CN113009238A - Capacitive sleeve insulation defect monitoring method based on wide-area synchronous time service - Google Patents
Capacitive sleeve insulation defect monitoring method based on wide-area synchronous time service Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
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- G01R27/2694—Measuring dielectric loss, e.g. loss angle, loss factor or power factor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a capacitive sleeve insulation defect monitoring method based on wide-area synchronous time service, which is characterized in that a main control terminal carries out synchronous time service on monitoring units in a wide-area environment, and a synchronous instruction is transmitted to each monitoring unit through wireless communication to complete time synchronization of the main control terminal and all the monitoring units; and analyzing the received data by the main control terminal, processing the current data acquired at the same time according to the timestamp information, calculating relative dielectric loss factors, and comparing the relative dielectric loss factors to finish the judgment of the insulation defects of the equipment and the positioning of the insulation defect equipment. The invention greatly improves the reliability of the detection result aiming at the insulation defect of the capacitance type sleeve and realizes real-time on-line monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for detecting a dielectric loss factor of power equipment, which is used for monitoring the insulation performance of capacitive bushings under the same phase and different phases under the same power system and provides guarantee for the safe operation of the power equipment.
Background
The capacitive bushing is a common accessory used for being connected with a bus and the like in the operation of power system equipment such as a power transformer and the like, and operates in a high-voltage state for a long time; due to factors such as chemical corrosion, surface contamination, mechanical stress, system overvoltage and the like, the insulation performance of the capacitive bushing is reduced to different degrees, insulation defects are caused in severe cases, and operation faults of equipment such as a power transformer and the like are caused by the insulation defects, so that the reliability of a power grid is threatened; timely learning of the device insulation state of the operating capacitive bushing is important for improving the operational reliability of the transformer.
The relative dielectric loss factor is an important index for reflecting the insulation state of the capacitive equipment and can reflect the integral defect or larger centralized defect of the equipment; the relative dielectric loss factor is represented by a tangent value of a current fundamental wave vector angle difference of two capacitive devices, and the data is obtained by periodic maintenance in the process of maintenance of a transformer substation at present.
The periodic maintenance mode is a main mode of domestic substation maintenance for the maintenance of the capacitive equipment, namely periodic pre-test maintenance is carried out on the substation equipment in a certain period. The maintenance mode needs to be carried out in a power failure state, and the implementation of planned power failure can influence the stable operation of a power system; and the equipment can not be stopped for some special reasons, so that the test omission can occur, the test period can be already exceeded when the equipment is tested again, and the equipment cannot be detected in time even if the insulation defect exists. In a normal power failure maintenance mode, the test voltage is generally 10kV, and the actual operation voltage of the equipment is much higher than 10 kV. Because some internal insulation defects can not be detected under 10kV, the hidden insulation defects are rapidly enlarged under the action of system voltage for a long time in the operation process, so that accidents are caused, and the safe and reliable operation of a power system is influenced. Under this mode, even equipment is in the good condition, also need to carry out the preliminary examination according to the maintenance cycle and overhaul, not only extravagant manpower and materials, still can harm equipment because dismantle the installation many times, lead to overhauing excessively. Because the test is a periodic test, if the equipment has insulation defects in the period, the equipment cannot be detected in time, and accidents are likely to occur in two test periods. Due to the defects of maintenance, common defects cannot be found out in time and become emergency defects, so that the electrical equipment is forced to be stopped emergently, the workload of emergency repair is increased, and the safe and reliable operation of the power grid is also seriously influenced. With the enhancement of the intelligent requirement of the transformer substation, the existing periodic maintenance mode has the limitations that the insulation defect under high voltage cannot be completely detected, the maintenance is excessive, the maintenance is insufficient and the like due to the fact that a power failure test is needed and the test voltage is low, and the requirement of the intelligent construction of the transformer substation cannot be met; the medium loss and the electric capacity are measured during power failure, a generator car needs to be prepared, manpower and material resources are consumed, the power supply reliability is influenced, the test time is limited, and the test voltage is limited. The insulation of the equipment in the running state can not be completely reflected, and the timely tracking of the insulation condition of the equipment is not facilitated.
