CN113000059A - Nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113000059A
CN113000059A CN202110154538.8A CN202110154538A CN113000059A CN 113000059 A CN113000059 A CN 113000059A CN 202110154538 A CN202110154538 A CN 202110154538A CN 113000059 A CN113000059 A CN 113000059A
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nickel
methane
based catalyst
carbon dioxide
dry reforming
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张登松
邓江
张剑平
李红蕊
颜婷婷
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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    • B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/24—Nitrogen compounds
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    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
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    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0201—Impregnation
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
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    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
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    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/16—Reducing
    • B01J37/18—Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
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    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • C01B3/40—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts characterised by the catalyst
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    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0238—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a carbon dioxide reforming step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
    • C01B2203/1052—Nickel or cobalt catalysts
    • C01B2203/1058—Nickel catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
    • C01B2203/1241—Natural gas or methane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Abstract

The invention relates to a nickel-based catalyst for dry weight of methane and carbon dioxide, and a preparation method and application thereof. The method uses metal oxide such as zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide or solid solution between them as carrier, and prepares nickel-based catalyst coated with boron nitride by dipping boric acid and urea and calcining. The prepared catalyst combines the advantages of boron nitride and metal oxide, has high-dispersion active metal, and has excellent anti-carbon deposition and anti-sintering performance. The method is widely applicable to nickel-based catalysts loaded by various metal oxide carriers and has certain universality. The method has the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost, universality and the like, and can be widely applied to the field of dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide.

Description

Nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-efficiency methane dry reforming catalyst, belonging to the fields of nano catalyst preparation process and industrial catalysis application. The preparation process has low cost and universality, and the prepared boron nitride-coated catalyst can effectively solve the problems of sintering and carbon deposition of active components in the dry reforming reaction of methane.
Background
As an important C1 resource, the effective utilization of methane can obviously improve the added value and meet the requirement of chemical production. Conversion of methane to synthesis gas (H) is commercially achieved primarily by methane reforming2CO) and then through a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process to produce the necessary chemicals and liquid fuels. Wherein, the methane dry reforming takes methane and carbon dioxide as raw materials, and synthesis gas is prepared by a catalyst method. Compared with wet reforming, the process does not consume water and has wide application prospect in some water-deficient areas. On the other hand, methane (CH)4) And carbon dioxide (CO)2) The method is also one of the main great causes of greenhouse effect, and the dry reforming of methane can effectively utilize the two raw materials to prepare the synthesis gas and has multiple application values. The catalyst is the core of the technology for preparing the synthesis gas by dry reforming the methane. Noble metal catalysts have high catalytic activity and stability, but their extensive use is limited by their expensive price. The nickel-based catalyst has catalytic activity similar to that of a noble metal catalyst, is low in price and has an industrial application prospect. However, nickel particles are easy to sinter and carbon deposit during the reaction process, which reduces the stability of the catalyst and limits the industrial application.
The oxide is the carrier of the nickel-based catalyst which is most widely applied, has mature preparation process and low price. However, the traditional metal oxide loaded nickel-based catalyst cannot well solve the problems of sintering and carbon deposition of active components of the catalyst. The method disclosed in patent document CN109967081A is complicated in preparation process, long in preparation time, and includes preparation steps with poor safety such as hydrothermal treatment. In the method disclosed in patent document CN109759074A, conventional gamma-Al is used2O3As a catalyst carrier and has simple preparation steps, but the method needs to use a noble metal RuO2As a synergistic component, it results in a high cost of catalyst preparation. The method disclosed in patent document CN110270377A is applicable only to silica supports, and the method is not universal. Patent document CN109718807A has developed a nickel-based catalyst suitable for a plurality of oxide carriers, but the surfactant used in the method is expensive, increasing the preparation cost of the catalyst. The method disclosed in patent document CN110813341A requires a microwave reactor for flash evaporation, and a special reactor is required to meet the technical requirements. Therefore, finding a low cost process that is suitable for use with widely used oxide support supported nickel-based catalysts remains a significant challenge.
