CN112994773B - Antenna, self-adaptive adjusting method and device thereof, aerial base station and unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents

Antenna, self-adaptive adjusting method and device thereof, aerial base station and unmanned aerial vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112994773B
CN112994773B CN201911270099.6A CN201911270099A CN112994773B CN 112994773 B CN112994773 B CN 112994773B CN 201911270099 A CN201911270099 A CN 201911270099A CN 112994773 B CN112994773 B CN 112994773B
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Prior art keywords
antenna
antenna array
user terminal
shape
unmanned aerial
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CN112994773A (en
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张少伟
齐飞
芒戈
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China Telecom Corp Ltd
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China Telecom Corp Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/18502—Airborne stations
    • H04B7/18504—Aircraft used as relay or high altitude atmospheric platform
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H01Q1/285—Aircraft wire antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/01—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the shape of the antenna or antenna system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/18502—Airborne stations
    • H04B7/18506—Communications with or from aircraft, i.e. aeronautical mobile service
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The disclosure relates to an antenna, a self-adaptive adjusting method and device thereof, an aerial base station and an unmanned aerial vehicle. The antenna self-adaptive adjusting method comprises the following steps: controlling an antenna array on the unmanned aerial vehicle to scan all user terminals on the ground, and collecting user terminal signals from all directions; determining the direction of arrival of the user terminal signal according to the received user terminal signal; determining the service signal coverage range of the antenna array according to the direction of arrival of the user terminal signal; and changing the shape of the antenna array according to the service signal coverage range of the antenna array, and carrying out beam forming in a designated area. The method can adaptively adjust the antenna shape according to the ground terminal distribution condition, so that the capacity of a large-scale antenna system reaches the optimal performance.

Description

Antenna, adaptive adjustment method and device thereof, aerial base station and unmanned aerial vehicle
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to an antenna, a self-adaptive adjusting method and device thereof, an aerial base station and an unmanned aerial vehicle.
Background
The unmanned aerial vehicle is used as an aerial base station, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle has the characteristics of flexibility, mobility and rapid deployment, and the coverage and capacity of a network can be effectively improved. Meanwhile, Massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) (large-scale antenna technology) is carried, so that the system throughput can be greatly improved, and the flexibility of the system is further improved.
Therefore, how to achieve the best performance of Massive MIMO system capacity has been widely studied.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventor finds out through research that: when the unmanned aerial vehicle is used as an aerial base station for communication, the distribution situation of the terminals on the ground changes all the time, and the related technology is difficult to enable the system capacity to achieve the best performance under the condition of limited number of the unmanned aerial vehicles and the antennas. If the number of drones and antennas is increased, the cost in terms of hardware and power consumption is increased.
In view of at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides an antenna, an adaptive adjustment method and apparatus thereof, an air base station, and an unmanned aerial vehicle, which can adaptively adjust the shape of the antenna according to the ground terminal distribution.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna adaptive adjustment method, including:
controlling an antenna array on the unmanned aerial vehicle to scan all user terminals on the ground, and collecting user terminal signals from all directions;
determining the direction of arrival of the user terminal signal according to the received user terminal signal;
determining the service signal coverage range of the antenna array according to the direction of arrival of the user terminal signal;
and changing the shape of the antenna array according to the service signal coverage range of the antenna array, and carrying out beam forming in a designated area.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the service signal coverage of the antenna array completely covers or enforces to completely cover the direction of arrival of all user terminal signals.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, said changing the antenna array shape according to the service signal coverage of the antenna array comprises:
obtaining the gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to the ground base station;
acquiring the gain of an unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to each user terminal in the coverage area of the service signal;
determining the gain sum of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna according to the gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to the ground base station and the gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to each user terminal in the service signal coverage area;
taking the antenna gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the shape of the antenna array under the maximum condition as the optimal shape of the antenna array;
and carrying out self-adaptive adjustment on the shape of the antenna array according to the optimal shape of the antenna array.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the service signal coverage of the antenna array corresponds to a communication spread angle of the antenna array.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in a case where a communication spread angle of the antenna array is equal to or less than a predetermined angle, the antenna array plate is shaped like a flat plate.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case where the communication spread angle of the antenna array is greater than the predetermined angle, the shape of the antenna array plate is an arc.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna array plate is completely barrel-shaped in the case where the directions of arrival of the antenna array acquisitions are from all angles.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna adaptive adjustment apparatus, including:
