CN112994668A - AC electronic switch device - Google Patents
AC electronic switch device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112994668A CN112994668A CN202110184041.0A CN202110184041A CN112994668A CN 112994668 A CN112994668 A CN 112994668A CN 202110184041 A CN202110184041 A CN 202110184041A CN 112994668 A CN112994668 A CN 112994668A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
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Abstract
The invention discloses an alternating current electronic switch device, which comprises a switch module (1), an absorption circuit (2), a discharge circuit (3) and a controller (15). The switch module (1) is used for rapidly switching on and off of alternating current, and the absorption circuit (2) and the discharge circuit (3) absorb energy generated when the switch module is turned off and protect normal work of the switch module (1). The controller (15) is communicated with an upper computer and is used for controlling the normal work of the functions of all the parts. The power electronic switching device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, small loss, high reliability and high switching speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical engineering, and particularly relates to an alternating current electronic switching device capable of being rapidly switched on and switched off.
Background
The ac electronic switch is also called a solid-state electronic switch, and can control the on/off of ac current, and is implemented by connecting thyristors in parallel in many applications, as shown in fig. 1. The alternating current electronic switch can be conveniently controlled by weak current signals, for example, the MCU is used for controlling, so that the alternating current electronic switch is very conveniently applied to various occasions and has good application prospect.
The solid-state switch formed by antiparallel thyristors has the advantages of high voltage and large current, but can not be controlled to be turned off by weak current signals, so the use of the solid-state switch is greatly limited in occasions requiring quick turn-off.
Published patent 201310260839.4 discloses an IGBT-based electronic switch, as shown in fig. 2, which can rapidly realize bidirectional cutoff and conduction of current, but each group of switches needs 2 capacitors and 2 discharge resistors, and if a multi-way switch (such as a commonly used three-phase switch) is formed by the IGBT-based electronic switch, 2 times of capacitors and resistors are needed, so that the number of devices is large, the cost is high, and the midpoint of the switch needs to be led out, and the circuit is complex, thereby affecting the reliability of the device; in addition, the voltage of the capacitor is uncontrollable, when the switch is in a conducting state, the capacitor is gradually discharged to zero voltage, and when the switch is turned off again, the main loop current can continuously flow through the capacitor to charge the capacitor from the zero voltage, so that the turn-off time of the disclosed technology is long, and the rapid turn-off cannot be realized.
As shown in fig. 3, in the prior art, although the circuit is simple, when a fault such as overcurrent or short circuit occurs and the switch needs to be turned off, the RC absorption circuit therein is difficult to completely absorb the induced voltage, so that MOV devices such as voltage dependent resistors are added, and such anti-surge protection devices have low reliability and can fail under large impact energy or multiple impacts, so that the service life and reliability of the device are reduced.
Therefore, the solid-state electronic switch circuit structure in the prior art has the problems of complex structure, high cost, low reliability, low speed and the like which are not ideal enough. In view of the shortcomings of the existing solid-state electronic switches, there is a need for improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design a power electronic switching device which is simple in structure, low in cost, small in loss, high in reliability and high in switching speed.
The invention discloses an alternating current electronic switch device, which comprises a switch module (1), wherein the switch module (1) comprises a power input port A, an output port B and a midpoint port (Z), and is used for switching on or switching off an alternating current path between the input port A and the output port B;
the circuit also comprises an absorption circuit (2) which is connected with the input port A, the output port B, the midpoint port (Z) and a power supply N line of the switch module (1), wherein the absorption circuit (2) internally comprises a capacitor capable of storing electric energy and is used for absorbing the electric energy in loop inductance in the turn-off process of the switch module (1);
the circuit also comprises a discharge circuit (3) which is connected with the positive (+) and negative (-) ends of the absorption circuit (2) and is used for protecting the absorption circuit (2) and the switch module (1) from being damaged due to overhigh voltage;
the circuit also comprises a controller (15) which is in signal connection with the switch module (1), the absorption circuit (2) and the discharge circuit (3); the controller (15) carries out on-off operation on the switch module (1) according to the received external switch operation signal, meanwhile, the controller (15) detects the positive (+) negative (-) terminal voltage of the absorption circuit (2), and when the voltage exceeds a set value, a discharge instruction is sent to the discharge circuit (3) until the positive (+) negative (-) terminal voltage of the absorption circuit (2) does not exceed the set value.
