CN113009575A - Method and system for monitoring pollutants in underground water - Google Patents
Method and system for monitoring pollutants in underground water Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for monitoring pollutants in underground water. Acquiring a B-ultrasonic imaging image; calculating a Gaussian weighted average value of pixel values of each local area according to the brightness distribution conditions of different areas in the B-ultrasonic imaging image to divide water, soil and rock in the B-ultrasonic imaging image; monitoring the change conditions of the terrain of the bed surface and the water-soil-rock interface in the rock-soil body by monitoring the change conditions of water, soil and rock in the B ultrasonic imaging image in real time; the method comprises the following steps of determining the range and the size of pollutants in the underground water and the migration path direction of the pollutants in the underground water according to the change conditions of the terrain of a bed surface and the water-soil-rock interface in a rock-soil body, thereby realizing the real-time monitoring and analysis of the forms of the pollutants in the water-soil-rock interface region and the parasitic environment of the pollutants in the underground water environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to a method and a system for monitoring pollutants in underground water.
Background
Water is an environmental element for living which is indiscernible for human beings and all living bodies, and underground water is an indispensable important component in water resources. In recent decades, various forms of human activities have increased and diffused various pollutants, and paving water impermeable or semi-permeable pavements has decreased the rate of natural groundwater recharge, resulting in the concentration of pollutants in groundwater. The research on the form structure and migration rule of the underground water pollutants has important significance for the protection and utilization of water resources and the early warning and protection of geological disasters. Due to the complex and difficult implementation of the underground water environment, the pollutant form and the parasitic environment existing in the water-soil-rock junction area in the underground water environment cannot be monitored and analyzed in real time at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for monitoring pollutants in underground water, solves the technical problem that the pollutant form and the parasitic environment existing in a water-soil-rock junction area in an underground water environment cannot be monitored and analyzed in real time in the prior art, and achieves the technical effect of monitoring and analyzing the pollutant form and the parasitic environment existing in the water-soil-rock junction area in the underground water environment in real time.
The invention provides a method for monitoring pollutants in underground water, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a B-ultrasonic imaging image;
calculating a Gaussian weighted average value of pixel values of each local area according to the brightness distribution conditions of different areas in the B-ultrasonic imaging image to divide water, soil and rock in the B-ultrasonic imaging image;
monitoring the change conditions of the water, soil and rock interfaces in the topography of the bed surface and the rock and soil body by monitoring the change conditions of water, soil and rock in the B ultrasonic imaging image in real time;
and determining the range and the size of the pollutants in the underground water and the migration path direction of the pollutants in the underground water according to the change conditions of the bed surface topography and the water-soil-rock interface inside the rock-soil body.
Further, the acquiring the B-mode ultrasonic imaging image comprises:
and arranging a probe of the B-ultrasonic detection equipment under the surface of the on-site water for observation to obtain the B-ultrasonic imaging image.
Further, the dividing water, soil and rock in the B-mode ultrasound imaging image by calculating a gaussian weighted average of pixel values of each local region according to the brightness distribution of different regions in the B-mode ultrasound imaging image includes:
calculating the Gaussian weighted average value of the pixel value of each local area according to the brightness distribution condition of different areas in the B-ultrasonic imaging image;
and comparing the calculated Gaussian weighted average value of each local area pixel value with a threshold value in a preset Gaussian weighted average value database, and dividing water, soil and rock in the B-ultrasonic imaging image.
Further, after the acquiring the B-ultrasonic imaging image, the method further comprises:
performing difference operation on B ultrasonic imaging images of two adjacent frames to obtain a difference image between every two frames of images;
and sequentially subtracting the difference image between the two frames of images from the next frame of image to obtain a target image.
Further, after the obtaining the target image, the method further includes:
and performing self-adaptive threshold segmentation and morphological filtering treatment on the target image to obtain an enhanced B-mode ultrasonic imaging image of the pollutants in the water.
The invention also provides a system for monitoring pollutants in underground water, which comprises:
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a B ultrasonic imaging image;
the operation module is used for calculating a Gaussian weighted average value of pixel values of each local area according to the brightness distribution conditions of different areas in the B-ultrasonic imaging image to divide water, soil and rock in the B-ultrasonic imaging image;
the recording module is used for monitoring the change conditions of the water-soil-rock interface in the topography of the bed surface and the rock-soil body by monitoring the change conditions of water, soil and rock in the B ultrasonic imaging image in real time;
and the analysis module is used for determining the range and the size of the pollutants in the underground water and the migration path direction of the pollutants in the underground water according to the change conditions of the bed surface terrain and the water-soil-rock interface inside the rock-soil body.
