CN112994235B - Automatic radiation type power grid risk early warning method based on switch information - Google Patents

Automatic radiation type power grid risk early warning method based on switch information Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112994235B
CN112994235B CN202110196452.1A CN202110196452A CN112994235B CN 112994235 B CN112994235 B CN 112994235B CN 202110196452 A CN202110196452 A CN 202110196452A CN 112994235 B CN112994235 B CN 112994235B
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China
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switch
risk
bus
target
voltage
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CN202110196452.1A
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CN112994235A (en
Inventor
邓卓俊
曹硕
吴会泽
王宏
刘海涛
吕铭刚
赵萍
宋雪超
齐卫东
刘建超
石雷
张文
王弘清
魏俊森
王玮
张阳
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Langfang Power Supply Co of State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Langfang Power Supply Co of State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a radiation type power grid risk automatic early warning method based on switch information, which comprises the following steps: a risk analysis target switch determining principle is formulated; the collection forms an associated switch set for the target switch; calculating the number of effective electric paths of the target switch and judging the risk type of the target switch; calculating the load loss and the load loss proportion; risk grading and early warning information release. The beneficial effects of the application are as follows: and constructing logic criteria from the position information, the automatic switching state and the flowing power direction information of the switch by taking important risk event early warning of the regional power grid as a target, analyzing possible power grid risk events on line, calculating event grades, and carrying out early warning to provide the most visual power grid risk judgment for dispatching and operating operators.

