CN113004104A - Low tower granulation process of fertilizer and granulation low tower thereof - Google Patents
Low tower granulation process of fertilizer and granulation low tower thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113004104A CN113004104A CN202110298278.1A CN202110298278A CN113004104A CN 113004104 A CN113004104 A CN 113004104A CN 202110298278 A CN202110298278 A CN 202110298278A CN 113004104 A CN113004104 A CN 113004104A
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- fertilizer
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 171
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 89
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/14—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic in rotating dishes or pans
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low tower granulation process of a fertilizer and a low tower granulation system thereof, wherein the low tower granulation system comprises a pulping device, a centrifugal granulation disc, a granulation tower and a material receiving mechanism; the pulping device heats the fertilizer raw material melt, conveys the melt to an atomizing granulation disc in a tower body of a granulation tower, the atomizing granulation disc rotates at a high speed under the drive of a motor, centrifugally throws out the melt at a high speed for atomization, and the melt atomized liquid drops thrown out centrifugally are cooled and solidified into small particles through free falling bodies in the tower body and fall into a material receiving mechanism at the bottom of the tower for collection; the invention utilizes the centrifugal granulation principle to produce fertilizer particles with the particle size of 0.5-2.5 mm; meanwhile, the problem of impurity blockage is solved by increasing the centrifugal granulation hole to be more than 6 mm; by enlarging the diameter of the granulation tower and reducing the height of the granulation tower, the product can be obtained with lower cost than a high-tower granulation mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer low-tower granulation, in particular to a low-tower granulation process of a fertilizer.
Background
Most of the fertilizer particles in the market at present are 1.00mm-4.75mm or 3.35mm-5.60mm in particle size, and with the development of various fertilization technologies, formula processes and fertilization facilities, the market demand for 0.5-2.5mm tiny particle fertilizers is increasing day by day. However, no special production process is available for producing such products, for example, the methods and systems for producing the compound fertilizer by [ CN ] high tower granulation and the fertilizer material-CN 108707000A ], the method for producing the urea-based compound fertilizer by [ CN ] high tower granulation-CN 102584395A, the method for producing the granular compound fertilizer by [ CN ] high tower granulation and the equipment-CN 1213001C ] high tower granulation technology are adopted for production, and the screen mesh in the high tower granulator is reduced from the aperture of 2-4 mm to the aperture of 1-2 mm, so that the small granular material can be produced, but the following problems can be caused: impurities such as infusible matters and the like exceeding the size of the sieve mesh in the raw material can block the sieve mesh or gather in the sieve mesh after the aperture of the sieve mesh is reduced, so that the cleaning is frequent, the infusible matters and the impurities comprise hard particles in the raw material, rust impurities in equipment and infusible matters generated in the pulping process, and various infusible matters can not be completely removed in the production; ② the tower height required by the production of fertilizer granules of 0.5-2.5mm is far lower than that required by the production of fertilizer granules of 1.00-4.75 mm or 3.35-5.60 mm, and is about 1/8-1/3, and the production of the product by using the original high tower system is extremely waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a low-tower small particle manufacturing process of a fertilizer, manufactures fertilizer particles with the particle size of 0.5-2.5mm by utilizing a centrifugal granulation principle, and solves the problem of impurity blockage by increasing the particle outlet to more than 6 mm; by reducing the height of the granulation tower, the product can be obtained at lower cost than a high-tower granulation mode.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a low tower granulation process for fertilizer, the process comprising the steps of:
s1: respectively adding a solid particle mixture raw material A, a raw material B and a raw material C into a primary tank, a secondary tank and a tertiary tank, melting into slurry under the action of high temperature of 120-170 ℃, dissolving and mixing step by step in sequence, and forming mixed slurry of the raw material A, the raw material B and the raw material C in the tertiary tank;
s4, opening a discharge valve of the three-stage groove to enable the mixed slurry of the raw material A, the raw material B and the raw material C which are fully mixed and melted to enter a granulator for granulation; the granulator is a low-tower centrifugal granulator, the centrifugal granulator comprises a granulating disc, slurry enters the granulating disc and moves towards the edge of the granulating disc under the action of centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation of the granulating disc, the slurry gradually extends into a thin film in the moving process, and when the slurry moves to the outermost edge of the granulating disc, the slurry is changed into fine liquid drops from the thin film under the action of centrifugal force and is thrown out of the granulating disc;
s2: the thrown liquid drops move in the granulation tower, the melting point of the liquid drops is 60-120 ℃, and the temperature of the liquid drops when the liquid drops are thrown is 90-160 ℃; the liquid drops moving in the granulation tower move downwards due to the action of outward speed and gravity, and the high-temperature liquid drops are cooled by air in the falling process; when the temperature of the liquid drops is cooled to be below the melting point, the liquid drops form fertilizer particles;
s5: the fertilizer particles are cooled and fall onto a material collector at the bottom of the granulation tower, and the material collector comprises an air distribution box, a fan and a dehumidification module, wherein the inner wall of the air distribution box is obliquely arranged; the air distribution box is used for collecting falling fertilizer particles, the inner wall of the air distribution box is provided with a plurality of air distribution holes, the outer wall of the air distribution box is provided with an air inlet hole, a cavity for connecting the air distribution holes and the air inlet hole is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall, and air is blown into the cavity through the air inlet hole and blown out from the air distribution holes after passing through the dehumidification module by the fan; the fertilizer particles falling to the inner wall of the air distribution box are in a fluidized state under the air blowing state of the air distribution holes and fall into the belt conveyor through the material receiving port at the lower end of the air distribution box for conveying.
Preferably, the granulation disc comprises a feed inlet, an upper granulation disc cover plate, a flow deflector and a lower granulation disc cover plate which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the size of centrifugal granulation holes formed by the flow deflectors is 6-40 mm, and the number of the centrifugal granulation holes is 8-64; the rotating speed of the granulating disc is 100-600 revolutions per minute, and the radius of the granulating disc is 200-500 mm; the height of the granulation tower is 5-60m, and the diameter of the granulation tower is 10-30 m; the included angle between the inner wall of the air distribution box and the horizontal plane is 5-45 degrees, the aperture of the air inlet is DN25-DN200mm, and the aperture of the air distribution hole is 1-5 mm; the distance between two adjacent air distribution holes is 50-250 mm; the particle size of the fertilizer particles is 0.5-2.5 mm.
Preferably, in the pulping process, the primary tank, the secondary tank and the tertiary tank are all provided with steam heating devices, and each steam heating device is provided with a temperature sensor and a steam inlet regulating valve for controlling the heating steam quantity; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the slurry is higher than the set temperature, the steam inlet regulating valve reduces the opening degree and reduces the amount of steam for heating, so that the temperature is reduced; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the slurry is lower than the set temperature, the steam inlet regulating valve increases the opening degree, the amount of steam for heating is increased, and the temperature is increased.
Preferably, in the material receiving process, a material discharging control device is arranged, the material discharging control device comprises a material level sensor and an opening regulating valve, and the material level sensor is arranged at the lower end of the granulation tower and used for detecting the material level height of fertilizer particles at the lower end of the granulation tower; the opening adjusting valve is connected with the material level sensor in an interlocking mode, and the opening adjusting valve adjusts the discharge amount of fertilizer particles according to the material level height detected by the material level sensor.
Preferably, the system also comprises a tail gas treatment device for collecting tail gas generated by each stage of the tanks; the tail gas treatment device comprises a dynamic wave washing tower, a dynamic wave washing tower circulating water pump, a draught fan, a washing tower circulating water pump and a chimney.
The invention also provides a small particle producing low tower of the fertilizer, which is applied to the small particle producing process of the low tower of the fertilizer, wherein the small particle producing system of the low tower comprises a pulping device, an atomizing granulation disc, a granulation tower and a material receiving mechanism; the granulating disc comprises an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate which are arranged at intervals up and down, an input port of fertilizer melt is arranged in the middle of the upper cover plate, and the input port is communicated with an interval space between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; the middle of the lower cover plate is in driving connection with an output shaft of a rotating motor and is used for controlling the granulation device to rotate around the central shaft;
the pulping preparation device comprises multistage tanks, solid raw materials are put in each stage tank, the solid raw materials put in the previous stage tank are heated and melted at high temperature to form liquid slurry, the liquid slurry overflows or is discharged into the next stage tank, the liquid slurry is mixed with the solid raw materials melted in the next stage tank, and the liquid slurry is sequentially melted and mixed step by step and then is conveyed into a granulation disc in a granulation tower;
the inner side surface of the lower cover plate in the space is provided with a flow guide table, the flow guide table is a rotational symmetric body around the central shaft, the surface of the flow guide table and the central shaft form an included angle alpha, and the included angle alpha is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 90 degrees;
the material receiving mechanism arranged at the bottom of the granulation tower comprises a fan, a dehumidification module and an air distribution box which are sequentially connected;
the air distribution box is of a funnel-shaped structure and is used for collecting fertilizer particles falling in the granulation tower; and after the fan blows air into the granulation tower through the air distribution box after the air passes through the dehumidification module, so that the fertilizer particles falling to the inner wall of the air distribution box are in a fluidized state under the air blowing state of the air distribution holes.