the terminal signal collection module is used for controlling an antenna array on the unmanned aerial vehicle to scan all user terminals on the ground and collecting user terminal signals from all directions;
the terminal direction determining module is used for determining the direction of arrival of the user terminal signal according to the received user terminal signal;
a coverage area determining module, configured to determine a service signal coverage area of the antenna array according to a direction of arrival of a user terminal signal;
the antenna shape adjusting module is used for changing the shape of the antenna array according to the service signal coverage range of the antenna array and carrying out beam forming in a designated area;
in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna adaptive adjustment apparatus is configured to perform an operation of implementing the antenna adaptive adjustment method according to any one of the above embodiments.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna adaptive adjustment apparatus, including:
a memory to store instructions;
a processor configured to execute the instructions to cause the apparatus to perform operations to implement the antenna adaptive adjustment method according to any of the above embodiments.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an adaptive antenna is provided, which includes an antenna array and an antenna adaptive adjusting apparatus as described in any of the above embodiments.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an over-the-air base station comprising an adaptive antenna as described in any of the above embodiments.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a drone including an airborne base station as in any of the embodiments above.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a communication network comprising a ground base station, a user terminal, and a drone as described in any of the above embodiments.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, which when executed by a processor, implement the antenna adaptive adjustment method according to any of the above embodiments.
The method can adaptively adjust the antenna shape according to the ground terminal distribution condition, so that the capacity of a large-scale antenna system reaches the optimal performance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of an adaptive antenna adjustment method according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array collecting signals of user terminals from various directions in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array receiving a user terminal signal and determining a DOA of the user terminal signal in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gain of an antenna to a ground base station and a user and a determination rule of the shape of the antenna in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of antenna shape changes in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of an adaptive antenna adjustment apparatus according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an antenna adaptive adjustment apparatus according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of the adaptive antenna of the present disclosure.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of an airborne base station of the present disclosure.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of some embodiments of the drone of the present disclosure.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of a communication network of the present disclosure.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of other embodiments of communication networks of the present disclosure.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a communication network in which an antenna array board is flat in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the planar antenna array board in the embodiment of fig. 13.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a communication network in which the antenna array board is curved according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of an arc antenna array board in the embodiment of fig. 15.
Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a communications network in which an antenna array board is fully barrel-shaped according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 18 is a schematic view of the complete barrel shaped antenna array plate of the embodiment of fig. 17.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
The relative arrangement of parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure unless specifically stated otherwise.
Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of an antenna adaptive adjustment method according to the present disclosure. Preferably, the present embodiment may be performed by the antenna adaptive adjustment apparatus of the present disclosure. The method comprises steps 11-14, wherein:
in step 11, the antenna array on the drone is controlled to scan all the user terminals on the ground, and user terminal signals are collected from all directions.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array collecting signals of user terminals from various directions in some embodiments of the present disclosure. In the process of performing range search on the user terminal signals, as shown in fig. 2, the antenna serves the user terminals in the surrounding area as much as possible, thereby collecting the user signals from various directions. In the search case, the antenna array is shaped as a complete barrel, as shown in fig. 2. The search angle (communication spread angle) of the antenna array is 360 degrees.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2, the Antenna array may be a vehicle Adaptive Antenna (vehicle Adaptive Antenna).
In step 12, based on the received ue signal, the DOA (Direction Of Arrival, also called angle Of Arrival) Of the ue signal is determined.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array receiving a user terminal signal and determining a DOA of the user terminal signal in some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, the antenna array is shaped as a complete barrel. The search angle (communication spread angle) of the antenna array is 360 degrees.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 12 may include: the received user terminal signal is analyzed and the direction of arrival of the user terminal signal is determined according to a predetermined algorithm.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the predetermined algorithm may be a wideband DOA estimation algorithm.