Further, the image acquisition module is specifically configured to acquire a B-mode ultrasound imaging image through a B-mode ultrasound detection device.
Further, the operation module includes:
the calculation unit is used for calculating a Gaussian weighted average value of pixel values of each local area according to the brightness distribution conditions of different areas in the B-ultrasonic imaging image;
and the comparison unit is used for comparing the calculated Gaussian weighted average value of each local area pixel value with a threshold value in a preset Gaussian weighted average value database and marking off water, soil and rock in the B-ultrasonic imaging image.
Further, still include: the image processing module is used for carrying out difference operation on the B ultrasonic imaging images of two adjacent frames to obtain a difference image between each two frames of images; and sequentially subtracting the difference image between the two frames of images from the next frame of image to obtain a target image.
Further, still include: and the image enhancement module is used for carrying out self-adaptive threshold segmentation and morphological filtering processing on the target image to obtain an enhanced B-mode ultrasonic imaging image of the pollutants in the water.
One or more technical schemes provided by the invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
acquiring a B-ultrasonic imaging image; calculating a Gaussian weighted average value of pixel values of each local area according to the brightness distribution conditions of different areas in the B-ultrasonic imaging image to divide water, soil and rock in the B-ultrasonic imaging image; monitoring the change conditions of the terrain of the bed surface and the water-soil-rock interface in the rock-soil body by monitoring the change conditions of water, soil and rock in the B ultrasonic imaging image in real time; the method comprises the following steps of determining the range and the size of pollutants in the underground water and the migration path direction of the pollutants in the underground water according to the change conditions of the terrain of a bed surface and the water-soil-rock interface in a rock-soil body, thereby realizing the real-time monitoring and analysis of the forms of the pollutants in the water-soil-rock interface region and the parasitic environment of the pollutants in the underground water environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring contaminants in groundwater provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a B-mode ultrasonic imaging image obtained by the method for monitoring contaminants in groundwater according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a system for monitoring contaminants in groundwater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for monitoring pollutants in underground water, solves the technical problem that the pollutant form and the parasitic environment existing in a water-soil-rock junction area in an underground water environment cannot be monitored and analyzed in real time in the prior art, and achieves the technical effect of monitoring and analyzing the pollutant form and the parasitic environment existing in the water-soil-rock junction area in the underground water environment in real time.
Before describing the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be made specifically of the contaminants in groundwater in the embodiments of the present invention:
in a dark river in an underground river or a cave, the river is quite calm from the top, but the water flow in the river and the river bottom is turbulent, and some cave organisms or plankton, and massive or flocculent pollutants such as pollutants and secondary pollutants can exist. These objects, which have shapes other than normal water and rock, include living bodies that may be present, and are collectively referred to herein as contaminants.
In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention has the following general idea:
a convex array probe of the portable B-ultrasonic instrument is directly placed on the lower side of the surface of on-site water for observation and analysis, and B-ultrasonic video images of water bodies and pollutants in water in on-site underground rivers or caves and shallow surface layers of underwater rock and soil bodies are obtained. And analyzing and identifying morphological characteristics of pollutants in water in the video image and imaging bright bands of the bottom rock-soil body, such as the shapes and the movement change rules of abnormal spots or stripes. By analyzing and monitoring the change conditions of the spots or the bright band characteristics, the visualized analysis of the pollutants in the groundwater body and the detection and tracking of the migration change conditions are realized, and the real-time monitoring of the underground landform and the change conditions of the underwater rock-soil body is realized.
For better understanding of the above technical solutions, the following detailed descriptions will be provided in conjunction with the drawings and the detailed description of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for monitoring contaminants in groundwater according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
step S110: acquiring a B-ultrasonic imaging image;
specifically describing the step, acquiring the B-mode ultrasonic imaging image includes:
the probe of the B-ultrasonic detection device is arranged under the surface of the field water for observation, and a B-ultrasonic imaging image is obtained, as shown in figure 2.
In this embodiment, the B-ultrasonic detection device is a B-mode ultrasonic convex array real-time imaging instrument (TY-6858-I) or an Apogee 1100 all-digital color doppler ultrasonic diagnostic system.
