CN112994764B - Position and transmitting-receiving precoding design method in HAP (Hap-assisted multi-pair) relay communication - Google Patents

Position and transmitting-receiving precoding design method in HAP (Hap-assisted multi-pair) relay communication Download PDF

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CN112994764B
CN112994764B CN202110153597.3A CN202110153597A CN112994764B CN 112994764 B CN112994764 B CN 112994764B CN 202110153597 A CN202110153597 A CN 202110153597A CN 112994764 B CN112994764 B CN 112994764B
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CN112994764A (en
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张军
张晗
张琦
成聿伦
吕文俊
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Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621—Feedback content
    • H04B7/0626—Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/18502—Airborne stations
    • H04B7/18504—Aircraft used as relay or high altitude atmospheric platform
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals

Abstract

The invention provides a position and transmitting-receiving precoding design method in HAP auxiliary multi-pair relay communication, and the wireless transmission method mainly comprises the following steps: a user sends an uplink pilot signal to an HAP, and the HAP receives and carries out channel estimation on the uplink pilot signal sent by the user so as to acquire partial channel state information of the user; and the HAP calculates a receiving and transmitting precoding matrix by using the partial channel state information of the user, calculates the position of the HAP based on a maximized system and rate, and amplifies and transmits a signal to be transmitted by a transmitting end user to a target user. The method is simple to operate and practical in fitting, provides wide-range reliable communication for ground users, ensures quick and accurate information transfer between the ground users, and has important practical significance for the mobile relay auxiliary multi-antenna communication system.

Description

Position and transmitting-receiving precoding design method in HAP (Hap-assisted multi-pair) relay communication
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a position and transceiving precoding design method in HAP (Hap-assisted multi-pair) relay communication based on partial CSI (channel state information).
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, a high altitude platform for unmanned (HAP) communication system has attracted attention in recent years, and is a new wireless communication system. The HAP communication system mainly refers to a system for providing communication services to terrestrial users by using HAPs having a certain payload and equipped with antennas, similar to a low-earth satellite communication system. Compared with a low-orbit satellite, the HAP has the advantages of fast movement, strong controllability, low implementation cost and the like, can move to potential ground users at any time, and better adapts to a communication environment through real-time dynamic adjustment, so that the communication quality of a local area is effectively enhanced. Therefore, the HAP can provide a basic communication service even in an environment where a serious natural disaster occurs or a geographical area is relatively remote.
In a mobile communication system, the mobile relay is used for assisting in improving the connectivity of ground wireless equipment, expanding the network coverage and ensuring the communication quality of ground users, which are important functions of the HAP. However, when multiple pairs of users access, the HAP, as a relay, amplifies the forwarded signal and at the same time, causes a certain interference to the non-target users, thereby degrading the communication quality of the users. In order to guarantee the transmission quality of signals and improve the system performance, it is necessary to provide a design method of position and transmit-receive precoding in HAP-assisted multi-pair relay communication, so as to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a position and transmitting-receiving precoding design method in HAP-assisted multi-pair relay communication, which is used for designing the optimal position and transmitting-receiving precoding of an HAP by taking the 'maximized system rate' as a target under the condition of limited transmitting power.
The invention content is as follows: the invention provides a position and transmitting-receiving precoding design method in HAP (Hap-assisted multi-pair) relay communication, which specifically comprises the following steps of:
(1) constructing an amplified forwarding system of the HAP assisted multi-pair relay, wherein the system comprises: the system comprises a multi-antenna HAP, a plurality of single-antenna sending end users and a plurality of single-antenna receiving end users;
(2) all single-antenna sending end users and single-antenna receiving end users send uplink pilot signals to the HAP, and the HAP receives and carries out channel estimation on the uplink pilot signals sent by all the users so as to obtain partial CSI of all the users;
(3) and (3) according to the partial CSI obtained from all the users in the step (2), the HAP calculates a transceiving precoding matrix, calculates the optimal parameters in the precoding matrix and the optimal position of the HAP based on the maximized system and the rate, and amplifies and transmits the signals to be transmitted by the sending end user to the target user.
