CN113006948B - Sustainable oxygen supply system and method for ATR engine - Google Patents
Sustainable oxygen supply system and method for ATR engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113006948B CN113006948B CN202110180990.1A CN202110180990A CN113006948B CN 113006948 B CN113006948 B CN 113006948B CN 202110180990 A CN202110180990 A CN 202110180990A CN 113006948 B CN113006948 B CN 113006948B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/04—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
- F02C7/14—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel
- F02C7/141—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel of working fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
- F02C7/222—Fuel flow conduits, e.g. manifolds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
- F02C7/232—Fuel valves; Draining valves or systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aircraft propulsion systems, and relates to a sustainable oxygen supply system and an oxygen supply method for an ATR engine. The ram air gas path is used for supplying oxygen to the ATR engine gas generator, the fuel supply liquid path is used for supplying fuel to the ATR engine and returning excessive fuel to the fuel heat exchange liquid path, and the fuel heat exchange liquid path is used for cooling the ram air gas path and the fuel supply to the ATR engine gas generator to realize energy gradient utilization and mainly comprises a two-stage heat exchanger, a temperature sensor and a flow control valve; the invention has higher maturity, the weight of the whole scheme is greatly reduced compared with the scheme of carrying combustion improver, the invention can be used as an alternative scheme of a scheme that an aircraft carries a large amount of combustion improver, the total weight of the aircraft is reduced, and long-time continuous oxygen supply can be realized in the aspect of the combustion improver.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aircraft propulsion systems, and particularly relates to a sustainable oxygen supply system and method for an ATR engine.
Background
In recent years, with the deep research of near space aircrafts, aerospace aircrafts and aerospace airplanes, the demand for power is a hot problem to be solved urgently. Under the condition of wide flight speed, the thrust requirement is difficult to meet by single power, and a power device obtained by combining the propulsion systems with performance advantages in different flight mission sections is a scheme with high feasibility. As a potential power source, ATR engines are a very promising solution for engineering applications. The ATR engine is a turbine-based combined cycle engine combining a turbojet engine and a rocket engine, has the characteristics of high specific impulse, high specific thrust, wide flight envelope and the like, and provides a good power choice for developing a near space high-speed reusable aircraft and a reusable aerospace transportation system.
As shown in fig. 1, the fuel gas generator inside the ATR engine is an independent rocket engine, and the fuel and the combustion improver (liquid oxygen) outside the ATR engine generate rich fuel gas in the fuel gas generator and drive the turbine to drive the compressor to compress air, and the compressed air and the rich fuel gas perform secondary combustion in the post-combustion chamber behind the turbine to generate thrust. However, when the ATR engine is installed on the near space aircraft and the aerospace aircraft, the combustion improver storage device and the matched air supply and control pipeline thereof need to be additionally installed, and the longer the flight mission time of the near space aircraft and the aerospace aircraft is, the larger the combustion improver amount needs to be carried, the larger the storage device is, the larger the weight is, the space of the aircraft is occupied, the weight of the aircraft is increased, and the waste of limited resources on the aircraft is caused. The aircraft carries a combustion improver oxygen supply mode, and the flight time and the flight range of the aircraft are severely limited. Therefore, a means for continuously supplying oxygen is needed to be developed, so that the fuel gas generator can continuously supply oxygen, and the problem that the near space aircraft and the aerospace aircraft carry over heavy combustion-supporting oxygen is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a sustainable oxygen supply scheme for an ATR engine gas generator by replacing pure oxygen with high-pressure air. The technical solution of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a sustainable oxygen supply system of an ATR engine is characterized by comprising a ram air supply gas circuit, a liquid fuel storage device, a fuel heat exchange liquid circuit, a fuel supply liquid circuit and an ATR engine gas generator; wherein the liquid fuel storage device is used for fuel storage;
one end of the ram air supply gas path is connected with an air source, the other end of the ram air supply gas path is connected with the ATR engine fuel gas generator, and the ram air supply gas path is used for supplying combustion-supporting oxygen to the fuel gas generator;
one end of the fuel heat exchange liquid path is connected with a fuel pump behind the liquid fuel storage device, and the other end of the fuel heat exchange liquid path is connected with the fuel generator of the ATR engine; the fuel heat exchange fluid path is used for cooling ram air and supplying fuel to a fuel generator of the ATR engine;
one end of the fuel supply liquid path is connected with a fuel pump behind the liquid fuel storage device, the other end of the fuel supply liquid path is connected with the super combustion chamber of the ATR engine, and the fuel supply liquid path is used for supplying fuel to the super combustion chamber of the ATR engine.