In recent years, boron nitride has been regarded as a novel catalyst carrier because of its high thermal stability and chemical resistance. Some studies have shown that boron nitride supported nickel-based catalysts have some resistance to carbon deposition during the dry reforming reaction of methane. However, due to the chemical inertness of the boron nitride surface, the interaction force between the active metal and the carrier is weak, and the metallic nickel particles are easy to sinter during the reaction process, resulting in the loss of catalytic performance. Although the problem of sintering of the catalyst can be alleviated by a certain modification method, the modification method is complex and has high requirements on equipment, so that the method is not popularized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide, and a preparation method and application thereof. The constructed catalyst can effectively inhibit the problem of carbon deposition in the methane dry reaction process, and the boron nitride can effectively inhibit the migration of metal nickel after being coated, thereby inhibiting the metal sintering in the reaction process.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide is prepared by taking metal oxide as a carrier, loading metal nickel, and then coating boron nitride, so that a boron nitride protective layer is coated on the surface of the nickel-based catalyst loaded by the oxide to form the nickel-based catalyst composite material for dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide.
Preferably, the metal oxide is any one of zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide or a solid solution between the zirconium oxide and the lanthanum oxide.
Preferably, the boron nitride coated nickel-based catalyst is prepared by impregnating boric acid and urea and subjecting to calcination.
A preparation method of a nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide comprises the following process steps:
a. first-stage calcination:
ultrasonically dispersing a nickel precursor and a metal oxide in an aqueous solution, fully stirring, rotationally evaporating to remove a solvent of a suspension, drying in an oven at a temperature of not higher than 80 ℃, fully grinding the obtained solid, calcining in a muffle furnace for 3-4 hours in an air environment at a calcining temperature of 300-900 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-10 ℃/min to obtain solid powder;
b. and (3) second-stage calcination:
dispersing the solid powder obtained in the step a into an aqueous solution, adding boric acid and urea, fully stirring, performing rotary evaporation to remove a solvent, then drying in an oven at the temperature of not higher than 80 ℃, fully grinding the obtained solid, calcining in a muffle furnace for 3-5 hours in an inert gas environment at the calcining temperature of 800-1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-10 ℃/min to obtain a high-temperature calcined product;
c. high-temperature reduction activation treatment:
using hydrogen to perform temperature programmed reduction, and introducing 10 vol% H2/N2And c, controlling the aeration speed of the mixed gas to be not lower than 30mL/min, and heating and reducing the high-temperature calcined product prepared in the step b at the temperature of 700-800 ℃ for 0.5-1 h to obtain the activated coated nickel-based methane dry reforming catalyst composite material.
Preferably, in the step a, the metal oxide is any one of zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide or a solid solution between the zirconium oxide and the lanthanum oxide.
Preferably, in the step a, the nickel precursor is any one of nickel nitrate, nickel chloride, nickel acetate and nickel acetylacetonate or a mixture of any several of the nickel nitrate, the nickel chloride, the nickel acetate and the nickel acetylacetonate.
Preferably, in the step b, the mass ratio of the nickel precursor to the metal oxide is (0.47-0.55): 1.
preferably, in the step b, the molar ratio of the boric acid to the urea is 1: 20-1: 80.
Preferably, in the step b, the mass ratio of the boric acid to the metal oxide is 1:100 to 1: 10.
The invention relates to an application of a nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious and prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable advantages:
1. the invention designs and constructs a boron nitride coating strategy to modify the traditional metal oxide loaded nickel-based catalyst; by adopting the method of boric acid and urea impregnation and subsequent calcination, a boron nitride protective layer is coated on the surface of the nickel-based catalyst loaded by the oxide, so that the dual advantages of the oxide carrier and boron nitride are combined, and the problems of carbon deposition and sintering of the catalyst are solved;
2. the method has simple preparation steps, is widely suitable for the nickel-based catalyst loaded by the traditional oxide carrier, has excellent dry reforming activity and stability of methane, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a TEM photograph of a dry reforming catalyst for methane with a novel structure obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a TEM photograph of a dry reforming catalyst for methane with a novel structure obtained in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Is used forNickel-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide with metal oxide ZrO2As a carrier, metal nickel is loaded, and then boron nitride coating is carried out, so that a boron nitride protective layer is coated on the surface of the nickel-based catalyst loaded with the oxide, and the nickel-based catalyst composite material for the dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide is formed.