The invention relates to an alternating current electronic switching device, wherein a switch module (1) comprises a semiconductor switching device (4) with a reverse common source connected in series, two ends of the semiconductor switching device are respectively connected with an input port A and an output port B, and the two ends of the semiconductor switching device are connected with a midpoint port (Z) and an absorption circuit (2); the reverse series connection semiconductor switching device (4) is used for cutting off or connecting the current flowing in the two directions between the input port A and the output port B, and the semiconductor switching device (4) can be one of reverse conducting type power semiconductor devices IGBT, MOSFET or IGCT.
The switch module (1) of the alternating current electronic switch device can also comprise a semiconductor switch device (5) with reverse common drain electrodes connected in parallel, two ends of the semiconductor switch device are respectively connected with an input port A and an output port B, wherein the two ends of the semiconductor switch device are connected with the midpoint port (Z) and are connected with the absorption circuit (2); the anti-parallel semiconductor switching device (5) is used for cutting off or connecting the current flowing in the two directions between the input port A and the output port B, and the semiconductor switching device (5) can be one of reverse conducting type power semiconductor devices IGBT, MOSFET or IGCT.
The invention relates to an alternating current electronic switch device, wherein an absorption circuit (2) comprises three diodes (D) of which one ends are respectively connected with an input port A, an output port B and a power supply N line, the other ends of the three diodes (D) are connected with a capacitor (C), and the other end of the capacitor (C) is connected with a midpoint port (Z) of a switch module (1); when the switch module (1) is turned off, the absorption circuit (2) is used for enabling the current of the input port A or the current of the output port B to flow into the capacitor (C), and the capacitor (C) absorbs the inductive energy of the loop; the diode (D) connected with the N line can realize the pre-charging of the capacitor (C), so that the capacitor (C) always keeps a stable voltage.
The invention relates to an alternating current electronic switching device, wherein a discharge circuit (3) comprises one or more discharge resistors (12) for releasing energy stored in a capacitor (C); and the device also comprises a semiconductor switch tube (13) or a mechanical switch (14) which is connected with the discharge resistor (12) in series, and two ends of the series circuit are respectively connected with the positive (+) end and the negative (-) end of the absorption circuit (2) for controlling the on-off of the discharge resistor (12).
The alternating current electronic switch device can also comprise a switch module (6) which comprises a power supply input port A and an output port B, wherein the switch module is used for opening or cutting off an alternating current path between the input port A and the output port B;
the circuit also comprises an absorption circuit (7) which is connected with the input port A, the output port B and the power supply N line of the switch module (6), wherein the absorption circuit (7) internally comprises a capacitor capable of storing electric energy and is used for absorbing the electric energy in the loop inductance in the turn-off process of the switch module (6);
the discharge circuit (8) is connected with the positive (+) and negative (-) ends of the absorption circuit (7) and is used for protecting the absorption circuit (7) and the switch module (6) from being damaged due to overhigh voltage;
the controller (16) is in signal connection with the switch module (6), the absorption circuit (7) and the discharge circuit (8); the controller (16) carries out on-off operation on the switch module (6) according to the received external switch operation signal, meanwhile, the controller (16) detects the positive (+) negative (-) terminal voltage of the absorption circuit (7), and when the voltage exceeds a set value, a discharge instruction is sent to the discharge circuit (8) until the positive (+) negative (-) terminal voltage of the absorption circuit (7) does not exceed the set value.