Further, the step (2) is realized as follows:
HAP has N antennae, the set of sending end users is S, the set of target users is D, and K single-antenna users are respectively marked in S and D as (S)1,S2,S3,…,SK) And (D)1,D2,D3,…,DK) (ii) a In the first time slot, for any user S at the transmitting endkSending information to the HAP; in the second time slot, the HAP amplifies the information and forwards the information to the target user Dk(ii) a The HAP estimates the channel by using the uplink pilot signals sent by all users, and the obtained partial CSI are respectively expressed as:
Figure BDA0002933505840000021
Figure BDA0002933505840000022
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002933505840000023
and
Figure BDA0002933505840000024
respectively representing the estimated channels between the HAP and the kth user of the transmitting end and the kth target user, K is the [1,2, …, K ∈]；
Figure BDA0002933505840000025
And
Figure BDA0002933505840000026
is the line-of-sight component in the channel, the vector size is N × 1 and 1 × N, respectively; rkAnd TkIs N isN deterministic non-negative definite matrixes respectively representing the spatial correlation between the received signal and the transmitted signal among the HAP antennas;
Figure BDA0002933505840000027
Figure BDA0002933505840000028
and
Figure BDA0002933505840000029
all represent a complex Gaussian random vector of Nx 1, whose elements are subject to a mean of 0 and a variance of
Figure BDA00029335058400000210
The independent and same distribution of the water-soluble polymer,
Figure BDA00029335058400000211
and
Figure BDA00029335058400000212
for the channel estimation parameters, indicating the accuracy of the channel estimation,
Figure BDA00029335058400000213
e represents belonging;
Figure BDA00029335058400000214
square root operations representing matrices; (.)HRepresenting a conjugate transpose operation of a matrix; the partial CSI for the user set S is represented as
Figure BDA00029335058400000215
The matrix size is N × K, and the partial CSI of the user set D is expressed as
Figure BDA00029335058400000216
The matrix size is K × N.
Further, the transceiving precoding matrix in step (3) is:
Figure BDA00029335058400000217
wherein the matrix size of W is N × N,
Figure BDA0002933505840000031
αGand alphaHIs a regularization parameter; ζ represents a normalized parameter satisfying the high altitude unmanned platform relay power constraint;
Figure BDA0002933505840000032
wherein, PRRepresenting power at high altitude unmanned platform relay, p ═ NPT，PTRepresenting the transmission power, σ, of the users in the user set S2Representing the noise power in the link during the first time slot, INExpressing an N-order unit matrix (.)-1Represents the inversion operation of the matrix, and tr (-) represents the trace operation of the matrix.