Preferably, the multistage groove comprises a primary groove, a secondary groove and a tertiary groove which are connected in sequence; the horizontal height of the secondary groove is lower than that of the primary groove; the horizontal height of the tertiary tank is lower than that of the secondary tank; the primary tank, the secondary tank and the tertiary tank comprise tank bodies, heating coils are arranged inside the tank bodies of the primary tank and the secondary tank, and a heating jacket is arranged outside each tank body; a steam inlet is formed in the upper part of the outer side wall of the tank body; a steam inlet adjusting valve is arranged at the steam inlet and used for adjusting the amount of heating steam; a slurry temperature sensor is arranged at the top of the tank body; the slurry temperature sensor is positioned at the upper part of the tank body, the detection end of the slurry temperature sensor extends into the slurry melted in the tank body, and the slurry temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the slurry after melting.
Preferably, the bottom of each tank body is provided with a discharge valve and a steam outlet, the discharge valve is positioned in the center of the bottom of the tank body, and the discharge valve of the upper-stage tank is connected with the top of the lower-stage tank and used for discharging slurry into the lower-stage tank; overflow ports communicated with the inside of the primary groove and the secondary groove are obliquely arranged on the side walls of the bottoms of the primary groove and the secondary groove; each inside all perpendicular agitating unit that is equipped with of cell body, agitating unit includes agitator and drive agitator pivoted agitator and rotates the motor.
Preferably, the slurry preparation device further comprises a slurry pump and a backwashing filter device, and the slurry backwashing filter device further comprises a backwashing filter body, a slurry inlet pneumatic valve, a slurry backflow pneumatic valve, a slurry outlet pneumatic valve, a backwashing steam inlet pneumatic valve and a deslagging pneumatic valve; the back-washing filter body comprises a filter shell, a slurry inlet and a slurry outlet are formed in the side wall of the filter shell, and a back-washing steam inlet and a slag discharge port are formed in the top and the bottom of the filter shell respectively; a filter screen is arranged in the filter shell and is of a pore plate type inverted cup-shaped structure.
Preferably, still include the tail gas processing apparatus who is connected with each cell body, tail gas processing apparatus includes power wave scrubbing tower, power wave scrubbing tower circulating water pump, draught fan, scrubbing tower circulating water pump and chimney.
Preferably, the outer side of the flow guide platform extends to the peripheral edge of the lower cover plate, and the height of the flow guide platform is gradually reduced from the central shaft to the outside; the surface of the flow guide table and the central shaft form an included angle alpha of 60 degrees;
a plurality of flow deflectors radially distributed around the middle part are arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and the mixed slurry is thrown out of the granulating disc along the flow deflectors under the action of centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation of the granulating disc, and is cooled and solidified into fertilizer particles through free falling in the tower body; and falls into a material receiving mechanism positioned at the bottom of the tower for collection;
the inner end of each guide vane close to the middle part extends to be close to the central shaft, the outer end of each guide vane far away from the middle part extends to the edge of the lower cover plate, a centrifugal channel communicated from the center to the outside of the edge is formed between every two adjacent guide vanes, and the outer port of the centrifugal channel is formed into a centrifugal granulation hole.
Preferably, the guide vanes comprise inner guide vanes and outer guide vanes; the inner flow deflectors are circumferentially and radially distributed around the middle, the inner ends of the inner flow deflectors extend to be close to the central shaft, and the outer ends of the inner flow deflectors extend in the direction far away from the central shaft; the outer flow deflectors are circumferentially distributed along the edge of the lower cover plate, the outer ends of the outer flow deflectors are close to the edge of the lower cover plate, and the inner ends of the outer flow deflectors extend towards the direction close to the middle;
the outer flow deflectors are positioned on the periphery of the inner flow deflectors, and the number of the outer flow deflectors is more than that of the inner flow deflectors; an inner centrifugal channel from inside to outside is formed between every two inner flow deflectors, an outer centrifugal channel is formed between every two outer flow deflectors, any inner centrifugal channel is communicated to the outer centrifugal channels, the outer port of each outer centrifugal channel is formed into a centrifugal granulation hole, and the aperture of each centrifugal granulation hole is 8 mm.
Preferably, the flow deflectors linearly extend outwards along the radial direction, and a plurality of flow deflectors are radially distributed among each other; or the flow deflectors extend outwards along an arc line in the same direction, and the plurality of flow deflectors are distributed in a spiral radial shape;
the normal section of the flow deflector along the extension direction is rectangular or C-shaped.
Preferably, the lower extreme is equipped with cooling device in the tower body, cooling device including set up in heat exchanger fin in the tower body, heat exchanger fin top has a plurality of striker plates that set up downwards in proper order, and every striker plate is 45-90 with the contained angle of horizontal direction.
Preferably, the upper end of the air distribution box is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the granulation tower, a plurality of air distribution holes are arranged on the funnel-shaped inner wall of the air distribution box, an air inlet hole is arranged on the outer wall of the air distribution box, and a cavity communicated with the air distribution holes and the air inlet hole is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the air distribution box;
the fan blows in wind into the cavity through the air inlet holes after passing through the dehumidification module, and blows out from the plurality of air distribution holes, and fertilizer particles falling to the inner wall of the air distribution box are in a fluidized state under the air blowing state of the air distribution holes.
Preferably, the lower end of the air distribution box is provided with a material receiving port, and the material receiving port is provided with an opening degree adjusting valve for adjusting the discharge amount of the fertilizer particles; a material level sensor is arranged at the lower end of the outer wall of the tower body, and a detection end of the material level sensor extends into the tower body and is used for detecting the material level height of fertilizer particles; the opening adjusting valve is connected with the material level sensor in an interlocking mode, and the opening adjusting valve adjusts the discharge amount of the fertilizer particles according to the material level height of the fertilizer particles detected by the material level sensor.
Preferably, the granulator further comprises a plurality of material receiving hoppers arranged at the bottom of the granulator, a first belt conveyor is correspondingly arranged below each material receiving hopper, and the plurality of belt conveyors are arranged in parallel; a second belt conveyor is arranged at a position close to the same end of each first belt conveyor; each receiving hopper collects falling fertilizer particles and conveys the fertilizer particles to a second belt conveyor through the corresponding first belt conveyor.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) making fertilizer granules of 0.5-2.5mm by using a centrifugal granulation principle; meanwhile, the particle outlet is enlarged to be more than 6mm, so that the impurities of the infusible matter are more easily thrown out, the material blockage is avoided, and the problem of impurity blockage is solved;
(2) the back-washing filtering device is arranged to realize the online impurity filtering of the slurry, and the impurities can be automatically discharged at regular intervals without being cleaned manually, so that the labor intensity of workers is reduced;
(3) the wind distribution box with a micro angle is adopted to replace a material receiving cone hopper, the whole height of the tower body can be reduced by 10-20m compared with the type of the material receiving cone hopper, and the construction cost of the tower body is saved by 1/10;
(4) the fluidization principle is adopted to replace the existing mechanical tower bottom material collector, so that no material accumulation is generated, no moving part is generated, and the maintenance amount is small.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a low tower granulation process of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of centrifugal granulation by a granulation tray according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the drop formation of fertilizer granules according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the overall construction of a pulp making apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a primary tank in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a secondary tank in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a triple tank of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a structural view of a filter housing of embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of a granulating pan according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a pelletizing disk of example 1 according to the invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a guide vane according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a tower body bottom material collecting mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a wind distribution box of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a structural view of a bottom-bottom material collecting mechanism in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a structural view of a bottom-bottom take-up mechanism in example 3 of the invention;
fig. 17 is a top view of the first belt conveyor and the second belt conveyor of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a guide vane according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of a guide vane according to embodiment 5 of the present invention;
fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of a guide vane according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;
