CN113009180B - Device and method capable of measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of basket of centrifugal machine - Google Patents
Device and method capable of measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of basket of centrifugal machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113009180B CN113009180B CN202110266926.5A CN202110266926A CN113009180B CN 113009180 B CN113009180 B CN 113009180B CN 202110266926 A CN202110266926 A CN 202110266926A CN 113009180 B CN113009180 B CN 113009180B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
Abstract
The invention discloses a measurable deviceA device and a method for measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of a basket of a centrifuge are characterized in that a testing device is placed on the basket of the centrifuge, pore pressure sensors are arranged at positions close to a bottom panel of the testing device, pore pressures at different positions of the same bottom panel are measured through the pore pressure sensors arranged at different positions, liquid level changes at different positions are observed through arranged camerasn. The method can measure the acceleration difference value at any position of the basket of the centrifuge, and provides a reliable method for correcting and compensating the actual centrifugal acceleration at the bottom plate of the basket.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of centrifugal tests, and particularly relates to a device and a method capable of measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of a basket of a centrifugal machine. The method can measure the acceleration difference value at any position of the basket of the centrifuge, and provides a reliable method for correcting and compensating the actual centrifugal acceleration at the bottom plate of the basket.
Background
The geotechnical centrifuge is indispensable scientific research equipment for development of geotechnical building industry, and particularly large-scale civil construction and water conservancy bridge construction mostly need to perform some early-stage model tests and the like by means of the geotechnical centrifuge. The geotechnical centrifuge uses a large motor to drive a hanging basket to move around a bearing in a circular manner, and uses centrifugal force to simulate supergravity. Along with the increase of the set acceleration G value of the centrifugal machine, the rotating speed of the centrifugal machine is continuously increased, and the upward swinging angle of the hanging basket is continuously increased.
At present, the acceleration value of a set centrifugal machine of most domestic geotechnical centrifugal machines is realized by the rotating speed of a set motor, and the real-time G value displayed on a display interface of an upper computer is also realized by a tachometer motor, so that the rotating speed of the motor is measured and then converted. In an ideal state, the rotating speed of the motor can reflect the relation of the acceleration G value of the centrifuge, but in a real situation, the gravity acceleration G of the earth exists at all times, and a certain friction coefficient exists between the hanging basket and the rotating arm, so that the rotating speed cannot be considered in a completely ideal situation. Moreover, the friction coefficient is continuously changed due to the changes of the temperature, the wind resistance and the positive pressure on the point-on-load swing arm bearing with the changes of the load over time, so that the acceleration G value of the centrifugal machine is unreliable to be reflected by the rotating speed of the motor alone. Because the inclined angles of the basket bottom plate under different centrifugal accelerations are different, the basket bottom plate cannot be completely vertical to the ground under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, the acceleration difference values of all the positions of the basket bottom plate cannot be completely the same, and accurate measurement of the basket bottom plate is a key factor for ensuring the accuracy of the test result of the geotechnical centrifuge.
Therefore, the invention provides a method for measuring the acceleration difference of different positions of a basket of a centrifuge, and the method can be used for measuring the acceleration difference of any position of the basket of the centrifuge and providing a reliable method for correcting and compensating the actual centrifugal acceleration at the bottom plate of the basket.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the technical scheme, the invention provides a device and a method for measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of a basket of a centrifuge.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device capable of measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of a basket of a centrifuge is characterized in that a testing device is fixedly arranged on a bottom panel of the basket of the centrifuge and comprises a device shell bracket, a bottom pipeline, 9 measuring tubes, a pore pressure sensor and a camera, wherein the bottom pipeline, the 9 measuring tubes, the pore pressure sensor and the camera are arranged in the device shell; the measuring tubes are filled with liquid and used for measuring liquid level heights at different positions of the bottom of a basket of the centrifuge, and the liquid in the 9 measuring tubes are communicated with each other through a bottom pipeline; the measuring tube is transparent and is carved with measuring tube scale marks; the pore pressure sensor is arranged at the bottom of the measuring tube and can measure the pore pressure at the position; the camera is used for shooting the liquid level height in the measuring pipe.
In the above technical solution, further, the housing support is a light support made of 7075 aluminum alloy; the pipelines of the bottom pipeline are arranged along the bottom panel in a shape like a Chinese character 'tian'; the 9 measuring tubes are arranged in 3 rows of 3, each, evenly arranged at different positions of the centrifuge basket.
