq signal rises, and s1, s2, s3, s4, s5 and s6 are pulled down for the next time under the control of the control circuit, so that the work of each power supply device is cut off rapidly, and the device is prevented from being damaged by the abnormal voltage.
The logic control unit can also adopt a logic circuit with equivalent function stacked by using common logic devices to replace an FPGA, thereby achieving the purpose of saving cost.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A distributed power supply circuit power-off pre-protection circuit is characterized by comprising:
a voltage input terminal (Vin) connected to a power supply for inputting a voltage signal;
a reference voltage input terminal (Vref) for inputting a trigger power down protection target voltage;
the voltage conversion module (VRM) is respectively connected with the electrical appliance and is used for converting input voltage into voltage matched with the electrical appliance;
the voltage conversion modules are respectively connected with the voltage input end through an Efuse module, and the Efuse modules are used for fusing when the current in the circuit exceeds a preset fusing current range;
the voltage input end and the reference voltage input end are respectively connected with a first input end and a second input end of the comparator;
the logic control unit comprises a signal input end and a plurality of signal output ends, the signal input end is connected with the output end of the comparator, and the voltage conversion modules are correspondingly connected with the signal output ends of the logic control unit one by one;
when the voltage (Vin) at the voltage input end is lower than the trigger power-down protection target voltage of the reference voltage input end (Vref), the comparator outputs a feedback signal to the logic control unit, and the logic control unit controls the signal output ends to sequentially output signals to the voltage conversion modules according to a time sequence, so that the corresponding voltage conversion modules sequentially stop working.
2. The circuit for protecting the distributed power supply circuit from power failure according to claim 1, wherein the logic control unit further has a plurality of signal output terminals connected to the plurality of Efuse modules in a one-to-one correspondence, when the voltage (Vin) at the voltage input terminal is lower than a target voltage for triggering power failure protection at the reference voltage input terminal (Vref), the comparator outputs a feedback signal to the logic control unit, and the logic control unit controls the plurality of signal output terminals to sequentially output signals to the Efuse modules in a time sequence, so that the corresponding Efuse modules are in an open circuit state.
3. The distributed power supply circuit power-off pre-protection circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the logic control unit is an FPGA module.
4. A power-off pre-protection method for a distributed power supply circuit comprises the following steps:
a voltage input terminal (Vin) connected to a power supply for inputting a voltage signal;
a reference voltage input terminal (Vref) for inputting a trigger power down protection target voltage;
the voltage conversion module (VRM) is respectively connected with the electrical appliance and is used for converting input voltage into voltage matched with the electrical appliance;
the voltage conversion modules are respectively connected with the voltage input end through one Efuse module; the power supply circuit power-off pre-protection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and when the voltage (Vin) at the voltage input end is lower than the trigger power-down protection target voltage of the reference voltage input end (Vref), sequentially outputting signals to the voltage conversion modules according to a time sequence, and sequentially stopping the corresponding voltage conversion modules.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: when the voltage at the voltage input end is lower than the trigger power-down protection target voltage at the reference voltage input end, the comparator outputs a feedback signal to the logic control unit, and the logic control unit controls the signal output ends to sequentially output signals to the Efuse module according to a time sequence, so that the corresponding Efuse module is in an open circuit state.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110264692.0A CN113013834B (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Distributed power supply circuit power-off pre-protection circuit and method |
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| CN202110264692.0A CN113013834B (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Distributed power supply circuit power-off pre-protection circuit and method |
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| CN113013834A true CN113013834A (en) | 2021-06-22 |
| CN113013834B CN113013834B (en) | 2022-12-27 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN208110316U (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-11-16 | 昆山龙腾光电有限公司 | Power-off sequential control circuit |
| CN112398088A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2021-02-23 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent electronic switch |
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2021
- 2021-03-11 CN CN202110264692.0A patent/CN113013834B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN208110316U (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-11-16 | 昆山龙腾光电有限公司 | Power-off sequential control circuit |
| CN112398088A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2021-02-23 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent electronic switch |
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| CN113013834B (en) | 2022-12-27 |
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