At present, in the actual operation of relative dielectric loss factor live measurement, two capacitive devices which can be connected with each other at the same place are mainly tested, the measurement is limited by the geographical position and the number of the capacitive devices, the relative dielectric factor between the two capacitive devices at the same place is obtained for the two capacitive devices at the same place, and the existence of a fault is further judged according to the relative dielectric factor; however, this method cannot locate the faulty device, and cannot confirm which device has an insulation defect, which greatly limits the detection efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art, provides a capacitive sleeve insulation defect monitoring method based on wide-area synchronous time service, improves the reliability of a detection result aiming at the insulation defect of a capacitive sleeve, and realizes real-time online monitoring.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
the invention relates to a capacitive sleeve insulation defect monitoring method based on wide-area synchronous time service, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing a detection system, setting N capacitance type bushings on buses which are in the same voltage class, the same frequency and the same phase in each transformer substation under the same power system as the tested equipment in the detection system, defining equipment numbers for the N capacitance type bushings in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and using C to calculate the number of the equipment numbersiCharacterizing the equipment number of each capacitive bushing, i.e. equipment CiIs the ith capacitive sleeve of the N capacitive sleeves, i ═ 1,2, …, N; a main control terminal is arranged, and monitoring with wireless communication control is arranged in one-to-one correspondence to each capacitive sleeveUnit CMiAnd a sleeve end sensor, the monitoring unit CMiAcquiring a sleeve loop current signal through a sleeve tail end sensor which is correspondingly arranged, and performing wireless communication control on each monitoring unit by the main control terminal; the detection system is utilized to carry out detection according to the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the following steps that a main control terminal serves as a master station to send a wide-area time synchronization Beidou time service instruction, and each monitoring unit serves as a slave station to receive the time service instruction to complete time synchronization of the main control terminal and all monitoring units to form a timestamp;
step 2: the loop current I of each capacitance type bushing is obtained by the one-to-one corresponding measurement of each monitoring unitCiAccording to said loop current ICiCalculating to obtain current fundamental wave signals, and calculating to obtain current loss angles delta (i) of the capacitive bushings according to the current fundamental wave signals in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
and step 3: the monitoring units send data information to the main control terminal through wireless communication; the data information includes: device number C of capacitive bushingiTime information characterized by a time stamp, and a loop current loss angle δ (i) of the capacitive bushing;
and 4, step 4: processing data information from the monitoring unit by the main control terminal, namely calculating data under the same timestamp according to the formula (1) to obtain a relative dielectric loss factor between any two capacitive bushings in the N capacitive bushings;
k and p respectively represent the kth and the pth capacitive bushings in the N capacitive bushings, namely a device Ck and a device Cp;
the loop current loss angles of the device Ck and the device Cp are represented by δ (k) and δ (p), respectively;
wherein k, p ═ 1,2, …, N; and k is not equal to p;
and 5: and the main control terminal judges the insulation defect of the equipment by adopting a comparison method according to the relative medium factor and realizes the positioning of the defective equipment.
The capacitive sleeve insulation defect monitoring method based on wide-area synchronous time service is also characterized in that: the comparison method is used for judging the insulation defect of the equipment and realizing the positioning of the defective equipment according to the following method:
defining the capacitive bushing with the equipment number Ca as tested equipment Ca, which is any one of N pieces of equipment;
defining other devices except the tested device Ca in all the N devices as comparison devices Cj;
and (3) calculating to obtain the relative dielectric loss factor variation according to the formula (2):
wherein: j ═ 1,2, …, M; m ═ N-1; the | | is expressed as an absolute value operation;
θ (j, a) is the relative dielectric loss factor variation of the device Cj and the device Ca;
nominal value of relative dielectric loss factor of said device Cj and device Ca
The method comprises the following steps: relative dielectric loss between device Cj and device Ca at system start-up with all devices in normal stateA factor initial value;
if: all the values of theta (j, a) of j 1,2, …, M are not greater than or only one value is greater than the relative dielectric loss factor variation standard value theta of the in-phase equipmentStandard of meritIf the insulation state of the equipment Ca is normal, judging that the equipment Ca is in the insulation state; otherwise, judging the equipment Ca as insulation defect equipment; and the equipment number is utilized to realize the positioning of the insulation defect equipment; thetaStandard of meritIs a standard value of relative dielectric loss factor variation of in-phase equipment which is set according to the specification.