Step S120: calculating a Gaussian weighted average value of pixel values of each local area according to the brightness distribution conditions of different areas in the B-ultrasonic imaging image to divide water, soil and rock in the B-ultrasonic imaging image;
specifically describing the step, calculating a gaussian weighted average of pixel values of each local region according to the brightness distribution conditions of different regions in the B-mode ultrasonic imaging image to divide water, soil and rock in the B-mode ultrasonic imaging image, including:
calculating a Gaussian weighted average value of pixel values of each local area according to the brightness distribution conditions of different areas in the B-ultrasonic imaging image;
and comparing the calculated Gaussian weighted average value of each local area pixel value with a threshold value in a preset Gaussian weighted average value database, and dividing water, soil and rocks in the B-ultrasonic imaging image.
Specifically, the preset gaussian weighted average value database stores gaussian weighted average value thresholds corresponding to water, soil and rock, the calculated gaussian weighted average value of each local area pixel value is compared with the gaussian weighted average value thresholds stored in the database, and the water, soil and rock in the B-mode ultrasonic imaging image are divided according to the comparison result.
In order to improve the monitoring precision of the pollutants in the groundwater, after the B ultrasonic imaging image is obtained, the method further comprises the following steps:
performing difference operation on B ultrasonic imaging images of two adjacent frames to obtain a difference image between every two frames of images;
and sequentially subtracting the difference image between the two frames of images from the next frame of image to obtain a target image.
In this case, calculating a gaussian weighted average of pixel values of each local region according to the brightness distribution of different regions in the B-mode ultrasound imaging image includes:
and calculating the Gaussian weighted average value of the pixel values of each local area according to the brightness distribution conditions of different areas in the target image.
In order to further improve the monitoring precision of the pollutants in the groundwater, after obtaining the target image, the method further comprises the following steps:
and (4) performing self-adaptive threshold segmentation and morphological filtering treatment on the target image to obtain an enhanced B-mode ultrasonic imaging image of the pollutants in the water.
In the present embodiment, the adaptive threshold segmentation method employs an adaptive threshold function in an opencv library. The morphological filtering method adopts a difference mode between an expansion operation and an erosion operation to highlight the edge morphology of the bulk pollutant, and then adopts a flood filling method to connect pollutant areas in the image. And finally, carrying out statistical analysis on the regional area and morphological characteristics of the bulk pollutants on the basis.
In this case, calculating a gaussian weighted average of pixel values of each local region according to the brightness distribution of different regions in the B-mode ultrasound imaging image includes:
and calculating the Gaussian weighted average value of the pixel value of each local area according to the brightness distribution condition of different areas in the enhanced B-mode ultrasonic imaging image of the pollutants in the water.
Step S130: monitoring the change conditions of the terrain of the bed surface and the water-soil-rock interface in the rock-soil body by monitoring the change conditions of water, soil and rock in the B ultrasonic imaging image in real time;
step S140: and determining the range and the size of the pollutants in the underground water and the migration path direction of the pollutants in the underground water according to the change conditions of the terrain of the bed surface and the water-soil-rock interface in the rock-soil body.
According to the range and the size of the pollutants in the underground water and the migration path direction of the pollutants in the underground water, the interaction mechanism and the transformation trend between water, soil and rock under the action of water are researched, so that the further damage and influence of human activities on the underground water and the rock-soil structure are prevented.
Referring to fig. 3, the monitoring system for pollutants in groundwater provided by the embodiment of the invention includes:
an image acquisition module 100, configured to acquire a B-ultrasonic imaging image;
specifically, the image acquiring module 100 is specifically configured to acquire a B-mode ultrasound imaging image through a B-mode ultrasound detecting apparatus.
In this embodiment, the B-ultrasonic detection device is a B-mode ultrasonic convex array real-time imaging instrument (TY-6858-I) or an Apogee 1100 all-digital color doppler ultrasonic diagnostic system.
The operation module 200 is configured to calculate a gaussian weighted average of pixel values of each local region according to brightness distribution conditions of different regions in the B-mode ultrasonic imaging image to divide water, soil and rock in the B-mode ultrasonic imaging image;
specifically, the operation module 200 includes:
the calculation unit is used for calculating the Gaussian weighted average value of the pixel value of each local area according to the brightness distribution condition of different areas in the B-ultrasonic imaging image;
and the comparison unit is used for comparing the calculated Gaussian weighted average value of each local area pixel value with a threshold value in a preset Gaussian weighted average value database and dividing water, soil and rock in the B-ultrasonic imaging image.
Specifically, the preset gaussian weighted average value database stores gaussian weighted average value thresholds corresponding to water, soil and rock, the calculated gaussian weighted average value of each local area pixel value is compared with the gaussian weighted average value thresholds stored in the database, and the water, soil and rock in the B-mode ultrasonic imaging image are divided according to the comparison result.