In step 13, the service signal coverage of the antenna array is determined according to the direction of arrival of the user terminal signal.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the service signal coverage of the antenna array completely covers or enforces to completely cover the direction of arrival of all user terminal signals.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, from the detected DOAs, the service signals of the antenna array must be or are forced to be completely covered, which may be in a continuous area or in several separate areas.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the service signal coverage of the antenna array corresponds to a communication spread angle of the antenna array.
In step 14, the shape of the antenna array is changed according to the coverage of the service signal of the antenna array, and beam forming is performed in a designated area.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in step 14, the step of changing the shape of the antenna array according to the service signal coverage of the antenna array may include steps 141 to 145, where:
in step 141, gain VgB of the drone antenna to the ground base station is obtained.
In step 142, obtain drone antenna pair serviceGain Vg per subscriber terminal in signal coverage i And i is the serial number of the user terminal.
In step 143, the gain VgB for the drone antenna to the ground base station and the gain Vg for the drone antenna to each user terminal on the ground within the coverage area of the service signal are determined i And determining the gain and G of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gain of an antenna to a ground base station and a user and a determination rule of the shape of the antenna in some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 4, the antenna array is shaped as a full barrel. The search angle (communication spread angle) of the antenna array is 360 degrees. VgB>VgB _ threshold, where VgB _ threshold is the gain threshold of the drone antenna to the ground base station. Vg i >g i A threshold, wherein g i Threshold is the gain threshold of the drone antenna for each user terminal.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 143 may comprise: and determining the gain and G of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna according to the formula (1).
Figure BDA0002313935740000071
In step 144, the antenna gain of the drone and the antenna array shape (ant shape) under the maximum G are used as the optimal antenna array shape.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step 144 may include: an optimal antenna array shape is determined according to a predetermined antenna shape decision rule (e.g., the antenna shape decision rule shown in the embodiment of fig. 4).
In step 145, the antenna array shape is adaptively adjusted according to the optimal antenna array shape to perform beamforming in the designated area.
Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of antenna shape changes in some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 5, when the coverage of the drone antenna for the service signal is determined, the antenna array shape is modified to the optimal antenna array shape according to the determination rule, and beam forming is performed in the designated area.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in a case where a communication spread angle of the antenna array is equal to or less than a predetermined angle, the antenna array plate is shaped like a flat plate.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case where the communication spread angle of the antenna array is greater than the predetermined angle, the shape of the antenna array plate is an arc.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna array plate is completely barrel-shaped in the case where the directions of arrival of the antenna array acquisitions are from all angles.
Based on the antenna self-adaptive adjusting method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the antenna shape can be self-adaptively adjusted according to the ground terminal distribution condition, so that the capacity of a large-scale antenna system can achieve the best performance. The above embodiments of the present disclosure can greatly reduce signal processing, hardware and power consumption costs.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of an adaptive antenna adjustment apparatus according to the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 6, the antenna adaptive adjusting apparatus of the present disclosure may include a terminal signal collecting module 61, a terminal direction determining module 62, a coverage determining module 63, and an antenna shape adjusting module 64, wherein:
and the terminal signal collecting module 61 is used for controlling an antenna array on the unmanned aerial vehicle to scan all the user terminals on the ground and collecting user terminal signals from all directions.
And a terminal direction determining module 62, configured to determine, according to the received user terminal signal, a direction of arrival of the user terminal signal.
A coverage determining module 63, configured to determine a service signal coverage of the antenna array according to a direction of arrival of the user terminal signal.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the service signal coverage of the antenna array completely covers or enforces to completely cover the direction of arrival of all user terminal signals.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the service signal coverage of the antenna array may correspond to a communication spread angle of one antenna array.