fig. 21 is a schematic structural view of a guide vane according to embodiment 7 of the present invention;
the technical characteristics corresponding to the marks in the attached drawings are as follows:
1-a pulping device;
11-a primary tank; 111-primary tank body; 112-first order groove discharge valve; 113-first level tank slurry temperature sensor; 114-electric regulating valve of steam inlet of first-stage tank, 115-steam inlet of first-stage tank; 116-primary tank overflow port; 117-primary tank agitation device; 1171-first-stage tank agitator; 1172-a primary tank agitator drive motor; 118-primary tank steam outlet; 119-a first slurry pipe;
12-a secondary tank; 121-secondary tank body; 122-secondary tank discharge valve; 123-a secondary tank slurry temperature sensor; 124-electric regulating valve for steam inlet of secondary tank; 125-secondary tank steam inlet; 126-secondary tank overflow port; 127-a secondary tank stirring device; 1271-second tank stirrer; 1272-second tank stirrer drive motor; 128-secondary tank steam outlet; 129-a second slurry pipe;
13-a tertiary tank; 131-a third-stage groove body; 132-tertiary tank discharge valve; 133-third level tank slurry temperature sensor; 134-electric regulating valve for steam inlet of three-stage groove; 135-tertiary tank steam inlet; 136-tertiary tank steam inlet; 137-three-stage tank stirring device; 1371-a tertiary tank mixer; 1372-a three-stage tank agitator drive motor;
14-slurry pump;
15-slurry backwashing filter device; 151-slurry inlet pneumatic valves; 152-slurry return pneumatic valves; 153-backwash filter body, 531-slurry inlet; 532-a slurry outlet; 1533-backwash steam inlet; 1534-a slag discharge port; 1535-a filter housing; 1536-Filter screen; 154-slurry outlet pneumatic valve; 155-backwash steam inlet pneumatic valve; 56-slag discharge pneumatic valve;
16-a tail gas treatment device; 161-dynamic wave scrubber; 162-dynamic wave washing tower circulating water pump; 163-induced draft fan; 164-a scrubber; 165-washing tower circulating water pump; 166-chimney;
2-a tower body;
21-a granulating disc; 211-upper cover plate; 212-lower cover plate; 213-flow deflector, 2131-inner flow deflector, 2132-outer flow deflector; 214-feed inlet, 215-guide table, 216-centrifugal granulation hole;
22-a striker plate; 23-a level sensor; 24-a first belt conveyor;
25 a-water cooling means;
251 a-a water cooling tower; 252 a-a water pump; 253 a-electric control valve; 254 a-temperature sensor; 255 a-heat exchange fins;
25 b-air cooling means;
251 b-temperature sensor; 252 b-induced draft fan; 253 b-electric control valve; 254 b-heat exchanger fins;
261-air distributing box; 261 a-air inlet; 261 b-air distribution holes; 262-material receiving port; 263-roots blower; 264-a dehumidifier; 265-opening degree regulating valve;
27-a receiving hopper;
28-a cooling fan;
29-a second belt conveyor;
3-falling fertilizer granules;
4-fluidized fertilizer granules;
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a low tower granulation process for fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively adding a solid particle mixture raw material A, a raw material B and a raw material C into a primary tank 11, a secondary tank 12 and a tertiary tank 13, melting into slurry under the action of high temperature of 120-170 ℃, dissolving and mixing step by step in sequence, and forming mixed slurry of the raw material A, the raw material B and the raw material C in the tertiary tank 13; in the pulping process, steam heating devices are arranged on the primary tank 11, the secondary tank 12 and the tertiary tank 13, and each steam heating device is provided with a temperature sensor and a steam inlet regulating valve for controlling the heating steam quantity; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the slurry is higher than the set temperature, the steam inlet regulating valve reduces the opening degree and reduces the amount of steam for heating, so that the temperature is reduced; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the slurry is lower than the set temperature, the steam inlet regulating valve increases the opening degree, the amount of steam for heating is increased, and the temperature is increased.
S2, opening a discharge valve 132 gate of the third-stage groove to enable the mixed slurry of the raw material A, the raw material B and the raw material C which are fully mixed and melted to enter a granulator for granulation; the granulator is a low-tower centrifugal granulator, the centrifugal granulator comprises a granulating disc, and the granulating disc 21 comprises a feed inlet 214, an upper cover plate 211, a flow deflector 213 and a lower cover plate 212 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the size of a centrifugal granulation hole 216 formed by the flow deflector 213 is 6-40 mm; the number of the centrifugal granulation holes is 8-64; the rotating speed of the granulating disc 21 is 100-600 revolutions per minute, and the radius of the granulating disc 21 is 400 mm; the slurry enters the granulating disc 21, moves to the edge of the granulating disc 21 along the guide vane under the action of centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation of the granulating disc 21, gradually extends into a thin film in the movement process of the slurry, and is changed into fine liquid drops from the thin film under the action of the centrifugal force to be thrown out of the granulating disc 21 when the slurry moves to the most edge of the granulating disc 21;
s3: the thrown liquid drops move in a granulation tower, the height of the granulation tower is 5-60m, the diameter of the granulation tower is 10-30m, the melting point of the liquid drops is 60-120 ℃, and the temperature of the liquid drops when the liquid drops are thrown out is 90-160 ℃; the liquid drops moving in the granulation tower move downwards due to the action of outward speed and gravity, and the high-temperature liquid drops are cooled by air in the falling process; when the temperature of the liquid drops is cooled to be below the melting point, the liquid drops form fertilizer particles with the particle size of 0.5-2.5 mm;
s4: after being cooled, the fertilizer particles fall onto a material collector at the bottom of the granulation tower, wherein the material collector comprises a wind distribution box 261, a fan and a dehumidification module, and the inner wall of the wind distribution box is obliquely arranged; the air distribution box is used for collecting falling fertilizer particles, the inner wall of the air distribution box is provided with a plurality of air distribution holes, the outer wall of the air distribution box is provided with air inlet holes, a cavity for connecting the air distribution holes and the air inlet holes is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall, the included angle between the inner wall of the air distribution box and the horizontal plane is 5-45 degrees, and the aperture of the air distribution holes is 1-5 mm; the distance between two adjacent air distribution holes is 50-250 mm; the aperture of the air inlet hole is DN25-DN200mm, and the fan blows air into the cavity through the air inlet hole after passing through the dehumidification module and blows the air out from the air distribution holes; the fertilizer particles falling on the inner wall of the air distribution box are in a fluidized state under the condition of air blowing of the air distribution holes, fall into the first belt conveyor 24 through the material receiving port at the lower end of the air distribution box for conveying, and are packaged after the processes of screening, cooling, coating and the like to obtain a finished product.
In the material receiving process, a discharging control device is arranged, the discharging control device comprises a material level sensor 23 and an opening regulating valve 265, and the material level sensor 23 is arranged at the lower end of the granulation tower and is used for detecting the material level height of fertilizer particles at the lower end of the granulation tower; the aperture adjusting valve 265 is connected with the material level sensor 23 in an interlocking mode, and the aperture adjusting valve 265 adjusts the discharge amount of fertilizer particles according to the material level height detected by the material level sensor 23.
The device also comprises a tail gas treatment device 16 for collecting tail gas generated by each stage of tank; the tail gas treatment device 16 comprises a dynamic wave washing tower 161, a dynamic wave washing tower circulating water pump 162, an induced draft fan 163, a washing tower 164, a washing tower circulating water pump 165 and a chimney 166. The tail gas generated by each groove body is gathered together by an air pipe and enters the dynamic wave washing tower 161, and the dynamic wave washing tower adopts a two-stage series connection type, so that the dust removal efficiency is higher. The tail gas washed by the dynamic wave washing tower is conveyed to the washing tower through the induced draft fan for secondary washing, the tail gas after secondary washing is directly exhausted along the chimney 166, two-stage washing is carried out in a mode that the dynamic wave washing tower 161 and the washing tower 164 are connected in series, and the washing effect can be ensured to completely meet the increasingly severe environmental protection requirement.
Fertilizer particles with the particle size of 0.5-2.5mm are manufactured by the process; meanwhile, the particle outlet is enlarged to be more than 6mm, so that the impurities of the infusible matter are more easily thrown out, the material blockage is avoided, and the problem of impurity blockage is solved;
the invention also provides a low tower granulation system of small granular fertilizer as shown in fig. 4 to 14, which comprises a pulping device 1, an atomizing granulation disc 21, a tower body 2 and a material receiving mechanism; the pulping device heats the fertilizer raw material melt, conveys the melt to an atomizing granulation disc in a tower body of a granulation tower, the atomizing granulation disc rotates at a high speed under the drive of a motor, centrifugally throws out the melt at a high speed for atomization, and the melt atomized liquid drops thrown out centrifugally are cooled and solidified into small particles through free falling bodies in the tower body and fall into a material receiving mechanism at the bottom of the tower for collection;
as shown in fig. 4, the slurry preparation apparatus comprises a multistage tank, a slurry pump 14, a slurry backwashing filter apparatus 15 and a tail gas treatment apparatus 16; the multistage tanks are all connected with the tail gas treatment device 16 and used for sending the generated tail gas to the tail gas treatment device 6 for treatment.
As shown in fig. 4, the multistage tank includes a primary tank 11, a secondary tank 12, and a tertiary tank 13 connected in sequence; the level of the secondary tank 12 is lower than that of the primary tank 11; the level of the tertiary bath 13 is lower than the level of the secondary bath 12.
