CN112995057B - Maximum transmission rate determining method, maximum transmission rate determining device, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Maximum transmission rate determining method, maximum transmission rate determining device, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a method, a device, electronic equipment and a storage medium for determining a maximum transmission rate, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the bandwidth and the time delay of each node; calculating the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system according to the bandwidth; determining the maximum sending rate of each node according to the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system; determining the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system according to the maximum sending rate, the bandwidth and the time delay of each node; and determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system. The maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is obtained when the throughput of the distributed system is maximum and the transmission delay is minimum, so that when each node transmits data in the consensus protocol according to the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes, the consensus protocol can realize high throughput and low delay.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of data transmission technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for determining a maximum transmission rate, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
In distributed systems, especially in the consensus protocol and data synchronization transmission of blockchain systems, often involving numerous nodes in different geographical areas, data needs to be multicast to a group of recipients. That is, each node broadcasts an unlimited data stream to all other participating nodes.
Each node in the network is associated with an uplink capacity that limits the overall throughput of outbound flows to other nodes, as the number of nodes in the distributed network increases, the share of the initiator's available uplink capacity per transmission decreases, and the transmitted data may be arbitrarily delayed due to the asynchronous nature of the distributed system, making it difficult for the consensus protocol to achieve high throughput and low delay.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for determining a maximum transmission rate, electronic equipment and a storage medium, which can effectively solve the problem that a consensus protocol is difficult to realize high throughput and low delay.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a maximum transmission rate determining method, including: acquiring the bandwidth and the time delay of each node in the distributed system; calculating a maximum value of throughput of the distributed system according to the bandwidth; determining the maximum sending rate of each node according to the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system; determining the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system according to the maximum sending rate, the bandwidth and the time delay of each node; and determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system.
According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a maximum transmission rate determination apparatus, including: the acquisition module is used for acquiring the bandwidth and the time delay of each node in the distributed system; a first calculation module for calculating a maximum value of throughput of the distributed system according to the bandwidth; the first determining module is used for determining the maximum sending rate of each node according to the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system; the second calculation module is used for determining the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system according to the maximum sending rate, the bandwidth and the time delay of each node; and the second determining module is used for determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system.
According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided an electronic device comprising one or more processors; a memory; one or more applications, wherein the one or more applications are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs configured to perform the method as applied to an electronic device, as described above.
According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having a program code stored therein, wherein the method described above is performed when the program code runs.
By adopting the maximum transmission rate determining method provided by the embodiment of the application, the bandwidth and the time delay of each node are obtained; calculating a maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system according to the bandwidth; determining the maximum sending rate of each node according to the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system; and determining the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system according to the maximum sending rate, the bandwidth and the time delay of each node, and determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system. The maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is obtained when the throughput of the distributed system is maximum and the transmission delay is minimum, so that when each node transmits data in the consensus protocol according to the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes, the consensus protocol can realize high throughput and low delay.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic application environment diagram of a maximum transmission rate determining method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a maximum transmission rate determining method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a maximum transmission rate determining method according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a maximum transmission rate determining method according to still another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of a maximum transmission rate determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of an electronic device for executing a maximum transmission rate determining method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
State Machine Replication (SMR) is a mature technique to build fault tolerant distributed systems. By having a set of replicated state machines collectively act as a server, services can continue to run when certain machines fail. In SMR, each state machine executes an unrestricted sequence of commands to update the current state. In order for the server state to remain consistent between copies, all replicated state machines must execute the same sequence of commands. To address this challenging problem, the duplicate state machines communicate according to a specific consensus protocol to agree on a single sequence of commands to be executed. Due to the asynchronous nature of the system, messages may be delayed arbitrarily, processes may become slow arbitrarily, and copies of the duplicate state machine may not always be in the exact same state.
