CN112998851A - High-flexibility low-loss ablation laser catheter for coronary heart disease treatment - Google Patents
High-flexibility low-loss ablation laser catheter for coronary heart disease treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112998851A CN112998851A CN202110219298.5A CN202110219298A CN112998851A CN 112998851 A CN112998851 A CN 112998851A CN 202110219298 A CN202110219298 A CN 202110219298A CN 112998851 A CN112998851 A CN 112998851A
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- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 208000029078 coronary artery disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013308 plastic optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002224 dissection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007674 radiofrequency ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B18/24—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor with a catheter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B18/24—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor with a catheter
- A61B18/245—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor with a catheter for removing obstructions in blood vessels or calculi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
- A61B2018/00345—Vascular system
- A61B2018/00351—Heart
- A61B2018/00386—Coronary vessels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B2018/2244—Features of optical fibre cables, e.g. claddings
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Public Health (AREA)
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- Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
- Laser Surgery Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field related to medical instruments, and discloses a high-flexibility low-loss laser catheter for ablation for coronary heart disease treatment. The catheter is internally provided with a laser transmission catheter and a lining tube, wherein the laser transmission catheter and the lining tube are arranged side by side, a metal guide wire penetrates through the lining tube, and the metal guide wire is used for drawing the catheter to move; the laser transmission conduit is used as a transmission conduit of laser and comprises optical windows arranged at the head end and the tail end of the laser transmission conduit and a pipe cavity closed between the optical windows, and the laser enters from the optical window at one end, is transmitted through a fiber core in the pipe cavity and is emitted from the optical window at the other end. The invention reduces the bending energy loss and the energy transmission filling rate loss of the laser in the blood vessel, has good structural compatibility and strong practicability, and is suitable for medical scenes of intravascular ablation operations such as coronary heart disease and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a high-flexibility low-loss laser catheter for ablation for coronary heart disease treatment.
Background
In the treatment of coronary heart disease, there are currently a number of methods of ablation for diseased tissue plaques, including: (1) radiofrequency ablation is a method of necrosis of tissue by the thermal effect of radiofrequency current, the working temperature of which is controlled at 37-55 ℃, which allows the tissue to be coagulated and necrotized, but does not liquefy and remove it; (2) microwave ablation is a method for rapidly generating heat to necrotize tissues by utilizing high-frequency electromagnetic waves to act on the tissues, has the characteristic of rapid temperature rise, but is easy to damage surrounding tissues; (3) rotary cutting or grinding of tissue is a physical cutting method that can remove tissue but is prone to vascular perforation and dissection; (4) a laser ablation technique, which is characterized in that a laser transmission catheter is inserted into a blood vessel to act on a tissue target so as to achieve the purpose of ablating pathological tissues.
The laser ablation technology adopts a catheter to transmit laser at present, and when the method is used for ablating tissues, a certain energy loss problem exists, the effect of the common quartz optical fiber catheter used in the current operation in the bent blood vessel is poor, and the liquid core optical fiber catheter with better bending performance has the problem of larger energy transmission loss.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects or improvement needs in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-flexibility low-loss ablation laser catheter for coronary heart disease treatment, wherein the overall layout and the structural design of key components, especially the design of a fiber core and a catheter, are adopted to achieve the purpose of reducing the bending energy loss and the energy transmission filling rate loss of laser in a blood vessel, and reduce the optical fiber transmission loss. The invention has simple structure, good compatibility with the original structure and strong practicability, and is suitable for medical scenes such as intravascular ablation operations of coronary heart disease and the like.
In order to achieve the above objects, according to the present invention, there is provided a high-flexibility low-loss laser catheter for ablation for coronary heart disease treatment, in which a laser delivery catheter and a liner tube are provided, wherein,
the laser transmission catheter and the lining tube are arranged side by side, a metal guide wire penetrates through the lining tube, and the metal guide wire is used for drawing the laser catheter to move to a focus area;
the laser transmission conduit is used as a transmission conduit of laser and comprises optical windows arranged at the head end and the tail end of the laser transmission conduit and a pipe cavity closed between the optical windows, and the laser enters from the optical window at one end, is transmitted through a fiber core in the pipe cavity and is emitted from the optical window at the other end.
Further preferably, the cavity is a hollow structure or other anti-resonance hollow structure which is easy to conduct laser energy, and the cavity is vacuum or filled with gas or liquid.
Further preferably, the inner surface of the laser transmission conduit is coated with a coating layer, and when ultraviolet light is transmitted in the laser transmission conduit, the coating layer is made of aluminum.