A method for measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of a basket of a centrifuge is realized based on the device, a testing device is fixedly placed on a bottom panel of the basket of the centrifuge, pore water pressure and liquid level height of different positions at the bottom of the basket of the centrifuge are measured through the testing device, and the acceleration difference value delta G of each position of a bottom plate of the basket can be obtained by combining liquid density rhon，
A method for measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of a basket of a centrifuge comprises the following specific steps:
1) firstly, placing a testing device on a basket of a centrifuge, starting the centrifuge to accelerate to a specified rotating speed, and keeping the centrifuge stable;
2) acquiring pore pressure values at different positions through a pore pressure sensor, and acquiring a liquid level height value at the position at the same time;
3) the liquid level of the (n-1) th measuring tube is taken as a reference point and is hn-1Pore water pressure Pn-1(ii) a The nth measuring tube is used as a point to be measured, and the liquid level h of the nth measuring tube isnPore water pressure PnLiquid density ρ, the difference Δ G between the actual accelerations of these two pointsnThe calculation method of (2) is as follows;
Pn＝ρgnhn Pn-1＝ρgn-1hn-1therefore, the method comprises the following steps:
therefore, the acceleration of the basket bottom plate can be calculatedDifference Δ Gn。
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a device and a method for measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of a basket of a centrifuge. Usually, the actual acceleration of each position is firstly measured and calculated when the acceleration difference of different positions is calculated, the invention analyzes the stress, deduces a formula, and obtains the acceleration difference delta G of each position of the hanging basket bottom plate by combining the liquid density rho according to the pore water pressure and the liquid level height of different positionsn。
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the testing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the testing device of the present invention;
the stress analysis of the model of FIG. 4 is carried out under the condition of hypergravity;
the device comprises a centrifuge basket (1), a testing device (2), a bottom panel (3), a pore pressure sensor (4), a camera (5), a device shell support (6), a bottom pipeline (7), a measuring pipe (8) and measuring pipe scale marks (9).
Detailed Description
A device capable of measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of a basket of a centrifuge is characterized in that a testing device 2 is fixedly arranged on a bottom panel 3 of the basket 1 of the centrifuge, and the testing device 2 comprises a device shell support 6, a bottom pipeline 7 arranged in the device shell 6, 9 measuring pipes 8, a pore pressure sensor 4 and a camera 5; the measuring tubes 8 are filled with liquid and used for measuring the liquid level heights of different positions at the bottom of the centrifuge basket 1, and the liquid in the 9 measuring tubes 8 are communicated with each other through a bottom pipeline 7; the measuring tube 8 is transparent and is engraved with measuring tube scale lines 9; the pore pressure sensor 4 is arranged at the bottom of the measuring pipe 9 and can measure the pore pressure at the position; the camera 5 is used to photograph the liquid level in the measuring tube 8.
The shell bracket 6 is a light supporting bracket and is made of 7075 aluminum alloy; the bottom pipeline 7 is arranged along the bottom panel 3 in a shape like a Chinese character 'tian'; the 9 measuring tubes 8 are arranged in 3 rows of 3 each, evenly arranged at different positions in the centrifuge basket 1.