According to the gas flow direction, ram air feed gas circuit is last to include in proper order: the system comprises a first compressor 1, a first pressure sensor 2, an air side passage of a first heat exchanger 3, a second compressor 4, a second pressure sensor 5, an air side passage of a second heat exchanger 6, a first temperature sensor 7 and a first flow control valve 8; the air inlet end of the first air compressor 1 is connected with an air source, and the outlet of the first flow control valve 8 is connected with the ATR engine fuel gas generator.
According to the fuel flow direction, the fuel heat exchange liquid path sequentially comprises: a second flow rate control valve 11, fuel-side passages of the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 6, a second temperature sensor 12; the second flow control valve 11 is connected to a fuel pump after the liquid fuel storage device, and the second temperature sensor 12 is connected to the ATR engine gas generator.
The fuel supply path mainly includes a third flow rate control valve 13 in accordance with the fuel flow direction. And one end of the third flow control valve 13 is connected with a fuel pump behind the liquid fuel storage device, and the other end of the third flow control valve is connected with the super combustion chamber of the ATR engine.
The ATR engine sustainable oxygen supply scheme further comprises a fourth flow control valve 14; wherein the fourth flow control valve 14 is disposed on a newly-increased fuel liquid path connected between the fuel heat exchange liquid path and the fuel supply liquid path.
One end of the newly added fuel liquid path is connected with a fuel heat exchange liquid path between the second temperature sensor 12 and the fuel gas generator, and the other end of the newly added fuel liquid path is connected with a fuel supply liquid path between the third flow control valve 13 and the super combustion chamber of the ATR engine.
The oxygen supply method of the ATR engine sustainable oxygen supply system is characterized in that the ram air supply gas circuit supplies oxygen required by combustion to the ATR engine gas generator by introducing gas from a gas source, wherein a first gas compressor 1 and a second gas compressor 4 respectively perform two-stage compression on ram air; the first pressure sensor 2 and the second pressure sensor 5 respectively monitor the pressure of the compressed ram air of the two compressors; one side of the first heat exchanger 3 and one side of the second heat exchanger 6 are used for cooling the compressed ram air in sequence; the first temperature sensor 7 monitors the ram air temperature after the two-stage compression and cooling; the first flow control valve 8 controls the ram air supply flow.
The fuel heat exchange liquid path is used for carrying out heat exchange cooling on the air of the ram air supply gas path, the second flow control valve 11 is used for adjusting the flow of the fuel heat exchange liquid path, and the other sides of the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 6 are used for providing a path for the fuel to cool the ram air supply gas path; the second temperature sensor 12 monitors the temperature of the fuel heat exchange fluid path after flowing through the two-stage heat exchanger.
The fuel supply path supplies fuel from the liquid fuel reservoir 9 to the super combustor, wherein the third flow rate control valve 13 controls the flow rate of the fuel.
And the fuel heat exchange liquid path is communicated with the material supply liquid path through a fourth flow control valve 14, and when the flow of the fuel heat exchange liquid path is overlarge, the fuel is transmitted to the material supply liquid path through the fourth flow control valve 14 and is provided to the super-combustion chamber. According to the scheme, the parts with higher technical maturity are adopted, the weight of the whole scheme is greatly reduced compared with that of the scheme of carrying the combustion improver, the scheme can be used as an alternative scheme of a scheme that the aircraft carries a large amount of combustion improver, the total weight of the aircraft is reduced, and long-time continuous oxygen supply can be realized in the aspect of the combustion improver.