The invention relates to an alternating current electronic switch device, wherein a switch module (6) comprises semiconductor switch devices (9) which are connected in series in an opposite direction, and two ends of the semiconductor switch devices are respectively connected with an input port A and an output port B; the reverse series connection semiconductor switching device (9) is used for cutting off or connecting the current flowing in the two directions between the input port A and the output port B, and the semiconductor switching device (9) can be one of reverse conducting type power semiconductor devices IGBT, MOSFET or IGCT.
The invention relates to an alternating current electronic switch device, wherein a switch module (1) comprises a semiconductor switch device (11) which is reversely connected in parallel, and two ends of the semiconductor switch device are respectively connected with an input port A and an output port B; the antiparallel semiconductor switching device (11) is used for cutting off or communicating current flowing in two directions between the input port A and the output port B, and the semiconductor switching device (11) can be one of non-return power semiconductor devices IGBT, MOSFET or IGCT.
The invention relates to an alternating current electronic switch device, wherein an absorption circuit (2) comprises three groups of diodes with positive and negative ends connected in series, the middle points of the diodes with the positive and negative ends connected in series are respectively connected with an input port A, an output port B and a power supply N line, the anodes of the diodes with the positive and negative ends connected in series are connected with one end of a capacitor (C), and the cathodes of the diodes with the positive and negative ends connected in series are connected with the other end of the capacitor (C); when the switch module (6) is turned off, the diodes connected in series at the positive end and the negative end can enable the current of the input port A and the current of the output port B to flow into the capacitor (C), and the capacitor (C) can absorb the inductive energy of the loop; the diodes connected in series with the positive and negative ends connected with the N lines can realize the pre-charging of the capacitor (C), so that the capacitor (C) always keeps a stable voltage.
The invention relates to an alternating current electronic switching device, wherein a discharge circuit (8) comprises one or more discharge resistors (12) for releasing energy stored in a capacitor (C); and a semiconductor switch tube (13) or a mechanical switch (14) which is connected in series with the discharge resistor (12), wherein two ends of the series circuit are respectively connected with the positive (+) end and the negative (-) end of the absorption circuit (2) for controlling the on-off of the discharge resistor (12).
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of an existing ac electronic switch using thyristors.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a conventional ac electronic switch.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of another conventional ac electronic switch.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an ac electronic switching device according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a switch module and a snubber circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a switch module and a snubber circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of an ac electronic switching device in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram of another switch module and a first embodiment of an absorption circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram of another switch module and a second embodiment of an absorption circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a diagram of another switch module and a third embodiment of an absorption circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a diagram of a discharge circuit embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a diagram of another embodiment of a discharge circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an ac electronic switching device designed by the present invention. The input electricity passes through the switch module (1) from the port A and then reaches the output port B to realize the function of fast switching on and off of the switch, and the absorption circuits (2) respectively connected with the port A, B, Z realize the energy absorption on the inductive current of the loop in the process of fast switching off of the switch and store the energy in the capacitor, thereby avoiding the overvoltage induced by the inductive current due to the fast switching off of the switch. The discharging circuit (3) connected with the positive (+) and negative (-) ends of the absorption circuit (2) is used for realizing the discharge protection of the overvoltage. The controller (15) is in signal connection with the switch module (1), the absorption circuit (2) and the discharge circuit (3); the controller (15) carries out on-off operation on the switch module (1) according to the received external switch operation signal, meanwhile, the controller (15) detects the positive (+) and negative (-) terminal voltage of the absorption circuit (2), and when the voltage exceeds a set value, a discharge instruction is sent to the discharge circuit (3) until the positive (+) and negative (-) terminal voltage of the absorption circuit (2) is reduced to be not more than the set value.
