Capacity-increasing soft-package lithium battery structure and battery cell combination method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium ion battery manufacturing, in particular to a capacity-increasing type soft package lithium battery structure and a battery cell combination method thereof.
Background
The lithium battery is a secondary battery which works by means of the back and forth movement of lithium ions between a positive plate and a negative plate, and the positive plate and the negative plate refer to working parts of the lithium ions consisting of positive and negative active materials and metal current collectors. In the prior art, the size of the negative electrode is larger than that of the positive electrode, the positive electrode is completely wrapped, lithium is not embedded at the edge of the negative electrode, a large part of capacity is lost, and in the subsequent assembly process, positive and negative active substances are easy to fall off, so that the self-discharge of the battery is large, and adverse effects are caused. For example, in chinese patent document, "a fast-charging and safe low-temperature lithium ion battery and a method for manufacturing the same" disclosed in chinese patent document No. CN111370752A, the battery is made by inserting a dry cell, which is formed by winding a positive electrode sheet, a ceramic separator, a negative electrode sheet, and a ceramic separator in combination, into a case, injecting an electrolyte, forming, sealing, and grading. The positive/negative electrode active substance is secondary micron particles formed by primary nano particles, and the nano particles can effectively reduce the migration distance of lithium ions and improve the migration speed of the lithium ions in the charging and discharging process of the battery; meanwhile, multiple tabs led out from the positive and negative pole pieces of the dry battery cell are welded with the planar metal sheet current collector to form a full tab, so that the internal resistance and temperature rise of the battery in the charging process are effectively reduced, the problem of high-rate quick charging of the battery is solved, the high-current charging and discharging performance of the battery is improved, and the safety and stability performance and the low-temperature electrochemical performance of the battery are also improved. However, this proposal has a problem that the active material is likely to fall off during assembly due to a loss of capacity, resulting in a large self-discharge of the battery and an adverse effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a capacity-increasing soft package lithium battery structure, aiming at solving the problems that in the prior art, capacity loss exists, active substances are easy to fall off during assembly, so that self discharge of a battery is large, and adverse effects are caused. The battery capacity is improved on the basis of a certain size of the shell, and meanwhile, the falling of active substances can be avoided during assembly, so that the safety is high, and the energy density is high.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a soft packet of lithium cell structure of increase appearance type, includes casing, electrolyte and a plurality of assembly utmost point group of setting in the casing, and a plurality of assembly utmost point groups link into an organic whole structure, and every assembly utmost point group of group includes positive plate, negative pole piece and diaphragm bag, and positive plate is unanimous with negative pole piece size, and diaphragm bag one side is equipped with the opening, and negative plate or positive plate setting are in the diaphragm bag, and the utmost point ear of negative plate or positive plate stretches out from the opening of diaphragm bag. The diaphragm bag is of a semi-closed structure, the positive plate or the negative plate is arranged in the diaphragm bag, and the defects of the positive plate or the negative plate can be sealed in the diaphragm bag, so that the positive plate and the negative plate are not short-circuited due to relative displacement, active substances can easily fall off, and the safety is excellent.
Preferably, the positive plate and the negative plate are both in a square sheet shape, the edges of the positive plate and the negative plate are aligned, and the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm bag are hot-pressed into an integral structure. And fixing the positions of the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm bag by the assembling pole group through a hot pressing technology. The assembly module forms a small unit, and the small units form a battery.
Preferably, the positive plate comprises an active substance and a first conductive current collector, the active substance is arranged on the surface of the first conductive current collector, the active substance is one or a mixture of lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate and lithium iron phosphate, the first conductive current collector adopts a composite structure of an aluminum foil and a nickel foil net, and the thickness of the aluminum foil is 10-20 um. The current collector of the positive plate has stable electrochemical performance and does not react with active substances, binders, electrolyte and the like, and the nickel foil is used for electric heating.
Preferably, the negative plate comprises graphite and a second conductive current collector, the second conductive current collector is of a copper foil and nickel foil mesh composite structure, and the thickness of the copper foil is 6-8 um. The negative plate with the structure has high strength, good flexibility, light weight and high specific capacity.
Preferably, the diaphragm bag is made of a pvdf material, the thickness of the diaphragm bag is not more than 100 microns, the diaphragm bag is provided with a plurality of micropores, and the pore diameter of the micropores is 0.1-0.5 microns. The diaphragm bag is provided with micropores, lithium ions can freely pass through the diaphragm bag, and electrons cannot pass through the diaphragm bag.
Preferably, the edge of one side of the opening of the diaphragm bag exceeds the edge of the positive plate or the negative plate by 0.5-3 mm. The short circuit caused by the contact of the heating expansion end part after the battery is used is avoided.