The capacitive sleeve insulation defect monitoring method based on wide-area synchronous time service is also characterized in that: and taking each device in all the N capacitive bushings as tested devices one by one, and judging the device fault according to the comparison method to finish the device detection and positioning of all the N capacitive bushings.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention sets the main control terminal and each monitoring unit, and sends the wide area time synchronization Beidou time service instruction by the main control terminal to complete the time synchronization of all the monitoring units, thereby realizing the on-line detection on one hand, eliminating the limitation of geographical positions on the other hand, and constructing a detection system aiming at all the substations in the same area or different areas under the same power system, realizing the on-line monitoring aiming at the power system and greatly improving the intelligent level of the substations;
2. the invention effectively avoids the condition of excessive maintenance or insufficient maintenance in an online monitoring mode;
3. the invention monitors the loop current of the capacitance bushing in the power system on line, is a detection mode of insulation defect under high voltage operation, and greatly improves the reliability of the detection result.
4. The invention realizes the accurate positioning of the insulation defect equipment by using the equipment number and provides guarantee for the safe operation of the power system.
5. The invention can greatly reduce the cost of the detection work of the insulation defect of the equipment by constructing the detection system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a system architecture according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the synchronous time service process of the master controller terminal in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of the workflow of the monitoring unit in the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method for monitoring the insulation defect of the capacitive sleeve based on the wide-area synchronous time service in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
a detection system is constructed according to the architecture shown in FIG. 1, N capacitance type bushings on buses which are in the same voltage class, the same frequency and the same phase in each transformer substation under the same power system are set as tested equipment in the detection system, equipment numbers are defined for the N capacitance type bushings in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and C is used foriCharacterizing the equipment number of each capacitive bushing, i.e. equipment CiThe capacitance type bushing is the ith capacitance type bushing in the N capacitance type bushings, i is 1,2, …, N; a main control terminal is arranged, and monitoring units CM with wireless communication control are arranged corresponding to the capacitance type sleeves one by oneiAnd a sleeve end sensor, a monitoring unit CMiAnd acquiring a loop current signal of the sleeve by a corresponding sleeve tail end sensor, and performing wireless communication control on each monitoring unit by a main control terminal.
In this embodiment, the detection system is used to perform the detection according to the following steps:
step 1: the master control terminal is used as a master station to send a wide-area time synchronization Beidou time service Instruction acquisition _ sys _ timing, the time service precision is controlled to be less than 10ns, and reliable time trigger reference is provided for data acquisition; each monitoring unit is used as a slave station to receive a time service instruction to complete time synchronization of the main control terminal and all the monitoring units, a timestamp is formed, and the monitoring units are connected in series to the tested equipment through the end screen of the equipment and used for carrying out dielectric loss measurement in a charged mode to obtain a sampling signal.
Fig. 2 shows a master terminal synchronous authorization flow control, which includes:
(2.1) initializing a main control terminal;
(2.2) the master control terminal sends out a wide area time synchronization timing Instruction acquisition _ sys _ timing;
(2.3) starting a master-slave mutual transmission program and waiting;
(2.4) judging whether each measuring terminal device receives a time synchronization instruction; if the measuring terminal equipment does not receive the time synchronization instruction, returning to the step (2.3); if each measuring terminal device receives the time synchronization instruction, the step (2.5) is carried out;
(2.5) the main control terminal completes time service instruction sending;
and (2.6) finishing.
