CN113002455A - Direct current and high frequency alternating current hybrid electric system for unmanned vehicle - Google Patents
Direct current and high frequency alternating current hybrid electric system for unmanned vehicle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct current and high frequency alternating current hybrid electric system for an unmanned automobile, which divides the unmanned automobile into five domain controllers according to functions, each domain controller is connected by a central gateway in the unmanned automobile for information interaction, a diagnosis interface DLC connected with the unmanned automobile is used for centralized control and information processing, an HVDC bus is connected with a frequency converter of the unmanned automobile to supply power for corresponding motor loads and is connected with an LVDC bus through an HVDC/LVDC converter to distribute direct currents with different voltage grades for a chassis domain controller, a body domain controller and an information entertainment domain controller, and simultaneously a high frequency alternating current is generated through a high frequency inverter HVDC/HFAC and a high frequency inverter LVDC/HFAC which are connected in parallel, and the HFAC bus is used for providing the alternating current with rapid dynamic response for corresponding automatic driving auxiliary equipment. Compared with the existing electronic and electric system of the unmanned automobile, the electric system can meet the requirement of real-time power distribution, and has the advantages of simple structure, low loss, quick dynamic response, energy conservation, high efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric systems of unmanned automobiles, in particular to a Direct Current (DC) and High Frequency Alternating Current (HFAC) mixed electric system for an unmanned automobile.
Background
With the rapid development of automotive electronics, the diversification of electronic systems and vehicle-mounted devices mounted on unmanned vehicles is becoming more and more abundant. On one hand, the number of the controllers is continuously increased, so that the cost is increased, the quality of the whole automobile is increased, in order to realize intelligent and safe control of unmanned driving, the distributed controllers are divided into domain controllers with stronger computing capability according to functional domains, but the real-time control response of the domain controllers is in certain internal relation with the voltage grade and the direct current or alternating current power supply mode, and the real-time requirement of each domain controller in the existing unmanned automobile on electric power is difficult to realize overall reasonability and optimization. On the other hand, because of the improvement of the power grade of the electric system, the transmission lines are continuously increased, the manufacturing cost and the weight of the automobile are continuously improved, and the loss of the direct-current power distribution system is excessive under the condition of low voltage and large current.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a direct current and high frequency alternating current hybrid electric system for an unmanned automobile, which is in communication connection with other domain controllers through a central gateway, improves the real-time performance of communication and reduces the use of communication peripherals; the adoption of a DC and high-frequency AC hybrid electric system overcomes the defects of a low-voltage and high-current electric system, realizes the global rationalization and optimization of the real-time power demand, and improves the dynamic response speed of the ADAS automatic driving auxiliary domain controller.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a direct current and high frequency alternating current hybrid electric system facing an unmanned automobile comprises five domain controllers, three power distribution buses, an HVDC/LVDC converter, a DC/DC converter, a high frequency inverter HVDC/HFAC and a high frequency inverter LVDC/HFAC;
the five domain controllers are divided into the following functions: the ADAS automatic driving auxiliary domain controller is used for improving the safety performance and the auxiliary driving capability of the unmanned automobile; the power assembly domain controller is used for optimizing and controlling the power assembly and has the functions of electric intelligent fault diagnosis, intelligent power saving, bus communication and energy supply; a chassis domain controller for adjusting the state and stable control of the unmanned vehicle; a body domain controller for integrating body electronics; an infotainment domain controller for human-computer interaction; the five domain controllers are all connected with a central gateway of the unmanned automobile and are used for centralized control and information processing through a diagnosis interface DLC connected with the unmanned automobile;
the three power distribution buses are an HVDC (high voltage direct current) bus, an LVDC (low voltage direct current) bus and an HFAC (high frequency alternating current) bus respectively, are used for effectively controlling the reactive power and harmonic waves of the power assembly domain controller and providing high-frequency alternating current with rapid dynamic response for the ADAS automatic driving auxiliary domain controller; the HVDC bus is connected with the output of a power battery pack on the unmanned automobile, the control of electric energy is realized by a charging and discharging management unit connected with a power assembly domain controller, the power is provided for the automobile by an engine management system connected with the power assembly domain controller, the power is supplied to a wheel motor of the unmanned automobile by a frequency converter connected with the power assembly domain controller, and the HVDC bus is connected with the LVDC bus by a HVDC/LVDC converter; the LVDC bus is connected with the DC/DC converter and provides direct current voltages of different grades for the chassis domain controller, the vehicle body domain controller and the infotainment domain controller; the HFAC bus is connected with the HVDC bus and the LVDC bus respectively through a high-frequency inverter HVDC/HFAC and a high-frequency inverter LVDC/HFAC which are connected in parallel; the high-frequency inverter HVDC/HFAC is a main high-frequency inverter; the high-frequency inverter LVDC/HFAC is a standby high-frequency inverter and is used for ensuring the power supply capacity of an HFAC bus, enhancing the stability of an ADAS automatic driving auxiliary domain controller and improving the fault tolerance rate of the system.