Further, the optimal regularization parameter of step (3)
Figure BDA0002933505840000033
The calculation process of (2) is as follows:
1) setting a regularization parameter αGAnd alphaHSubstituting into RsumPerforming the following steps;
2) exhausting HAP position coordinates in two-dimensional plane, and reserving RsumThe position at which the maximum value is obtained;
3) substituting the position obtained in the step 2) into RsumIn the method, the time order R is obtained by an interior point methodsumTake a of the maximum valueGAnd record alpha at that timeG；
4) Will be alphaGSubstitution into RsumIn the method, the time order R is obtained by an interior point methodsumTake a of the maximum valueHAnd record alpha at that timeH；
5) Will find alpha found in 3) and 4)GAnd alphaHSubstitution into RsumIn (1), repeating steps 2) -4) until the rate RsumConverging to obtain the optimal regularization parameter
Figure BDA0002933505840000034
Further, the HAP optimal position is calculated by:
Figure BDA0002933505840000035
Figure BDA0002933505840000036
wherein R issumIndicating the system and rate of the HAP relay system,
Figure BDA0002933505840000037
for optimal regularization parameters, γkRepresenting the signal to interference plus noise ratio of the kth user,
Figure BDA0002933505840000038
show about
Figure BDA0002933505840000039
And
Figure BDA00029335058400000310
expectation of (1), xoptAnd yoptRespectively representing the optimal positions of the optimized HAPs in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the method adopts the HAP as the relay auxiliary communication, and designs the transceiving precoding matrix according to the partial CSI of the user, so that the communication quality of the user in the HAP auxiliary relay communication system is guaranteed, and the method has important practical significance; 2. the method aims at maximizing the system and the speed, jointly optimizes the position and the transmitting and receiving pre-coding matrix by fully utilizing the characteristics of the HAP, fits the actual communication scene, and has strong practical feasibility.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an HAP assisted multi-pair relaying amplify-and-forward system.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a position and transmitting-receiving precoding design method in HAP auxiliary multi-pair relay communication, firstly, a user sends an uplink pilot signal to the HAP, and the HAP receives and carries out channel estimation on the uplink pilot signal sent by the user so as to obtain partial channel state information of the user; secondly, using the partial channel state information of the user, the HAP calculates a transceiving precoding matrix, calculates its own position based on the maximized system and rate, amplifies and forwards a signal to be transmitted by a transmitting end user to a target user, as shown in fig. 1, and specifically includes the following steps:
step 1: constructing an amplification forwarding system of HAP assisted multiple pairs of relays, as shown in fig. 2, includes: the system comprises a multi-antenna HAP, a plurality of single-antenna sending end users and a plurality of single-antenna receiving end users.
Step 2: all the users at the single antenna sending end and the users at the single antenna receiving end send uplink pilot signals to the HAP, and the HAP receives and carries out channel estimation on the uplink pilot signals sent by all the users so as to acquire partial CSI of all the users.
HAP has N antennae, the set of sending end users is S, the set of target users is D, and K single-antenna users are respectively marked in S and D as (S)1,S2,S3,…,SK) And (D)1,D2,D3,…,DK) (ii) a In the first time slot, for any user S at the transmitting endkSending information to the HAP; in the second time slot, the HAP amplifies the information and forwards the information to the target user Dk. The HAP estimates the channel by using the uplink pilot signal sent by the user, and the obtained partial CSI are respectively expressed as:
Figure BDA0002933505840000041
Figure BDA0002933505840000042
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002933505840000051
and
Figure BDA0002933505840000052
respectively representing the estimated channels between the HAP and the kth user of the transmitting end and the kth target user, K is the [1,2, …, K ∈]；
Figure BDA0002933505840000053
And
Figure BDA0002933505840000054
is the line-of-sight component in the channel, the vector size is N × 1 and 1 × N, respectively; rkAnd TkIs a deterministic non-negative definite matrix of NxN, which respectively represents the spatial correlation between the received signal and the transmitted signal between the HAP antennas;
Figure BDA0002933505840000055
Figure BDA0002933505840000056
and
Figure BDA0002933505840000057
all represent a complex Gaussian random vector of Nx 1, whose elements are subject to a mean of 0 and a variance of
Figure BDA0002933505840000058
The independent and same distribution of the water-soluble polymer,
Figure BDA0002933505840000059
and
Figure BDA00029335058400000510
for the channel estimation parameters, indicating the accuracy of the channel estimation,
Figure BDA00029335058400000511
e represents belonging;
Figure BDA00029335058400000512
square root operations representing matrices; (.)HRepresenting a conjugate transpose operation of a matrix; the partial CSI for the user set S is represented as
Figure BDA00029335058400000513
The matrix size is N × K, and the partial CSI of the user set D is expressed as
Figure BDA00029335058400000514
The matrix size is K × N.
