CN113012810A - 基于微生物功能团挖掘方法所获得的fba口腔菌群功能团 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及生物信息技术及医疗健康领域,公开了基于网络分析技术挖掘群落“功能团”(Functional Guild)的概念、思路和方法,及其从健康人体口腔菌群中找到的FBA功能团。该功能团主要由厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,F)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes,B)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria,A)细菌构成,整体呈现为F与B两个菌门协同抑制A菌门的结构,并且通常为健康口腔网络中物种数最多且密度最高的模块。具体表现为该功能团由两个子功能团构成(Sub‑Guild):其中一个的物种组成主要为F和B菌门细菌,另一个主要为A菌门细菌。两个子功能团内部各自的物种间均为协同合作关系,但两子功能团间却为完全的拮抗竞争关系。FBA功能团可有效反映口腔内环境的稳定性(Homeostasis),为口腔健康及口腔疾病愈后状况监测奠定了生物学基础。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物信息技术和医疗健康领域,特别涉及基于网络分析技术挖掘群落“功能团”(Functional Guild)的概念、思路和方法技术,及其从人体健康口腔菌群中找到的一种FBA功能团。
背景技术
生态功能团(Functional Guild)是指一个物种群体,在这个群体中,物种成员或开发相同的资源,或以相关的某些方式开发不同的资源。与生态位的概念不同,功能团主要是根据物种成员的地理位置、属性或活动等来定义的。一个功能团中的物种可以占据不相同甚至不相似的生态位。功能团是生态系统中某些特殊功能的实现者,与生态系统的稳定性密切相关。通过功能团可有效探查其所在生态系统的变化和存在的异样,以便及时干预,防患未然。然而在微生物生态领域,目前仍缺乏从菌群中找出功能团的有效分析方法。
口腔是一个复杂的生态系统,舌头、腭、颊、牙齿和牙龈沟等都具有各自独特的理化特征,但同时唾液又将它们紧密联系在一起。人体健康的口腔内栖息着500多种微生物,它们与宿主的健康息息相关。一方面,口腔菌群可协助消化,帮助维持口腔内环境理化性质,抵御外界机会性病原菌入侵,以及帮助完善免疫系统。另一方面,口腔菌群的失调可能会导致口腔疾病,同时菌群结构及稳定性也会受到宿主健康状况的影响。除龋齿、牙龈炎和牙周炎等口腔疾病外,口腔菌群失调甚至还与动脉粥样硬化、胃肠道癌症、炎症性肠病和糖尿病等全身系统性疾病有关。因此,口腔菌群的结构变化可以在一定程度上反应宿主口腔乃至全身的健康状况。
本发明提出了基于复杂网络分析方法技术来挖掘生态菌群中功能团的概念、思路和分析技术,并在健康人体口腔菌群中对其进行了验证。同时,基于验证结果本发明还提供了口腔FBA细菌功能团,及其在监测口腔健康状况及口腔疾病愈后情况中的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:
提供基于复杂网络分析来挖掘菌群中功能团的概念、思路和方法技术,及其从健康人体口腔中找出的FBA细菌功能团。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明的技术方案为:
基于复杂网络分析来挖掘菌群中功能团的概念、思路和方法技术:
首先,根据目标菌群的采样测序结果,得到微生物物种组成信息。其次基于该信息,获取菌群内物种与物种间的相互作用关系并构建网络。利用合适的网络模块分析技术,结合实际生物学信息,从网络中寻找目标菌群的功能团。其中涉及的网络分析方法和网络模块分析技术并不局限于某种特定方法,而是根据所研究的菌群数据及相关信息觉得。
该概念、思路和方法在健康人体口腔菌群中得以验证。利用Zaura等人于2009年发表的健康人口腔微生物菌群数据,通过生物信息学分析从16S rRNA测序数据中得到了微生物物种信息,即相似性为97%的分类操作单元(operational taxonomic unit,OTU)。以微生物物种的丰度为基础计算物种间的Spearman相关系数,用筛选出的互作关系构建网络。基于 Bader等人2003年提出的MCODE算法对网络进行模块挖掘,从中找到了健康口腔菌群的一个细菌功能团(FBA细菌功能团)。
FBA细菌功能团:
该功能团是健康口腔菌群网络中包含物种数最多且密度最高的模块,主要由厚壁菌门 (Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)细菌组成,故简称FBA功能团。在整体结构上,该功能团存在厚壁菌门协同拟杆菌门共同抑制放线菌门的结构(如附图图1所示)。在具体的网络拓扑结构上,该功能团由两个子功能团(Sub-Guild) 构成,其中一个的物种组成主要为厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门细菌,另一个主要为放线菌门细菌。两个子功能团内部各自的物种间均为协同关系,但两个子功能团间却为完全的拮抗竞争关系(具体网络拓扑结构如附图图2所示)。