Further preferably, a catheter sheath is arranged outside the laser catheter and covers the laser transmission catheter and the lining tube, and the catheter sheath can be made of any plastic material which is nontoxic and bioactive and soft in texture.
Further preferably, the material of the optical window is a polymer optical fiber.
Further preferably, the lining tube is made of stainless steel or other metal materials or plastics without biotoxicity and bioactivity.
Further preferably, the metal guide wire is made of food-grade stainless steel or other metal materials without biotoxicity and bioactivity, and the diameter of the metal guide wire is 0.008inch to 0.014 inch.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the high-flexibility low-loss ablation laser catheter provided by the invention adopts the special-structure fiber core, compared with the existing optical fiber transmission, the filling rate of the special-structure fiber core laser transmission catheter is high, and meanwhile, when the catheter is bent, the fiber core cannot stab and damage the inner wall of the laser transmission catheter, so that laser can be totally reflected in the laser transmission process, the bending energy loss and the energy transmission filling rate loss are reduced, and the transmission efficiency of ablation laser in blood is improved;
2. compared with the existing optical fiber core, the fiber core adopted by the invention has better bending flexibility, is easy to pass through a bent blood vessel to reach a focus in an operation, and improves the ablation effect of laser on a lesion target tissue; the invention has simple structure, good compatibility with the original structure and strong practicability, and is suitable for medical scenes of intravascular ablation operations such as coronary heart disease and the like;
3. compared with the common optical fiber, the optical fiber has better flexibility, can be easily bent without being damaged when passing through a blood vessel, and realizes the ablation of the blood vessel tissue with excellent operability and low loss rate;
4. the catheter and the fiber core are designed, so that the catheter is convenient to manufacture and use, has good compatibility with the original device, is convenient to improve the existing device, and improves the operation effect of the vascular ablation operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high flexibility low loss laser catheter for ablation constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:
1-laser transmission catheter, 2-lining tube, 3-metal guide wire, 4-catheter sheath, 5-optical window, 6-lumen and 7-coating layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in figure 1, the high-flexibility low-loss laser catheter for ablation for coronary heart disease treatment comprises a metal guide wire 3, an inner lining tube 2, a catheter outer skin 4, a laser transmission catheter 1 and an optical window 5.
The metal guide wire 3 is communicated in the cavity of the lining pipe 2, the catheter outer skin 4 is tubular and is provided with two holes, and the lining pipe 2 and the laser transmission catheter 1 are respectively coated by the two holes; the head and the end of the laser transmission conduit 1 are both closed by an optical window 5; the inner wall of the tube body of the laser transmission catheter 1 is coated with a coating layer 7, and the interior of the tube body is vacuum or filled with gas or liquid for transmitting laser.
Further, the metal guide wire 3 is made of food grade stainless steel, and the diameter thereof is preferably 0.008inch to 0.014 inch.
Further, the lining tube 2 is arranged in the hole of the catheter outer skin 4, and the metal guide wire 3 penetrates through the lining tube without tolerance fit.
Furthermore, the catheter sheath 4 is tubular, the cross section of the catheter sheath is provided with two holes, one hole is internally provided with the lining pipe 2, the other hole is internally provided with the laser transmission catheter 1, the two holes are tightly coated, and the catheter sheath can be made of any plastic material which has no biological toxicity and biological activity and soft texture.
Further, the laser delivery catheter 1 is cylindrical, and the laser delivery catheter 1 penetrates into the catheter sheath 4. The both ends of laser transmission pipe 1 are sealed by optical window 5, form cylindrical cavity, this cylindrical cavity length is very long, for the major structure of this pipe shaft, for the conduction melts and uses laser, the lumen structure is hollow structure or other anti-resonance hollow structure who easily conducts laser, the cavity is the vacuum, or according to the difference of use occasion, gas filling or liquid, laser transmission pipe 1 cavity inner wall coating has metal coating 7, in laser ablation's application occasion, used light source is ultraviolet light source, coating 7 materials are metallic aluminum, the absorption rate of aluminium to the ultraviolet light is minimum.
Further, the optical window 5 is made of polymer optical fiber for sealing the cavity formed by the laser transmission conduit. The medium used for transmitting the laser beams at the head end and the tail end of the conduit is common quartz optical fiber, the long part in the middle is special hollow structure optical fiber for transmitting laser, and the conduit in the length section has the characteristics of high transmission efficiency and good bending performance.
The catheter structure is designed, so that the purposes of reducing the bending energy loss and the energy transmission filling rate loss of laser in blood vessels are achieved, and the transmission efficiency and effect of the catheter in blood are further improved.
