CN113005255A

CN113005255A - Top-blown smelting device capable of increasing stirring degree

Info

Publication number: CN113005255A
Application number: CN202110202611.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟国军; 滕松成; 胡涛
Original assignee: Zhejiang Friendship New Material Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Friendship New Material Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-23
Filing date: 2021-02-23
Publication date: 2021-06-22
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-23
Also published as: CN113005255B

Abstract

The invention discloses a top-blown smelting device capable of increasing the stirring degree, which enables a converter to swing in the top-blown process so as to improve the stirring degree of materials in the converter and eliminate a stirring dead zone. The key points of the technical scheme are as follows: the converter is rotationally connected with the support, a fireproof lining is arranged inside the converter, the top-blowing mechanism comprises an air inlet pipe and a top-blowing pipe, the air inlet pipe is arranged on the outer side of the furnace cover and is coaxially and fixedly connected with the furnace cover, the top-blowing pipe is arranged on the inner side of the furnace cover, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with the inside of the top-blowing pipe; the furnace cover and the top blowing mechanism can synchronously move along with the swinging of the converter, the pipeline control mechanism comprises an arc-shaped pipeline track, an air source pipeline and an air delivery conduit, the pipeline track is arranged right above the converter, the inner concave surface of the pipeline track faces the furnace cover, the air inlet pipe is in sliding connection with the inner side of the pipeline track, the air inlet pipe is connected with the air source pipeline through the air delivery conduit, and a follow-up structure which enables the air delivery conduit to synchronously move along with the air inlet pipe is further arranged inside the pipeline track.

Description

Top-blown smelting device capable of increasing stirring degree

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of metal smelting, in particular to a top-blown smelting device for increasing the stirring degree.

Background

Converter steelmaking (converter steelmaking) is a process for completing steelmaking in a converter by using molten iron, scrap steel and ferroalloy as main raw materials and relying on physical heat of molten iron and heat generated by chemical reaction among molten iron components without external energy, and is mainly used for producing carbon steel, alloy steel and smelting copper and nickel. The converter is divided into acid and alkaline according to the refractory material, and comprises top blowing, bottom blowing and side blowing according to the part of gas blown into the converter, and is divided into an air converter and an oxygen converter according to the gas type.

The top-blowing method is to insert an oxygen lance into the furnace from the top of the furnace, and to blow in oxygen (high-pressure oxygen stream with purity greater than 99%) to directly perform oxidation reaction with the high-temperature molten iron to remove impurities. The pure oxygen is used for replacing air, so that the defects that the steel becomes brittle due to the influence of nitrogen in the air and the heat is taken away when the nitrogen is discharged can be overcome. After most of sulfur and phosphorus are removed, when the components and the temperature of the molten steel reach the requirements, blowing is stopped, the spray gun is lifted, and steel is ready to be tapped. When tapping, the furnace body is inclined, molten steel is poured into a ladle from a tapping hole, and simultaneously, a deoxidizer is added for deoxidation and component adjustment.

The top-blown converter steelmaking method has the advantages of high smelting speed, more refined steel types, better quality, high factory building speed, low investment and the like. However, in the smelting process, because the materials are mostly deposited at the bottom of the converter and are difficult to stir and turn, only the part of the molten pool close to the surface can be fully contacted with the converting gas, a large dead zone exists, the reaction temperature of the molten pool is not uniform, so that the alloy elements in partial areas are excessively oxidized and lost, the desulphurization efficiency is poor, and the type and the quality of the smelted steel are limited to a certain extent.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a top-blown smelting device capable of increasing the stirring degree, which enables a converter to swing in the top-blown process so as to improve the stirring degree of materials in the converter and eliminate a stirring dead zone.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a top-blown smelting device capable of increasing the stirring degree comprises a converter, a converter cover, a support for supporting the converter, a driving mechanism for driving the converter to swing, a top-blown mechanism and a pipeline control mechanism, wherein the converter is rotatably connected with the support, a refractory lining is arranged in the converter, the top-blown mechanism comprises an air inlet pipe and a top-blown pipe, the air inlet pipe is arranged on the outer side of the converter cover and is coaxially and fixedly connected with the converter cover, the top-blown pipe is arranged on the inner side of the converter cover, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with the inside of the top-blown; the furnace cover and the top blowing mechanism can synchronously move along with the swinging of the converter, the pipeline control mechanism comprises an arc-shaped pipeline track, an air source pipeline and an air delivery conduit, the pipeline track is arranged right above the converter, the inner concave surface of the pipeline track faces the furnace cover, the air inlet pipe is in sliding connection with the inner side of the pipeline track, the air inlet pipe is connected with the air source pipeline through the air delivery conduit, and a follow-up structure which enables the air delivery conduit to synchronously move along with the air inlet pipe is further arranged inside the pipeline track.