In the existing typical blockchain system, massive consensus is required, and numerous nodes in different geographic areas are involved. Both the consensus protocol and the blockchain system require multicasting of data to a group of recipients. After receiving a client request, the copy will broadcast a message with a command to all other copies and submit the request after receiving a certain number of responses. This communication mode can be abstracted as a full data transmission, where each node in the system broadcasts an unlimited stream of data to all other participating nodes. Assuming that each node in the network is associated with an uplink capacity that limits the overall throughput of outbound flows to other nodes, as the number of copies increases, the share of the initiator's available uplink capacity per transmission decreases. Resulting in consensus protocols that are difficult to achieve with high throughput and low latency.
The inventor finds in research that data streams can be partitioned at a sending end, that is, an actual sending rate of each node when the throughput of a distributed system is maximum is determined, and each stream partition is broadcasted by using different tree coverage, and meanwhile, network delay during data transmission is reduced by using only shallow tree coverage, so that the consensus protocol achieves high throughput and low delay, and adaptability and elasticity of the consensus protocol to node loads are improved.
Therefore, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining a maximum transmission rate, which obtains a bandwidth and a time delay of each node; calculating a maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system according to the bandwidth; determining the maximum sending rate of each node according to the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system; and determining the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system according to the maximum sending rate, the bandwidth and the time delay of each node, and determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system. The maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is obtained when the throughput of the distributed system is maximum and the transmission delay is minimum, so that when each node transmits data in the consensus protocol according to the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes, the consensus protocol can realize high throughput and low delay.
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the following further detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings makes it clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and are not exhaustive of all embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic application environment diagram of a maximum transmission rate determining method according to an embodiment of the present application, where the application environment 10 includes an electronic device 20 and a plurality of nodes 30 in a distributed system, where all of the plurality of nodes 30 are distributed nodes, the electronic device 20 may communicate with the plurality of nodes 30, where the plurality of nodes 30 form the distributed system, and the distributed system may be a block chain.
The electronic device 20 may be a controller in a distributed system, where the controller may be a contract account, a proprietary account, or a designated node of the distributed system, and an intelligent contract is stored in the controller, and a method for determining a maximum transmission rate may be implemented based on the intelligent contract, and specifically, the electronic device 20 may be flexibly set according to actual needs, and is not specifically limited herein.
The electronic device 20 may communicate with the plurality of nodes 30 to obtain the bandwidth and latency of each node. As an embodiment, the plurality of nodes 30 may each transmit their own bandwidth and latency to the electronic device 20.
After the electronic device 20 receives the bandwidth and the delay of each node 30, the electronic device 20 may calculate the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system according to the bandwidth reported by each node 30; and determining the maximum sending rate of each node according to the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system. After the maximum sending rate of each node is obtained, the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system can be determined by using the maximum sending rate, the bandwidth and the delay of each node, and the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is continuously determined according to the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system.
The nodes 30 can perform data transmission with each other, and the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is obtained when the throughput of the distributed system is maximum and the transmission delay of the distributed system is minimum, so that when each node performs data transmission according to the maximum transmission rate, the consensus protocol can realize high throughput and low delay.
For example, the plurality of nodes 30 includes node 1, node 2, and node 3, and if the maximum transmission rate between node 1 and node 2 is determined to be X and the maximum transmission rate between node 1 and node 3 is determined to be Y, the electronic device 20 may transmit the maximum transmission rate to node 1, such that when node 1 transmits data to node 2, the rate is X, and when node 1 transmits data to node 3, the rate is Y.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a maximum transmission rate determining method provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the maximum transmission rate determining method is applicable to an electronic device in the foregoing application environment 10, where the electronic device may be a controller in a distributed system, specifically, a designated node, a contract account, or a proprietary account, and the electronic device may implement the maximum transmission rate determining method based on an intelligent contract, and the method may specifically include the following steps.
And step 110, acquiring the bandwidth and the time delay of each node.
The bandwidth may be an uplink network bandwidth of each node, a downlink network bandwidth of each node, an uplink network bandwidth actually used by each node, or a downlink network bandwidth actually used by each node.
The delay may be the transmission delay of all transmission paths that can be detected by each node. For example, node 1 may perform data transmission with node 2 and node 3, and the transmission path detected by node 1 may be from node 1 to node 2 and from node 1 to node 3. The delay of node 1 may be the transmission delay of node 1 to node 2 and the transmission delay of node 1 to node 3.