Step 2: the loop current I of each capacitance type bushing is obtained by the one-to-one corresponding measurement of each monitoring unitCiAccording to the loop current ICiAnd calculating to obtain a current fundamental wave signal, and calculating to obtain a current loss angle delta (i) of each capacitive sleeve according to the current fundamental wave signal in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
And step 3: each monitoring unit sends data information to the main control terminal through wireless communication; the data information includes: device number C of capacitive bushingiTime information characterized by a time stamp, and a loop current loss angle δ (i) of the capacitive bushing.
FIG. 3 illustrates a monitoring unit workflow control comprising:
(3.1) initializing a monitoring unit;
(3.2) starting the master-slave station mutual transmission program and waiting;
(3.3) judging whether each measuring unit receives a time synchronization instruction; if the measuring units do not receive the time synchronization command, returning to the step (3.2); if each measuring unit has received the time synchronization command, go to step (3.4);
(3.4) each measuring unit completes time synchronization;
(3.5) sampling the signal;
(3.6) calculating and obtaining a loop current loss angle delta (i) of the capacitive bushing;
(3.7) sending data to the main control terminal;
and (3.8) finishing.
And 4, step 4: processing data information from the monitoring unit by the main control terminal, namely calculating data under the same timestamp according to the formula (1) to obtain a relative dielectric loss factor between any two capacitive bushings in the N capacitive bushings;
k and p respectively represent the kth and the pth capacitive bushings in the N capacitive bushings, namely a device Ck and a device Cp;
the loop current loss angles of the device Ck and the device Cp are represented by δ (k) and δ (p), respectively;
wherein k, p ═ 1,2, …, N; and k ≠ p.
And 5: and the main control terminal judges the insulation defect of the equipment by adopting a comparison method according to the relative medium factor and realizes the positioning of the defective equipment.
Defining the capacitive bushing with the equipment number Ca as tested equipment Ca, which is any one of N pieces of equipment;
defining other devices except the tested device Ca in all the N devices as comparison devices Cj;
and (3) calculating to obtain the relative dielectric loss factor variation according to the formula (2):
wherein: j ═ 1,2, …, M; m ═ N-1; the | | is expressed as an absolute value operation;
θ (j, a) is the relative dielectric loss factor variation of the device Cj and the device Ca;
nominal value of relative dielectric loss factor of device Cj and device Ca
The method comprises the following steps: when the system is started and all the devices are in normal states, relative dielectric loss factor initial values between the devices Cj and the devices Ca are obtained;
if: all the values of theta (j, a) of j 1,2, …, M are not greater than or only one value is greater than the relative dielectric loss factor variation standard value theta of the in-phase equipmentStandard of meritIf the insulation state of the equipment Ca is normal, judging that the equipment Ca is in the insulation state; otherwise, judging the equipment Ca as insulation defect equipment; and the equipment number is utilized to realize the positioning of the insulation defect equipment; thetaStandard of meritIs a standard value of relative dielectric loss factor variation of in-phase equipment which is set according to the specification.
And taking each device in all the N capacitive bushings as tested devices one by one, and judging the device fault according to a comparison method to finish the device detection and positioning of all the N capacitive bushings.
In specific implementation, the same-phase equipment relative dielectric loss factor variation standard value thetaStandard of meritThe method is obtained by field test historical data statistics, and refers to general management regulations for substation detection of national grid company, wherein the regulation and regulation number is 'national grid (operation/3) 829 and 2017, 10 th division' detection rules of relative dielectric loss factor and capacitance ratio 'description' that the dielectric loss measured value of the in-phase equipment is compared with the initial measured value, and the variation is not more than 0.003Standard of meritThe value was 0.003.
