CN113010141A - Method, system and device for extracting signal head wave information and readable storage medium - Google Patents
Method, system and device for extracting signal head wave information and readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN113010141A CN113010141A CN202110241642.0A CN202110241642A CN113010141A CN 113010141 A CN113010141 A CN 113010141A CN 202110241642 A CN202110241642 A CN 202110241642A CN 113010141 A CN113010141 A CN 113010141A
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- G06F5/06—Methods or arrangements for data conversion without changing the order or content of the data handled for changing the speed of data flow, i.e. speed regularising or timing, e.g. delay lines, FIFO buffers; over- or underrun control therefor
- G06F5/065—Partitioned buffers, e.g. allowing multiple independent queues, bidirectional FIFO's
Abstract
The invention relates to a method, a system, a device and a computer readable storage medium for extracting signal head wave information, wherein the method comprises the following steps: storing the sampling data of the signal to be detected into a first FIFO buffer area; according to the amplitude of the sampled data and the set amplitude threshold value, determining whether to keep the fluidity in the first FIFO buffer area or to transmit the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer area and reset the first FIFO buffer area; and acquiring the instantaneous phase of the data in the second FIFO buffer area, and acquiring the arrival time and amplitude of the head wave of the signal according to the instantaneous phase and the set phase threshold. The signal head wave information extraction method provided by the invention improves the real-time property of signal head wave information extraction.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of signal feature extraction technologies, and in particular, to a method, a system, an apparatus, and a readable storage medium for extracting signal head wave information.
Background
In the fields of aerospace, oil exploration, geological exploration and the like, when a structural body is detected through sound waves, electromagnetic waves and light waves, the extraction of characteristic information of signals is particularly important, and the first wave information is more important. How to accurately extract parameters such as arrival time, amplitude and the like of the head wave signal is the key of the whole problem.
At present, the first wave arrival time and amplitude extraction mainly include two types, namely threshold judgment and phase judgment, and the common signal data processing and first wave information extraction processes are roughly as follows: the signal data is collected and stored in hardware equipment, and then the data is processed locally or transmitted to a cloud end for processing, a large amount of hardware resources are consumed for storing a large amount of data in a hardware unit, the integrity and correctness of the data cannot be guaranteed in transmission, and meanwhile, the instantaneity of extracting the first wave information is poor due to the fact that time is consumed for storing and transmitting, so that the method is difficult to use in some application occasions with high instantaneity.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a method, a system, a device and a computer readable storage medium for extracting signal head wave information, so as to solve the problem of poor real-time performance of extracting head wave information in the prior art.
The invention provides a signal head wave information extraction method, which comprises the following steps:
storing the sampling data of the signal to be detected into a first FIFO buffer area;
according to the amplitude of the sampled data and the set amplitude threshold value, determining whether to keep the fluidity in the first FIFO buffer area or to transmit the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer area and reset the first FIFO buffer area;
and acquiring the instantaneous phase of the data in the second FIFO buffer area, and acquiring the arrival time and amplitude of the head wave of the signal according to the instantaneous phase and the set phase threshold.
Further, determining whether to maintain the fluidity in the first FIFO buffer or to transmit the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer and reset the first FIFO buffer according to the amplitude of the sampled data and the magnitude of the set amplitude threshold, specifically includes:
and when the amplitude of the sampled data is smaller than a set amplitude threshold value, the fluidity in the first FIFO buffer area is kept, and when the amplitude of the sampled data is equal to or larger than the set amplitude threshold value, the sampled data is transmitted to the second FIFO buffer area and the first FIFO buffer area is reset.
Further, transmitting the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer specifically includes: and when the first FIFO buffer area is full of data, transmitting the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer area.
Further, when the first FIFO buffer area is full of data, transmitting the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer area, specifically including: and when the first FIFO buffer area is full of data, outputting the sampling data of the first FIFO buffer area, carrying out mean value filtering, and transmitting the sampling data subjected to mean value filtering to the second FIFO buffer area.
Further, acquiring the instantaneous phase of the data in the second FIFO buffer specifically includes: and performing Hilbert transform on the data in the second FIFO buffer area to obtain a corresponding instantaneous phase.
Further, according to the magnitude of the instantaneous phase and the set phase threshold, obtaining a time-of-arrival and an amplitude of the signal head wave, specifically comprising:
and when the instantaneous phase is smaller than a set phase threshold value, taking a signal point corresponding to the instantaneous phase as a starting point and determining the signal point as the arrival time of the head wave, taking the starting point as the starting point of the monitoring signal, and when the instantaneous phase of the signal becomes zero, taking the corresponding amplitude as the amplitude of the head wave.