As shown in fig. 4, the three-stage tank 13, the slurry pump 4 and the slurry backwashing filter device 5 are connected in sequence;
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the primary tank 11 includes a primary tank body 11, the primary tank body 111 is a stainless steel closed container with a primary tank stirring device 117 inside, a primary tank heating coil (not shown in the drawings) is arranged inside the primary tank body 111, and a primary tank heating jacket (not shown in the drawings) is arranged outside the primary tank body 111; the upper part of the outer side wall of the primary tank body 111 is provided with a primary tank steam inlet 115 communicated with the primary tank heating coil and the primary tank heating jacket; introducing steam into the primary tank heating coil and the primary tank heating jacket through the primary tank steam inlet 115, so as to melt the solid raw material added into the primary tank body 111 into a liquid state; a primary tank steam inlet adjusting valve 114 is arranged at the primary tank steam inlet 115 and used for adjusting the amount of heating steam.
As shown in fig. 5, a primary tank discharge valve 112 and a primary tank steam outlet 118 are arranged at the bottom of the primary tank body 111, the primary tank discharge valve 112 is located at the center of the bottom of the primary tank body 111, and the primary tank discharge valve 112 is connected with the top of the secondary tank 12 and is used for discharging slurry into the secondary tank 12; the primary tank steam outlet 118 is located outside the primary tank discharge valve 12; the top of the primary tank body 111 is provided with a primary tank slurry temperature sensor 113; the primary tank slurry temperature sensor 113 is located at the upper part of the primary tank body 111, the detection end of the primary tank slurry temperature sensor is deep into the slurry melted in the primary tank body 111, and the primary tank slurry temperature sensor 113 is used for detecting the temperature of the melted slurry, the primary tank slurry temperature sensor 113 is connected with the primary tank steam inlet adjusting valve 114 in an interlocking manner, and the primary tank steam inlet adjusting valve 114 adjusts the heating steam quantity according to the temperature value detected by the primary tank slurry temperature sensor 113. When the temperature of the slurry is higher than the set height, the opening degree of the first-stage groove steam inlet adjusting valve 114 is reduced, the amount of steam for heating is reduced, and therefore the temperature is reduced; when the temperature of the slurry is lower than the set height, the steam inlet regulating valve 114 of the primary tank increases the opening degree and increases the amount of steam for heating, so that the temperature is increased; through interlocking control, the temperature of the slurry in the primary tank 11 is controlled within a proper range, and the process requirements are met.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the primary tank stirring device 117 of the primary tank body 111 includes a primary tank stirrer 1171 vertically disposed inside the primary tank body 111 and a primary tank stirrer driving motor 1172 vertically disposed outside the top of the primary tank body 111; the upper end of the primary tank stirrer 1171 penetrates through the top of the primary tank body 111 and is in driving connection with the primary tank stirrer driving motor 1172.
As shown in fig. 6, the secondary tank 12 includes a secondary tank body 121, the secondary tank body 121 is a stainless steel closed container with a secondary tank stirring device 127 inside, a secondary tank heating coil (not shown in the drawing) is arranged inside the secondary tank body, and a secondary tank heating jacket is arranged outside the secondary tank body 121; the upper part of the outer side wall of the secondary tank body 121 is provided with a secondary tank steam inlet 125 communicated with the secondary tank heating coil and the secondary tank heating jacket; introducing steam into the secondary tank heating coil and the secondary tank heating jacket through the secondary tank steam inlet 124, so as to melt the solid raw material added into the secondary tank body 121 into a liquid state;
as shown in fig. 6, a secondary tank discharge valve 122 and a secondary tank steam outlet 128 are arranged at the bottom of the secondary tank body 121, the secondary tank discharge valve 122 is located at the center of the bottom of the secondary tank body 121, and the secondary tank discharge valve 122 is connected with the top of the tertiary tank 13 and is used for discharging slurry into the tertiary tank 13; the secondary tank vapor outlet 128 is located outside of the secondary tank discharge valve 122; a second-stage tank slurry temperature sensor 123 is arranged at the top of the second-stage tank body 121; the second-stage tank slurry temperature sensor 123 is located at the upper part of the second-stage tank body 121, the detection end of the second-stage tank slurry temperature sensor is deep into the slurry melted in the second-stage tank body 121, and is used for detecting the temperature of the melted slurry, and a second-stage tank steam inlet adjusting valve 124 is arranged at a second-stage tank steam inlet 125 and is used for adjusting the heating steam quantity. The secondary tank steam inlet adjusting valve 124 is connected with the secondary tank slurry temperature sensor 123 in an interlocking manner, and the secondary tank steam inlet adjusting valve 124 adjusts the amount of heating steam according to the temperature value detected by the secondary tank slurry temperature sensor 123. When the temperature of the slurry is higher than the set height, the opening degree of the steam inlet adjusting valve 124 of the secondary tank is reduced, the amount of steam for heating is reduced, and the temperature is reduced; when the temperature of the slurry is lower than the set height, the steam inlet regulating valve 124 of the secondary tank increases the opening degree and increases the amount of steam for heating, thereby increasing the temperature; through interlocking control, the temperature of the slurry in the secondary tank 112 is controlled within a proper range to meet the process requirements.
As shown in fig. 4 and 6, a secondary tank stirring device 127 is arranged inside the secondary tank body 121; the secondary tank stirring device 127 comprises a secondary tank stirrer 1271 vertically arranged inside the secondary tank body 121 and a secondary tank stirrer driving motor 1272 vertically arranged outside the top of the secondary tank body 121; the upper end of the secondary tank stirrer 1272 penetrates through the top of the secondary tank body 121 and is in driving connection with the secondary tank stirrer driving motor 1272.
As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the tertiary tank 13 includes a tertiary tank body 131, the tertiary tank body 131 is a stainless steel closed container with a tertiary tank stirring device 37 inside, and a tertiary tank heating jacket (not shown in the drawings) is arranged outside the tertiary tank body 131; the upper part of the outer side wall of the third-stage groove body 131 is provided with a third-stage groove steam inlet 135 communicated with the third-stage groove heating coil and the third-stage groove heating jacket; introducing steam into the tertiary tank heating coil and the tertiary tank heating jacket through the tertiary tank steam inlet 135, and melting the solid raw material added into the tertiary tank body 131 into a liquid state;
as shown in fig. 4 and 6, a tertiary tank discharge valve 132 and a tertiary tank steam outlet 136 are arranged at the bottom of the tertiary tank body 131, the tertiary tank discharge valve is located at the center of the bottom of the tertiary tank body 131, and the tertiary tank discharge valve 132 is connected with the slurry pump 4 and is used for discharging slurry into the slurry pump 14; the tertiary tank steam outlet 136 is positioned outside the tertiary tank discharge valve 132; a third-stage tank slurry temperature sensor 133 is arranged at the top of the third-stage tank body 131; the third-stage tank slurry temperature sensor 33 is positioned at the upper part of the third-stage tank body 131, and the detection end of the third-stage tank slurry temperature sensor extends into the slurry melted in the third-stage tank body 131 to detect the temperature of the melted slurry; and a tertiary tank steam inlet adjusting valve 134 is arranged at the tertiary tank steam inlet 136 and used for adjusting the amount of the heating steam. The three-stage tank steam inlet adjusting valve 134 is connected with the three-stage tank slurry temperature sensor 133 in an interlocking manner, and the three-stage tank steam inlet adjusting valve 134 adjusts the heating steam quantity according to the temperature value detected by the first-stage tank slurry temperature sensor 133. When the slurry temperature is higher than the set height, the opening degree of the three-stage groove steam inlet adjusting valve 134 is reduced, the amount of steam for heating is reduced, and therefore the temperature is reduced; when the slurry temperature is lower than the set height, the steam inlet regulating valve 134 of the third-stage tank increases the opening degree and increases the amount of steam for heating, so that the temperature is increased; the temperature of the slurry in the tertiary tank 13 is controlled within a certain range through interlocking control, and the process requirements are met.
As shown in fig. 7, the tertiary tank agitating device 137 includes a tertiary tank agitator 371 vertically disposed inside the tertiary tank body 131 and a tertiary tank agitator driving motor 1372 vertically disposed outside the top of the tertiary tank body 131; the upper end of the tertiary tank stirrer 1371 penetrates the top of the tertiary tank body 131 to be in driving connection with the tertiary tank stirrer driving motor 1372. The triple-pole trough stirrer 1371 is driven by the triple-pole trough stirrer driving motor 1372 to stir slurry formed after dissolution to form final mixed melt.