Furthermore, the ADAS autonomous driving assistant domain controller is integrated with a RADAR and a CAMERA CAMERA, senses the surrounding environment at any time in the driving process of the automobile, collects data, identifies static and dynamic objects, performs systematic operation by combining with map data of a navigator, and provides strong information transmission capability and data processing capability, so that the comfort and the safety of automobile driving are improved, and the real-time performance and the stability are considered at the same time;
the power assembly domain controller is integrated with an engine management unit, a frequency converter and a charging and discharging management unit;
and the chassis domain controller, the vehicle body domain controller and the infotainment domain controller are all integrated with an electronic control unit ECU and an integrated circuit IC.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the electric system of the domain controller framework of the unmanned automobile is simplified, the number of transmission lines, communication equipment and electronic controllers and the weight of the whole automobile are reduced, and the cost is reduced.
2. In each functional domain, the domain controller is in an absolute central position, so that the internal control of each functional block is easily realized, and the safety and reliability are enhanced.
3. The HVDC bus and the LVDC bus provide direct current with different voltage grades for each domain controller, and stability and safety of an electrical system are enhanced.
4. The HFAC bus provides high-frequency alternating current for an automatic auxiliary driving system, and the dynamic response performance of the unmanned automobile is improved.
5. The spare high-frequency inverter LVDC/HFAC ensures the power supply capacity of an HFAC bus, enhances the stability of the ADAS automatic driving auxiliary domain controller and improves the fault-tolerant rate of an electrical system.
6. The hybrid architecture electric system can reasonably distribute power according to different power requirements of different domain controllers, independent control of the domain controllers is easy to realize, and reliability of the system is enhanced.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid electrical system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a DC-HFAC hybrid electric system facing unmanned power demand, which includes five domain controllers, three power distribution buses, a high-frequency inverter HVDC/HFAC 15, a high-frequency inverter LVDC/HFAC 16, an HVDC/LVDC converter 17, and a DC/DC converter 18.
The five domain controllers are divided into by function: an ADAS automatic driving assistance domain controller 3 for improving the safety performance and the driving assistance capability of the unmanned automobile; a power assembly domain controller 4 which is used for optimizing and controlling the power assembly and has the functions of electric intelligent fault diagnosis, intelligent power saving, bus communication, energy supply and the like; a chassis domain controller 5 for adjusting and stably controlling the state of the unmanned vehicle; a body area controller 6 for integrating the body electronics; an infotainment domain controller 7 for human-computer interaction; the five domain controllers are all connected with a central gateway 2 of the unmanned automobile and are connected with a diagnosis interface DLC 1 of the unmanned automobile to perform centralized control and information processing.
The three power distribution buses are an HVDC (high voltage direct current) bus 19, an LVDC (low voltage direct current) bus 20 and an HFAC (high frequency alternating current) bus 21 respectively, can effectively control the reactive power and harmonic waves of the power assembly domain controller 4, and provide high frequency alternating current with rapid dynamic response for the ADAS automatic driving auxiliary domain controller 3; the HVDC bus 19 is connected with the output of a power battery pack 14 on the unmanned automobile, the control of electric energy is realized through a charge-discharge management unit 13 connected with a power assembly domain controller 4, the power is provided for the automobile through an engine management 10 connected with the power assembly domain controller 4, the power is supplied for a wheel motor 12 of the unmanned automobile through a frequency converter 11 connected with the power assembly domain controller 4, and the HVDC bus is connected with an LVDC bus 20 through an HVDC/LVDC converter 17; the LVDC bus 20 is connected with the DC/DC converter 18 and provides direct current voltages of different levels for the chassis domain controller 5, the vehicle body domain controller 6 and the infotainment domain controller 7; the HFAC bus 21 is respectively connected with the HVDC bus 19 and the LVDC bus 20 through a high-frequency inverter HVDC/HFAC 15 and a high-frequency inverter LVDC/HFAC 16 which are connected in parallel, wherein the high-frequency inverter HVDC/HFAC 15 is an active high-frequency inverter, the high-frequency inverter LVDC/HFAC 16 is a standby high-frequency inverter, and the standby high-frequency inverter not only ensures the power supply capacity of the HFAC bus 21, but also enhances the stability of the ADAS automatic driving auxiliary domain controller 3 and improves the fault-tolerant rate of an electric system.
The ADAS autonomous driving assistance domain controller 3 integrates a RADAR 8 and a CAMERA CAMERA 9, so that the comfort and the safety of automobile driving are improved, and the real-time performance and the stability (decision and planning capability) are considered at the same time.
The powertrain domain controller 4 is integrated with an engine management unit 10, a frequency converter 11, a charge and discharge management unit 13, and the like.
The chassis domain controller 5, the body domain controller 6, and the infotainment domain controller 7 are integrated with an ECU (electronic control unit) and an IC (integrated circuit).