When the electronic device obtains the bandwidth and the time delay of each node, the bandwidth and the time delay may be actively reported by each node. In some embodiments, when acquiring the bandwidth and the time delay of each node, an acquisition request may be first sent to each node, and when each node receives the acquisition request, bandwidth and time delay are sent to the electronic device in response to the acquisition request.
In other embodiments, each node may report the bandwidth and the delay of the node at preset time intervals. That is, after each node sends its corresponding bandwidth and delay to the electronic device, the node sends its corresponding bandwidth and delay to the electronic device again after a preset time interval.
Therefore, the electronic device can acquire the bandwidth and the time delay of each node, and if n nodes exist in the distributed system, the electronic device can acquire the bandwidth and the time delay of the n nodes.
And 120, calculating the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system according to the bandwidth.
After the bandwidth and the time delay reported by each node are obtained, the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system can be calculated according to the obtained bandwidth and the obtained time delay. And the throughput of the distributed system is the sum of the actual sending rates of all the nodes in the distributed system. Therefore, when the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system is obtained through calculation, the actual sending rate corresponding to each node can be obtained.
Certain constraints are typically required to be met when computing the maximum value of throughput for a distributed system. If a first objective function is defined to represent the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system, the constraint condition required to be met when the first objective function is calculated is a first constraint condition. The electronic device may determine the first constraint condition according to the acquired bandwidth; and solving a first objective function under the first constraint condition.
When the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system is obtained through calculation, that is, when the value of the first objective function is obtained through solution, the actual sending rate of each node in the first objective function may be obtained as the maximum sending rate of each node.
And 150, determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system.
And obtaining the actual sending rate of each node when the maximum sending rate of each node is the maximum throughput of the distributed system. That is, when each node performs data transmission according to the maximum sending rate, the system can achieve the maximum throughput. When each node performs data transmission, the node may transmit data to a different node, so that a plurality of different transmission paths may exist correspondingly, and therefore, when any two nodes perform data transmission, a corresponding transmission rate may be determined, which may also be understood as a transmission rate of each stream.
Because the actual sending rate of each node is obtained when the throughput of the system is maximum, the maximum sending rate between any two nodes can be calculated based on the maximum sending rate of each node, so that the maximum throughput of the system can be realized when the nodes transmit data according to the maximum sending rate. Since the network delay is not negligible, it is also desirable to control the transmission delay of the distributed system to a minimum. Therefore, when the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system is obtained through calculation, the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes can be obtained.
When calculating the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system, certain constraint conditions are generally required to be satisfied. And if a second objective function is defined to represent the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system, the constraint condition required to be met is a second constraint condition when the second objective function is calculated. Then a second constraint may be determined based on the maximum transmission rate and bandwidth of the respective node; and solving a second objective function under the second constraint condition.
When the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system is obtained through calculation, that is, when the value of the second objective function is obtained through solution, the sending rate of each stream in the second objective function can be obtained as the maximum sending rate between any two nodes.
In some embodiments, after calculating the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes, the electronic device may send the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes to each node, so that each node may transmit data according to the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes after receiving the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes. Specifically, a routing path exists between any two nodes, and the routing path may be a single physical link or a multi-hop logical link. Any two nodes can transmit data through the routing path, and when data transmission is carried out, the data are transmitted according to the maximum transmission rate, so that high throughput and low delay of the system can be realized.
And after the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is sent to each node, each node transmits data according to the maximum transmission rate. However, since the network environment is changing, the number of nodes in the distributed system, the connection relationship between nodes, the delay and bandwidth of each node may change, and therefore, it is difficult to maintain the high throughput and low delay of the consensus protocol when data transmission is continued at the maximum transmission rate. In order to ensure that the consensus protocol can maintain high throughput and low delay, after the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is sent to each node, preset parameters of the distributed system can be obtained, wherein the preset parameters include one or more of the following: the number of nodes, the total amount of network bandwidth and the transmission delay of a distributed system; and calculating the variable quantity of the preset parameter, and returning to the step of acquiring the bandwidth and the time delay of each node when the variable quantity of the preset parameter exceeds a preset threshold value until the step of determining the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system by utilizing the maximum sending rate, the bandwidth and the time delay of each node to obtain the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes. That is, when the variation of the preset parameter exceeds the preset threshold, step 110 to step 150 are executed again, and the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is determined again according to the above steps, so as to ensure that the consensus protocol can achieve high throughput and low delay.