Fig. 5 and 6 are two diagrams of the switch module and the absorption circuit according to the two embodiments of the present invention, in which two semiconductor switch devices connected in series in an inverted manner constitute an ac switch circuit, wherein the semiconductor switch of fig. 5 is connected in common source, the semiconductor switch of fig. 6 is connected in common drain, and the connection point of the two semiconductor switches constitutes a midpoint port (Z). In the figure, one ends of three diodes (D) are respectively connected with an input port A, an output port B and a power supply N line, the other ends of the three diodes (D) are respectively connected with a capacitor (C), the other end of the capacitor (C) is connected with a midpoint port (Z), and the two ends of the capacitor (C) form a positive (+) and a negative (-) end of the absorption circuit (2). When the switch module (1) is turned off, the absorption circuit (2) enables the current of the input port A or the current of the output port B to flow into the capacitor (C) through the diode, and the capacitor (C) absorbs the energy of the loop inductance; the diode (D) connected with the N line can realize the pre-charging of the capacitor (C), so that the capacitor (C) always keeps a stable voltage, the energy can be absorbed quickly, and the quick current shutoff is realized. The semiconductor switching device (4) may be one of reverse conducting power semiconductor devices IGBT, MOSFET, or IGCT.
Fig. 7 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of the ac electronic switching apparatus of the present invention. The input electricity passes through the switch module (6) from the port A and then reaches the output port B to realize the function of fast switching on and off of the switch, and the absorption circuits (7) respectively connected with the port A, B realize the energy absorption on the inductive current of the loop in the process of fast switching off of the switch and store the energy in the capacitor, thereby avoiding the overvoltage induced by the inductive current due to the fast switching off of the switch. And a discharge circuit (8) connected with the positive (+) and negative (-) ends of the absorption circuit (7) is used for realizing the discharge protection of the overvoltage. The controller (16) is in signal connection with the switch module (6), the absorption circuit (7) and the discharge circuit (8); the controller (16) performs on-off operation on the switch module (6) according to the received external switch operation signal, meanwhile, the controller (16) detects the positive (+) and negative (-) terminal voltage of the absorption circuit (7), and when the voltage exceeds a set value, a discharge instruction is sent to the discharge circuit (8) until the positive (+) and negative (-) terminal voltage of the absorption circuit (7) is reduced to be not more than the set value.
Fig. 8 and 9 are two embodiments of the switch module (6) and the snubber circuit (7) of the present invention, in which two semiconductor switches are connected in series in reverse to form an ac switch circuit, wherein the semiconductor switch of fig. 8 is connected in common source and the semiconductor switch of fig. 9 is connected in common drain. The circuit comprises three groups of diodes (D) which are connected in series in pairs, the middle point of each group of diodes in series is respectively connected with an input port A, an output port B and a power supply N line, the positive end and the negative end of each group of diodes in series are connected with two ends of a capacitor (C), and two ends of the capacitor (C) form a positive (+) and a negative (-) end of an absorption circuit (2). When the switch module (6) is turned off, the absorption circuit (7) enables the current of the input port A or the current of the output port B to flow into the capacitor (C) through the diode, and the capacitor (C) absorbs the energy of the loop inductance; and the two diodes (D) connected with the N line can realize the pre-charging of the capacitor (C), so that the capacitor (C) always keeps a stable voltage, the energy can be quickly absorbed, and the quick current turn-off is realized. The semiconductor switching device (9) may be one of a reverse conducting power semiconductor device IGBT, MOSFET, or IGCT.
FIG. 10 is a diagram of another switch module and a third embodiment of an absorption circuit according to the present invention. The device forming the switch module (6) is formed by reversely connecting two semiconductor switch devices in parallel, and the semiconductor switch device is one of non-return power semiconductor devices IGBT, MOSFET or IGCT.