Further, the signal head wave information extraction further comprises sampling the signal to be detected through analog-to-digital conversion to obtain sampling data of the signal to be detected.
The invention also provides a signal head wave information extraction system, which comprises a sampling data storage module, a data transmission module and a head wave judgment module;
the sampling data storage module is used for storing the sampling data of the signal to be detected into a first FIFO buffer area;
the data transmission module is used for determining whether to keep the fluidity in the first FIFO buffer area or transmit the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer area and reset the first FIFO buffer area according to the amplitude of the sampled data and the set amplitude threshold value;
and the head wave judging module is used for acquiring the instantaneous phase of the data in the second FIFO buffer area and acquiring the arrival time and amplitude of the signal head wave according to the instantaneous phase and the set phase threshold value.
The invention also provides a signal head wave information extraction device, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is stored with a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the signal head wave information extraction method of any technical scheme is realized.
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for extracting the signal head wave information according to any one of the above technical solutions is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: storing the sampling data of the signal to be detected into a first FIFO buffer area; according to the amplitude of the sampled data and the set amplitude threshold value, determining whether to keep the fluidity in the first FIFO buffer area or to transmit the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer area and reset the first FIFO buffer area; acquiring the instantaneous phase of data in a second FIFO buffer area, and acquiring the arrival time and amplitude of the head wave of the signal according to the instantaneous phase and the set phase threshold; the real-time property of extracting the signal head wave information is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flow of a method for extracting signal head wave information according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an ideal vibration signal waveform and an instantaneous phase according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the waveform and instantaneous phase of an actual vibration signal provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a signal head wave information extraction system provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for extracting signal head wave information, the flow of which is a schematic diagram, and as shown in figure 1, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, storing the sampling data of the signal to be detected into a first FIFO buffer area;
s2, determining whether to keep the fluidity in the first FIFO buffer area or to transmit the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer area and reset the first FIFO buffer area according to the amplitude of the sampled data and the set amplitude threshold value;
and S3, acquiring the instantaneous phase of the data in the second FIFO buffer area, and acquiring the arrival time and amplitude of the signal head wave according to the instantaneous phase and the set phase threshold.
Preferably, the signal head wave information extraction method further includes sampling the signal to be detected through analog-to-digital conversion to obtain sampling data of the signal to be detected.
In a specific embodiment, a collection state machine is used for sampling signal data and judging amplitude, and the sampled data is stored in a first FIFO (first in first out queue) buffer zone by using a first in first out principle, wherein the first FIFO buffer zone is positioned in the collection state machine; judging the phase by utilizing a phase analysis state machine; the second FIFO buffer is located between the acquisition state machine and the phase analysis state machine.
Preferably, determining whether to maintain the fluidity in the first FIFO buffer or to transmit the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer and reset the first FIFO buffer according to the amplitude of the sampled data and the magnitude of the set amplitude threshold specifically includes:
and when the amplitude of the sampled data is smaller than a set amplitude threshold value, the fluidity in the first FIFO buffer area is kept, and when the amplitude of the sampled data is equal to or larger than the set amplitude threshold value, the sampled data is transmitted to the second FIFO buffer area and the first FIFO buffer area is reset.
In one embodiment, the data in the buffer area of the first FIFO1 is compared with an amplitude threshold (set according to different scenes), and when the data in the buffer area of the first FIFO1 is less than the threshold, the amplitude threshold judgment module outputs a low level, otherwise, the output is a high level; when the output of the amplitude threshold judging module is low level, the fluidity in the data buffer area is kept so as to ensure that the data can be quickly received and quickly released;
preferably, the transmitting the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer includes: and when the first FIFO buffer area is full of data, transmitting the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer area.
Preferably, when the first FIFO buffer area is full of data, the method transmits the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer area, and specifically includes: and when the first FIFO buffer area is full of data, outputting the sampling data of the first FIFO buffer area, carrying out mean value filtering, and transmitting the sampling data subjected to mean value filtering to the second FIFO buffer area.
In a specific embodiment, when the output of the amplitude threshold judgment module is high level and the first FIFO buffer area is full of data, the data in the first FIFO buffer area is output and mean value filtering is performed; and then the task of the acquisition state machine is completed, and the next acquisition task is continued to run in parallel with the phase analysis state machine.