Compared with the prior art, the top-blown smelting device adopting the technical scheme for increasing the stirring degree has the following beneficial effects:

the top blowing mechanism can make materials in the furnace overturn and mix in the converting process along with the swinging synchronous motion of the converter, the stirring degree of the materials is increased, and the stirring dead zone is avoided, so that the materials are fully contacted with converting gas, the reaction speed is accelerated, and the reaction degree is increased.

Secondly, make the gas circuit of converting system arrange more rationally through pipeline control mechanism for the pipeline of conveying gas can be along with the bell with certain route motion, avoid being damaged by the pipeline and take place winding and branch pipe, guarantee the unobstructed of gas delivery, reduce the probability that danger takes place.

Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises an arc-shaped sawtooth plate, a driving gear and a motor, the concave surface of the arc-shaped sawtooth plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the converter, a sawtooth surface is arranged on the convex surface of the arc-shaped sawtooth plate, the sawtooth surface is meshed with the driving gear, the motor is used for controlling the rotation of the driving gear, and the start, the stop and the left and right swinging of the converter can be controlled by controlling the working state of the motor.

Preferably, the gas transmission pipe is the hose, follow-up structure is including tow chain and restriction the track groove in tow chain movement path, tow chain tail end and pipeline track middle part fixed connection, the gas transmission pipe passes tow chain internal connection to intake pipe, both can prevent that gas transmission pipe self from taking place to twine or roll over the pipe, keeps orderly and unobstructed of gas circuit, can prevent again that gas transmission pipe breaks away from the pipeline track and exposes to the outside and is scalded by the higher furnace shaft of temperature, reduces dangerous probability of taking place.

Preferably, pipeline track inboard is equipped with the spout and can follows the pulley of spout motion, the intake pipe with pulley fixed connection, the tank bottom of spout leaves the passageway, the intake pipe tip passes the passageway is connected to gas transmission pipe, is favorable to the intake pipe to slide with specific route along the pipeline track, and can play the supporting role to the bell that is connecting the intake pipe, makes things convenient for opening and closing of bell.

Preferably, the orbital convex surface central point of pipeline puts and is connected with elevating system, and pipeline track concave surface middle part is equipped with and is used for the restriction the locking structure of bell activity when needs are opened or are closed the bell, can prevent through locking structure that the bell from sliding left or right to make bell and top-blown mechanism get into perpendicularly or break away from the shaft of a furnace, avoid the bell because of sideslipping and unable normal closing cap and uncap, also avoid top-blown mechanism touching furnace opening and damaged.

Preferably, the end part of the top blowing pipe is provided with a top blowing head, the central air hole of the top blowing head and a plurality of auxiliary air holes which are scattered to the periphery are arranged, during blowing, the central air hole and the auxiliary air holes can simultaneously blow out gas, and the auxiliary air holes can blow to the part, close to the edge, of the material in the furnace, so that the gas is more fully contacted with the material in the furnace.

The preferable top-blown tube is coated with a fireproof layer on the outer periphery, so that splashed high-temperature slag or molten materials can contact the top-blown tube when the converter swings left and right, and the fireproof layer can protect the top-blown tube from being burnt out.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the top-blown smelting apparatus of the present invention with increased stirring.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the fitting manner of the converter and the furnace cover in this embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the furnace lid and the top-blowing mechanism in this embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the top-blowing mechanism of this embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the top-blowing mechanism and the pipeline control mechanism in this embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the following structure in this embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving mechanism in this embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present embodiment.

