CN113008572B - Loudness area map generation system and method for evaluating noise in N-type automobiles - Google Patents
Loudness area map generation system and method for evaluating noise in N-type automobiles Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of automobile noise vibration comfort research, in particular to a loudness area map generation system and method for evaluating noise in N types of automobiles. The invention discloses a loudness area map generation method for evaluating noise in N types of automobiles, which comprises the following steps: 1: counting the use probability of each preset speed working condition in the N types of automobiles and the use probability of each preset engine speed working condition in the N types of automobiles; 2: collecting corresponding in-car noise signals of N types of cars under each preset speed working condition and each preset engine speed working condition; 3: calculating a noise sound value under each preset vehicle speed working condition and each preset engine rotating speed working condition according to the noise signals in the vehicle; 4: generating a loudness area map; the invention can comprehensively consider all possible working conditions of the user and is used for comprehensively and comprehensively evaluating the noise in the vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile noise vibration comfort research, in particular to a loudness area map generation system and method for evaluating noise in N types of automobiles.
Background
At present, noise evaluation tests are carried out under single working conditions (such as idling working conditions, fixed-speed and fixed-speed working conditions and the like), but because a driver can use multiple speeds and multiple engine speed working conditions in the driving process, the noise evaluation tests carried out under the single working conditions cannot comprehensively evaluate the noise conditions in the automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a loudness area map generation system and method for evaluating N-class vehicle interior noise, which can comprehensively consider all possible working conditions of a user for comprehensive evaluation of the vehicle interior noise.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a loudness area map generating method for evaluating noise in N-class automobiles, comprising:
s1: counting the use probability of each preset speed working condition in the N types of automobiles and the use probability of each preset engine speed working condition in the N types of automobiles;
s2: collecting corresponding in-car noise signals of N types of cars under each preset speed working condition and each preset engine speed working condition;
s3: calculating a noise sound value under each preset vehicle speed working condition and each preset engine rotating speed working condition according to the noise signals in the vehicle;
s4: generating a loudness area map:
firstly, forming a driving probability and loudness scatter diagram of each preset vehicle speed working condition by taking the use probability of each preset vehicle speed working condition as an abscissa and taking the noise loudness value of each preset vehicle speed working condition as an ordinate;
forming a driving probability and loudness scatter diagram of the engine rotating speed working condition by taking a negative value of the use probability of each preset engine rotating speed working condition as an abscissa and taking a noise value of each preset engine rotating speed working condition as an ordinate;
then, combining the driving probability and loudness scatter diagram under the vehicle speed working condition and the driving probability and loudness scatter diagram under the engine rotating speed working condition to obtain a comprehensive driving probability and loudness scatter diagram;
and finally, connecting two adjacent scatter points in the comprehensive driving probability and loudness scatter diagram by using line segments to obtain a closed polygonal area, dividing the closed polygonal area into a noisy polygonal area positioned above the critical loudness value and an acceptable polygonal area positioned below the critical loudness value by taking the critical loudness value as a boundary, and respectively calculating the areas of the two polygonal areas to obtain a loudness area diagram for evaluating the noise in the N types of automobiles.
As a preferred scheme, in the step S1, the preset vehicle speed working conditions of the N-type vehicles are respectively 30km/h, 50km/h, 80km/h and 100km/h; the use probabilities of the preset vehicle speed working conditions are respectively 15%, 40%, 15% and 5%; the preset engine rotating speed working conditions are 1500rpm, 2000rpm, 2500rpm and 3000rpm respectively; the use probabilities of the preset engine speed working conditions are respectively 40%, 25%, 10% and 5%.
Preferably, in the step S2, a data acquisition module is arranged in the N types of automobiles; the data acquisition module comprises a vehicle speed acquisition instrument, an engine rotating speed acquisition instrument and a sound data acquisition instrument; the sound data acquisition instrument is arranged on a headrest of a driver seat and is positioned at the right ear side of the driver, the vehicle speed acquisition instrument is used for acquiring vehicle speed signals, the engine rotating speed acquisition instrument is used for acquiring engine rotating speed signals, and the sound data acquisition instrument is used for recording noise signals in the N types of vehicles under each preset vehicle speed working condition and each preset engine rotating speed working condition.
As a preferred scheme, in the step S3, a loudness value calculation module is used to calculate noise sound values of N types of automobiles under each preset vehicle speed condition and each preset engine speed condition;
the loudness calculation module comprises the following calculation processes:
in the formulas (1) and (2), N' is the noise loudness value of the critical frequency band, K 1 The result is calculated as a constant 0.0635,e 1 Taking the index as 0.25 HS Is a static threshold value, L E To correct for the sound pressure level, Z is the number of critical bands and N is the noise figure value.