本发明的有益效果在于:
提供并验证了一种基于网络分析寻找微生物菌群中功能团的概念、思路和方法。同时,提供了一种健康人体口腔菌群中的细菌功能团,FBA细菌功能团。该功能团可有效反映口腔内环境的稳定性(Homeostasis),为监测人体口腔健康状况及口腔疾病愈后情况提供了可靠的生物学基础及可能的生物靶标。
附图说明
图1是FBA细菌功能团,及其内部厚壁菌门,拟杆菌门,放线菌门和其他菌门间的相互作用关系
图2是本FBA细菌功能团的网络拓扑结构图
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步的说明,但并不局限于此。
实施例1:挖掘微生物功能团的分析技术在健康人体口腔菌群中的应用
数据来源
本发明采用Zaura等人于2009年首次发表的健康人口腔微生物菌群的16S rRNA数据。该数据采自三名健康成年男性,每个个体采集了9-10个口腔部位,其中包括上切牙和上磨牙的牙面、颊粘膜、硬腭和舌头表面以及唾液,最终共获得29份口腔菌群样本。通过16srRNA扩增子测序和后续的生物信息学分析,得到了相似性为97%的微生物分类操作单元(operational taxonomic unit,OTU)。在本专利中每个OTU代表一个物种,命名为“种(门、纲、目、科、属)名_物种编号”。
构建口腔菌群互作网络:
将每个OTU的总reads数作为所代表微生物物种的丰度,并以之为基础计算每个物种间的Spearman相关系数R。选取|R|≥0.6且p≤0.05的相关关系构建网络,其中R<0表示物种间为负相互作用关系,R>0表示物种间为正相互作用关系。健康人体口腔菌群网络由335个顶点 (OUT或物种)和4335条边(相互作用关系)组成,其中3692个正相关关系和643个负相互作用关系。
模块分析技术挖掘口腔菌群中的微生物功能团:
本实例利用Bader等人2003年提出的MCODE算法对上一步得到的网络进行模块分析。 MCODE算法的核心是通过对顶点进行反复加权,通过其权重对顶点进行聚类从而找到功能团(模块)。该算法是根据顶点所在的局部网络的密度(density)或聚集度(cliquishness) 对该顶点进行加权,这些指标可通过聚类系数Ci求得,
Ci=2n/ki(ki-1)
其中ki为顶点i周围相邻顶点的数量,n为周围相邻顶点间的边(互作关系)数。通过对顶点进行反复加权、聚类和筛选,最终得到网络中最优的聚类和模块信息。在健康人体口腔菌群网络中,共找出11个网络模块,模块信息如表1所示,其中包括每个模块的强度、点数和边数。
FBA细菌功能团:
FBA细菌功能团是网络中包含物种数最多且网络密度最高的模块,它囊括了网络中1/6 的物种。该功能团是健康口腔菌群网络中包含物种数最多且密度最高的模块,主要由厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)细菌组成,根据主要构成菌门的英文首字母故称其为FBA功能团。在该功能团中的放线菌门细菌主要为棒状菌属和防线菌属,这两个菌属中存在较多机会性病原菌。在整体结构上,该功能团存在厚壁菌门协同拟杆菌门共同抑制放线菌门的现象(如附图图1所示)。附图图1中,黑色虚线代表功能团中物种间的竞争抑制关系,灰色实线代表协同合作关系。六边形点代表厚壁菌门细菌,正方形点代表拟杆菌门细菌,圆形点代表放线菌门细菌,以及菱形点代表其他菌门细菌。此外,灰色的点代表在功能团中直接参与竞争抑制关系的物种,白色的点代表未直接参与竞争抑制关系的物种。
在具体的网络拓扑结构上,该功能团由两个子功能团(Sub-Guild)构成,其中一个的物种组成主要为厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门细菌(FBSG),另一个主要为放线菌门细菌(ASG)。两个子功能团内部各自的物种间均为协同关系,但两个子功能团间却为完全的拮抗竞争关系(具体网络拓扑结构如附图图2所示)。附图图2中点和边的代表信息与附图图1一直,其中图左侧的圆是ASG子功能团,图右侧的圆是FBSG子功能团。
表1.健康人体口腔菌群网络MCODE模块分析结果
Claims (2)
1.一种FBA菌群功能团在作为口腔菌群健康状况检测标志物中的用途,所述FBA细菌功能团标志物的特征在于:该功能团或标志物主要由厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)细菌组成,整体呈现为厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门协同抑制放线菌门的结构;该功能团内部由两个微生物子功能团构成,其中一个的物种组成主要为厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门细菌,另一个主要为放线菌门细菌;每个子功能团内部的物种间均为协同合作关系,而两个子功能团间却是完全的拮抗竞争关系;所属用途的特征在于:利用复杂网络分析方法,通过检测人体或动物口腔菌群中该功能团标志物的结构来判断口腔菌群的健康状况。
2.按照权利要求1所述内容,其特征在于:以任何软件、固件和(或)硬件(包括各种医疗仪器、观测仪器等)形式应用所述菌群功能团,从而提供服务的产品。
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