The operation cycles of the acquisition state machine and the phase analysis state machine are different, if data are directly processed in the second FIFO buffer area without any processing, the data may not be processed, the following data continue to enter the second FIFO buffer area, the data are lost, and the problem can be well solved by mean filtering. And carrying out average filtering to change the average value of N data points (N can be set to different values according to the relation between the running period multiples of the two state machines) into one data for storage, so as to ensure that the phase analysis state machine is in a state of waiting for the next data when the first FIFO buffer area is full of storage.
Preferably, the obtaining the instantaneous phase of the data in the second FIFO buffer specifically includes: and performing Hilbert transform on the data in the second FIFO buffer area to obtain a corresponding instantaneous phase.
Preferably, the obtaining of the arrival time and the amplitude of the head wave of the signal according to the magnitude of the instantaneous phase and the set phase threshold specifically includes:
and when the instantaneous phase is smaller than a set phase threshold value, taking a signal point corresponding to the instantaneous phase as a starting point and determining the signal point as the arrival time of the head wave, taking the starting point as the starting point of the monitoring signal, and when the instantaneous phase of the signal becomes zero, taking the corresponding amplitude as the amplitude of the head wave.
In practical implementation, the phase threshold is set according to the actual sampling frequency, because the signal is converted from analog to digital, and it is impossible to ensure that the signal is completely uniform, which results in that if the signal is set to-pi, it is likely that the result is not the value, and the higher the sampling frequency is, the closer the value is. When the instantaneous phase is not less than the set phase threshold, directly jumping to a state of waiting for next data, and avoiding resource waste of operation resources.
In one embodiment, the waveform and instantaneous phase of the ideal vibration signal are plotted, as shown in fig. 2, the upper half of fig. 2 is the ideal vibration signal, and there is no interference before the signal starts; the lower part of fig. 2 is an instantaneous phase diagram of an ideal vibration signal, and it can be known that when a signal occurs, the phase of the signal is transformed, and when a first wave of the signal arrives, the instantaneous phase of the signal is just zero at the first instantaneous phase.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, in the graph of the waveform and the instantaneous phase of the actual vibration signal, a set amplitude threshold is set at the upper half portion of fig. 3, when the amplitude of the signal is smaller than the set amplitude threshold, the signal does not occur, and when the amplitude of the signal is larger than the set amplitude threshold, the occurrence of the signal can be determined; corresponding to the lower half of fig. 3, a set phase threshold is set, and it can be seen from fig. 3 that the instantaneous phase of the signal is lower than the set threshold only when the signal occurs; according to the diagram, the signal starting point not only has the amplitude exceeding the set amplitude threshold value, but also has the phase exceeding the set amplitude threshold value, so that the signal can be judged to be generated, and the judgment accuracy is improved; by the above principle, the upper part and the lower part of fig. 3 are used for verification, and the amplitude at point B in fig. 3 is the amplitude of the head wave.
Example 2
The invention provides a signal head wave information extraction system, which has a structural block diagram, as shown in fig. 4, and comprises a sampling data storage module 1, a data transmission module 2 and a head wave judgment module 3;
the sampling data storage module 1 is used for storing the sampling data of the signal to be detected into a first FIFO buffer area;
the data transmission module 2 is configured to determine whether to maintain the fluidity in the first FIFO buffer or to transmit the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer and reset the first FIFO buffer according to the amplitude of the sampled data and the size of the set amplitude threshold;
and the head wave judging module 3 is used for acquiring the instantaneous phase of the data in the second FIFO buffer area and acquiring the arrival time and amplitude of the signal head wave according to the instantaneous phase and the set phase threshold.
Example 3
The invention provides a signal head wave information extraction device, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored on the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the signal head wave information extraction method is realized as in embodiment 1.
Example 4
The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the signal head wave information extraction method according to embodiment 1.
The invention discloses a method, a system and a device for extracting signal head wave information and a computer readable storage medium, wherein sampling data of a signal to be detected is stored in a first FIFO (first in first out) buffer area; according to the amplitude of the sampled data and the set amplitude threshold value, determining whether to keep the fluidity in the first FIFO buffer area or to transmit the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer area and reset the first FIFO buffer area; acquiring the instantaneous phase of data in a second FIFO buffer area, and acquiring the arrival time and amplitude of the head wave of the signal according to the instantaneous phase and the set phase threshold; the real-time property of extracting the signal head wave information is improved.