A loudness area map generation system for evaluating noise in N types of automobiles is characterized by comprising a driving condition data module, a data acquisition module, a loudness value calculation module and a loudness area map generation module;
the driving condition data module comprises the probability of using N types of automobile drivers under preset automobile speed conditions and each preset automobile speed condition, and the probability of using the preset engine speed conditions and each preset engine speed condition;
the data acquisition module comprises a sound data acquisition instrument, a vehicle speed acquisition instrument and an engine rotating speed acquisition instrument; the vehicle speed data acquisition instrument acquires vehicle speed data in real time, the engine rotating speed data acquisition instrument acquires engine rotating speed data in real time, and the sound data acquisition instrument acquires an in-vehicle noise signal and extracts the in-vehicle noise signal corresponding to the preset vehicle speed working condition and the in-vehicle noise signal corresponding to the preset engine rotating speed working condition in the driving working condition data module;
the signal input end of the loudness value calculating module is connected with the data acquisition module, and the loudness value calculating module calculates a noise sound value under the working condition of a preset vehicle speed and a noise sound value under the working condition of a preset engine rotating speed;
the signal input end of the loudness area map generation module is respectively connected with the driving condition data module and the loudness value calculation module, and the loudness area map generation module outputs a loudness area map;
the loudness calculation module is characterized in that the calculation formula of the loudness calculation module is as follows:
in the formulas (1) and (2), N' is the noise loudness value of the critical frequency band, K 1 The result is 0.0635,e for constant calculation 1 Taking the index as 0.25 HS Is a static threshold value, L E For correcting the sound pressure level, Z is the number of critical frequency bands, and N is the noise value;
the process of generating the loudness area map by the loudness area map generating module is as follows:
firstly, forming a driving probability and loudness scatter diagram of each preset vehicle speed working condition by taking the use probability of each preset vehicle speed working condition as an abscissa and taking the noise loudness value of each preset vehicle speed working condition as an ordinate;
forming a driving probability and loudness scatter diagram of the engine rotating speed working condition by taking a negative value of the use probability of each preset engine rotating speed working condition as an abscissa and taking a noise value of each preset engine rotating speed working condition as an ordinate;
then, combining the driving probability and loudness scatter diagram under the vehicle speed working condition and the driving probability and loudness scatter diagram under the engine rotating speed working condition to obtain a comprehensive driving probability and loudness scatter diagram;
and finally, connecting two adjacent scatter points in the comprehensive driving probability and loudness scatter diagram by using line segments to obtain a closed polygonal area, dividing the closed polygonal area into a noisy polygonal area positioned above the critical loudness value and an acceptable polygonal area positioned below the critical loudness value by taking the critical loudness value as a boundary, and respectively calculating the areas of the two polygonal areas to obtain a loudness area diagram for evaluating the noise in the N types of automobiles.
As a preferred scheme, the preset speed conditions of N types of automobiles in the N type of automobile driving condition data module are respectively 30km/h, 50km/h, 80km/h and 100km/h; the use probabilities of all vehicle speed working conditions are respectively 15%, 40%, 15% and 5%; the preset working conditions of the engine rotating speed are respectively 1500rpm, 2000rpm, 2500rpm and 3000rpm; the probabilities of use for each engine speed condition correspond to 40%, 25%, 10%, and 5%, respectively.
Preferably, the sound data collector is an ICP type free field microphone.
As a preferred scheme, the value of the critical loudness value is 20 to 35sone.
The invention has the advantages that: the method comprises the steps of firstly, carrying out market investigation statistics on the driving habits of a driver, comprehensively considering all working conditions possibly used by the user, testing the noise sound values under all the working conditions, and enclosing a loudness area map by the noise sound values under each working condition and the driving occurrence probability under the working condition; the generated loudness area map can be used for comprehensively and comprehensively evaluating the noise in the vehicle.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a loudness area map obtained in the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a loudness area map generation system for evaluating noise in N-class automobiles according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention, which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
A loudness area map generation system for evaluating noise in N types of automobiles is characterized by comprising a driving condition data module, a data acquisition module, a loudness value calculation module and a loudness area map generation module.
The driving condition data module is recorded with N types of preset driving conditions of automobile drivers and probability statistical table data used in each type of driving conditions, and the statistical table data comprises the probability of using the N types of preset automobile speed conditions and each type of preset automobile speed conditions and the probability of using the preset engine speed conditions and each type of preset engine speed conditions shown in the table 1.