As an implementation manner, when the variation of the preset parameter is calculated after the preset parameter of the system is acquired, the variation of the preset parameter may be obtained by subtracting the acquired preset parameter from the preset parameter corresponding to the calculation of the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes. And when the variable quantity is larger than a preset threshold value, recalculating the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes. For example, when the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is calculated, the value of the corresponding preset parameter is 3, the value of the obtained preset parameter is 6, and the preset threshold is 2, then the variation of the preset parameter is 3, and the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes needs to be recalculated.
As another embodiment, when obtaining the preset parameter of the system and calculating the variation of the preset parameter, the obtained preset parameter may be subtracted from the preset parameter corresponding to the calculation of the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes, and a ratio of the difference to the preset parameter corresponding to the calculation of the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is calculated, and the ratio is used as the variation of the preset parameter. For example, when the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is calculated, the value of the corresponding preset parameter is 4, the value of the preset parameter obtained this time is 6, and the preset threshold is 10%, then the variation of the preset parameter is (6-4)/4 =25%, and exceeds the preset threshold by 10%, the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes needs to be recalculated.
It can be understood that the preset parameters may be the number of nodes, the total amount of network bandwidth, and the transmission delay of the distributed system, and different preset parameters may be correspondingly set with different preset thresholds. As an embodiment, when the variation of any one of the preset parameters exceeds the corresponding preset threshold, the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes may be recalculated. As another embodiment, the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes may be recalculated when the variation of each of the plurality of preset parameters exceeds the corresponding preset threshold. It should be noted that the preset parameters and the preset threshold may be set according to actual needs, and are not specifically limited herein.
The method for determining the maximum transmission rate obtains the bandwidth and the time delay of each node; calculating a maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system according to the bandwidth; determining the maximum sending rate of each node according to the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system; and determining the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system according to the maximum sending rate, the bandwidth and the time delay of each node, and determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system. The maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is obtained when the throughput of the distributed system is maximum and the transmission delay is minimum, so that when each node transmits data in the consensus protocol according to the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes, the consensus protocol can realize high throughput and low delay.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart of a maximum transmission rate determining method according to another embodiment of the present application, and the process of calculating the maximum throughput of the distributed system to obtain the maximum sending rate of each node is described in detail on the basis of the foregoing embodiment.
And step 210, acquiring the bandwidth and the time delay of each node.
Step 210 may refer to corresponding parts of the foregoing embodiments, and will not be described herein.
And 230, solving the first objective function under the first constraint condition.
In the obtained bandwidth and the obtained time delay, the bandwidth includes an uplink network bandwidth of each node, a downlink network bandwidth of each node, an uplink network bandwidth actually used by each node, and a downlink network bandwidth actually used by each node. A first constraint may be determined based on the bandwidth.
The first objective function, i.e. the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system, can be expressed as the following expression:
the first constraint includes:
wherein the Rate in the first objective functioniRepresenting the actual sending rate of node i. In a first constraint determined according to the bandwidth, RateiIndicates the actual sending rate, Index, of node iu(i) Indicates the actually used upstream network bandwidth, Cap, of node iu(i) Representing the upstream network bandwidth, Rate, of node ijRepresenting the downlink rate of the node j; indexd(i) Indicates the actual used downlink network bandwidth, Cap, of node id(i) The downlink network bandwidth of the node i is shown, and n is the number of nodes of the distributed system.
In some embodiments, the Rate isiOr the uplink Rate of the node ijRepresenting the reception rate of node i.