In order to improve the monitoring precision of the pollutant in the groundwater, still include:
the image processing module is used for carrying out difference operation on the B ultrasonic imaging images of two adjacent frames to obtain a difference image between each two frames of images; and sequentially subtracting the difference image between the two frames of images from the next frame of image to obtain a target image.
In this case, the calculating unit is specifically configured to calculate a gaussian weighted average of the pixel values of each local area according to the luminance distribution of different areas in the target image.
In order to further improve the monitoring precision of the pollutant in the groundwater, the method also comprises the following steps:
and the image enhancement module is used for carrying out self-adaptive threshold segmentation and morphological filtering processing on the target image to obtain an enhanced B-mode ultrasonic imaging image of the pollutants in the water.
In the present embodiment, the adaptive threshold segmentation method employs an adaptive threshold function in an opencv library. The morphological filtering method adopts a difference mode between an expansion operation and an erosion operation to highlight the edge morphology of the bulk pollutant, and then adopts a flood filling method to connect pollutant areas in the image. And finally, carrying out statistical analysis on the regional area and morphological characteristics of the bulk pollutants on the basis.
In this case, the calculating unit is specifically configured to calculate a gaussian weighted average of pixel values of each local region according to brightness distribution of different regions in the enhanced B-mode imaging image of the pollutant in water.
The recording module 300 is used for monitoring the change conditions of the water-soil-rock interface in the topography of the bed surface and the rock-soil body by monitoring the change conditions of water, soil and rock in the B-ultrasonic imaging image in real time;
and the analysis module 400 is used for determining the range and the size of the pollutants in the underground water and the migration path direction of the pollutants in the underground water according to the change conditions of the landform of the bed surface and the water-soil-rock interface inside the rock-soil body.
Advantageous effects
1. Performing difference operation on B ultrasonic imaging images of two adjacent frames to obtain a difference image between every two frames of images; and the difference image between the two images is sequentially subtracted from the next image to obtain a target image, so that the monitoring precision of pollutants in the underground water is improved.
2. And (3) performing self-adaptive threshold segmentation and morphological filtering treatment on the target image to obtain an enhanced B-mode ultrasonic imaging image of the pollutants in the water, so that the monitoring precision of the pollutants in the underground water is further improved.
3. The modern B ultrasonic instrument widely adopts a digital sound beam synthesis technology, obviously improves the focusing characteristic of sound beams and improves the resolution of images. Moreover, the B-ultrasonic can clearly obtain the light spot image of sand grains with the diameter as small as 0.05mm in water, and realize the analysis of the light spot concentration of the sand grains in the water and the measurement of the topography of the underwater bed surface, so that the embodiment of the invention can adopt a full-digital B-ultrasonic instrument and properly improve the frequency of ultrasonic waves, which obviously improves the B-ultrasonic imaging quality and the imaging precision of underwater pollutants and bottom rock-soil bodies, thereby realizing the accurate monitoring of the pollutants in the water.
On the basis of expanding and applying the medical B-ultrasonic imaging technology, the embodiment of the invention emphatically researches the B-ultrasonic imaging characteristics of the groundwater environment and the underwater rock-soil body and the internal relationship and application value between the characteristics, and researches are sequentially carried out from the aspects of B-ultrasonic imaging characteristics, characteristic analysis and extraction and the internal relationship. Firstly, B ultrasonic imaging is carried out on an underground water body and an underwater rock-soil body by utilizing a B ultrasonic instrument, and a large number of B ultrasonic video images of the section of the water body and the underwater rock-soil body are obtained; secondly, analyzing the water body, pollutants in the water and B ultrasonic imaging characteristics of the shallow surface layer of the underwater rock-soil body aiming at the characteristics and the structure in the B ultrasonic video image, and identifying and extracting the image characteristics, wherein the image characteristics comprise morphological characteristics and migration characteristics of the pollutants in the water and structural characteristics and variation trend characteristics of the shallow surface layer of the underwater rock-soil body; finally, on-site environment data and related geological data are fully utilized, and the corresponding relation between the B-ultrasonic image characteristics and the water body, the pollutants in the water and the underwater rock-soil body is contrastively analyzed, so that a real-time monitoring method of the underground water and the pollutants is researched, macro-micro structural characteristics of the rock-soil body are researched, then the interaction mechanism and the transformation trend between the water and the soil and the rock under the action of water are researched, further damage and influence of human activities on the underground water and the rock-soil structure are prevented, and the method has important research significance and application value on engineering such as rock-soil, geology, environmental protection, disaster reduction and prevention and the like. The detection precision of the embodiment of the invention for the underwater pollutants and the pollutants is 1mm, the tangible pollutants and the migration condition thereof in the underground water can be monitored in real time, and the detection and tracking precision can reach 1 mm/s. The embodiment of the invention provides a new technical means for early prevention of underground water pollution and geological disasters.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A method of monitoring contaminants in groundwater, comprising:
acquiring a B-ultrasonic imaging image;
calculating a Gaussian weighted average value of pixel values of each local area according to the brightness distribution conditions of different areas in the B-ultrasonic imaging image to divide water, soil and rock in the B-ultrasonic imaging image;
monitoring the change conditions of the water, soil and rock interfaces in the topography of the bed surface and the rock and soil body by monitoring the change conditions of water, soil and rock in the B ultrasonic imaging image in real time;
and determining the range and the size of the pollutants in the underground water and the migration path direction of the pollutants in the underground water according to the change conditions of the bed surface topography and the water-soil-rock interface inside the rock-soil body.