And step 3: and (3) calculating a transceiving precoding matrix according to the partial CSI and the HAP of the user acquired in the step (2), calculating the optimal parameters in the precoding matrix and the optimal position of the HAP based on the maximized system and the rate, and amplifying and transmitting the signal to be transmitted by the transmitting end user to the target user.
The HAP calculates a transmit-receive precoding matrix as follows:
Figure BDA00029335058400000515
wherein the matrix size of W is N × N,
Figure BDA00029335058400000516
αGand alphaHIs a regularization parameter; ζ represents a normalized parameter that satisfies the high altitude unmanned platform relay power constraint.
Figure BDA00029335058400000517
Wherein, PRRepresenting power at high altitude unmanned platform relay, p ═ NPT，PTRepresenting the transmit power, σ, of the users in the user set S2Representing the noise power in the first slot link, INRepresenting orders of NArray of bits, (.)-1Represents the inversion operation of the matrix, and tr (-) represents the trace operation of the matrix.
Regularization parameter αG、αHAnd the HAP position is calculated by:
Figure BDA0002933505840000061
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002933505840000062
indicating the system and rate of the HAP relay system,
Figure BDA0002933505840000063
for optimal regularization parameters, γkRepresenting the signal to interference plus noise ratio of the kth user,
Figure BDA0002933505840000064
show about
Figure BDA0002933505840000065
And
Figure BDA0002933505840000066
expectation of (1), xoptAnd yoptRespectively representing the optimal positions of the optimized HAPs in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
The specific calculation method is as follows:
s1, setting a regularization parameter alphaGAnd alphaHSubstituting into RsumPerforming the following steps;
s2, exhausting HAP position coordinates in two-dimensional plane, and keeping RsumThe position at which the maximum value is obtained;
s3, substituting the position obtained in the step S2 into RsumIn the method, the time order R is obtained by internal ignitionsumTake a of the maximum valueGAnd record alpha at that timeG；
S4, mixing alphaGSubstitution into RsumIn the method, the time order R is obtained by an interior point methodsumTake a of the maximum valueHAnd record alpha at that timeH；
S5, alpha obtained in S3 and S4GAnd alphaHSubstitution into RsumIn the method, the steps S2-S4 are repeated until the rate RsumConverging to obtain the optimal regularization parameter
Figure BDA0002933505840000067
And optimal position (x) of the HAPopt,yopt)。
In conclusion, the method considers the design of position and precoding in the HAP-assisted multi-pair relay communication system, ensures the communication quality of users, and ensures that the system rate can be improved to the greatest extent. And partial CSI is utilized in the design process of the method, so that the method is more practical, has stronger practical feasibility and can be applied to practical communication scenes.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can understand that the changes or substitutions are included in the scope of the present invention, and the HAP in the present invention includes unmanned airship, unmanned aircraft, manned aircraft or other air craft carrying a certain payload. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (2)

1. A method for designing position and transmitting-receiving precoding in HAP-assisted multi-pair relay communication is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) constructing an amplified forwarding system of the HAP assisted multi-pair relay, wherein the system comprises: the system comprises a multi-antenna HAP, a plurality of single-antenna sending end users and a plurality of single-antenna receiving end users;
(2) all single-antenna sending end users and single-antenna receiving end users send uplink pilot signals to the HAP, and the HAP receives and carries out channel estimation on the uplink pilot signals sent by all the users so as to obtain partial CSI of all the users;
(3) according to the partial CSI obtained from the step (2), the HAP calculates a receiving and transmitting precoding matrix, calculates the optimal parameters in the precoding matrix and the optimal position of the HAP based on the maximization system and the rate, and amplifies and transmits signals to be transmitted by a transmitting end user to a target user;
the HAP calculates a receiving and transmitting precoding matrix as follows:
Figure FDA0003337849990000011