The preparation method of the nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide comprises the following process steps:
a. first-stage calcination:
0.55g of Ni (NO)3)2·6H2O and 1.0g of nano ZrO2Pouring the powder into a round-bottom flask, adding 80mL of deionized water, uniformly mixing by ultrasonic, fully stirring, evaporating to dryness by using a rotary evaporator at 45 ℃, removing the solvent of the suspension, collecting a powder sample, and placing the powder sample in a 60 ℃ forced air drying oven for drying overnight; then fully grinding the obtained solid, putting the solid into a quartz boat, calcining the solid in a muffle furnace for 3 hours at the temperature of 400 ℃ in the air atmosphere at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min to obtain NiO/ZrO2A solid powder;
b. and (3) second-stage calcination:
1.0g of the NiO/ZrO obtained in step a2Putting the solid powder, 3.26g of urea and 0.07g of boric acid in 100mL of deionized water, uniformly mixing by ultrasonic, fully stirring, evaporating to dryness by using a rotary evaporator at 45 ℃, removing a solvent of a suspension, collecting a powder sample, and putting the powder sample in a 60 ℃ forced air drying oven for overnight drying; then fully grinding the obtained solid, putting the solid into a quartz boat, calcining the solid for 5 hours in a muffle furnace at 900 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min to obtain a high-temperature calcined product NiO/ZrO2-BN；
c. High-temperature reduction activation treatment:
using hydrogen to perform temperature programmed reduction, and introducing 10 vol% H2/N2Mixing gas, controlling the aeration speed to be 30mL/min, and carrying out NiO/ZrO treatment on the high-temperature calcination product prepared in the step b at the temperature of 750 DEG C2And heating and reducing BN for 1h to obtain the activated nickel-based methane dry reforming catalyst composite material.
Experimental test analysis:
the micro observation of the composite material coated with the nickel-based methane dry reforming catalyst after activation in this example is shown in fig. 1, and fig. 1 is a TEM photograph of the methane dry reforming catalyst obtained in this example. At NiO/ZrO2The outside of the particles is coated with a boron nitride protective layer with the thickness of 1-10 nm.
The catalysts described above were tested for catalytic activity: 0.12g of the activated catalyst of 40-60 meshes and 0.6g of quartz sand are weighed and put into a fixed bed quartz tube reactor for catalyst performance test, CH4And CO2The flow is 25mL/min, the base line is taken at room temperature, and then the flow is switched to N2Raising the temperature to the target temperature, and finally switching to the reaction gas. The temperature range of the activity test is 450-750 ℃. CH at a temperature of 750 ℃4The conversion of (C) is finally stabilized at 75%, CO2The conversion rate of the catalyst can reach 82 percent. The catalyst stability test is carried out at a temperature of 750 ℃ and after 50h of stability test, CH4And CO2The conversion rates of the catalyst are still kept at 73 percent and 81 percent respectively, and the catalyst has good catalytic activity and can effectively inhibit the generation of carbon deposit.
Example 2
A nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide is prepared by taking metal oxide lanthanum oxide as a carrier, loading metal nickel, and then coating boron nitride, so that a boron nitride protective layer is coated on the surface of the nickel-based catalyst loaded by the oxide to form the nickel-based catalyst composite material for dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide.
The preparation method of the nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide comprises the following process steps:
a. first-stage calcination:
0.55gNi (NO)3)2·6H2Pouring O and 1.0g of nano lanthanum oxide powder into a round-bottom flask, then adding 80mL of deionized water, ultrasonically mixing uniformly, fully stirring, evaporating to dryness by using a rotary evaporator at the temperature of 45 ℃, removing the solvent of the suspension, collecting a powder sample, and placing the powder sample in a 60 ℃ forced air drying oven for overnight drying;then fully grinding the obtained solid, putting the solid into a quartz boat, calcining the solid in a muffle furnace for 3 hours at 550 ℃ in air atmosphere at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min to obtain NiO/La2O3A solid powder;
b. and (3) second-stage calcination:
1.0g of the NiO/La obtained in step a2O3Putting the solid powder, 3.26g of urea and 0.07g of boric acid in 100mL of deionized water, uniformly mixing by ultrasonic, fully stirring, evaporating to dryness by using a rotary evaporator at 45 ℃, removing a solvent of a suspension, collecting a powder sample, and putting the powder sample in a 60 ℃ forced air drying oven for overnight drying; then fully grinding the obtained solid, putting the solid into a quartz boat, calcining the solid in a muffle furnace for 5 hours at 900 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min to obtain a high-temperature calcined product NiO/La2O3-BN；
c. High-temperature reduction activation treatment:
using hydrogen to perform temperature programmed reduction, and introducing 10 vol% H2/N2Controlling the aeration speed of the mixed gas to be 30mL/min, and carrying out NiO/La treatment on the high-temperature calcination product prepared in the step b at the temperature of 750 DEG C2O3And heating and reducing BN for 1h to obtain the activated nickel-based methane dry reforming catalyst composite material.