Claims (3)
1. A capacitive sleeve insulation defect monitoring method based on wide-area synchronous time service is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing a detection system, and setting N capacitance type bushings on the same phase bus in the same voltage class, the same frequency and the same phase in each transformer substation under the same power system as a detection systemThe tested equipment in the system defines the equipment number for the N capacitance type bushings in one-to-one correspondence, and uses CiCharacterizing the equipment number of each capacitive bushing, i.e. equipment CiIs the ith capacitive sleeve of the N capacitive sleeves, i ═ 1,2, …, N; a main control terminal is arranged, and monitoring units CM with wireless communication control are arranged corresponding to the capacitance type sleeves one by oneiAnd a sleeve end sensor, the monitoring unit CMiAcquiring a sleeve loop current signal through a sleeve tail end sensor which is correspondingly arranged, and performing wireless communication control on each monitoring unit by the main control terminal; the detection system is utilized to carry out detection according to the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the following steps that a main control terminal serves as a master station to send a wide-area time synchronization Beidou time service instruction, and each monitoring unit serves as a slave station to receive the time service instruction to complete time synchronization of the main control terminal and all monitoring units to form a timestamp;
step 2: the loop current I of each capacitance type bushing is obtained by the one-to-one corresponding measurement of each monitoring unitCiAccording to said loop current ICiCalculating to obtain current fundamental wave signals, and calculating to obtain current loss angles delta (i) of the capacitive bushings according to the current fundamental wave signals in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
and step 3: the monitoring units send data information to the main control terminal through wireless communication; the data information includes: device number C of capacitive bushingiTime information characterized by a time stamp, and a loop current loss angle δ (i) of the capacitive bushing;
and 4, step 4: processing data information from the monitoring unit by the main control terminal, namely calculating data under the same timestamp according to the formula (1) to obtain a relative dielectric loss factor between any two capacitive bushings in the N capacitive bushings;
k and p respectively represent the kth and the pth capacitive bushings in the N capacitive bushings, namely a device Ck and a device Cp;
the loop current loss angles of the device Ck and the device Cp are represented by δ (k) and δ (p), respectively;
wherein k, p ═ 1,2, …, N; and k is not equal to p;
and 5: and the main control terminal judges the insulation defect of the equipment by adopting a comparison method according to the relative medium factor and realizes the positioning of the defective equipment.
2. The wide-area synchronous time service-based insulation defect monitoring method for the capacitive sleeve, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the comparison method is used for judging the insulation defect of the equipment and realizing the positioning of the defective equipment according to the following method:
defining the capacitive bushing with the equipment number Ca as tested equipment Ca, which is any one of N pieces of equipment;
defining other devices except the tested device Ca in all the N devices as comparison devices Cj;
and (3) calculating to obtain the relative dielectric loss factor variation according to the formula (2):
wherein: j ═ 1,2, …, M; m ═ N-1; the | | is expressed as an absolute value operation;
θ (j, a) is the relative dielectric loss factor variation of the device Cj and the device Ca;
nominal value of relative dielectric loss factor of said device Cj and device Ca
The method comprises the following steps: when the system is started and all the devices are in normal states, relative dielectric loss factor initial values between the devices Cj and the devices Ca are obtained;
if: all the values of theta (j, a) of j 1,2, …, M are not greater than or only one value is greater than the relative dielectric loss factor variation standard value theta of the in-phase equipmentStandard of meritIf the insulation state of the equipment Ca is normal, judging that the equipment Ca is in the insulation state; otherwise, judging the equipment Ca as insulation defect equipment; and the equipment number is utilized to realize the positioning of the insulation defect equipment; thetaStandard of meritIs a standard value of relative dielectric loss factor variation of in-phase equipment which is set according to the specification.
3. The wide-area synchronous time service-based insulation defect monitoring method for the capacitive sleeve, as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and taking each device in all the N capacitive bushings as tested devices one by one, and judging the device fault according to the comparison method to finish the device detection and positioning of all the N capacitive bushings.
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Application publication date: 20210622 |
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