Fig. 11 and 12 show two embodiments of the discharge circuit of the present invention, which includes a discharge resistor (12) and a semiconductor switch (13) or mechanical switch (14) connected in series, and the two ends of the series circuit are connected in parallel with the positive terminal (+) and the negative terminal (-) of the absorption circuit, respectively. When the semiconductor switch tube (13) or the mechanical switch (14) is turned on, the capacitor (C) discharges the discharge resistor (12), and the DC voltage decreases. When the semiconductor switch tube (13) or the mechanical switch (14) is turned off, no current flows through the discharge resistor (12), and the direct-current end voltage of the capacitor (C) is kept unchanged.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An alternating current electronic switching device, characterized in that: it includes:
the switch module (1) comprises a power input port A, an output port B and a midpoint port (Z), and is used for switching on or switching off an alternating current path between the input port A and the output port B;
the absorption circuit (2) is connected with the input port A, the output port B, the midpoint port (Z) and a power supply N line of the switch module (1), and a capacitor capable of storing electric energy is contained in the absorption circuit (2) and is used for absorbing the electric energy in loop inductance in the turn-off process of the switch module (1);
a discharge circuit (3) connected to the positive (+) and negative (-) terminals of the snubber circuit (2) for protecting the snubber circuit (2) and the switch module (1) from damage due to excessive voltage;
a controller (15) which is in signal connection with the switch module (1), the absorption circuit (2) and the discharge circuit (3); the controller (15) carries out on-off operation on the switch module (1) according to the received external switch operation signal, meanwhile, the controller (15) detects the positive (+) negative (-) terminal voltage of the absorption circuit (2), and when the voltage exceeds a set value, a discharge instruction is sent to the discharge circuit (3) until the positive (+) negative (-) terminal voltage of the absorption circuit (2) does not exceed the set value.
2. An alternating current electronic switching device according to claim 1, wherein: the switch module (1) comprises:
the two ends of the semiconductor switch device (4) are respectively connected with the input port A and the output port B, wherein the point is connected with the midpoint port (Z) and is connected with the absorption circuit (2);
the reverse series connection semiconductor switching device (4) is used for cutting off or connecting the current flowing in the two directions between the input port A and the output port B, and the semiconductor switching device (4) can be one of reverse conducting type power semiconductor devices IGBT, MOSFET or IGCT.
3. An alternating current electronic switching device according to claim 1, wherein: the switch module (1) comprises:
the two ends of the semiconductor switch device (5) are respectively connected with the input port A and the output port B, wherein the point is connected with the midpoint port (Z) and is connected with the absorption circuit (2);
the reverse series connection semiconductor switching device (5) is used for cutting off or connecting the current flowing in the two directions between the input port A and the output port B, and the semiconductor switching device (5) can be one of reverse conducting type power semiconductor devices IGBT, MOSFET or IGCT.
4. An alternating current electronic switching device according to claim 1, wherein: the absorption circuit (2) comprises: the three diodes (D) are respectively connected with the input port A, the output port B and the power supply N line at one end, the other ends of the three diodes (D) are connected with a capacitor (C), and the other end of the capacitor (C) is connected with a midpoint port (Z) of the switch module (1);
when the switch module (1) is turned off, the absorption circuit (2) is used for enabling the current of the input port A or the current of the output port B to flow into the capacitor (C), and the capacitor (C) absorbs the inductive energy of the loop; the diode (D) connected with the N line can realize the pre-charging of the capacitor (C), so that the capacitor (C) always keeps a stable voltage.
5. An alternating current electronic switching device according to claim 1, wherein: the discharge circuit (3) comprises: one or more discharge resistors (12) for discharging the energy stored by the capacitor (C);
and a semiconductor switch tube (13) or a mechanical switch (14) which is connected in series with the discharge resistor (12), wherein two ends of the series circuit are respectively connected with the positive (+) end and the negative (-) end of the absorption circuit (2) for controlling the on-off of the discharge resistor (12).