Experimental test analysis:
the micro observation of the composite material coated with the nickel-based methane dry reforming catalyst after activation in this example is shown in fig. 2, and fig. 2 is a TEM photograph of the methane dry reforming catalyst with the new structure obtained in this example. In NiO/La2O3The outside of the particle is coated with a boron nitride protective layer with the thickness of 0.5-5 nm.
The catalysts described above were tested for catalytic activity: 0.12g (40-60 meshes) of the activated catalyst and 0.6g of quartz sand are weighed and put into a fixed bed quartz tube reactor for catalyst performance test, CH4And CO2The flow is 25mL/min, the gas base line is moved at room temperature, and then the flow is switched to N2Raising the temperature to the target temperature, and finally switching to the reaction gas activity test temperature range of 450-750 ℃. The catalyst has lower catalytic activity at the temperature of 450 ℃, and the temperature is 750 DEG CExhibits the highest catalytic activity at temperature, wherein CH4The conversion of (C) was finally stabilized at 70%, CO2The conversion rate of the catalyst can reach 76 percent.
Example 3
A nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide is prepared from ZrO as metal oxide2As a carrier, metal nickel is loaded, and then boron nitride coating is carried out, so that a boron nitride protective layer is coated on the surface of the nickel-based catalyst loaded with the oxide, and the nickel-based catalyst composite material for the dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide is formed.
The preparation method of the nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide comprises the following process steps:
a. first-stage calcination:
0.47gNi (CH)3COO)2·4H2O and 1.0g of nano ZrO2Pouring the powder into a round-bottom flask, adding 80mL of deionized water, uniformly mixing by ultrasonic, fully stirring, evaporating to dryness by using a rotary evaporator at 45 ℃, removing the solvent of the suspension, collecting a powder sample, and placing the powder sample in a 60 ℃ forced air drying oven for drying overnight; then fully grinding the obtained solid, putting the solid into a quartz boat, calcining the solid in a muffle furnace for 3 hours at the temperature of 400 ℃ in the air atmosphere at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min to obtain NiO/ZrO2A solid powder;
b. and (3) second-stage calcination:
1.0g of the NiO/ZrO obtained in step a2Putting the solid powder, 3.26g of urea and 0.07g of boric acid in 100mL of deionized water, uniformly mixing by ultrasonic, fully stirring, evaporating to dryness by using a rotary evaporator at 45 ℃, removing a solvent of a suspension, collecting a powder sample, and putting the powder sample in a 60 ℃ forced air drying oven for overnight drying; then fully grinding the obtained solid, putting the solid into a quartz boat, calcining the solid for 5 hours in a muffle furnace at 900 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min to obtain a high-temperature calcined product NiO/ZrO2-BN；
c. High-temperature reduction activation treatment:
using hydrogen to perform temperature programmed reduction, and introducing 10 vol% H2/N2Mixing gas, controlling the aeration speed to be 30mL/min, and carrying out NiO/ZrO treatment on the high-temperature calcination product prepared in the step b at the temperature of 750 DEG C2And heating and reducing BN for 1h to obtain the activated nickel-based methane dry reforming catalyst composite material.