The heating coils of the primary tank and the secondary tank and the heating jacket of the tertiary tank are the existing heating coils and heating jackets.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, further comprising a first slurry pipe 119 for connecting the lower portion of the primary tank 11 and the top of the secondary tank 12 and a second slurry pipe 129 for connecting the lower portion of the secondary tank 12 and the top of the tertiary tank 13; the first slurry pipe 119 and the second slurry pipe 129 are consistent in shape and size; the first slurry pipe 119 and the second slurry pipe 129 both comprise a first connecting part and a second connecting part which are connected with each other, the first connecting part is arranged in an upward inclined manner and is connected with a corresponding overflow port, and the highest position of the first connecting part is 100mm higher than the top of the coil pipe in the corresponding tank body; the second connecting portion is vertically arranged downwards and communicated with the corresponding groove body. The melted slurry in the primary tank 11 flows out through a primary tank overflow port 116 on the side wall of the primary tank body 111, the flowing slurry moves upwards for a certain distance along a first slurry pipe 119 and then falls into the secondary tank 12, and the liquid level of the slurry in the primary tank 11 is kept above at least 100mm by utilizing the principle of fluid level when the slurry moves upwards for a certain distance; when the slurry level in the primary tank 111 exceeds the top of the upward first slurry pipe 119, the melted slurry in the primary tank 11 flows into the secondary tank 12. The ground paste after the completion of the melting in the secondary tank 12 flows out through the secondary tank overflow port 126 on the side wall of the secondary tank body 121, the flowing-out ground paste moves upwards for a certain distance along the second ground paste pipe 129 and then falls into the tertiary tank 13, so that the ground paste liquid level in the secondary tank 12 is kept above at least 100mm of the coil pipe in the secondary tank 11 by utilizing the principle of fluid level when the ground paste level in the secondary tank 12 exceeds the top point of the upward second ground paste pipe, the ground paste melted in the secondary tank 12 can automatically flow into the tertiary tank 13.
As shown in fig. 4, the slurry pump 14 is a horizontal slurry pump with a head of 40-60m, and has an inlet connected to the discharge valve 32 of the tertiary tank and an outlet connected to the slurry backwashing filter device 15; the slurry pump 14 pumps the slurry flowing out of the three-pole groove discharge valve 132 at the bottom of the three-pole groove 13 to the slurry backwashing filter device 15 for filtering, and the filtered slurry is sent to the granulator.
As shown in fig. 4 and 9, the slurry backwashing filter device 15 includes a backwashing filter body 153, which is a stainless steel closed container, the backwashing filter body 153 includes a filter housing 1535, a slurry inlet 1531 and a slurry outlet 1532 are disposed on a side wall of the filter housing 1535, and a backwashing steam inlet 1533 and a slag discharge port 1534 are disposed at the top and bottom of the filter housing 1535, respectively; a filter screen 1536 is disposed inside the filter housing 1535, and the filter screen 1536 is a perforated plate type inverted cup-shaped structure. Filter screen 1536 is in communication with slurry inlet 1531 on the inside and filter screen 1536 is in communication with slurry outlet 1532 on the outside.
As shown in fig. 4 and 9, the slurry backwash filter assembly further comprises a slurry inlet pneumatic valve 151, a slurry return pneumatic valve 152, a slurry outlet pneumatic valve 154, a backwash steam inlet pneumatic valve 155, and a blowdown pneumatic valve 156; the slurry inlet pneumatic valve 151 is disposed at the slurry inlet 1531 and the slurry outlet pneumatic valve 154 is disposed at the slurry outlet 1532; the backwash steam inlet pneumatic valve 155 is disposed at the backwash steam inlet 1533; the slag discharge pneumatic valve 156 is disposed at the slag discharge port 1534, and the slurry return pneumatic valve 152 connects the outlet of the slurry pump 14 and the lower portion of the tertiary tank 13; the slurry inlet pneumatic valve 151, the slurry return pneumatic valve 152, the slurry outlet pneumatic valve 154, the backwash steam inlet pneumatic valve 155 and the slag discharge pneumatic valve 156 are all timing or differential pressure automatic switches, and the slurry backwash filter device 15 can be cleaned automatically at timing or according to differential pressure; when the system needs cleaning, slurry return pneumatic valve 152 is opened, slurry inlet pneumatic valve 151 and slurry outlet pneumatic valve 154 are closed, and blowdown pneumatic valve 156 and backwash steam inlet pneumatic valve 155 are opened.
As shown in fig. 4 and 8, the tail gas treatment device 16 includes a dynamic wave scrubber 161, an induced draft fan 163, and a scrubber 164 connected in sequence; a dynamic wave washing tower circulating water pump 162 is arranged on the dynamic wave washing tower 161 and is used for circulating the washing liquid in the dynamic wave washing tower 161; a washing tower circulating water pump 165 is arranged on the washing tower 164 and is used for circulating the washing liquid in the washing tower 165; the top of the scrubber 165 is provided with a stack 166 for discharging the treated off-gas. The tail gas generated by each groove body is gathered together by the air pipe and enters the dynamic wave washing tower, and the dynamic wave washing tower adopts a two-stage series connection type, so that the dust removal efficiency is higher. The tail gas washed by the dynamic wave washing tower is conveyed to the washing tower through the induced draft fan for secondary washing, the tail gas after secondary washing is directly exhausted along the chimney 166, two-stage washing is carried out in a mode that the dynamic wave washing tower 161 and the washing tower 164 are connected in series, and the washing effect can be ensured to completely meet the increasingly severe environmental protection requirement.
The pulping device can be arranged at the bottom of the granulation tower or at the top of the granulation tower; when the pulping device is arranged at the bottom of the granulation tower, the pulping device sends slurry into the slurry backwashing filter device through a slurry pump for filtering, and then sends the slurry into a granulation disc in the granulation tower for centrifugal granulation; when the pulping device is arranged at the top of the granulation tower, a slurry pump is not needed, and slurry is directly discharged into the slurry backwashing filter device for filtering after a discharge valve of the three-stage groove is opened, and then is sent into a granulation disc of the granulation tower for centrifugal granulation.
As shown in fig. 10, the granulating pan 21 includes an upper cover plate 211 and a lower cover plate 212 which are arranged at an interval from top to bottom, a feed inlet 214 for fertilizer melt is provided in the middle of the upper cover plate 211, and the feed inlet 214 is communicated with the space between the upper cover plate 211 and the lower cover plate 212; the middle of the lower cover plate 212 is in driving connection with an output shaft of a rotating motor and is used for controlling the granulation disc to rotate around the central shaft;
as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the inner side surface of the lower cover plate 212 located in the space is provided with a flow guiding platform 215, the flow guiding platform 215 is a rotational symmetric body around the central axis, the surface of the flow guiding platform 215 forms an included angle α with the central axis, in this embodiment, the surface of the flow guiding platform 215 forms an included angle α with the central axis of 60 °, the outer side of the flow guiding platform 215 extends to the outer peripheral edge of the lower cover plate 212, and the height of the flow guiding platform 215 gradually decreases from the central axis outward; is more beneficial to flow guiding.
In the invention, the fertilizer granulating disc adopts a centrifugal granulating process, when slurry enters the granulating disc 21 rotating at a high speed, the slurry gradually migrates to the outer side of the granulating disc 21 due to the action of centrifugal force, and when the slurry leaves a granulating part, the slurry is atomized into slurry particles, so that the risk of material blockage is reduced; meanwhile, different types of guide platforms 215 are designed according to the characteristics of different fertilizer products, and matching is performed according to the characteristics of different types of fertilizer slurry, so that the optimal granulation effect of various types of fertilizer slurry can be achieved.
As shown in fig. 12, in the present embodiment, a plurality of flow deflectors 213 radially distributed around the middle portion are disposed between the upper cover plate 211 and the lower cover plate 212, an inner end of each flow deflector 213 near the middle portion extends to be close to the central axis, an outer end thereof far from the middle portion extends to an edge of the lower cover plate, a centrifugal channel is formed between every two adjacent flow deflectors 213 and communicates from the center to the edge, an outer port of the centrifugal channel is formed as a centrifugal granulation hole 216, and a diameter of the centrifugal granulation hole 216 is 8 mm. In this embodiment, the flow deflectors 213 extend outward along an arc in the same direction, and a plurality of flow deflectors 213 are radially distributed in a spiral shape; to enhance the flow guiding effect. The guide vanes 213 are rectangular in normal cross-sectional shape along the extending direction, the number of the guide vanes 213 is 8 to 24, and the preferred value of the number of the guide vanes 213 is 12.
As shown in the tower body of fig. 13, a water-cooling device 25a is arranged at the lower end inside the tower body 2; the water-cooling device 25a comprises a water cooling tower 251a, a water pump 252a, an electric regulating valve 253a and a plurality of heat exchange fins 255 a; the cooling tower 251a, the water pump 252a and the electric regulating valve 253a are arranged outside the tower body 2 and are sequentially connected; the plurality of heat exchange fins 255a are vertically arranged at the lower end inside the tower body 2, two ends of each heat exchange fin 255a are respectively connected with a main water inlet pipe and a main water outlet pipe, and the main water inlet pipe and the main water outlet pipe are respectively connected with the electric control valve 253a and the water cooling tower 251 a; a temperature sensor 254a is arranged on the outer side wall of the tower body 2 corresponding to the bottom of the heat exchange plate 255a and used for detecting the temperature of cooled fertilizer particles, the temperature sensor 254a is connected with the electric regulating valve 253a in an interlocking manner, and the electric regulating valve 253a regulates the amount of cooling water according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 254 a; the inside of the heat exchange plate 255a is communicated with cooling water, fertilizer particles are arranged outside, and due to the temperature difference between the inside and the outside, the heat can be spontaneously transmitted from an object with high temperature to a cold object but cannot be spontaneously transmitted from an object with low temperature to an object with high temperature according to the second law of thermodynamics, and the fertilizer particles can be reduced to the required temperature by calculating the heat exchange area and the cooling water amount. The bottom among the cooling device has set up temperature sensor for detect the chemical fertilizer granule temperature after the cooling, carry out interlocking control with the electric control valve of regulation cooling water yield size, thereby realize the accurate control of chemical fertilizer granule temperature.