Preferably, each set of assembled pole groups comprises two diaphragm bags, and the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece are respectively arranged in the two diaphragm bags. The positive and negative pole pieces are further separated, and the safety is improved.
A cell combination method of a capacity-increasing soft package lithium battery structure comprises the following steps:
s1: and a bagging mechanism is used for loading the negative plate into the diaphragm bag, the positive plate is arranged on the outer side of the diaphragm bag, and the tab of the negative plate extends out of the opening of the diaphragm bag.
S2: the tab of the positive plate and the tab of the negative plate are arranged in opposite directions, and the positive plate and the negative plate are aligned.
S3: and (3) carrying out primary hot pressing by using a thermal compounding device, and coating the negative plate by using a diaphragm bag and connecting the negative plate and the positive plate into a whole to form an assembly electrode group.
S4: repeating the steps from S1 to S3 to obtain N assembled pole groups.
S5: and taking a plurality of assembling pole groups, and carrying out secondary hot pressing by using a hot compounding device to form a large unit.
In the scheme, the working procedure is split, the positive and negative pole pieces form N assembled pole groups through one-time hot pressing, the number of the assembled pole groups is adjusted according to the actual battery capacity requirement, a large unit is formed through secondary hot pressing, and the battery capacity is adjusted flexibly and conveniently.
Preferably, the primary hot pressing in the step S3 includes a preheating stage, a bonding stage and a cooling stage, the pressure of the thermal compound device is controlled to be 0.2-0.8 mpa, the nickel foil nets of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate are respectively connected with a power supply in the preheating stage and short-circuited to generate heat, and the temperature is controlled to be within the range of 60-90 ℃; and in the bonding stage, the temperature is controlled to gradually rise along 90-110-190 ℃, the time of the bonding stage is 60-180 s, the power supply is disconnected in the cooling stage, and the temperature of a compression roller of the thermal compounding device is controlled to be 30-50 ℃. In the preferred scheme, the positive and negative plates are directly heated, and the heating temperature is accurately controlled, so that the diaphragm bags are more firmly connected with the positive and negative plates, cannot easily fall off and separate, and avoids short circuit defects.
Preferably, the secondary hot pressing in the step S5 includes a preheating stage, a bonding stage and a cooling stage, the pressure of the thermal compound device is controlled to be 0.6-1.5 mpa, the nickel foils of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate are respectively connected with a power supply in the preheating stage and short-circuited to generate heat, and the temperature is controlled to be within the range of 60-90 ℃; and in the bonding stage, the temperature is controlled to gradually rise along 90-110-190 ℃, the time of the bonding stage is 60-180 s, the power supply is disconnected in the cooling stage, and the temperature of a compression roller of the thermal compounding device is controlled to be 30-50 ℃. In the preferred scheme, the positive and negative plates are directly heated, the diaphragm bags are more firmly connected with the positive and negative plates, and cannot easily fall off and separate, so that the short circuit defect is avoided.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the positive plate is not in contact with the negative plate, so that the safety is high; (2) the utilization rate of the negative plate is high, and the energy density is high; (3) the assembly pole group has high flexibility, and the capacity of the battery cell can be customized according to the number of the plates.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the assembled pole group structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a shell 2, electrolyte 3, an assembly pole group 3-1, a positive plate 3-2 and a negative plate 3-3 diaphragm bag.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that as used in the foregoing description, the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
Example (b):
in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, a capacity-enhanced soft package lithium battery structure includes a case 1, an electrolyte 2, and a plurality of assembled electrode groups 3 disposed in the case, where each assembled electrode group includes a positive electrode sheet 3-1, a negative electrode sheet 3-2, and a diaphragm bag 3-3, the positive electrode sheet includes an active material and a first conductive current collector, the active material is disposed on a surface of the first conductive current collector, the active material is lithium cobalt oxide, or one of lithium manganese oxide and lithium iron phosphate or a mixture thereof, the first conductive current collector is an aluminum foil, and a thickness of the aluminum foil is 15 um. The current collector of the positive plate has stable electrochemical performance and does not react with active substances, binders, electrolyte and the like. The negative plate includes graphite and the electrically conductive mass flow body of second, and the electrically conductive mass flow body of second adopts the copper foil, and copper foil thickness is 8 um. The negative plate with the structure has high strength, good flexibility, light weight and high specific capacity. The diaphragm bag adopts the pvdf material, and the thickness of diaphragm bag is 20 mu m, and diaphragm bag one side is equipped with the opening, and the diaphragm bag is equipped with a plurality of micropores, and the micropore aperture is 0.2 mu m. The diaphragm bag is provided with micropores, lithium ions can freely pass through the diaphragm bag, and electrons cannot pass through the diaphragm bag. The edge of one side of the diaphragm bag opening exceeds the edge of the negative plate by 3 mm. The short circuit caused by the contact of the heating expansion end part after the battery is used is avoided. The positive plate is consistent with the negative plate size, and positive plate, negative plate all are square slice shape, and the negative plate setting is in the diaphragm bag, and the utmost point ear of negative plate stretches out from the opening of diaphragm bag, and the positive plate setting is in the diaphragm bag outside, and the earphone direction setting of positive plate, negative plate. The edges of the positive plate and the negative plate are aligned, and the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm bag are hot-pressed into an integral structure. The short circuit caused by the contact of the heating expansion end part after the battery is used is avoided. Preferably, each group of the assembled pole groups comprises two diaphragm bags, and the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece are respectively arranged in the two diaphragm bags to further separate the positive pole piece from the negative pole piece, so that the safety is improved.