And an antenna shape adjusting module 64, configured to change the shape of the antenna array according to the coverage area of the service signal of the antenna array, and perform beamforming in a designated area.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna shape adjustment module 64 may be used to obtain the gain of the drone antenna to the ground base station; acquiring the gain of an unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to each user terminal in the coverage area of the service signal; determining the gain sum of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna according to the gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to the ground base station and the gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to each user terminal in the service signal coverage area; taking the antenna gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the shape of the antenna array under the maximum condition as the optimal antenna array shape; and carrying out self-adaptive adjustment on the shape of the antenna array according to the optimal shape of the antenna array.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in a case where a communication spread angle of the antenna array is equal to or less than a predetermined angle, the antenna array plate has a flat plate shape.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the case where the communication spread angle of the antenna array is greater than the predetermined angle, the shape of the antenna array plate is an arc.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna array plate is fully barrel shaped with the directions of arrival collected by the antenna array from all angles.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna adaptive adjusting apparatus is configured to perform an operation for implementing the antenna adaptive adjusting method according to any of the embodiments described above (e.g., any of fig. 1 to 5).
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an adaptive antenna tuning apparatus according to the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 7, the antenna adaptive adjusting apparatus of the present disclosure may include a memory 71 and a processor 72, wherein:
a memory 71 for storing instructions;
a processor 72 configured to execute the instructions, so that the apparatus performs operations to implement the antenna adaptive adjustment method according to any of the embodiments described above (for example, any of fig. 1 to 5).
Based on the antenna adaptive adjustment method provided by the above embodiment of the present disclosure, the shape of the antenna is adaptively changed by collecting the DOA of the terrestrial user terminal signal.
The above embodiments of the present disclosure can make the system capacity achieve the optimal performance under any distribution condition of the ground user terminals.
The embodiment of the disclosure can change the shape in a self-adaptive manner according to the distribution condition of the ground user terminal, and can effectively reduce the hardware and power consumption cost.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of the adaptive antenna of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 8, the adaptive antenna of the present disclosure may include an antenna array 81 and an antenna adaptive adjusting device 82, where:
an antenna adaptive adjusting device 82, configured to control an antenna array on the unmanned aerial vehicle to scan all user terminals on the ground, and collect user terminal signals from all directions; determining the direction of arrival of the user terminal signal according to the received user terminal signal; determining the service signal coverage range of the antenna array according to the direction of arrival of the user terminal signal; and changing the shape of the antenna array according to the service signal coverage range of the antenna array, and carrying out beam forming in a designated area.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna adaptive adjusting device 82d may be the antenna adaptive adjusting device described in any of the above embodiments (e.g., the embodiments of fig. 6 or fig. 7).
An antenna array 81 for changing the shape of the antenna array and performing beam forming in a designated area according to the control of the antenna adaptive adjusting device 82; and transceiving radio frequency signals.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, antenna array 81 may include large-scale antenna array elements.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna array 81 may be the antenna array described in any of fig. 2-5.
The adaptive antenna provided based on the above embodiments of the present disclosure is an adaptive antenna for wireless communication, and may make a rule of array deformation according to user terminal distribution, change an antenna array shape according to a determination rule, and receive and transmit a radio frequency signal.
The above embodiments of the present disclosure can make the system capacity achieve the optimal performance under any distribution condition of the ground user terminals.
The embodiment of the disclosure can change the shape in a self-adaptive manner according to the distribution condition of the ground user terminal, and can effectively reduce the hardware and power consumption cost.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of an airborne base station of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 9, the disclosed aerial base station 90 may include an adaptive antenna 91, wherein:
the adaptive antenna 91 is used for making the rule of array deformation according to the distribution of the user terminal, changing the shape of the antenna array according to the judgment rule and receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the adaptive antenna 91 may be an adaptive antenna as described in any of the embodiments above (e.g., the embodiment of fig. 8).
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of some embodiments of the drone of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 10, the drone 10 of the present disclosure may include an airborne base station 90, wherein: the airborne base station 90 is disposed on the drone 10.
The unmanned aerial vehicle provided based on above-mentioned embodiment of this disclosure, including aerial base station, have nimble flexible, the rapid characteristics of deployment, can also effectively promote the coverage and the capacity of network. Meanwhile, the system throughput can be greatly improved by carrying a large-scale antenna (large-scale antenna technology), and the flexibility of the system is further improved.