6. An alternating current electronic switching device, characterized in that: it includes:
the switch module (6) comprises a power supply input port A and an output port B, and is used for switching on or switching off an alternating current path between the input port A and the output port B;
the absorption circuit (7) is connected with the input port A, the output port B and the power supply N line of the switch module (6), and a capacitor capable of storing electric energy is contained in the absorption circuit (7) and is used for absorbing the electric energy in the loop inductance in the turn-off process of the switch module (6);
a discharge circuit (8) connected to the positive (+) and negative (-) terminals of the snubber circuit (7) for protecting the snubber circuit (7) and the switch module (6) from damage due to excessive voltage;
a controller (16) which is in signal connection with the switch module (6), the absorption circuit (7) and the discharge circuit (8); the controller (16) carries out on-off operation on the switch module (6) according to the received external switch operation signal, meanwhile, the controller (16) detects the positive (+) negative (-) terminal voltage of the absorption circuit (7), and when the voltage exceeds a set value, a discharge instruction is sent to the discharge circuit (8) until the positive (+) negative (-) terminal voltage of the absorption circuit (7) does not exceed the set value.
7. An alternating current electronic switching device according to claim 6, wherein: the switch module (6) comprises:
the semiconductor switch device (9) is connected in series in the reverse direction, and two ends of the semiconductor switch device are respectively connected with the input port A and the output port B;
the reverse series connection semiconductor switching device (9) is used for cutting off or connecting the current flowing in the two directions between the input port A and the output port B, and the semiconductor switching device (9) can be one of reverse conducting type power semiconductor devices IGBT, MOSFET or IGCT.
8. An alternating current electronic switching device according to claim 6, wherein: the switch module (1) comprises:
the semiconductor switch device (11) is connected in parallel in an inverse manner, and two ends of the semiconductor switch device are respectively connected with the input port A and the output port B;
the antiparallel semiconductor switching device (11) is used for cutting off or communicating current flowing in two directions between the input port A and the output port B, and the semiconductor switching device (11) can be one of non-return power semiconductor devices IGBT, MOSFET or IGCT.
9. An alternating current electronic switching device according to claim 6, wherein: the absorption circuit (2) comprises: the middle points of the diodes connected in series with the positive ends and the negative ends are respectively connected with the input port A, the output port B and the power supply N line, the anodes of the diodes connected in series with the positive ends and the negative ends are connected with one end of a capacitor (C), and the cathodes of the diodes connected in series with the positive ends and the negative ends are connected with the other end of the capacitor (C);
when the switch module (6) is turned off, the diodes connected in series at the positive end and the negative end can enable the current of the input port A and the current of the output port B to flow into the capacitor (C), and the capacitor (C) can absorb the inductive energy of the loop; the diodes connected in series with the positive and negative ends connected with the N lines can realize the pre-charging of the capacitor (C), so that the capacitor (C) always keeps a stable voltage.
10. An alternating current electronic switching device according to claim 6, wherein: the discharge circuit (8) comprises:
one or more discharge resistors (12) for discharging the energy stored by the capacitor (C);
and a semiconductor switch tube (13) or a mechanical switch (14) which is connected in series with the discharge resistor (12), wherein two ends of the series circuit are respectively connected with the positive (+) end and the negative (-) end of the absorption circuit (2) for controlling the on-off of the discharge resistor (12).
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113644629A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-12 | 许继集团有限公司 | Short-circuit protection device for rail transit traction power supply bidirectional converter system and control method thereof |
CN114069694A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-18 | 北京动力源科技股份有限公司 | Method for reducing loop inductance of multi-phase variable frequency/fixed frequency parallel multi-module unit |
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2021
- 2021-02-10 CN CN202110184041.0A patent/CN112994668A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113644629A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-12 | 许继集团有限公司 | Short-circuit protection device for rail transit traction power supply bidirectional converter system and control method thereof |
CN114069694A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-18 | 北京动力源科技股份有限公司 | Method for reducing loop inductance of multi-phase variable frequency/fixed frequency parallel multi-module unit |
CN114069694B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2024-03-22 | 北京动力源科技股份有限公司 | Method for reducing loop inductance of multiphase variable frequency/fixed frequency parallel multi-module unit |
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