In the first constraint, Ratei≤Indexu(i)Capu(i) ∀ i:1 ≦ i ≦ n, indicating that the upload rate of a single node does not exceed the available uplink bandwidth. Note that the Rate isiMay be the actual sending rate of the node, which may be understood as the upload rate of the node, whereby the upload rate of any one node in the distributed system does not exceed the available upstream bandwidth. Indexu(i) And Capu(i) Can be derived from the acquired bandwidth.
Based on the first constraint, the first objective function may be solved, so that a maximum value of throughput of the distributed system may be obtained.
And 240, determining the maximum sending rate of each node according to the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system.
And based on the first constraint condition, when the value of the first objective function is obtained through solving, the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system is obtained. Thereby obtaining the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system, obtaining the Rate in the first objective functioniIs the maximum sending rate of each node.
And step 250, determining the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system according to the maximum sending rate, the bandwidth and the time delay of each node.
And step 260, determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system.
Step 250 and step 260 can refer to the corresponding parts of the previous embodiments, and are not described herein again.
According to the method for determining the maximum transmission rate, a first constraint condition is determined according to the bandwidth, and the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system is calculated based on the first constraint condition; and when the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system is obtained, acquiring the actual sending rate of each node as the maximum sending rate of each node. And after the maximum sending rate is obtained through calculation, calculating the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system by using the maximum sending rate, the bandwidth and the delay of each node to obtain the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes, and then sending the maximum transmission rate to each node to instruct each node to carry out data transmission according to the maximum transmission rate. The maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is obtained when the throughput of the distributed system is maximum and the transmission delay of the distributed system is minimum, so that when each node transmits data in the consensus protocol according to the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes, the consensus protocol can realize high throughput and low delay.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flowchart of a maximum transmission rate determining method according to still another embodiment of the present application, and a process of determining a minimum value of transmission delay of a distributed system by using a maximum sending rate, a bandwidth, and a delay of each node to obtain a maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is described in detail on the basis of the foregoing embodiment.
The corresponding parts of the foregoing embodiments can be referred to in steps 310 to 330, which are not described herein again.
And 350, solving a second objective function under the second constraint condition.
The maximum sending rate of each node is the actual sending rate of each corresponding node when the throughput of the distributed system is the maximum value. In order to ensure that the throughput of the system can reach the maximum value, the transmission rate of each flow may be calculated based on the maximum sending rate of each node, where the transmission rate of each flow may be understood as a corresponding transmission rate when each node performs data transmission in different transmission paths. Specifically, a second constraint condition may be determined based on the maximum transmission rate and the bandwidth of each node, and a second objective function may be solved based on the second constraint condition.
The second objective function, i.e. the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system, can be expressed as the following expression:
wherein, said O isi,jThe overlay Tree Path, latency (O), representing the data sent by node i to node ji,j) Representing the propagation delay, Rate, of the paths i to ji,jRepresenting the actual transmission rate of data from node i to node j. latency (O)i,j) Can be derived from the obtained time delay.
The second constraint includes:
wherein, Ratei,jRepresenting the actual transmission Rate, of data sent by node i to node jj,iIndicates the actual sending rate, Index, of data sent by node j to node iu(i) Indicates the actually used upstream network bandwidth, Cap, of node iu(i) Indicates the upstream network bandwidth, Index, of node id(i) Indicates the actual used downlink network bandwidth, Cap, of node id(i) Representing the downstream network bandwidth, Rate, of node ii1Represents the maximum transmission rate of each node, and n represents the number of nodes of the distributed system.
In the second constraint, the first constraint is that,
indicates that the upload rate of a single node must not exceed the available uplink bandwidth, Indexu(i) And Capu(i) Can be derived from the acquired bandwidth.
It can be understood that, when the node i transmits data, there may be a plurality of transmission paths, that is, the node i may transmit data to a plurality of other nodes, a routing path between the node i and any one of the nodes is the transmission path, and when the node i transmits data in each transmission path, a sum of corresponding transmission rates is less than or equal to a maximum transmission rate of the node i. Wherein, Ratei1The value of (c) can be obtained from the results of the previous steps.
Based on the second constraint condition, the second objective function can be solved, so that the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system can be obtained.
And step 360, determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system.