According to the technical scheme, whether the head wave arrives or not is preliminarily judged for the pre-sampling signal through the amplitude threshold value, the arrival time and the amplitude of the head wave are accurately extracted by utilizing the phase, and the accuracy and the real-time performance of the head wave information extraction are greatly improved by adopting a double-state machine and setting a first FIFO (first in first out) buffer area and a second FIFO buffer area so as to deal with the real-time capture of the burst event. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the number of data acquisition is greatly reduced, the head wave extraction speed is improved, the consumed hardware resources are reduced, the analysis speed is greatly improved, the signal head wave extraction method can be used in various fields, and important information is provided for geological exploration, structural damage identification and signal processing.
According to the technical scheme, a parallel processing mode of two state machines is adopted, the acquisition and the head wave judgment are carried out simultaneously, the operation efficiency of the system is greatly improved, meanwhile, the problem of inconsistent operation speed between the two state machines (amplitude judgment and phase judgment) is solved by using a mean value filtering means, the operation speed is improved, and the stability of the system is ensured; the accuracy of head wave judgment is improved, the speed of head wave judgment is accelerated, the real-time property of head wave information extraction is greatly improved, and the method and the device can be applied to application occasions with high real-time property.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for extracting signal head wave information is characterized by comprising the following steps:
storing the sampling data of the signal to be detected into a first FIFO buffer area;
according to the amplitude of the sampled data and the set amplitude threshold value, determining whether to keep the fluidity in the first FIFO buffer area or to transmit the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer area and reset the first FIFO buffer area;
and acquiring the instantaneous phase of the data in the second FIFO buffer area, and acquiring the arrival time and amplitude of the head wave of the signal according to the instantaneous phase and the set phase threshold.
2. The method for extracting signal head wave information according to claim 1, wherein determining whether to maintain fluidity in the first FIFO buffer or to transfer the sample data to the second FIFO buffer and reset the first FIFO buffer according to the amplitude of the sample data and a set amplitude threshold comprises:
and when the amplitude of the sampled data is smaller than a set amplitude threshold value, the fluidity in the first FIFO buffer area is kept, and when the amplitude of the sampled data is equal to or larger than the set amplitude threshold value, the sampled data is transmitted to the second FIFO buffer area and the first FIFO buffer area is reset.
3. The method for extracting signal head wave information according to claim 1, wherein transmitting the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer includes: and when the first FIFO buffer area is full of data, transmitting the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer area.
4. The method for extracting signal head wave information according to claim 3, wherein when the first FIFO buffer area is full of data, the method transmits the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer area, and specifically comprises: and when the first FIFO buffer area is full of data, outputting the sampling data of the first FIFO buffer area, carrying out mean value filtering, and transmitting the sampling data subjected to mean value filtering to the second FIFO buffer area.
5. The method for extracting the signal head wave information according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the instantaneous phase of the data in the second FIFO buffer includes: and performing Hilbert transform on the data in the second FIFO buffer area to obtain a corresponding instantaneous phase.
6. The method for extracting the signal head wave information according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the arrival time and the amplitude of the signal head wave according to the instantaneous phase and the magnitude of the set phase threshold specifically comprises:
and when the instantaneous phase is smaller than a set phase threshold value, taking a signal point corresponding to the instantaneous phase as a starting point and determining the signal point as the arrival time of the head wave, taking the starting point as the starting point of the monitoring signal, and when the instantaneous phase of the signal becomes zero, taking the corresponding amplitude as the amplitude of the head wave.
7. The method for extracting the head wave information of the signal according to claim 1, further comprising sampling the signal to be measured by analog-to-digital conversion to obtain sampling data of the signal to be measured.
8. A signal head wave information extraction system is characterized by comprising a sampling data storage module, a data transmission module and a head wave judgment module;
the sampling data storage module is used for storing the sampling data of the signal to be detected into a first FIFO buffer area;
the data transmission module is used for determining whether to keep the fluidity in the first FIFO buffer area or transmit the sampled data to the second FIFO buffer area and reset the first FIFO buffer area according to the amplitude of the sampled data and the set amplitude threshold value;
and the head wave judging module is used for acquiring the instantaneous phase of the data in the second FIFO buffer area and acquiring the arrival time and amplitude of the signal head wave according to the instantaneous phase and the set phase threshold value.
9. A signal head wave information extraction device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the signal head wave information extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the signal head wave information extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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