The data acquisition module comprises a sound data acquisition instrument, a vehicle speed acquisition instrument and an engine rotating speed acquisition instrument; the vehicle speed data are collected in real time by a vehicle speed collector, the engine rotating speed data are collected in real time by an engine rotating speed collector, noise signals in the vehicle are collected by a sound data collector, and an ICP type free field microphone is adopted by the sound data collector.
The signal input end of the loudness value calculation module is connected with the data acquisition module, and the loudness value calculation module calculates the noise sound value at each vehicle speed and the noise sound value at each engine speed in the driving process; extracting a noise sound value under the working condition of a preset vehicle speed and a noise sound value under the working condition of a preset engine speed corresponding to the driving working condition data module;
the calculation formula of the loudness calculation module is as follows:
in the formulas (1) and (2), N' is the noise loudness value of the critical frequency band, K 1 The result is calculated as a constant 0.0635,e 1 The index is taken to be 0.25 HS Is a static threshold value, L E To correct for the sound pressure level, Z is the number of critical bands and N is the noise figure value.
The signal input end of the loudness area map generation module is respectively connected with the driving condition data module and the loudness value calculation module, the loudness area map generation module outputs a loudness area map, and the process of the loudness area map generation module for generating the loudness area map is as follows:
firstly, forming a driving probability and loudness scatter diagram of each preset vehicle speed working condition by taking the use probability of each preset vehicle speed working condition as an abscissa and taking the noise loudness value of each preset vehicle speed working condition as an ordinate;
secondly, forming a driving probability and loudness scatter diagram of the engine rotating speed working condition by taking a negative value of the use probability of each preset engine rotating speed working condition as an abscissa and taking a noise value of each preset engine rotating speed working condition as an ordinate;
then, combining the driving probability and loudness scatter diagram under the vehicle speed working condition and the driving probability and loudness scatter diagram under the engine speed working condition to obtain a driving probability and loudness scatter diagram;
and finally, connecting the driving probability with two adjacent scatters in the loudness scattergram by using a line segment to obtain a closed polygonal area, dividing the closed polygonal area into a noisy polygonal area positioned above a critical loudness value and an acceptable polygonal area positioned below the critical loudness value by taking the critical loudness value as a boundary, and respectively calculating the areas of the two polygonal areas to obtain the loudness area map for evaluating the noise in the N types of automobiles, wherein the value of the critical loudness value is 35sone.
The loudness area map generation method for evaluating the noise in the automobile is realized through the system, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: counting N types of preset driving conditions of automobile drivers and a probability statistical table used by each preset driving condition, and recording data of the statistical table into a driving condition data module;
the driving habits of drivers are researched by the market, the service time of each vehicle speed and engine speed section is accurately recorded, and a probability statistical table of N types of preset driving working conditions of the automobile drivers and the use of each working condition shown in table 1 is obtained through statistics, wherein the statistical table comprises the preset vehicle speed working conditions (the sum of the use probabilities of the selected working conditions is greater than 80%) of the N types of the automobile drivers and the use probability of each preset vehicle speed working condition, and the preset engine speed working conditions (the sum of the use probabilities of the selected working conditions is greater than 80%) and the use probability of each preset engine speed working condition.
TABLE 1 statistical table of driving habits
S2: collecting noise signals in a vehicle
An ICP type free field microphone, a vehicle speed acquisition instrument and an engine rotating speed acquisition instrument are arranged in the test vehicle, and the ICP type free field microphone is arranged at the position of the right ear of a driver on a headrest of a driver seat. The state of the vehicle is checked before the test, the vehicle meets the test requirements and then the test is started, and the noise signals in the vehicle at the vehicle speeds of 30km/h, 50km/h, 80km/h and 100km/h and the noise signals in the vehicle at the vehicle speeds of 1500rpm, 2000rpm, 2500rpm and 3000rpm are recorded by utilizing an ICP type free field microphone.
S3: calculation of noise loudness values
Calculating by using a loudness value calculation module to obtain the loudness values of the noise in the car at the speeds of 30km/h, 50km/h, 80km/h and 100km/h and the loudness values of the noise in the car at 1500rpm, 2000rpm, 2500rpm and 3000rpm; the specific calculation formula is as follows:
in the formulas (1) and (2), N' is the noise loudness value of the critical frequency band, K 1 The result is calculated as a constant 0.0635,e 1 Taking the index as 0.25 HS Is a static threshold value, L E To correct for the sound pressure level, Z is the number of critical bands and N is the noise figure value.