Drawings
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be better understood by the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a prior art feed scheme for an oxidizer and fuel in an ATR engine gas generator;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the gas and fuel flow paths of the ATR engine continuous oxygen supply system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of the ATR engine continuous oxygen supply system of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a sustainable oxygen supply scheme and an oxygen supply method for an ATR engine fuel gas generator by replacing pure oxygen with high-pressure air. The technical solution of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
According to the scheme of the invention, a liquid oxygen storage device and a liquid oxygen conveying pipeline of the original ATR engine fuel generator shown in figure 1 are eliminated, the ram air supply gas circuit shown in figure 2 is adopted to supply oxygen for replacing the ATR engine fuel generator, and a fuel supply liquid circuit of the original fuel generator is changed into the fuel heat exchange liquid circuit and the fuel supply liquid circuit.
As shown in fig. 2, one end of the ram air supply gas path is connected to an air source (atmosphere or engine compressed air) and the other end is connected to the ATR engine gas generator, and the ram air supply gas path is used for supplying combustion-supporting oxygen to the gas generator. One end of the fuel heat exchange liquid path is connected with a fuel pump behind the liquid fuel storage device, the other end of the fuel heat exchange liquid path is connected with the fuel generator of the ATR engine, and the fuel heat exchange liquid path is used for cooling ram air and supplying fuel to the fuel generator of the ATR engine. One end of the fuel supply liquid path is connected with a fuel pump behind the liquid fuel storage device, the other end of the fuel supply liquid path is connected with the super combustion chamber of the ATR engine, and the fuel supply liquid path is used for supplying fuel to the super combustion chamber of the ATR engine.
As shown in fig. 3, the ram air supply gas path sequentially includes a first compressor 1, a first pressure sensor 2, a first heat exchanger 3, a second compressor 4, a second pressure sensor 5, a second heat exchanger 6, a first temperature sensor 7, and a first flow control valve 8 in a flow direction. The first air compressor 1 and the second air compressor 4 respectively compress ram air in two stages; the first pressure sensor 2 and the second pressure sensor 5 respectively monitor the pressure of the compressed ram air of the two compressors; one side of the first heat exchanger 3 and one side of the second heat exchanger 6 are used for cooling the compressed ram air in sequence; the first temperature sensor 7 monitors the ram air temperature after the two-stage compression and cooling; the first flow control valve 8 controls the ram air supply flow. The air path leads air from the external environment or the engine, the introduced air is pressurized through the first air compressor 1, the pressurized ram air is cooled through the first heat exchanger 2, and the heat sink is used as fuel supplied to the fuel generator of the ATR engine. If the primary compressed and cooled ram air cannot meet the requirements of the fuel gas generator, the second compressor 4 is continuously adopted for pressurization, the pressurized air is cooled by the second heat exchanger 6, and the cooled air is conveyed to the ATR engine fuel gas generator to provide combustion supporting.
As shown in fig. 3, the fuel heat exchange liquid path sequentially includes a second flow control valve 11, a first heat exchanger 3, a second heat exchanger 6, and a second temperature sensor 12 according to a flow direction, wherein the second flow control valve 11 adjusts a flow rate of the fuel heat exchange liquid path, the other sides of the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 6 provide a passage for fuel, and the second temperature sensor 12 monitors a temperature of the fuel heat exchange liquid path after flowing through the two-stage heat exchangers. The fuel heat exchange liquid path controls the fuel flow through a second flow control valve 11, the fuel cools the ram air gas supply path through a first heat exchanger 3 and a second heat exchanger 6, a second temperature sensor 12 at the downstream of the second heat exchanger 6 monitors the temperature of the fuel heat exchange liquid path in real time, and then the fuel is supplied to the ATR engine gas generator.