In summary, the direct current and high frequency alternating current hybrid electric system for the unmanned vehicle, disclosed by the invention, divides the unmanned vehicle into five domain controllers according to functions, each domain controller is connected by a central gateway in the unmanned vehicle for information interaction, and is connected with a diagnostic interface DLC of the unmanned vehicle for centralized control and information processing, an HVDC bus is connected with an unmanned vehicle frequency converter to supply power for a corresponding motor load and is connected with an LVDC bus through an HVDC/LVDC converter, direct currents with different voltage levels are distributed for a chassis domain controller, a vehicle body domain controller and an information entertainment domain controller, meanwhile, high frequency alternating currents are generated through a high frequency inverter HVDC/HFAC and a high frequency inverter LVDC/HFAC which are connected in parallel, and the high frequency AC bus is used for providing alternating currents with rapid dynamic response for corresponding automatic driving auxiliary equipment. Compared with the existing electronic and electric system of the unmanned automobile, the electric system can meet the requirement of real-time power distribution, has the advantages of simple structure, small loss, quick dynamic response, energy conservation, high efficiency and the like, and is worthy of popularization.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, so that the changes in the shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a direct current and high frequency exchange hybrid electric system towards unmanned vehicle which characterized in that: the system comprises five domain controllers, three distribution buses, an HVDC/LVDC converter, a DC/DC converter, a high-frequency inverter HVDC/HFAC and a high-frequency inverter LVDC/HFAC;
the five domain controllers are divided into the following functions: the ADAS automatic driving auxiliary domain controller is used for improving the safety performance and the auxiliary driving capability of the unmanned automobile; the power assembly domain controller is used for optimizing and controlling the power assembly and has the functions of electric intelligent fault diagnosis, intelligent power saving, bus communication and energy supply; a chassis domain controller for adjusting the state and stable control of the unmanned vehicle; a body domain controller for integrating body electronics; an infotainment domain controller for human-computer interaction; the five domain controllers are all connected with a central gateway of the unmanned automobile and are used for centralized control and information processing through a diagnosis interface DLC connected with the unmanned automobile;
the three power distribution buses are an HVDC bus, an LVDC bus and an HFAC bus respectively, are used for effectively controlling reactive power and harmonic waves of the power assembly domain controller and providing high-frequency alternating current with rapid dynamic response for the ADAS automatic driving auxiliary domain controller; the HVDC bus is connected with the output of a power battery pack on the unmanned automobile, the control of electric energy is realized by a charging and discharging management unit connected with a power assembly domain controller, the power is provided for the automobile by an engine management system connected with the power assembly domain controller, the power is supplied to a wheel motor of the unmanned automobile by a frequency converter connected with the power assembly domain controller, and the HVDC bus is connected with the LVDC bus by a HVDC/LVDC converter; the LVDC bus is connected with the DC/DC converter and provides direct current voltages of different grades for the chassis domain controller, the vehicle body domain controller and the infotainment domain controller; the HFAC bus is connected with the HVDC bus and the LVDC bus respectively through a high-frequency inverter HVDC/HFAC and a high-frequency inverter LVDC/HFAC which are connected in parallel; the high-frequency inverter HVDC/HFAC is a main high-frequency inverter; the high-frequency inverter LVDC/HFAC is a standby high-frequency inverter and is used for ensuring the power supply capacity of an HFAC bus, enhancing the stability of an ADAS automatic driving auxiliary domain controller and improving the fault tolerance rate of the system.
2. The hybrid direct current and high frequency alternating current electrical system for the unmanned vehicle of claim 1, wherein: the ADAS automatic driving auxiliary domain controller is integrated with a RADAR and a CAMERA CAMERA, senses the surrounding environment at any time in the driving process of the automobile, collects data, identifies static and dynamic objects, combines with the map data of a navigator, performs systematic operation, and provides strong information transmission capability and data processing capability, so that the comfort and the safety of automobile driving are improved, and the real-time performance and the stability are considered at the same time;
the power assembly domain controller is integrated with an engine management unit, a frequency converter and a charging and discharging management unit;
and the chassis domain controller, the vehicle body domain controller and the infotainment domain controller are all integrated with an electronic control unit ECU and an integrated circuit IC.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113655708A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2021-11-16 | 北京理工大学深圳汽车研究院(电动车辆国家工程实验室深圳研究院) | Intelligent vehicle diagonal equal-hop heterogeneous composite redundancy domain architecture |
| CN113799747A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-17 | 奇瑞新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Controller of intelligent driving automobile and intelligent driving automobile |
| CN114454830A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-10 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell automobile network architecture and fuel cell automobile |
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- 2021-03-22 CN CN202110301096.5A patent/CN113002455B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113799747A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-17 | 奇瑞新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Controller of intelligent driving automobile and intelligent driving automobile |
| CN113655708A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2021-11-16 | 北京理工大学深圳汽车研究院(电动车辆国家工程实验室深圳研究院) | Intelligent vehicle diagonal equal-hop heterogeneous composite redundancy domain architecture |
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| CN114454830B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2024-01-16 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell automobile network architecture and fuel cell automobile |
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