S4: generating a loudness area map:
with reference to fig. 1, firstly, a driving probability and loudness scatter diagram of each vehicle speed working condition is formed by taking the use probability of each preset vehicle speed working condition as an abscissa and taking the noise loudness value of each preset vehicle speed working condition as an ordinate;
secondly, forming a driving probability and loudness scatter diagram of the engine rotating speed working condition by taking a negative value of the use probability of each preset engine rotating speed working condition as an abscissa and taking a noise value of each preset engine rotating speed working condition as an ordinate;
then, combining the driving probability and loudness scatter diagram of the vehicle speed working condition and the driving probability and loudness scatter diagram of the engine speed working condition to obtain a driving probability and loudness scatter diagram;
and finally, connecting the driving probability with two adjacent scatter points in the loudness scatter diagram by using a line segment to obtain a closed polygonal area, dividing the closed polygonal area into a noisy polygonal area positioned above the critical loudness value and an acceptable polygonal area positioned below the critical loudness value by taking the critical loudness value as a boundary, and obtaining the loudness area diagram for evaluating the noise in the N types of automobiles as shown in the figure 1, wherein the value of the critical loudness value is 35sone.
And scoring the noise in the automobile according to the loudness area chart obtained according to the embodiment, and further evaluating the noise in the N types of automobiles.
And calculating the ratio X of the area of the acceptable polygonal area to the area of the very noisy polygonal area, scoring the ratio to obtain a score value of the noise in the automobile according to the table 2, wherein the setting criterion of the idle coefficient is shown in the table 2, and judging whether the noise performance of the automobile needs to be improved or not according to the score value.
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
| Final score | Determination |
| ≤2.0 | Are not acceptable and must be improved |
| 2.5 | Unacceptable, needs improvement |
| 3.0 | It is acceptable that there is room for improvement |
| 3.5 | Is satisfactory and can be improved |
| 4.0 | Is more satisfactory and has less improvement space |
| 4.5～5.0 | Is very satisfactory and does not need to be improved |
As can be seen from fig. 1, it is acceptable that the ratio X of the area of the polygonal area to the area of the very noisy polygonal area is 57, the area ratio score is 2.5, the noise sound value under idle condition is 21sone, and the idle coefficient value is-0.5, so the final score is 2.0, and the evaluation that must be improved is obtained according to table 3.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express one embodiment of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A loudness area map generation method for evaluating noise in N types of automobiles is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: counting the use probability of each preset speed working condition in the N types of automobiles and the use probability of each preset engine speed working condition in the N types of automobiles;
s2: collecting corresponding in-car noise signals of N types of cars under each preset speed working condition and each preset engine speed working condition;
s3: calculating a noise sound value under each preset vehicle speed working condition and each preset engine rotating speed working condition according to the noise signals in the vehicle;
s4: generating a loudness area map:
firstly, forming a driving probability and loudness scatter diagram of each preset vehicle speed working condition by taking the use probability of each preset vehicle speed working condition as an abscissa and taking the noise loudness value of each preset vehicle speed working condition as an ordinate;
forming a driving probability and loudness scatter diagram of the engine rotating speed working condition by taking a negative value of the use probability of each preset engine rotating speed working condition as an abscissa and taking a noise value of each preset engine rotating speed working condition as an ordinate;
then, combining the driving probability and loudness scatter diagram under the vehicle speed working condition and the driving probability and loudness scatter diagram under the engine rotating speed working condition to obtain a comprehensive driving probability and loudness scatter diagram;
and finally, connecting the comprehensive driving probability and two adjacent scatter points in the loudness scatter diagram by using line segments to obtain a closed polygonal area, dividing the closed polygonal area into a noisy polygonal area positioned above the critical loudness value and an acceptable polygonal area positioned below the critical loudness value by taking the critical loudness value as a boundary, and respectively calculating the areas of the two polygonal areas to obtain a loudness area diagram for evaluating the noise in the N types of automobiles.
2. The method for generating the loudness area map for evaluating the noise in the N types of automobiles according to the claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the preset speed working conditions of the N types of automobiles are respectively 30km/h, 50km/h, 80km/h and 100km/h; the use probabilities of the preset vehicle speed working conditions are respectively 15%, 40%, 15% and 5%; the preset working conditions of the engine rotating speed are respectively 1500rpm, 2000rpm, 2500rpm and 3000rpm; the use probabilities of the preset engine speed working conditions are respectively 40%, 25%, 10% and 5%.