As shown in fig. 13, a plurality of striker plates 22 which are arranged in a downward inclination manner in sequence are arranged at the lower end inside the tower body 2, the inclination angle of each striker plate 22 is 45-90 degrees, and each striker plate 22 is a detachable inclined steel plate and is located above a plurality of heat exchange fins 255 a. On the chemical fertilizer granule 3 that is falling falls to striker plate 22 inside tower body 2 gradually, striker plate 22's effect is protection bottom heat exchanger fin, avoids the chemical fertilizer granule 3 that is falling or the bold material of granulation failure directly to drop on heat exchanger fin 255a and arouses that heat exchanger fin 255a warp, and striker plate 22 is detachable, conveniently clears up heat exchanger fin 255 a.
As shown in fig. 13, the material receiving mechanism disposed at the bottom of the tower body 2 includes a fan 263, a dehumidifying module 264 and a wind distributing box 261 which are connected in sequence; in this embodiment, the blower is a roots blower 263, and the dehumidifying module is a dehumidifier 264.
As shown in fig. 13, the air distributing box 261 is a funnel-shaped structure, and the upper end thereof is correspondingly installed at the bottom of the tower body 2 for collecting fertilizer particles falling in the granulation tower; the air distribution box 261 is made of stainless steel, the inner wall of the air distribution box 261 is obliquely arranged, the included angle between the air distribution box 261 and the horizontal direction is 5-45 degrees, the air distribution box 261 which is obliquely arranged at a slight angle on the inner wall replaces the traditional material receiving conical hopper, the whole height of the tower body can be reduced by 10-20m compared with the traditional material receiving conical hopper, and the construction cost of the tower body is saved by 1/10;
as shown in fig. 14, a plurality of air distribution holes 261b are formed in the funnel-shaped inner wall of the air distribution box 261, air inlet holes 261a are formed in the outer wall, and a cavity for communicating the air distribution holes 261b with the air inlet holes 261a is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall;
as shown in fig. 13, after the fan 263 passes through the dehumidifying module 264, the wind is blown into the cavity through the wind inlet holes 261a and is blown out from the plurality of wind distribution holes 261 b; the fertilizer particles falling to the inner wall of the air distribution box 261 are in a fluidized state under the air blowing state of the air distribution holes; the fluidization principle is adopted to receive materials to replace the existing mechanical tower bottom material collector, so that no material accumulation is generated, no moving part is generated, and the maintenance amount is small.
As shown in fig. 13, the plurality of air distribution holes 261b are uniformly arranged in a direction perpendicular to the inner wall of the air distribution case 261 and penetrate the air distribution case 261. In this embodiment, the air distribution hole 261b is a straight hole. The aperture of the air inlet hole 261a is larger than that of the air distribution hole 261 b;
as shown in fig. 13, a receiving port 262 is arranged at the lower end of the air distributing box 261, the receiving port 262 is a conical funnel structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the receiving port 262 serves as a buffer port for collecting fertilizer particles flowing down on the air distributing box 261 and uniformly conveying the fertilizer particles downward to the first belt conveyor 24 below;
as shown in fig. 13, an opening adjusting valve 265 is disposed at the lower end of the receiving opening for adjusting the discharge amount of the fertilizer particles. A material level sensor 23 is arranged at the lower end of the outer wall of the tower body 2, and a detection end of the material level sensor 23 extends into the lower end in the tower body and is used for detecting the material level of fertilizer particles; aperture governing valve 265 with level sensor 23 interlocking is connected, aperture governing valve 265 basis the discharge amount size of chemical fertilizer granule is adjusted to the material level that level sensor 23 detected. Through install material level sensor 23 that detects chemical fertilizer granule bed of material height on tower body 2, carry out interlocking control with the aperture governing valve 265 of control chemical fertilizer granule load to guarantee the stability of 2 bottom chemical fertilizer granule loads of tower body, realize best fluidization state.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) making fertilizer granules of 0.5-2.5mm by using a centrifugal granulation principle; meanwhile, the particle outlet is enlarged to be more than 6mm, so that the impurities of the infusible matter are more easily thrown out, the material blockage is avoided, and the problem of impurity blockage is solved;
(2) the back-washing filtering device is arranged to realize the online impurity filtering of the slurry, and the impurities can be automatically discharged at regular intervals without being cleaned manually, so that the labor intensity of workers is reduced;
(3) the wind distribution box with a micro angle is adopted to replace a material receiving cone hopper, the whole height of the tower body can be reduced by 10-20m compared with the type of the material receiving cone hopper, and the construction cost of the tower body is saved by 1/10;
(4) the fluidization principle is adopted to replace the existing mechanical tower bottom material collector, so that no material accumulation is generated, no moving part is generated, and the maintenance amount is small.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 15, the main technical solution of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the features that are not explained in this embodiment are explained in embodiment 1, and are not described again here. This example differs from example 1 in that: the lower end in the tower body is provided with a cooling device, the cooling device is an air cooling device 25b, and the air cooling device 25b comprises an electric adjusting valve 253b, an induced draft fan 252b and heat exchange fins 24 b; the electric control valve 253b and the induced draft fan are arranged outside the tower body, and the electric control valve 253b is connected with an inlet of the induced draft fan 252 b; the plurality of heat exchange fins 24b are vertically arranged at the lower end inside the tower body 2, two ends of each heat exchange fin 254b are respectively connected with an air inlet main pipe and an air outlet main pipe, and the air inlet main pipe penetrates through the side wall of the tower body 2 and is communicated with the outside; the air outlet main pipe is connected with the electric regulating valve 253 b; a temperature sensor 251b is arranged on the outer side wall of the tower body 2 corresponding to the heat exchange plate 254b and used for detecting the temperature of the cooled fertilizer particles, the temperature sensor 251b is connected with the electric regulating valve 253b in an interlocking manner, and the electric regulating valve 253b regulates the cooling air volume according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 251 b; the plate type heat exchange plates or the tube type heat exchange plates 254b are internally communicated with normal temperature air, fertilizer particles are externally arranged, and due to the temperature difference between the plate type heat exchange plates and the tube type heat exchange plates, the heat can be spontaneously transmitted from an object with high temperature to a cooler object but cannot be spontaneously transmitted from an object with low temperature to an object with high temperature according to the second law of thermodynamics, and the fertilizer particles can be reduced to the required temperature by calculating the heat exchange area and the cooling air volume. The cooling device is provided with a temperature sensor 251b for detecting the temperature of the cooled fertilizer granules and performing interlocking control with an electric control valve 253b for adjusting the cooling air volume, when the temperature of the cooled fertilizer granules is high, the electric control valve 253b increases the cooling air volume, and when the temperature of the cooled fertilizer granules is smaller than a set threshold value, the electric control valve 253b reduces the cooling air, so that the fertilizer granules cannot absorb moisture due to too low temperature to cause the rise of water content, and the accurate control of the temperature of the fertilizer granules is realized.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 16 and 17, the main technical solution of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, and the features that are not explained in this embodiment adopt the explanations in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, which are not described herein again. This example differs from example 1 or example 2 in that: the granulator further comprises a plurality of material receiving hoppers 27 arranged at the bottom of the granulator, a first belt conveyor 24 is correspondingly arranged below each material receiving hopper 27, and the plurality of belt conveyors are arranged in parallel; a second belt conveyor 29 is provided near the same end of each of the first belt conveyors 24; each of the receiving hoppers 27 collects the falling fertilizer granules and conveys them to a second belt conveyor 29 by the corresponding first belt conveyor 24, and the second belt conveyor 29 conveys the fertilizer granules to a subsequent process. And a cooling fan 28 is arranged above the material receiving hopper 27 and used for cooling the falling liquid drops, and the liquid drops form fertilizer particles after being cooled.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 18, a main technical solution of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, or embodiment 3, and features not explained in this embodiment adopt the explanations in embodiment 1, embodiment 2, or embodiment 3, which are not described herein again. This example differs from example 1, example 2 or example 3 in that: the granulation disk is equipped with water conservancy diversion piece 213, water conservancy diversion piece 213 is C shape along the normal direction cross-sectional shape of extending direction, water conservancy diversion piece 213 is the torus along the side in granulation disk direction of rotation the place ahead, water conservancy diversion piece 213 number is 8 ~ 24, and this embodiment adopts preferred value 12.