And based on the second constraint condition, when the value of the second objective function is obtained through solving, the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system is obtained. Therefore, when the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system is obtained, the Rate in the second objective function can be obtainedi,jIs the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes.
It should be noted that the rest of the step 360 can be referred to the corresponding parts of the previous embodiment.
According to the method for determining the maximum transmission rate provided by the embodiment of the application, a second constraint condition is determined according to the maximum sending rate of each node, the bandwidth and the time delay; calculating the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system based on the second constraint condition; and when the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system is obtained, obtaining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes, then sending the maximum transmission rate to each node, and indicating each node to transmit data according to the maximum transmission rate. The maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is obtained when the throughput of the distributed system is maximum and the transmission delay of the distributed system is minimum, so that when each node transmits data in the consensus protocol according to the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes, the consensus protocol can realize high throughput and low delay.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of a maximum transmission rate determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application, in which the maximum transmission rate determining apparatus 400 includes an obtaining module 410, a first calculating module 420, a first determining module 430, a second calculating module 440, and a second determining module 450. The obtaining module 410 is configured to obtain a bandwidth and a time delay of each node; the first calculating module 420 is configured to calculate a maximum value of throughput of the distributed system according to the bandwidth; the first determining module 430 is configured to determine a maximum sending rate of each node according to a maximum value of throughput of the distributed system; the second calculating module 440 is configured to determine a minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system according to the maximum sending rate, the bandwidth, and the delay of each node; the second determining module 450 is configured to determine the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system.
Further, the first calculating module 420 is further configured to determine a first constraint condition according to the bandwidth; solving a first objective function under the first constraint, the first objective function representing a maximum value of throughput of the distributed system.
Further, the first objective function is:
the first constraint condition is as follows:
wherein, RateiIndicating the actual transmission rate, Index, of a single node iu(i) Indicates the actually used upstream network bandwidth, Cap, of node iu(i) Representing the upstream network bandwidth, Rate, of node ijRepresenting the downlink rate of the node j; indexd(i) Indicates the actual used downlink network bandwidth, Cap, of node id(i) The downlink network bandwidth of the node i is shown, and n is the number of nodes of the distributed system.
Further, the first determining module 430 is further configured to obtain a Rate in the first objective function when obtaining the value of the first objective functioniIs the maximum sending rate of said each node.
Further, the second calculating module 440 is further configured to determine a second constraint condition according to the maximum sending rate and the bandwidth of each node; and solving a second objective function under the second constraint condition, wherein the second objective function represents the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system.
Further, the second objective function is:
the second constraint condition is as follows:
wherein, Oi,jRepresenting nodesi overlay Tree Path for data sent to node j, latency (O)i,j) Representing the propagation delay, Rate, of the paths i to ji,jRepresenting the actual transmission Rate, of data sent by node i to node jj,iIndicates the actual sending rate, Index, of data sent by node j to node iu(i) Indicates the actually used upstream network bandwidth, Cap, of node iu(i) Indicates the upstream network bandwidth, Index, of node id(i) Indicates the actual used downlink network bandwidth, Cap, of node id(i) Representing the downstream network bandwidth, Rate, of node ii1The maximum sending rate of each node is represented, and n represents the number of nodes of the distributed system.
Further, the second determining module 450 is further configured to obtain a Rate in the second objective function when obtaining the value of the second objective functioni,jIs the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes.
Further, the maximum transmission rate determining apparatus 400 further includes a sending module, where after the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system is determined by using the maximum sending rate, the bandwidth, and the delay of each node, and the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is determined, the sending module is configured to send the maximum transmission rate to each node, and instruct each node to perform data transmission according to the maximum transmission rate.
Further, after the sending module sends the maximum transmission rate to each node and instructs each node to perform data transmission according to the maximum transmission rate, the obtaining module 410 is further configured to obtain preset parameters of the system, where the preset parameters include one or more of the following: the number of nodes, the total amount of network bandwidth and the transmission delay of a distributed system; and calculating the variable quantity of the preset parameter, and executing the step of acquiring the bandwidth and the time delay of each node in the distributed system when the variable quantity of the preset parameter exceeds a preset threshold value to the step of determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes.