Reference numerals: 1. a converter; 2. a furnace cover; 3. a support; 4. a drive mechanism; 40. an arc-shaped serrated plate; 41. a driving gear; 42. a motor; 5. a top-blowing mechanism; 50. an air inlet pipe; 51. top blowing pipes; 510. a top blowing head; 5100. a central air hole; 5101. a secondary air hole; 6. a pipeline control mechanism; 60. a pipeline track; 61. a gas source conduit; 62. a gas delivery conduit; 63. a follow-up structure; 630. a drag chain; 631. a track groove; 64. a lifting mechanism; 640. a hydraulic oil cylinder a; 65. a locking structure; 650. clamping a plate; 651. and a hydraulic oil cylinder b.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The top-blown smelting device capable of increasing the stirring degree as shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a converter 1, a converter cover 2, a support 3 for supporting the converter 1, a driving mechanism 4 for driving the converter 1 to swing, a top-blown mechanism 5 and a pipeline control mechanism 6, wherein the converter 1 is rotatably connected with the support 3, a refractory lining is arranged inside the converter 1, the refractory lining is made of high-purity magnesium dolomite bricks with good fire resistance and friction resistance, a furnace mouth of the converter 1 faces to the upper side in a natural state, the driving mechanism 4 can drive the converter 1 to swing left and right, the top-blown mechanism 5 is connected with the converter cover 2, the converter cover 2 and the top-blown mechanism 5 can synchronously move along with the swing of the converter 1, the pipeline control mechanism 6 is arranged above the converter cover 2, and the pipeline control mechanism 6 is used for limiting and guiding the moving path of a pipeline used for blowing.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the top blowing mechanism 5 includes an air inlet pipe 50 and a top blowing pipe 51, the air inlet pipe 50 is disposed on the outer side of the furnace cover 2 and is coaxially and fixedly connected with the furnace cover 2, the air inlet pipe 50 is made of the same metal material as the furnace cover 2, the air inlet pipe 50 and the outer side of the furnace cover 2 are integrally formed, the top blowing pipe 51 is disposed on the inner side of the furnace cover 2, the air inlet pipe 50 is communicated with the inside of the top blowing pipe 51, a top blowing head 510 is disposed at the end of the top blowing pipe 51, the top blowing head 510 includes a central air hole 5100 and five auxiliary air holes 5101 which are dispersed to the periphery, the five auxiliary air holes 5101 are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged around the central air hole 5100, an angle of 30 ° is formed between the axis of the auxiliary air holes 5101 and the axis of the top blowing pipe 51, during blowing, the central air hole 5100 and the five auxiliary air holes 5101 simultaneously blow.

The periphery of the top-blowing pipe 51 is coated with a refractory layer, the refractory layer is made of the same refractory material as the refractory lining, when the converter 1 swings left and right, splashed high-temperature slag or molten material may contact the top-blowing pipe 51, and the refractory layer can protect the top-blowing pipe 51 from being burnt out.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the pipeline control mechanism 6 includes an arc-shaped pipeline track 60, an air source pipeline 61 and a gas transmission conduit 62, the gas transmission conduit 62 is a flexible pipe, the pipeline track 60 is disposed right above the converter 1, an inner concave surface of the pipeline track 60 faces the furnace cover 2, an upper end of the air inlet pipe 50 is slidably connected with an inner side of the pipeline track 60, a sliding groove and a pulley capable of moving along the sliding groove are disposed on the inner side of the pipeline track 60, an upper end side wall of the air inlet pipe 50 is fixedly connected with the pulley, a channel is reserved at a bottom of the sliding groove, and an end portion of the air inlet pipe 50 penetrates through the channel.

The air source pipeline 61 extends outwards from the convex surface of the pipeline track 60 and is connected to an air source device, the air inlet pipe 50 is connected with the air source pipeline 61 through an air delivery pipe 62, a follow-up structure 63 enabling the air delivery pipe 62 to move synchronously with the air inlet pipe 50 is further arranged inside the pipeline track 60, the follow-up structure 63 comprises a drag chain 630 and a track groove 631 limiting the movement path of the drag chain 630, the tail end of the drag chain 630 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the pipeline track 60, the air delivery pipe 62 penetrates through the drag chain 630 and is connected to the air inlet pipe 50, when the converter 1 swings, the air inlet pipe 50 is driven and then the air delivery pipe 62 is driven to move synchronously, due to the limitation of the drag chain 630 on the air delivery pipe 62, the air delivery pipe 62 can only move back and forth in a specific path inside the pipeline track 60, the air delivery pipe 62 can be prevented from being wound or folded, the order and smooth of an air path can be kept, and the air delivery pipe 62 can be prevented, the danger occurrence probability is reduced.