The unmanned aerial vehicle and the aerial base station provided with the wireless communication adaptive antenna can make the rule of array deformation according to the distribution of the user terminals, change the shape of the antenna array according to the judgment rule, and receive and transmit radio-frequency signals.
The above embodiments of the present disclosure can make the system capacity achieve the optimal performance under any distribution condition of the ground user terminals.
The embodiment of the invention can change the shape in a self-adaptive way according to the distribution condition of the ground user terminal, and can effectively reduce the hardware and power consumption cost.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of a communication network of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 11, the communication network of the present disclosure may include a ground base station 20, a user terminal 30, and a drone 10, wherein:
the user terminal 30 may be a terrestrial user terminal.
The drone 10 may be a drone as described in any of the embodiments above (e.g., the fig. 10 embodiment).
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of further embodiments of the communication network of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 12, the communication network of the present disclosure is composed of a ground user terminal, an unmanned aerial vehicle, and a ground base station. Meanwhile, the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with an adaptive antenna.
The self-adaptive antenna on the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for scanning a user terminal on the ground firstly and collecting signals from all directions; then, analyzing the received signals and determining the DOAs, from which the airborne base station must be or is forced to be fully covered; and under the condition of known coverage, the shape of the antenna array is changed, and beam forming is carried out in a specified area.
As shown in fig. 12, the adaptive antenna according to the above embodiment of the present disclosure may make an array deformation rule according to the distribution of the user terminals, and change the shape of the antenna array according to the determination rule, from a complete barrel shape to a flat plate shape; and the shape of the beam forming is changed correspondingly.
As shown in FIG. 12, BS is a ground base station, BgV (BS anti gain) is the gain of the ground base station antenna to the UAV, Bg i And the gain of the ground base station antenna to each user terminal in the service signal coverage area is obtained, wherein i is the serial number of the user terminal.
As shown in fig. 12, the gain of the drone antenna is greater than that of the ground base station, the coverage area of the drone antenna is also greater than that of the ground base station, and the service User group (User Cluster) of the drone antenna is also greater than that of the ground base station.
Based on this openly among the communication network that above-mentioned embodiment provided, unmanned aerial vehicle including adaptive antenna has nimble mobile, deploys rapid characteristics, can also effectively promote the coverage and the capacity of network. Meanwhile, the system throughput can be greatly improved by carrying a large-scale antenna (large-scale antenna technology), and the flexibility of the system is further improved.
The present disclosure is illustrated by the following specific examples.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a communication network in which an antenna array board is flat in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a planar antenna array board in the embodiment of fig. 13. As shown in fig. 13 and 14, when the communication spread angle of the antenna array is equal to or smaller than a predetermined angle, the antenna array plate has a flat plate shape.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the drone's antenna board changes to planar when its communication link is propagating at a relatively small angle.
Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a communication network in which an antenna array board is curved according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of an arc antenna array board in the embodiment of fig. 15. As shown in fig. 15 and 16, in the case where the communication spread angle of the antenna array is larger than a predetermined angle, the shape of the antenna array plate is an arc.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna board is automatically bent into an arc shape when the communication spread angle is increased to improve the coverage.
Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a communications network in which an antenna array panel is fully barrel-shaped in some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a complete barrel-shaped antenna array plate in the embodiment of fig. 17. As shown in fig. 17 and 18, in the case where the directions of arrival of the antenna array acquisition are from all angles, the shape of the antenna array plate is a complete barrel shape.
The unmanned aerial vehicle provided with the wireless communication adaptive antenna can make the rule of array deformation according to the distribution of the user terminals, change the shape of the antenna array according to the judgment rule, and receive and transmit radio-frequency signals.
The above embodiments of the present disclosure can make the system capacity achieve the optimal performance under any distribution condition of the ground user terminals.
The embodiment of the disclosure can change the shape in a self-adaptive manner according to the distribution condition of the ground user terminal, and can effectively reduce the hardware and power consumption cost.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, where the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the antenna adaptive adjustment method according to any of the above embodiments (for example, any of the embodiments in fig. 1 to 5).