The maximum transmission rate determining device provided by the embodiment of the application acquires the bandwidth and the time delay of each node; calculating a maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system according to the bandwidth; determining the maximum sending rate of each node according to the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system; and determining the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system according to the maximum sending rate, the bandwidth and the time delay of each node, and determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system. The maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is obtained when the throughput of the distributed system is maximum and the transmission delay is minimum, so that when each node transmits data in the consensus protocol according to the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes, the consensus protocol can realize high throughput and low delay.
It should be noted that, as will be clear to those skilled in the art, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the above-described apparatus may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, and is not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a block diagram of an electronic device for executing a maximum transmission rate determining method according to an embodiment of the present application, where the electronic device 500 is a controller in a distributed system. The electronic device 500 includes a processor 510 and a memory 520 and one or more applications stored in the memory 520 and configured to be executed by the one or more processors 510, the one or more programs configured to perform the above-described method of maximum transmission rate determination.
The electronic device 500 may be a designated node, a contract account, or a proprietary account in a distributed system, and may specifically be a terminal device capable of running an application program, such as a smart phone, a tablet computer, or a server. The electronic device 500 in the present application may include one or more of the following components: a processor 510, a memory 520, and one or more applications, wherein the one or more applications may be stored in the memory 520 and configured to be executed by the one or more processors 510, the one or more programs configured to perform a method as described in the aforementioned method embodiments.
Processor 510 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 510 interfaces with various components throughout the electronic device 500 using various interfaces and circuitry to perform various functions of the electronic device 500 and process data by executing or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the memory 520 and invoking data stored in the memory 520. Alternatively, the processor 510 may be implemented in hardware using at least one of Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and Programmable Logic Array (PLA). The processor 510 may integrate one or more of a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), a modem, and the like. Wherein, the CPU mainly processes an operating system, a user interface, an application program and the like; the GPU is used for rendering and drawing display content; the modem is used to handle wireless communications. It is understood that the modem may not be integrated into the processor 510, but may be implemented by a communication chip.
The Memory 520 may include a Random Access Memory (RAM) or a Read-Only Memory (Read-Only Memory). The memory 520 may be used to store instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory 520 may include a stored program area and a stored data area, wherein the stored program area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for implementing at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), instructions for implementing various method embodiments described below, and the like. The data storage area may also store data created during use by the electronic device 500 (e.g., phone books, audio-visual data, chat log data), and so forth.
The electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the application acquires the bandwidth and the time delay of each node; calculating a maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system according to the bandwidth; determining the maximum sending rate of each node according to the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system; and determining the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system according to the maximum sending rate, the bandwidth and the time delay of each node, and determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system. The maximum transmission rate between any two nodes is obtained when the throughput of the distributed system is maximum and the transmission delay is minimum, so that when each node transmits data in the consensus protocol according to the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes, the consensus protocol can realize high throughput and low delay.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (11)
1. A method for maximum transmission rate determination, the method comprising:
acquiring the bandwidth and the time delay of each node in the distributed system;
determining a first constraint condition according to the bandwidth; wherein the first constraint condition comprises: the uploading rate of a single node does not exceed the available uplink bandwidth, the downlink rate of the single node does not exceed the available downlink bandwidth, and the sum of the sending rates of all nodes in the distributed system does not exceed the available uplink bandwidth of the distributed system;
solving a first objective function under the first constraint condition; wherein the first objective function represents a maximum value of throughput of the distributed system;
obtaining a maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system according to the first objective function;
determining the maximum sending rate of each node according to the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system;