As shown in fig. 3, the fuel supply path mainly includes a third flow rate control valve 13, and the third flow rate control valve 13 controls the fuel flow rate. The fuel supply liquid path supplies fuel to the ATR super combustor, and the third flow control valve 13 is used for controlling the flow supply amount of the ATR super combustor;
the ATR engine sustainable oxygen supply scheme may further comprise a fourth flow control valve 14, said fourth flow control valve 14 being provided on a fresh fuel supply line connected between said fuel heat exchange line and said fuel supply line. One end of the newly added fuel liquid path is connected with a fuel heat exchange liquid path between the second temperature sensor 12 and the dye finger generator, and the other end of the newly added fuel liquid path is connected with a fuel supply liquid path between the third flow control valve 13 and the super combustion chamber of the ATR engine. The fourth flow control valve 14 is communicated with the fuel heat exchange liquid path and the fuel supply liquid path, supplies fuel to the fuel supply liquid path from the fuel heat exchange liquid path, and supplies fuel to the super-combustion chamber of the ATR engine.
When the first pressure sensor 2 monitors that the downstream of the first air compressor 1 is too low or too high in the ram air supply gas path pressure, the working state of the first air compressor 1 is adjusted to ensure that the ram air supply gas path pressure is within a required pressure range.
When the second pressure sensor 5 monitors the downstream of the second air compressor 4 in real time and the pressure of the ram air supply air path is too low or too high, the states of the first air compressor 1 and the second air compressor 4 are adjusted in a matching mode, and the pressure of the ram air supply air path is guaranteed to be within a required pressure range.
When the first temperature sensor 7 measures that the ram air supply gas path is over-temperature, the second flow control valve 11 of the fuel heat exchange liquid path is adjusted to increase the fuel flow of the fuel heat exchange liquid path, enhance the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger and reduce the temperature of the ram air supply gas path.
When the second temperature sensor 12 measures that the fuel temperature of the fuel heat exchange liquid path is over-temperature, the second flow control valve 11 of the fuel heat exchange liquid path is adjusted to increase the fuel flow of the fuel heat exchange liquid path, and the fuel temperature of the fuel heat exchange liquid path is reduced by increasing the heat sink flow.
When the second flow control valve 12 measures the fuel flow rate of the fuel heat exchange liquid path to be excessive, the fourth flow control valve 14 is opened, the excessive flow rate is merged into the fuel supply liquid path, and the flow rate of the fuel supply liquid path is adjusted through the third flow control valve 13 so as to match the fuel supply amount of the super combustion chamber of the ATR engine.
On the basis of the traditional ATR engine, aiming at the problem that the traditional air supply mode in the fuel generator of the ATR engine is limited by weight and flight time, the invention provides a continuous oxygen supply scheme for replacing carried liquid oxygen by ram air, and realizes self-adaptive adjustment of the temperature of the ram air by fuel cooling, thereby overcoming the limitation of space weight and realizing recycling of part of heat energy.
While the technical content and the technical features of the specific embodiments of the invention have been disclosed, it is to be understood that various changes and modifications of the combinations of the features disclosed above and the features not explicitly shown herein can be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit of the invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto. The above description of embodiments is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A sustainable oxygen supply system of an ATR engine is characterized by comprising a ram air supply gas circuit, a liquid fuel storage device, a fuel heat exchange liquid circuit, a fuel supply liquid circuit and an ATR engine gas generator; wherein the liquid fuel storage device is for fuel storage;
one end of the ram air supply gas path is connected with the atmospheric environment or compressed air of the ram engine as a gas source, the other end of the ram air supply gas path is connected with the ATR engine gas generator, and the ram air supply gas path is used for supplying combustion-supporting oxygen to the gas generator;
one end of the fuel heat exchange liquid path is connected with a fuel pump behind the liquid fuel storage device, and the other end of the fuel heat exchange liquid path is connected with the fuel generator of the ATR engine; the fuel heat exchange fluid path is used for cooling ram air and supplying fuel to a fuel generator of the ATR engine;
one end of the fuel supply liquid path is connected with a fuel pump behind the liquid fuel storage device, the other end of the fuel supply liquid path is connected with the super combustion chamber of the ATR engine, and the fuel supply liquid path is used for supplying fuel to the super combustion chamber of the ATR engine;