A method for measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of a basket of a centrifuge is realized based on the device, a testing device 2 is fixedly arranged on a bottom panel 3 of the basket 1 of the centrifuge, pore water pressure and liquid level height of different positions at the bottom of the basket 1 of the centrifuge are measured through the testing device 2, actual acceleration of the position is further measured, and an acceleration difference value delta G can be obtained by combining liquid density rho according to the obtained pore water pressure and liquid level height of different positionsn。
Analyzing the stress of different positions, and deducing a formula to find that: according to the pore water pressure and the liquid level height at different positions, the acceleration difference value delta G of each position of the hanging basket bottom plate can be obtained by combining the liquid density rhon，
A method for measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of a basket of a centrifuge comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, placing a testing device 2 on a centrifuge basket 1, starting the centrifuge to accelerate to a specified rotating speed, and keeping the centrifuge stable;
2) acquiring pore pressure values at different positions through a pore pressure sensor 4, and acquiring liquid level height values at the positions;
3) the liquid level of the (n-1) th measuring tube is taken as a reference point and is hn-1Pore water pressure Pn-1(ii) a The nth measuring tube is used as a point to be measured, and the liquid level h of the nth measuring tube isnPore water pressure PnLiquid density ρ, the difference Δ G between the actual accelerations of these two pointsnThe calculation method of (2) is as follows:
the force analysis of the model in the hypergravity state is shown in FIG. 4, where PnIs a monitoring parameter of a pore water pressure sensor inside a model point to be measured hnIs the height of the liquid level of the point to be measured, and rho is waterDensity, consisting of:
Pn＝ρgnhn
Pn-1＝ρgn-1hn-1
therefore, the method comprises the following steps:
therefore, the acceleration difference deltaG of the basket bottom plate can be calculatedn。
Claims (3)
1. A device capable of measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of a basket of a centrifuge is characterized in that a testing device (2) is fixedly arranged on a bottom panel (3) of the basket (1) of the centrifuge, and the testing device (2) comprises a device shell support (6), and a bottom pipeline (7), 9 measuring pipes (8), a pore pressure sensor (4) and a camera (5) which are arranged in the device shell support (6); the measuring tubes (8) are filled with liquid and used for measuring the liquid level heights of different positions at the bottom of the centrifuge basket (1), and the liquid in the 9 measuring tubes (8) are communicated with each other through a bottom pipeline (7); the measuring tube (8) is transparent and is engraved with measuring tube scale marks (9); the pore pressure sensor (4) is arranged at the bottom of the measuring pipe (9) and can measure the pore pressure at the position; the camera (5) is used for shooting the liquid level height in the measuring pipe (8);
the device shell bracket (6) is a light supporting bracket and is made of 7075 aluminum alloy; the bottom pipeline (7) is arranged along the bottom panel (3) in a shape like Chinese character 'tian'; the 9 measuring tubes (8) are arranged in 3 rows of 3, each row being arranged evenly at different positions of the centrifuge basket (1).
2. A method for measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of a basket of a centrifuge is characterized in that the method is realized based on the device of claim 1, a testing device (2) is fixedly arranged on a bottom panel (3) of the basket (1) of the centrifuge, pore water pressure and liquid level height of different positions at the bottom of the basket (1) of the centrifuge are measured through the testing device (2), and the basket can be obtained by combining liquid density rhoAcceleration difference Δ G of the base platen，
3. The method for measuring acceleration difference of different positions of a centrifuge basket according to claim 2, characterized by the following steps:
1) firstly, placing a testing device (2) on a centrifuge basket (1), starting the centrifuge to accelerate to a specified rotating speed, and keeping the centrifuge stable;
2) pore pressure values at different positions are obtained through a pore pressure sensor (4), and meanwhile, liquid level height values are obtained;
3) the liquid level of the (n-1) th measuring tube is taken as a reference point and is hn-1Pore water pressure Pn-1(ii) a The nth measuring tube is used as a point to be measured, and the liquid level h of the nth measuring tube isnPore water pressure PnLiquid density ρ, the difference Δ G between the actual accelerations of these two pointsnThe calculation method of (2) is as follows;
Pn＝ρgnhn
Pn-1＝ρgn-1hn-1
therefore, the method comprises the following steps:
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| CN202110266926.5A CN113009180B (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Device and method capable of measuring acceleration difference values of different positions of basket of centrifugal machine |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2241539A1 (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-01-18 | Wallace Wong-Fong Leung | Method and apparatus for controlling vertical and horizontal basket centrifuges |
| JP2015001437A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2015-01-05 | 横河電子機器株式会社 | Hydraulic water level gauge |
| CN204462415U (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-07-08 | 北京建筑大学 | A kind of device utilizing hydrostatic pressure to measure acceleration of gravity |
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- 2021-03-11 CN CN202110266926.5A patent/CN113009180B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2241539A1 (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-01-18 | Wallace Wong-Fong Leung | Method and apparatus for controlling vertical and horizontal basket centrifuges |
| JP2015001437A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2015-01-05 | 横河電子機器株式会社 | Hydraulic water level gauge |
| CN204462415U (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-07-08 | 北京建筑大学 | A kind of device utilizing hydrostatic pressure to measure acceleration of gravity |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 土工离心模型试验技术若干关键问题研究;王海;《中国博士学位论文全文数据库工程科技II辑》;20200115(第01期);正文第37-39页，附图2-1(b) * |
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