A cell combination method of a capacity-increasing soft package lithium battery structure comprises the following steps:
s1: and a bagging mechanism is used for loading the negative plate into the diaphragm bag, the positive plate is arranged on the outer side of the diaphragm bag, and the tab of the negative plate extends out of the opening of the diaphragm bag.
S2: the tab of the positive plate and the tab of the negative plate are arranged in opposite directions, and the positive plate and the negative plate are aligned.
S3: and (3) carrying out primary hot pressing by using a thermal compounding device, and coating the negative plate by using a diaphragm bag and connecting the negative plate and the positive plate into a whole to form an assembly electrode group.
S4: repeating the steps from S1 to S3 to obtain N assembled pole groups.
S5: and taking a plurality of assembling pole groups, and carrying out secondary hot pressing by using a hot compounding device to form a large unit.
In the scheme, the working procedure is split, the positive and negative pole pieces form N assembled pole groups through one-time hot pressing, the number of the assembled pole groups is adjusted according to the actual battery capacity requirement, a large unit is formed through secondary hot pressing, and the battery capacity is adjusted flexibly and conveniently.
Preferably, the primary hot pressing in the step S3 includes a preheating stage, a bonding stage and a cooling stage, the pressure of the thermal compound device is controlled to be 0.2-0.8 mpa, the nickel foils of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate are respectively connected with a power supply in the preheating stage and short-circuited to generate heat, and the temperature is controlled to be within the range of 60-90 ℃; and in the bonding stage, the temperature is controlled to gradually rise along 90-110-190 ℃, the time of the bonding stage is 60-180 s, the power supply is disconnected in the cooling stage, and the temperature of a compression roller of the thermal compounding device is controlled to be 30-50 ℃. In the preferred scheme, the positive and negative plates are directly heated, and the heating temperature is accurately controlled, so that the diaphragm bags are more firmly connected with the positive and negative plates, cannot easily fall off and separate, and avoids short circuit defects.
Preferably, the secondary hot pressing in the step S5 includes a preheating stage, a bonding stage and a cooling stage, the pressure of the thermal compound device is controlled to be 0.6-1.5 mpa, the nickel foils of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate are respectively connected with a power supply in the preheating stage and short-circuited to generate heat, and the temperature is controlled to be within the range of 60-90 ℃; and in the bonding stage, the temperature is controlled to gradually rise along 90-110-190 ℃, the time of the bonding stage is 60-180 s, the power supply is disconnected in the cooling stage, and the temperature of a compression roller of the thermal compounding device is controlled to be 30-50 ℃. In the preferred scheme, the positive and negative plates are directly heated, the diaphragm bags are more firmly connected with the positive and negative plates, and cannot easily fall off and separate, so that the short circuit defect is avoided.
In this embodiment, the negative electrode sheet is first placed in a separator bag, and then the negative electrode sheet, the positive electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet are assembled in this order to form a battery structure including a plurality of assembled electrode groups. The size of the positive plate is consistent with that of the negative plate, so that the situation that lithium is not embedded at the edge of the negative plate is avoided, the utilization efficiency of the negative electrode is increased, the capacity is improved, and the energy density is increased. The diaphragm bag is of a semi-closed structure, the positive plate or the negative plate is arranged in the diaphragm bag, and the defects of the positive plate or the negative plate can be sealed in the diaphragm bag, so that the positive plate and the negative plate are not short-circuited due to relative displacement, active substances can easily fall off, and the safety is excellent. Therefore, the positive plate and the negative plate are not contacted, and the safety is high; the utilization rate of the negative plate is high, and the energy density is high; the assembly pole group has high flexibility, and the capacity of the battery cell can be customized according to the number of the plates.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the examples described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the manner in which the invention is practiced, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to such specifically recited statements and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.