determining a second constraint condition according to the maximum sending rate and the bandwidth of each node; wherein the second constraint condition comprises: the uploading rate of a single node does not exceed the available uplink bandwidth, the downlink rate of the single node does not exceed the available downlink bandwidth, the actual sending rate between the nodes is not negative, the sum of the sending rates of all the nodes i in the distributed system does not exceed the maximum sending rate of the nodes i, and the sum of the sending rates of all the streams in the distributed system is equal to the sum of the maximum sending rates of all the nodes, wherein the sending rate of the stream is the rate of data transmission between any two nodes;
solving a second objective function under the second constraint condition, wherein the second objective function represents the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system;
and determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first objective function is:
the first constraint condition is as follows:
wherein, RateiIndicating the actual transmission rate, Index, of a single node iu(i) Indicates the actually used upstream network bandwidth, Cap, of node iu(i) Representing the upstream network bandwidth, Rate, of node ijRepresenting the downlink rate of the node j; indexd(i) Indicates the actual used downlink network bandwidth, Cap, of node id(i) The downlink network bandwidth of the node i is shown, and n is the number of nodes of the distributed system.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining the maximum sending rate for each node based on the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system comprises:
when the value of the first objective function is obtained, the Rate in the first objective function is obtainediIs the maximum sending rate of said each node.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the second objective function is:
the second constraint condition is as follows:
wherein, Oi,jThe overlay Tree Path, latency (O), representing the data sent by node i to node ji,j) Representing the propagation delay, Rate, of the paths i to ji,jRepresenting the actual transmission Rate, of data sent by node i to node jj,iIndicates the actual sending rate, Index, of data sent by node j to node iu(i) Indicates the actually used upstream network bandwidth, Cap, of node iu(i) Indicates the upstream network bandwidth, Index, of node id(i) Indicates the actual used downlink network bandwidth, Cap, of node id(i) Representing the downstream network bandwidth, Rate, of node ii1The maximum sending rate of each node is represented, and n represents the number of nodes of the distributed system.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system comprises:
when the value of the second objective function is obtained, the Rate in the second objective function is obtainedi,jIs the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein after determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system, the method further comprises:
and sending the maximum transmission rate to each node, and indicating each node to transmit data according to the maximum transmission rate.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein after sending the maximum transmission rate to each node and instructing each node to transmit data according to the maximum transmission rate, further comprising:
obtaining preset parameters of the distributed system, wherein the preset parameters comprise one or more of the following parameters: the number of nodes, the total amount of network bandwidth and the transmission delay of a distributed system;
and calculating the variable quantity of the preset parameter, and executing the step of acquiring the bandwidth and the time delay of each node in the distributed system when the variable quantity of the preset parameter exceeds a preset threshold value to the step of determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes.
8. An apparatus for determining a maximum transmission rate, the apparatus comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the bandwidth and the time delay of each node in the distributed system;
the first calculation module is used for determining a first constraint condition according to the bandwidth; solving a first objective function under the first constraint condition; wherein the first objective function represents a maximum value of throughput of the distributed system; the first constraint includes: the uploading rate of a single node does not exceed the available uplink bandwidth, the downlink rate of the single node does not exceed the available downlink bandwidth, and the sum of the sending rates of all nodes in the distributed system does not exceed the available uplink bandwidth of the distributed system;
the first determining module is used for determining the maximum sending rate of each node according to the maximum value of the throughput of the distributed system;
a second calculating module, configured to determine a second constraint condition according to the maximum sending rate and the bandwidth of each node; solving a second objective function under the second constraint condition, wherein the second objective function represents the minimum value of the transmission delay of the distributed system; the second constraint includes: the uploading rate of a single node does not exceed the available uplink bandwidth, the downlink rate of the single node does not exceed the available downlink bandwidth, the actual sending rate between the nodes is not negative, the sum of the sending rates of all the nodes i in the distributed system does not exceed the maximum sending rate of the nodes i, and the sum of the sending rates of all the streams in the distributed system is equal to the sum of the maximum sending rates of all the nodes, wherein the sending rate of the stream is the rate of data transmission between any two nodes;
and the second determining module is used for determining the maximum transmission rate between any two nodes according to the minimum value of the transmission time delay of the distributed system.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
one or more processors;
a memory electrically connected with the one or more processors;
one or more applications, wherein the one or more applications are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more applications configured to perform the method of any of claims 1-7.
10. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein the electronic device is a controller in a distributed system.
11. A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon program code that can be invoked by a processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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