In this embodiment, the assembly method of the device is to wrap the lining tube 2 and the laser transmission catheter 1 with the catheter sheath 4, mount the optical windows 5 at both ends of the laser transmission catheter 1, and finally insert the metal guide wire 3 into the lining tube, and the disassembly method is the reverse process of the assembly process, and thus will not be described again.
In this embodiment, the outside of the optical window of the head of the laser transmission catheter is aligned with the focal region to irradiate laser, and the tail end of the laser transmission catheter is outside the human body and connected with a common quartz optical fiber catheter. In order to facilitate the holding and operation of the catheter in the operation, the rear end of the common quartz catheter can be provided with a built-in directional handle, a grip and other parts in a matching way after the common quartz catheter is connected, and the additional parts are all the existing products, so the description is omitted. When the operator performs the operation, the operator holds the directional handle, and adjusts the position and the feeding amount of the device according to the image presented on the computer.
When the endovascular ablation operation is carried out, a metal guide wire is firstly penetrated into a blood vessel, so that the head reaches a focus area; and then the catheter sheath with the laser transmission catheter is pushed into the blood vessel along the metal guide wire, so that the end head of the laser transmission catheter reaches the lesion area to ablate the lesion tissue.
When laser enters the optical window, the laser is transmitted through the fiber core to reach the optical window at the other end and is emitted from the optical window at the other end, and the laser irradiates on a focus area to melt tissues so as to finish treatment of the focus area.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A high-flexibility low-loss ablation laser catheter for coronary heart disease treatment is characterized in that a laser transmission catheter (1) and a lining tube (2) are arranged in the laser catheter, wherein,
the laser transmission catheter (1) and the lining tube (2) are arranged side by side, a metal guide wire (3) penetrates through the lining tube (2), and the metal guide wire (3) is used for drawing the laser catheter to move to a focus area;
the laser transmission conduit (1) is used as a transmission conduit of laser and comprises optical windows (5) arranged at the head end and the tail end of the laser transmission conduit and a pipe cavity (6) sealed between the optical windows, and the laser enters from the optical window at one end, is transmitted through a fiber core in the pipe cavity and is emitted from the optical window at the other end.
2. The high-flexibility low-loss ablation laser catheter for coronary heart disease treatment is characterized in that a hollow structure or other anti-resonant hollow structures which are easy to conduct laser energy are arranged in the lumen (6), and the cavity is vacuum or filled with gas or liquid.
3. The high-flexibility low-loss ablation laser catheter for coronary heart disease treatment is characterized in that the inner surface of the cavity of the laser transmission catheter (1) is coated with a coating layer (7), and when ultraviolet light is transmitted in the laser transmission catheter (1), the material of the coating layer (7) is aluminum.
4. The high flexibility low loss ablative laser catheter for coronary heart disease treatment of claim 1, characterized by that, the outside of said laser catheter is provided with a catheter sheath (4) which encases said laser transmission catheter and said inner liner tube, the catheter sheath material is a plastic material which is non-biotoxicity and bioactivity and soft in texture.
5. The high-flexibility low-loss ablation laser catheter for coronary heart disease treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of the optical window is polymer optical fiber.
6. The high-flexibility low-loss ablation laser catheter for coronary heart disease treatment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the lining tube (2) is made of stainless steel material or other nonbiotoxic and bioactive metal material or plastic.
7. The high-flexibility low-loss ablation laser catheter for coronary heart disease treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metal guide wire (3) is made of food grade stainless steel or other metal materials without biotoxicity and bioactivity, and the diameter of the metal guide wire is 0.008inch to 0.016 inch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110219298.5A CN112998851A (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2021-02-26 | High-flexibility low-loss ablation laser catheter for coronary heart disease treatment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110219298.5A CN112998851A (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2021-02-26 | High-flexibility low-loss ablation laser catheter for coronary heart disease treatment |
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| CN112998851A true CN112998851A (en) | 2021-06-22 |
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| CN202110219298.5A Pending CN112998851A (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2021-02-26 | High-flexibility low-loss ablation laser catheter for coronary heart disease treatment |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114469338A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-05-13 | 深圳市中科微光医疗器械技术有限公司 | Laser ablation catheter and laser ablation system |
| CN114601558A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-10 | 华中科技大学 | Laser ablation catheter with variable optical fiber spiral angle |
| CN118320146A (en) * | 2024-06-14 | 2024-07-12 | 北京首量科技股份有限公司 | Optical system for disinfecting inner cavity |
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| CN114469338A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-05-13 | 深圳市中科微光医疗器械技术有限公司 | Laser ablation catheter and laser ablation system |
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