wherein the matrix size of W is N × N,
Figure FDA0003337849990000012
Figure FDA0003337849990000013
αGand alphaHIs a regularization parameter; ζ represents a normalized parameter that satisfies the high altitude unmanned platform relay power constraint:
Figure FDA0003337849990000014
wherein, PRRepresenting power at high altitude unmanned platform relay, p ═ NPT，PTRepresenting the transmit power, σ, of the users in the user set S2Representing the noise power in the first slot link, INExpressing an N-order unit matrix (.)-1Represents the inversion operation of the matrix, and tr (-) represents the trace operation of the matrix;
regularization parameter αG、αHAnd the HAP position is calculated by:
Figure FDA0003337849990000015
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003337849990000016
indicating the system and rate of the HAP relay system,
Figure FDA0003337849990000017
for optimal regularization parameters, γkRepresenting the signal to interference plus noise ratio of the kth user,
Figure FDA0003337849990000018
show about
Figure FDA0003337849990000019
And
Figure FDA00033378499900000110
expectation of (1), xoptAnd yoptRespectively representing the optimal positions of the optimized HAP in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction;
the optimal regularization parameter
Figure FDA0003337849990000021
The calculation process of (2) is as follows:
s1, setting a regularization parameter alphaGAnd alphaHSubstituting into RsumPerforming the following steps;
s2, exhausting HAP position coordinates in two-dimensional plane, and keeping RsumThe position at which the maximum value is obtained;
s3, substituting the position obtained in the step S2 into RsumIn the method, the time order R is obtained by internal ignitionsumTake a of the maximum valueGAnd record alpha at that timeG；
S4, mixing alphaGSubstitution into RsumIn the method, the time order R is obtained by an interior point methodsumTake a of the maximum valueHAnd record alpha at that timeH；
S5, alpha obtained in S3 and S4GAnd alphaHSubstitution into RsumIn the method, the steps S2-S4 are repeated until the rate RsumConverging to obtain the optimal regularization parameter
Figure FDA0003337849990000022
And optimal position (x) of the HAPopt,yopt)。
2. The method for designing position and transmit-receive precoding in HAP-assisted multi-pair relay communication according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) is implemented as follows:
HAP has N antennae, the set of sending end users is S, the set of target users is D, and K single-antenna users are respectively marked in S and D as (S)1,S2,S3,…,SK) And (D)1,D2,D3,…,DK) (ii) a In the first time slot, for any user S at the transmitting endkSending information to the HAP; in the second time slot, the HAP amplifies the information and forwards the information to the target user Dk(ii) a The HAP estimates the channel by using the uplink pilot signals sent by all users, and the obtained partial CSI are respectively expressed as:
Figure FDA0003337849990000023
Figure FDA0003337849990000024
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003337849990000025
and
Figure FDA0003337849990000026
respectively representing the estimated channels between the HAP and the kth user of the transmitting end and the kth target user, K is the [1,2, …, K ∈]；
Figure FDA0003337849990000027
And
Figure FDA0003337849990000028
is the line-of-sight component in the channel, the vector size is N × 1 and 1 × N, respectively; rkAnd TkIs a deterministic non-negative definite matrix of NxN, which respectively represents the spatial correlation between the received signal and the transmitted signal between the HAP antennas;
Figure FDA0003337849990000029
Figure FDA00033378499900000210
and
Figure FDA00033378499900000211
all represent a complex Gaussian random vector of Nx 1, whose elements are subject to a mean of 0 and a variance of
Figure FDA0003337849990000031
The independent and same distribution of the water-soluble polymer,
Figure FDA0003337849990000032
and
Figure FDA0003337849990000033
for the channel estimation parameters, indicating the accuracy of the channel estimation,
Figure FDA0003337849990000034
e represents belonging;
Figure FDA0003337849990000035
square root operations representing matrices; (.)HRepresenting a conjugate transpose operation of a matrix; the partial CSI for the user set S is represented as
Figure FDA0003337849990000036
The matrix size is N × K, and the partial CSI of the user set D is expressed as
Figure FDA0003337849990000037
The matrix size is K × N.
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