2. The method of monitoring contaminants in groundwater according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring a B-mode ultrasound imaging image comprises:
and arranging a probe of the B-ultrasonic detection equipment under the surface of the on-site water for observation to obtain the B-ultrasonic imaging image.
3. The method for monitoring pollutants in groundwater according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating a gaussian weighted average of pixel values of each local region according to the brightness distribution of different regions in the B-mode ultrasonic imaging image to divide water, soil and rock in the B-mode ultrasonic imaging image comprises:
calculating the Gaussian weighted average value of the pixel value of each local area according to the brightness distribution condition of different areas in the B-ultrasonic imaging image;
and comparing the calculated Gaussian weighted average value of each local area pixel value with a threshold value in a preset Gaussian weighted average value database, and dividing water, soil and rock in the B-ultrasonic imaging image.
4. The method of monitoring contaminants in groundwater according to any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising, after the acquiring the B-mode ultrasound imaging image:
performing difference operation on B ultrasonic imaging images of two adjacent frames to obtain a difference image between every two frames of images;
and sequentially subtracting the difference image between the two frames of images from the next frame of image to obtain a target image.
5. The method of monitoring contaminants in groundwater according to claim 4, further comprising, after the obtaining the target image:
and performing self-adaptive threshold segmentation and morphological filtering treatment on the target image to obtain an enhanced B-mode ultrasonic imaging image of the pollutants in the water.
6. A system for monitoring contaminants in groundwater, comprising:
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a B ultrasonic imaging image;
the operation module is used for calculating a Gaussian weighted average value of pixel values of each local area according to the brightness distribution conditions of different areas in the B-ultrasonic imaging image to divide water, soil and rock in the B-ultrasonic imaging image;
the recording module is used for monitoring the change conditions of the water-soil-rock interface in the topography of the bed surface and the rock-soil body by monitoring the change conditions of water, soil and rock in the B ultrasonic imaging image in real time;
and the analysis module is used for determining the range and the size of the pollutants in the underground water and the migration path direction of the pollutants in the underground water according to the change conditions of the bed surface terrain and the water-soil-rock interface inside the rock-soil body.
7. The system for monitoring contaminants in groundwater according to claim 6, wherein the image acquisition module is particularly configured to acquire B-mode ultrasound imaging images via a B-mode ultrasound detection device.
8. The system for monitoring contaminants in groundwater according to claim 6, wherein the computing module comprises:
the calculation unit is used for calculating a Gaussian weighted average value of pixel values of each local area according to the brightness distribution conditions of different areas in the B-ultrasonic imaging image;
and the comparison unit is used for comparing the calculated Gaussian weighted average value of each local area pixel value with a threshold value in a preset Gaussian weighted average value database and marking off water, soil and rock in the B-ultrasonic imaging image.
9. A system for monitoring contaminants in groundwater according to any of claims 6 to 8, further comprising:
the image processing module is used for carrying out difference operation on the B ultrasonic imaging images of two adjacent frames to obtain a difference image between each two frames of images; and sequentially subtracting the difference image between the two frames of images from the next frame of image to obtain a target image.
10. The system for monitoring contaminants in groundwater of claim 9, further comprising:
and the image enhancement module is used for carrying out self-adaptive threshold segmentation and morphological filtering processing on the target image to obtain an enhanced B-mode ultrasonic imaging image of the pollutants in the water.
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