The convex surface of the pipeline track 60 is connected with a lifting mechanism 64, the lifting mechanism 64 adopts a hydraulic oil cylinder a640, a piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the pipeline track 60, the middle part of the concave surface of the pipeline track 60 is provided with a locking structure 65 for limiting the furnace cover 2 to swing left and right, the locking structure 65 comprises a clamping plate 650 and a hydraulic oil cylinder b651, the clamping plate 650 is provided with a clamping groove for clamping the air inlet pipe 50, the clamping plate 650 is rotatably connected with the pipeline track 60, when the piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder b651 contracts, the clamping plate 650 is separated from the air inlet pipe 50, and at the; when the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder b651 stretches out, intake pipe 50 is blocked in the draw-in groove of cardboard 650, and intake pipe 50 unable horizontal hunting this moment, hydraulic cylinder a640 work makes bell 2 upwards mention this moment, makes bell 2 and top-blown mechanism 5 break away from the shaft of a furnace to carry out feeding or ejection of compact.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the driving mechanism 4 includes an arc-shaped sawtooth plate 40, a driving gear 41 and a motor 42, a concave surface of the arc-shaped sawtooth plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the converter 1, a convex surface of the arc-shaped sawtooth plate is provided with a sawtooth surface, the driving gear 41 is arranged below the converter 1, the motor 42 is used for controlling the rotation of the driving gear 41, the sawtooth surface can be meshed with the driving gear 41, and the start, stop, left and right swinging of the converter 1 can be controlled by controlling the working state of the motor 42.

The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a top-blown smelting device of increase stirring degree which characterized in that: comprises a converter (1), a furnace cover (2), a support (3) for supporting the converter (1), a driving mechanism (4) for driving the converter (1) to swing, a top blowing mechanism (5) and a pipeline control mechanism (6), wherein the converter (1) is rotationally connected with the support (3), a refractory lining is arranged inside the converter (1),

the top blowing mechanism (5) comprises an air inlet pipe (50) and a top blowing pipe (51), the air inlet pipe (50) is arranged on the outer side of the furnace cover (2) and is coaxially and fixedly connected with the furnace cover (2), the top blowing pipe (51) is arranged on the inner side of the furnace cover (2), and the air inlet pipe (50) is communicated with the interior of the top blowing pipe (51);

-the furnace cover (2) and the top-blowing mechanism (5) can synchronously move along with the swing of the converter (1), the pipeline control mechanism (6) comprises an arc-shaped pipeline track (60), an air source pipeline (61) and an air delivery pipe (62), the pipeline track (60) is arranged right above the converter (1), the inner concave surface of the pipeline track (60) faces the furnace cover (2), the air inlet pipe (50) is connected with the inner side of the pipeline track (60) in a sliding manner, the air inlet pipe (50) is connected with the air source pipeline (61) through the air delivery pipe (62), and a follow-up structure (63) enabling the air delivery pipe (62) to synchronously move along with the air inlet pipe (50) is further arranged inside the pipeline track (60).

2. The stirring-enhanced top-blown smelting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: actuating mechanism (4) including arc sawtooth board (40), driving gear (41) and motor (42), the concave surface of arc sawtooth version (40) with the bottom fixed connection of converter (1), the convex surface of arc sawtooth version (40) is equipped with the sawtooth surface, the sawtooth surface meshes with driving gear (41) mutually.

3. The stirring-enhanced top-blown smelting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the gas transmission pipe (62) is a hose, the follow-up structure (63) comprises a drag chain (630) and a track groove (631) for limiting the movement path of the drag chain (630), the tail end of the drag chain (630) is fixedly connected with the middle of the pipeline track (60), and the gas transmission pipe (62) penetrates through the interior of the drag chain (630) and is connected to the gas inlet pipe (50).

4. The stirring-enhanced top-blown smelting apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the pipeline track (60) inboard is equipped with the spout and can follows the pulley of spout motion, intake pipe (50) with pulley fixed connection, the tank bottom of spout leaves the passageway, intake pipe (50) tip passes the passageway is connected to the gas transmission pipe.

5. The stirring-enhanced top-blown smelting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the convex surface of the pipeline track (60) is connected with a lifting mechanism (64), and the middle part of the concave surface of the pipeline track (60) is provided with a locking structure (65) for limiting the movement of the furnace cover (2).

6. The stirring-enhanced top-blown smelting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the end part of the top blowing pipe (51) is provided with a top blowing head (510), and the top blowing head (510) comprises a central air hole (5100) and a plurality of auxiliary air holes (5101) which are scattered to the periphery.

7. The stirring-degree-increasing top-blown smelting apparatus according to claim 1 or 6, wherein: the periphery of the top blowing pipe (51) is coated with a fire-resistant layer.