3. The method for generating the loudness area map for evaluating the noise in the N types of automobiles according to claim 2, wherein in the step S2, a data acquisition module is arranged in the N types of automobiles; the data acquisition module comprises a vehicle speed acquisition instrument, an engine rotating speed acquisition instrument and a sound data acquisition instrument; the sound data acquisition instrument is arranged on a headrest of a driver seat and is positioned at the right ear side of the driver, the vehicle speed acquisition instrument is used for acquiring vehicle speed signals, the engine rotating speed acquisition instrument is used for acquiring engine rotating speed signals, and the sound data acquisition instrument is used for recording noise signals in the N-type vehicles under each preset vehicle speed working condition and each preset engine rotating speed working condition.
4. The method for generating the loudness area map for evaluating the noise in the N types of automobiles according to the claim 3, wherein in the step S3, a loudness value calculating module is used for calculating the noise sound value of the N types of automobiles under each preset speed working condition and each preset engine speed working condition;
the loudness calculation module comprises the following calculation processes:
in the formulas (1) and (2), N' is the noise loudness value of the critical frequency band, K 1 The result is calculated as a constant 0.0635,e 1 Taking 0.2 as index5，L HS Is a static threshold value, L E To correct for the sound pressure level, Z is the number of critical bands and N is the noise figure value.
5. A loudness area map generation system for evaluating noise in N types of automobiles is characterized by comprising a driving condition data module, a data acquisition module, a loudness value calculation module and a loudness area map generation module;
the driving condition data module comprises the probability of using N types of automobile drivers under preset automobile speed conditions and each preset automobile speed condition, and the probability of using the preset engine speed conditions and each preset engine speed condition;
the data acquisition module comprises a sound data acquisition instrument, a vehicle speed acquisition instrument and an engine rotating speed acquisition instrument; the vehicle speed data acquisition instrument acquires vehicle speed data in real time, the engine rotating speed data acquisition instrument acquires engine rotating speed data in real time, and the sound data acquisition instrument acquires an in-vehicle noise signal and extracts the in-vehicle noise signal corresponding to the preset vehicle speed working condition and the in-vehicle noise signal corresponding to the preset engine rotating speed working condition in the driving working condition data module;
the signal input end of the loudness value calculating module is connected with the data acquisition module, and the loudness value calculating module calculates a noise sound value under the working condition of a preset vehicle speed and a noise sound value under the working condition of a preset engine rotating speed;
the signal input end of the loudness area map generation module is respectively connected with the driving condition data module and the loudness value calculation module, and the loudness area map generation module outputs a loudness area map;
the loudness calculation module has the following calculation formula:
in the formulas (1) and (2), N' is the noise loudness value of the critical frequency band, K 1 The result is calculated as a constant 0.0635,e 1 Taking the index as 0.25 HS Is a static threshold value, L E For correcting the sound pressure level, Z is the number of critical frequency bands, and N is the noise value;
the process of generating the loudness area map by the loudness area map generating module is as follows:
firstly, forming a driving probability and loudness scatter diagram of each preset vehicle speed working condition by taking the use probability of each preset vehicle speed working condition as an abscissa and taking the noise loudness value of each preset vehicle speed working condition as an ordinate;
forming a driving probability and loudness scatter diagram of the engine rotating speed working condition by taking a negative value of the use probability of each preset engine rotating speed working condition as an abscissa and taking a noise value of each preset engine rotating speed working condition as an ordinate;
then, combining the driving probability and loudness scatter diagram under the vehicle speed working condition and the driving probability and loudness scatter diagram under the engine speed working condition to obtain a comprehensive driving probability and loudness scatter diagram;
and finally, connecting the comprehensive driving probability and two adjacent scatter points in the loudness scatter diagram by using line segments to obtain a closed polygonal area, dividing the closed polygonal area into a noisy polygonal area positioned above the critical loudness value and an acceptable polygonal area positioned below the critical loudness value by taking the critical loudness value as a boundary, and respectively calculating the areas of the two polygonal areas to obtain a loudness area diagram for evaluating the noise in the N types of automobiles.
6. The loudness area map generation system for evaluating noise in N types of automobiles according to claim 5, wherein preset speed conditions of the N types of automobiles in the N types of automobile driving condition data module are respectively 30km/h, 50km/h, 80km/h and 100km/h; the use probabilities of all vehicle speed working conditions are respectively 15%, 40%, 15% and 5%; the preset engine rotating speed working conditions are 1500rpm, 2000rpm, 2500rpm and 3000rpm respectively; the probabilities of use for each engine speed condition correspond to 40%, 25%, 10%, and 5%, respectively.
7. The system according to claim 5, wherein the sound data collector is an ICP type free-field microphone.
8. The loudness area map generation system for evaluating noise in a class-N automobile according to claim 5, characterized in that: the critical loudness value is 20 to 35 tones.
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