Based on the computer-readable storage medium provided by the above-mentioned embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna shape can be adaptively adjusted according to the ground terminal distribution condition, so that the capacity of a large-scale antenna system reaches the best performance. The above embodiments of the present disclosure may greatly reduce signal processing, hardware, and power consumption costs.
The antenna adaptation means described above may be implemented as a general purpose processor, a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components or any suitable combination thereof for performing the functions described herein.
Thus far, the present disclosure has been described in detail. Some details that are well known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can now fully appreciate how to implement the teachings disclosed herein, in view of the foregoing description.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware to implement the above embodiments, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like.
The description of the present disclosure has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the disclosure in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the disclosure and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the disclosure for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Claims (11)

1. An antenna adaptive adjustment method, comprising:
controlling an antenna array on the unmanned aerial vehicle to scan all user terminals on the ground, and collecting user terminal signals from all directions;
determining the direction of arrival of the user terminal signal according to the received user terminal signal;
determining the service signal coverage range of the antenna array according to the direction of arrival of the user terminal signal;
changing the shape of the antenna array according to the service signal coverage of the antenna array, and carrying out beam forming in a designated area;
wherein, according to the service signal coverage of the antenna array, changing the shape of the antenna array comprises:
obtaining the gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to the ground base station;
acquiring the gain of an unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to each user terminal in the coverage area of the service signal;
determining the gain sum of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna according to the gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to the ground base station and the gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to each user terminal in the service signal coverage area;
taking the antenna gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the shape of the antenna array under the maximum condition as the optimal shape of the antenna array;
and carrying out self-adaptive adjustment on the shape of the antenna array according to the optimal shape of the antenna array.
2. The antenna adaptive adjustment method according to claim 1,
the service signal coverage of the antenna array completely covers or enforces to completely cover the arrival direction of all user terminal signals.
3. The antenna adaptive adjustment method according to claim 1 or 2,
the service signal coverage of the antenna array corresponds to a communication spread angle of the antenna array.
4. The adaptive antenna adjustment method according to claim 3,
under the condition that the communication spread angle of the antenna array is smaller than or equal to a preset angle, the shape of the antenna array plate is flat;
under the condition that the communication spread angle of the antenna array is larger than a preset angle, the shape of the antenna array plate is arc-shaped;
in the case where the directions of arrival of the beams collected by the antenna array are from all angles, the antenna array plate is shaped as a complete barrel.
5. An antenna adaptive adjustment apparatus, comprising:
the terminal signal collection module is used for controlling an antenna array on the unmanned aerial vehicle to scan all user terminals on the ground and collecting user terminal signals from all directions;
the terminal direction determining module is used for determining the direction of arrival of the user terminal signal according to the received user terminal signal;
a coverage area determining module, configured to determine a service signal coverage area of the antenna array according to a direction of arrival of a user terminal signal;
the antenna shape adjusting module is used for changing the shape of the antenna array according to the service signal coverage range of the antenna array and carrying out beam forming in a designated area;
the antenna shape adjusting module is used for obtaining the gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to the ground base station; acquiring the gain of an unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to each user terminal in the coverage area of the service signal; determining the gain sum of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna according to the gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to the ground base station and the gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle antenna to each user terminal in the service signal coverage range; taking the antenna gain of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the shape of the antenna array under the maximum condition as the optimal shape of the antenna array; carrying out self-adaptive adjustment on the shape of the antenna array according to the optimal shape of the antenna array;
wherein the antenna adaptive adjustment apparatus is configured to perform an operation for implementing the antenna adaptive adjustment method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. An antenna adaptive adjustment apparatus, comprising:
a memory to store instructions;
a processor configured to execute the instructions to cause the apparatus to perform operations to implement the antenna adaptive adjustment method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
7. An adaptive antenna comprising an antenna array and an antenna adaptive adjustment apparatus according to claim 5 or 6.
8. An airborne base station comprising an adaptive antenna according to claim 7.
9. A drone, characterized in that it comprises an airborne base station according to claim 8.
10. A communication network comprising a ground base station, a user terminal and a drone according to claim 9.
11. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, which when executed by a processor, implement the antenna adaptive adjustment method according to any one of claims 1-4.
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