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 19, in one embodiment of the present invention, the main technical solution of this embodiment and embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, or embodiment 4 adopt the explanations in embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, or embodiment 4, and the features that are not explained in this embodiment are not described again here. This example differs from example 1, example 2, example 3 or example 4 in that: a plurality of inner guide vanes 2131 which are circumferentially and radially distributed around the middle are arranged between the upper cover plate 211 and the lower cover plate 212, the inner ends of the inner guide vanes extend to be close to the central axis, and the outer ends of the inner guide vanes extend in the direction far away from the central axis; a plurality of outer guide vanes 2132 distributed along the circumferential direction of the edge of the lower cover plate are also arranged, the outer ends of the outer guide vanes 2132 are close to the edge of the lower cover plate, and the inner ends extend towards the direction close to the middle; the outer guide vanes 2132 are located on the outer circumference of the inner guide vanes 2131, and the number of the outer guide vanes 2132 is greater than that of the inner guide vanes 2131. In this embodiment, the outer baffle 2132 is a flat baffle, and the flat baffle is arranged along the radial direction or forms an included angle smaller than 90 ° with the radial direction; the inner flow deflectors 2131 are arc-shaped flow deflectors, a plurality of inner flow deflectors are spirally and radially distributed, and the normal cross-sectional shapes of the outer flow deflectors 2132 and the inner flow deflectors 2131 in the extending direction are both rectangular; the side surface of the outer flow deflector 2132 in front of the rotation direction of the granulating disk is a plane, the side surface of the inner flow deflector 2131 in front of the rotation direction of the granulating disk 21 is an arc surface, the number of the outer flow deflectors is 12-36, and the preferred number of the outer flow deflectors in this embodiment is 12; the number of interior water conservancy diversion piece is 2 ~ 6, and the preferred quantity of this embodiment is 3.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 20, a main technical solution of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, or embodiment 5, and features not explained in this embodiment adopt the explanations in embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, or embodiment 5, and are not described again here. This example differs from example 1, example 2, example 3, example 4 or example 5 in that: a plurality of inner guide vanes 2131 which are circumferentially and radially distributed around the middle are arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, the inner ends of the inner guide vanes 2131 extend to be close to the central shaft, and the outer ends of the inner guide vanes extend to be far away from the central shaft; a plurality of outer guide vanes 2132 distributed along the circumferential direction of the edge of the lower cover plate are also arranged, the outer ends of the outer guide vanes 2132 are close to the edge of the lower cover plate, and the inner ends extend towards the direction close to the middle; the outer guide vanes 2132 are located on the outer circumference of the inner guide vanes 2131, and the number of the outer guide vanes 2132 is greater than that of the inner guide vanes 2131. In this embodiment, the outer flow deflectors 2132 and the inner flow deflectors 2131 are both arc-shaped flow deflectors, a plurality of the outer flow deflectors 2132 are distributed in a spiral radial shape, and a plurality of the inner flow deflectors 2131 are distributed in a spiral radial shape; the shapes of the normal cross sections of the outer flow deflectors 2132 and the inner flow deflectors 2131 in the extending direction are both rectangular; the side surfaces of the outer flow deflector 2132 and the inner flow deflector 2131 in front along the rotation direction of the granulating disc 21 are both arc surfaces; the number of the outer guide vanes 2132 is 12-36, and the preferred value adopted in the embodiment is 24; the number of the inner guide vanes 2131 is 2-6, and the preferred value of the number of the inner guide vanes is 3.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 21, a main technical solution of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, or embodiment 6, and features not explained in this embodiment adopt the explanations in embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, or embodiment 6, and are not described again here. This example differs from example 1, example 2, example 3, example 4, example 5 or example 6 in that: a plurality of inner flow deflectors 2131 which are radially distributed around the middle in the circumferential direction are arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, the inner ends of the inner flow deflectors extend to be close to the central shaft, and the outer ends of the inner flow deflectors extend towards the direction far away from the central shaft; a plurality of outer guide vanes 2132 distributed along the circumferential direction of the edge of the lower cover plate are further arranged, the outer ends of the outer guide vanes 2132 are close to the edge of the lower cover plate 212, and the inner ends extend towards the direction close to the middle; the outer guide vanes 2132 are located on the outer circumference of the inner guide vanes 2131, and the number of the outer guide vanes 2132 is greater than that of the inner guide vanes 2131. In this embodiment, the outer flow deflectors 2132 and the inner flow deflectors 2131 are both arc-shaped flow deflectors, a plurality of the outer flow deflectors 2132 are distributed in a spiral radial shape, and a plurality of the inner flow deflectors 2131 are distributed in a spiral radial shape; the shapes of the normal cross sections of the outer flow deflectors 2132 and the inner flow deflectors 2131 in the extending direction are both rectangular; the side surfaces of the outer flow deflector 2132 and the inner flow deflector 2131 in front along the rotation direction of the granulating device are both arc surfaces; the number of the outer guide vanes 2132 is 12-36, and the preferred value adopted in the embodiment is 24; the number of the inner guide vanes 2132 is 2-6, and the preferred value of the number of the inner guide vanes is 3.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, in light of the above teachings and teachings. Therefore, the scope of protection is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations to the claims should fall within the scope of the invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (17)
1. A low tower granulation process for fertilizer, characterized in that the process comprises the following steps:
s1: respectively adding a solid particle mixture raw material A, a raw material B and a raw material C into a primary tank, a secondary tank and a tertiary tank, melting into slurry under the action of high temperature of 120-170 ℃, dissolving and mixing step by step in sequence, and forming mixed slurry of the raw material A, the raw material B and the raw material C in the tertiary tank;
s4, opening a discharge valve of the three-stage groove to enable the mixed slurry of the raw material A, the raw material B and the raw material C which are fully mixed and melted to enter a granulator for granulation; the granulator is a low-tower centrifugal granulator, the centrifugal granulator comprises a granulating disc, slurry enters the granulating disc and moves towards the edge of the granulating disc under the action of centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation of the granulating disc, the slurry gradually extends into a thin film in the moving process, and when the slurry moves to the outermost edge of the granulating disc, the slurry is changed into fine liquid drops from the thin film under the action of centrifugal force and is thrown out of the granulating disc;
s2: the thrown liquid drops move in the granulation tower, the melting point of the liquid drops is 60-120 ℃, and the temperature of the liquid drops when the liquid drops are thrown is 90-160 ℃; the liquid drops moving in the granulation tower move downwards due to the action of outward speed and gravity, and the high-temperature liquid drops are cooled by air in the falling process; when the temperature of the liquid drops is cooled to be below the melting point, the liquid drops form fertilizer particles;
s5: the fertilizer particles are cooled and fall onto a material collector at the bottom of the granulation tower, and the material collector comprises an air distribution box, a fan and a dehumidification module, wherein the inner wall of the air distribution box is obliquely arranged; the air distribution box is used for collecting falling fertilizer particles, the inner wall of the air distribution box is provided with a plurality of air distribution holes, the outer wall of the air distribution box is provided with an air inlet hole, a cavity for connecting the air distribution holes and the air inlet hole is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall, and air is blown into the cavity through the air inlet hole and blown out from the air distribution holes after passing through the dehumidification module by the fan; the fertilizer particles falling to the inner wall of the air distribution box are in a fluidized state under the air blowing state of the air distribution holes and fall into the belt conveyor through the material receiving port at the lower end of the air distribution box for conveying.
2. The low tower granulation process of fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said granulation disc comprises a feed inlet, an upper cover plate of the granulation disc, a deflector and a lower cover plate of the granulation disc connected in sequence from top to bottom; the size of centrifugal granulation holes formed by the flow deflectors is 6-40 mm, and the number of the centrifugal granulation holes is 8-64; the rotating speed of the granulating disc is 100-600 revolutions per minute, and the radius of the granulating disc is 200-500 mm; the height of the granulation tower is 5-60m, and the diameter of the granulation tower is 10-30 m; the included angle between the inner wall of the air distribution box and the horizontal plane is 5-45 degrees, the aperture of the air inlet is DN25-DN200mm, and the aperture of the air distribution hole is 1-5 mm; the distance between two adjacent air distribution holes is 50-250 mm; the particle size of the fertilizer particles is 0.5-2.5 mm.
3. The low tower granulation process of fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein during the pulping process, steam heating devices are provided on the primary tank, the secondary tank and the tertiary tank, and the steam heating devices are provided with temperature sensors and steam inlet regulating valves for controlling the amount of heating steam; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the slurry is higher than the set temperature, the steam inlet regulating valve reduces the opening degree and reduces the amount of steam for heating, so that the temperature is reduced; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the slurry is lower than the set temperature, the steam inlet regulating valve increases the opening degree, the amount of steam for heating is increased, and the temperature is increased.