according to the gas flow direction, ram-air feed gas circuit is last to include in proper order: the system comprises a first air compressor (1), a first pressure sensor (2), an air side passage of a first heat exchanger (3), a second air compressor (4), a second pressure sensor (5), an air side passage of a second heat exchanger (6), a first temperature sensor (7) and a first flow control valve (8); the air inlet end of the first air compressor (1) is connected with an air source, and the outlet of the first flow control valve (8) is connected with an ATR engine gas generator;
according to the fuel flow direction, the fuel heat exchange liquid path sequentially comprises: a second flow rate control valve (11), fuel-side passages of the first heat exchanger (3) and the second heat exchanger (6), and a second temperature sensor (12); the second flow control valve (11) is connected with a fuel pump behind the liquid fuel storage device, and the second temperature sensor (12) is connected with the ATR engine gas generator;
according to the fuel flow direction, the fuel supply liquid path mainly comprises a third flow control valve (13); one end of the third flow control valve (13) is connected with a fuel pump behind the liquid fuel storage device, and the other end of the third flow control valve is connected with the super combustion chamber of the ATR engine;
the ATR engine sustainable oxygen supply scheme further comprises a fourth flow control valve (14); the fourth flow control valve (14) is arranged on a newly added fuel liquid path connected between the fuel heat exchange liquid path and the fuel supply liquid path;
one end of the newly added fuel liquid path is connected with a fuel heat exchange liquid path between the second temperature sensor (12) and the fuel gas generator, and the other end of the newly added fuel liquid path is connected with a fuel supply liquid path between the third flow control valve (13) and the super combustion chamber of the ATR engine.
2. The oxygen supply method for the ATR engine sustainable oxygen supply system according to claim 1, wherein the ram air supply gas circuit supplies oxygen required for combustion to the ATR engine gas generator by introducing air from an air source, wherein the first compressor (1) and the second compressor (4) perform two-stage compression on ram air respectively; the first pressure sensor (2) and the second pressure sensor (5) respectively monitor the pressure of the compressed ram air of the two compressors; one sides of the first heat exchanger (3) and the second heat exchanger (6) respectively cool the compressed ram air in sequence; a first temperature sensor (7) monitors the ram air temperature after the two-stage compression and cooling; a first flow control valve (8) controls the ram air supply flow.
3. The oxygen supply method for the ATR engine sustainable oxygen supply system according to claim 2, wherein the fuel heat exchange liquid path exchanges heat and cools the ram air supply gas path air, the second flow control valve (11) regulates the flow of the fuel heat exchange liquid path, and the other side of the first heat exchanger (3) and the second heat exchanger (6) provides a passage for fuel to cool the ram air supply gas path; and a second temperature sensor (12) monitors the temperature of the fuel heat exchange liquid path after flowing through the two-stage heat exchanger.
4. The oxygen supply method of the ATR engine sustainable oxygen supply system according to claim 2, wherein the fuel supply line supplies fuel from the liquid fuel storage device (9) to the super combustor, and wherein the third flow control valve (13) controls the fuel flow rate.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the fuel heat exchange fluid path is in communication with the fuel supply fluid path via a fourth flow control valve (14), and wherein when the fuel heat exchange fluid path is flowing through the fourth flow control valve (14), fuel is delivered to the fuel supply fluid path via the fourth flow control valve (14) to the super combustor.
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| CN202110180990.1A CN113006948B (en) | 2021-02-09 | 2021-02-09 | Sustainable oxygen supply system and method for ATR engine |
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| CN202110180990.1A CN113006948B (en) | 2021-02-09 | 2021-02-09 | Sustainable oxygen supply system and method for ATR engine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5161365A (en) * | 1990-12-05 | 1992-11-10 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Endothermic fuel power generator and method |
| CN109139296B (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2020-01-24 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Rocket-based combined cycle engine |
| JP7250304B2 (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2023-04-03 | 国立大学法人室蘭工業大学 | Propellant for gas generator for turbine drive and method for producing the same |
| CN112096538A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hybrid multi-mode turbine stamping combined engine |
| CN112196692B (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-11-12 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Electrode combustible thrust continuously adjustable riches fires automatically controlled solid ramjet |
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