Experimental test analysis:
the catalysts described above were tested for catalytic activity: 0.12g (40-60 meshes) of the activated catalyst and 0.6g of quartz sand are weighed and put into a fixed bed quartz tube reactor for catalyst performance test, CH4And CO2The flow is 25mL/min, the base line is taken at room temperature, and then the flow is switched to N2Raising the temperature to the target temperature, and finally switching to the reaction gas. The temperature range of the activity test is 450-750 ℃. CH at a temperature of 750 ℃4The conversion of (C) finally stabilized at 78%, CO2The conversion rate of the catalyst can reach 85 percent. The catalyst stability test is carried out at a temperature of 750 ℃ and after 20h of stability test, CH4And CO2The conversion rates of the catalyst are still respectively maintained at 77% and 83%, and the catalyst has good catalytic activity and can effectively inhibit the generation of carbon deposition.
In summary, the above examples use metal oxides such as zirconia and lanthana as carriers, and prepare the boron nitride coated nickel-based catalyst by impregnating boric acid and urea and calcining. The prepared catalyst combines the advantages of boron nitride and metal oxide, has high-dispersion active metal, and has excellent anti-carbon deposition and anti-sintering performance. The method is widely applicable to nickel-based catalysts loaded by various metal oxide carriers and has certain universality. The method has the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost, universality and the like, and can be widely applied to the field of dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made according to the purpose of the invention, and any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations or simplifications made according to the spirit and principle of the technical solution of the present invention shall be equivalent substitutions, as long as the purpose of the present invention is met, and the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the technical principle and inventive concept of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A nickel-based catalyst for use in dry reforming reactions of methane and carbon dioxide, characterized by: the method comprises the steps of taking metal oxide as a carrier, loading metal nickel, and then coating boron nitride, so that a boron nitride protective layer is coated on the surface of a nickel-based catalyst loaded with the metal oxide, and the nickel-based catalyst composite material for the dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide is formed.
2. The nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the metal oxide adopts any one of zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide or solid solution between the zirconium oxide and the lanthanum oxide.
3. The nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the boron nitride coated nickel-based catalyst is prepared by impregnating boric acid and urea and calcining.
4. A method for preparing a nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, characterized by the following process steps:
a. first-stage calcination:
ultrasonically dispersing a nickel precursor and a metal oxide in an aqueous solution, fully stirring, rotationally evaporating to remove a solvent of a suspension, drying in an oven at a temperature of not higher than 80 ℃, fully grinding the obtained solid, calcining in a muffle furnace for 3-4 hours in an air environment at a calcining temperature of 300-900 ℃ at a heating rate of 1-10 ℃/min to obtain solid powder;
b. and (3) second-stage calcination:
dispersing the solid powder obtained in the step a into an aqueous solution, adding boric acid and urea, fully stirring, performing rotary evaporation to remove a solvent, then drying in an oven at the temperature of not higher than 80 ℃, fully grinding the obtained solid, calcining in a muffle furnace for 3-5 hours in an inert gas environment at the calcining temperature of 800-1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-10 ℃/min to obtain a high-temperature calcined product;
c. high-temperature reduction activation treatment:
using hydrogen to perform temperature programmed reduction, and introducing 10 vol% H2/N2And c, controlling the aeration speed of the mixed gas to be not lower than 30mL/min, and heating and reducing the high-temperature calcined product prepared in the step b at the temperature of 700-800 ℃ for 0.5-1 h to obtain the activated coated nickel-based methane dry reforming catalyst composite material.
5. The method for preparing a nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide as set forth in claim 4, wherein: in the step a, the metal oxide adopts any one of zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide or a solid solution between the zirconium oxide and the lanthanum oxide.
6. The method for preparing a nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide as set forth in claim 4, wherein: in the step a, the nickel precursor is any one or a mixture of any several of nickel nitrate, nickel chloride, nickel acetate and nickel acetylacetonate.
7. The method for preparing a nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide as set forth in claim 4, wherein: in the step b, the mass ratio of the nickel precursor to the metal oxide is (0.47-0.55): 1.
8. the method for preparing a nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide as set forth in claim 4, wherein: in the step b, the molar ratio of the boric acid to the urea is 1: 20-1: 80.
9. The method for preparing a nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide as set forth in claim 4, wherein: in the step b, the mass ratio of the boric acid to the metal oxide is 1: 100-1: 10.
10. Use of a nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the nickel-based catalyst composite material is used for dry reforming reaction of methane and carbon dioxide.
CN202110154538.8A 2021-02-04 2021-02-04 Nickel-based catalyst for dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN113000059A (en)

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