4. The low tower granulation process of fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein during the material receiving process, a material discharging control device is provided, said material discharging control device comprises a material level sensor and an opening regulating valve, said material level sensor is provided at the lower end of said granulation tower for detecting the material level height of the fertilizer particles at the lower end of the granulation tower; the opening adjusting valve is connected with the material level sensor in an interlocking mode, and the opening adjusting valve adjusts the discharge amount of fertilizer particles according to the material level height detected by the material level sensor.
5. The low tower granulation process of fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a tail gas treatment device for collecting tail gas generated from each stage of tank; the tail gas treatment device comprises a dynamic wave washing tower, a dynamic wave washing tower circulating water pump, a draught fan, a washing tower circulating water pump and a chimney.
6. A low tower for producing small particles of fertilizer, which is applied in the low tower for producing small particles of fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the low tower for producing small particles system comprises a pulping device, an atomizing granulating disc, a granulating tower and a receiving mechanism; the granulating disc comprises an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate which are arranged at intervals up and down, an input port of fertilizer melt is arranged in the middle of the upper cover plate, and the input port is communicated with an interval space between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; the middle of the lower cover plate is in driving connection with an output shaft of a rotating motor and is used for controlling the granulation device to rotate around the central shaft; the method is characterized in that:
the pulping preparation device comprises multistage tanks, solid raw materials are put in each stage tank, the solid raw materials put in the previous stage tank are heated and melted at high temperature to form liquid slurry, the liquid slurry overflows or is discharged into the next stage tank, the liquid slurry is mixed with the solid raw materials melted in the next stage tank, and the liquid slurry is sequentially melted and mixed step by step and then is conveyed into a granulation disc in a granulation tower;
the inner side surface of the lower cover plate in the space is provided with a flow guide table, the flow guide table is a rotational symmetric body around the central shaft, the surface of the flow guide table and the central shaft form an included angle alpha, and the included angle alpha is more than or equal to 0 degree and less than 90 degrees;
the material receiving mechanism arranged at the bottom of the granulation tower comprises a fan, a dehumidification module and an air distribution box which are sequentially connected;
the air distribution box is of a funnel-shaped structure and is used for collecting fertilizer particles falling in the granulation tower; and after the fan blows air into the granulation tower through the air distribution box after the air passes through the dehumidification module, so that the fertilizer particles falling to the inner wall of the air distribution box are in a fluidized state under the air blowing state of the air distribution holes.
7. The small particle producing tower for fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein said multi-stage tank comprises a primary tank, a secondary tank and a tertiary tank connected in sequence; the horizontal height of the secondary groove is lower than that of the primary groove; the horizontal height of the tertiary tank is lower than that of the secondary tank; the primary tank, the secondary tank and the tertiary tank comprise tank bodies, heating coils are arranged inside the tank bodies of the primary tank and the secondary tank, and a heating jacket is arranged outside each tank body; a steam inlet is formed in the upper part of the outer side wall of the tank body; a steam inlet adjusting valve is arranged at the steam inlet and used for adjusting the amount of heating steam; a slurry temperature sensor is arranged at the top of the tank body; the slurry temperature sensor is positioned at the upper part of the tank body, the detection end of the slurry temperature sensor extends into the slurry melted in the tank body, and the slurry temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the slurry after melting.
8. The fertilizer granulating tower as claimed in claim 7, wherein a discharge valve and a steam outlet are arranged at the bottom of each tank body, the discharge valve is positioned at the center of the bottom of the tank body, and the discharge valve of the upper-stage tank is connected with the top of the lower-stage tank and is used for discharging slurry into the lower-stage tank; overflow ports communicated with the inside of the primary groove and the secondary groove are obliquely arranged on the side walls of the bottoms of the primary groove and the secondary groove; each inside all perpendicular agitating unit that is equipped with of cell body, agitating unit includes agitator and drive agitator pivoted agitator and rotates the motor.
9. The small particle making low tower for fertilizer of claim 8, wherein the slurry preparation device further comprises a slurry pump and a backwash filter device, and further comprises the slurry backwash filter device comprising a backwash filter body, a slurry inlet pneumatic valve, a slurry return pneumatic valve, a slurry outlet pneumatic valve, a backwash steam inlet pneumatic valve and a deslagging pneumatic valve; the back-washing filter body comprises a filter shell, a slurry inlet and a slurry outlet are formed in the side wall of the filter shell, and a back-washing steam inlet and a slag discharge port are formed in the top and the bottom of the filter shell respectively; a filter screen is arranged in the filter shell and is of a pore plate type inverted cup-shaped structure.
10. The fertilizer granule-making low tower as claimed in claim 6, further comprising a tail gas treatment device connected to each trough body, wherein the tail gas treatment device comprises a dynamic wave washing tower, a dynamic wave washing tower circulating water pump, an induced draft fan, a washing tower circulating water pump and a chimney.
11. The small particle producing tower for fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the outer side of the guide platform extends to the outer peripheral edge of the lower cover plate, and the height of the guide platform gradually decreases from the central axis to the outside; the surface of the flow guide table and the central shaft form an included angle alpha of 60 degrees;
a plurality of flow deflectors radially distributed around the middle part are arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and the mixed slurry is thrown out of the granulating disc along the flow deflectors under the action of centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation of the granulating disc, and is cooled and solidified into fertilizer particles through free falling in the tower body; and falls into a material receiving mechanism positioned at the bottom of the tower for collection;
the inner end of each guide vane close to the middle part extends to be close to the central shaft, the outer end of each guide vane far away from the middle part extends to the edge of the lower cover plate, a centrifugal channel communicated from the center to the outside of the edge is formed between every two adjacent guide vanes, and the outer port of the centrifugal channel is formed into a centrifugal granulation hole.
12. The small particle producing tower for fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein said baffles comprise inner and outer baffles; the inner flow deflectors are circumferentially and radially distributed around the middle, the inner ends of the inner flow deflectors extend to be close to the central shaft, and the outer ends of the inner flow deflectors extend in the direction far away from the central shaft; the outer flow deflectors are circumferentially distributed along the edge of the lower cover plate, the outer ends of the outer flow deflectors are close to the edge of the lower cover plate, and the inner ends of the outer flow deflectors extend towards the direction close to the middle;
the outer flow deflectors are positioned on the periphery of the inner flow deflectors, and the number of the outer flow deflectors is more than that of the inner flow deflectors; an inner centrifugal channel from inside to outside is formed between every two inner flow deflectors, an outer centrifugal channel is formed between every two outer flow deflectors, any inner centrifugal channel is communicated to the outer centrifugal channels, the outer port of each outer centrifugal channel is formed into a centrifugal granulation hole, and the aperture of each centrifugal granulation hole is 8 mm.
13. The small particle producing tower for fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 6, 11 and 12, wherein said baffles extend radially outwardly in a straight line, and a plurality of baffles are radially arranged; or the flow deflectors extend outwards along an arc line in the same direction, and the plurality of flow deflectors are distributed in a spiral radial shape;
the normal section of the flow deflector along the extension direction is rectangular or C-shaped.
14. The fertilizer granulating tower as claimed in claim 6, wherein a cooling device is arranged at the lower end in the tower body, the cooling device comprises a heat exchange plate arranged in the tower body, a plurality of baffle plates are sequentially arranged downwards above the heat exchange plate, and the included angle between each baffle plate and the horizontal direction is 45-90 degrees.
15. The small particle producing tower for fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the upper end of the air distribution box is correspondingly installed at the bottom of the granulation tower, the funnel-shaped inner wall of the air distribution box is provided with a plurality of air distribution holes, the outer wall of the air distribution box is provided with air inlet holes, and a cavity for communicating the air distribution holes and the air inlet holes is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall;
the fan blows in wind into the cavity through the air inlet holes after passing through the dehumidification module, and blows out from the plurality of air distribution holes, and fertilizer particles falling to the inner wall of the air distribution box are in a fluidized state under the air blowing state of the air distribution holes.
16. The small particle producing tower for the fertilizer as claimed in claim 15, wherein the lower end of the air distributing box is provided with a receiving opening, and the receiving opening is provided with an opening degree adjusting valve for adjusting the discharge amount of the fertilizer particles; a material level sensor is arranged at the lower end of the outer wall of the tower body, and a detection end of the material level sensor extends into the tower body and is used for detecting the material level height of fertilizer particles; the opening adjusting valve is connected with the material level sensor in an interlocking mode, and the opening adjusting valve adjusts the discharge amount of the fertilizer particles according to the material level height of the fertilizer particles detected by the material level sensor.
17. The small granulated fertilizer low tower as claimed in claim 6, further comprising a plurality of receiving hoppers provided at the bottom of said granulation tower, a first belt conveyor being provided below each of said receiving hoppers, said plurality of belt conveyors being arranged in parallel; a second belt conveyor is arranged at a position close to the same end of each first belt conveyor; each receiving hopper collects falling fertilizer particles and conveys the fertilizer particles to a second belt conveyor through the corresponding first belt conveyor.
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