Description

Automatic radiation type power grid risk early warning method based on switch information
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of power grid risk early warning, in particular to a radiation type power grid risk automatic early warning method based on switch information.
Background
With the development of the power grid, the task of regulating and controlling operation is more and more complex, the difficulty of managing the power grid risk is more and more high, the power grid risk can be analyzed on line, and the automatic early warning is realized, so that the method has great significance for regulating operation. The existing risk early warning method is mainly based on power flow calculation or probability power flow calculation from the perspective of equipment and a power grid, mainly considering factors such as equipment aging, faults, stability limits and operation limits of the power grid, environmental factors of severe weather, manual misoperation and the like, and the risk early warning is carried out by building a probability model and measuring the risk according to the probability and the accident consequence degree possibly caused.
The method can comprehensively evaluate the overall risk level of the power grid, but often has large calculation amount, and the related factors are complex and affected by errors in all aspects. In the dispatching operation work, a dispatcher is more concerned about what kind of influence is caused to a power grid by a certain switch deflection when the dispatching operation work is scheduled to be overhauled or adjusted in a temporary mode, and whether a power grid event is formed or power grid risks are generated or not, so that the existing method does not carry out risk early warning on the power grid event, and the practicability is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide the automatic radiation type power grid risk early warning method based on the switch information aiming at the problems.
In a first aspect, the application provides a radiation type power grid risk automatic early warning method based on switch information, which comprises the following steps:
s1, formulating a risk analysis target switch determination principle;
s2, forming an associated switch set related to the target switch in a set manner;
s3, calculating the number of effective electrical paths of the target switch;
s4, judging the risk type of the target switch;
s5, calculating the load loss and the load loss proportion;
s6, risk grading and issuing early warning information.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting a starting switch, and determining a risk analysis target switch according to the starting switch;
(1) If the start switch is a line switch, the target switch determination principle is:
1) If the position value of the opposite side switch of the starting switch is 0, the opposite side switch is disconnected, and the automatic switching state is judged:
i. if the self-switching state value is 0, the line is defined as a power failure state without a target switch;
if the self-switching state value is 1, defining a line as a standby power supply state, and determining that the target switch is a contralateral switch;
2) If the position value of the opposite side switch of the starting switch is 1, the opposite side switch closes, and the power flow direction is judged:
i. if the power flow direction of the starting switch is positive, determining that the target switch is a contralateral switch;
if the power flow direction of the start switch is negative, determining the target switch as the start switch;
(2) If the starting switch is a bus-bar switch, setting all the line switches as starting switches and sequentially starting analysis;
(3) If the starting switch is the main switch, the target switch determining principle is as follows:
1) If the starting switch is a high-voltage main switch, the equivalent is that the medium-voltage main switch and the low-voltage main switch of the main transformer are simultaneously selected as the starting switch;
2) If the starting switch is a non-high-voltage main switch, the starting switch is equivalent to a same-voltage-class line switch, other same-voltage-class main switch types of the transformer substation are replaced by line switches, and the operation value of the opposite-side switch is defined as 1.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the set forms an associated switch set related to the target switch, and specifically comprises the following steps: and screening all the switches with the same station name as the target switch in the switch information matrix, screening the opposite side switches of the incoming line switch circuit, forming an associated switch set by all the switches, and renumbering incoming lines of all the switches.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps:
（1）
in the method, in the process of the application,irepresent the firstiA plurality of wire inlet switches,xindicating that the associated switches are in common in a collectionxA plurality of incoming line switches;
number of pairs isiThe switch position value of the incoming line switch isThe position value of the switch is 1 when the switch is closed, and the position value of the switch is 0 when the switch is opened;
number of pairs isiThe incoming line switch of (2) has a switch self-switching state value ofThe state value at the time of automatic switching is 1, and the state value at the time of automatic switching is 0;
number of pairs isiThe switch operation value of the incoming line switch isAnd->；
Is the firstiThe operation value of the line where the incoming line switches are positioned makes the opposite side switch number of the incoming line switch bejThen->；
Number of pairs isiThe bus switch has a switch position value ofThe position value of the switch is 1 when the switch is closed, and the position value of the switch is 0 when the switch is opened;
number of pairs isiThe bus switch of which has a switch self-switching state value ofThe state value at the time of automatic switching is 1, and the state value at the time of automatic switching is 0;
number of pairs isiThe bus switch has a switch operation value ofAnd->；
For the bus-in coefficient, for the incoming line switch running on the same bus as the target switch, the bus-in coefficient is 1, for the switch not running on the same bus as the target switch, the bus-in coefficient is equal to the product of the bus-in/sectionalizing switch operation values between the two buses>。
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the step S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
s41, when 0<K<K 0 When there is a current risk of N-1 power failure, wherein K 0 The numerical value of (2) is set to be 1.2-1.5;
s42, when K 0 <K<K 1 When the starting switch is pulled, the risk target analysis switch is positioned in the transformer substation, and the risk of N-1 power failure occurs, wherein K is 1 The numerical value of (2) is set to 2.2-2.5;
s43, risk type judgment: when there is a risk of S41 or S42, if the bus coefficient between the minimum and maximum bus lines corresponding to the voltage levelIf the bus voltage level is equal to the highest voltage level of the station, the total stop risk of the N-1 bus is further determined; if->If the power failure risk is not equal to 0, judging that the power failure risk of the N-1 bus exists;
s44, counting the number N of power failure risks of the same voltage class bus N-1 of the same transformer substation, when n=n 0 If so, correcting the risk type to be N-1 bus total stop risk, returning to S43, wherein N is 0 The number of the buses is the voltage class; setting the bus interline operation value between the low-voltage buses with corresponding numbers of N-1 power failure risk buses to be 0;
s45, searching for risks of receiving-end substations with the same voltage level, and if the analysis and judgment result of the target switch shows that the N-1 power failure risk exists in the substation where the target switch is located, selecting all the switches with positive power directions on the corresponding bus as starting switches, and searching for the positive power directionsAnd (3) associating the switch set, calculating an effective power supply path, wherein the N-1 risk criterion is as follows: k-1<K 0 。
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the step S5 specifically comprises the following steps:
s51, taking the risk set obtained in the step S4 as a target, and enabling the power failure risk of the high-voltage bus N-1 to be equivalent to the power failure of the high-voltage total N-1 on the bus, and further equivalent to the power failure of the medium-voltage side and low-voltage side total switch N-1 corresponding to the main transformer, wherein the power failure risk criterion of the low-voltage bus is as follows: k (K)<K 0 ；
S52, setting all line switches on the bus as starting switches with the middle and low voltage buses with the N-1 power failure risk in the step S51 as targets, repeating the step S4, and searching for a next-stage risk point;
s53, repeating the steps S4-S51 until the voltage level of the searched bus is 35kV or 10kV;
s54, carrying out load loss statistics, namely accumulating active power values of all outgoing lines at a sampling moment before target switch deflection or analog deflection by taking all 35kV and 10kV buses with power failure risks obtained through searching as targets, and obtaining the load loss S Σ ；
S55, calculating the load loss proportion, and respectively calculating the load loss magnitude S of each region according to the load region attribute 1 、S 2 、S 3 … …, respectively, are compared with the total load of each region at the same time to obtain the load loss ratio S 1 %、S 2 %、S 3 %、……。
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the risk grading and early warning information release concretely comprise:
matching the N-1 risk event type with the load loss and the load loss proportion with a risk event library to perform risk grading, and generating early warning information;
and issuing power grid risk early warning through a D5000 system popup window.
The application has the beneficial effects that: the application provides a radiation type power grid risk automatic early warning method based on switch information, which starts from actual demands of dispatching operation work of regional power grids, takes important risk event early warning of the regional power grids as a target, constructs logic criteria from position information, self-switching state and flowing power direction information of the switches, analyzes the possible power grid risk event on line, calculates event grade, and carries out early warning, thereby providing the most visual power grid risk judgment for dispatching operation operators on duty.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of grid connection of a specific example of the first embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art may better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the following detailed description of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings is provided for exemplary and explanatory purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present application, comprising the following steps:
s1, formulating a risk analysis target switch determination principle.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
the start switch is selected, and a risk analysis target switch (hereinafter referred to as a target switch) is determined according to the start switch.
In this embodiment, the start switch is generated by actual switch displacement information or analog operation.
(1) If the start switch is a line switch, the target switch determination principle is:
1) If the position value of the opposite side switch of the starting switch is 0, the opposite side switch is disconnected, and the automatic switching state is judged:
i. if the self-switching state value is 0, defining the line as a power failure state without a target switch, and ending;
if the self-switching state value is 1, defining a line as a standby power supply state, and determining that the target switch is a contralateral switch;
2) If the position value of the opposite side switch of the starting switch is 1, the opposite side switch closes, and the power flow direction is judged:
i. if the power (previous sampling value) flow direction of the starting switch is positive (outflow), determining that the target switch is a contralateral switch;
if the power (previous sample) flow direction of the start switch is negative (in), the target switch is determined to be the start switch.
(2) If the start switch is a master switch, all the line switches are set as the start switches and the analysis is started sequentially, namely, the analysis is performed according to the steps 1) and 2) in the step (1).
(3) If the starting switch is the main switch, the target switch determining principle is as follows:
1) If the starting switch is a high-voltage main switch, the equivalent is that the medium-voltage main switch and the low-voltage main switch of the main transformer are simultaneously selected as the starting switch;
2) If the starting switch is a non-high-voltage main switch, the starting switch is equivalent to a same-voltage-class line switch, other same-voltage-class main switch types of the transformer substation are replaced by line switches, and the operation value of the opposite-side switch is defined as 1.
S2, the set forms an associated switch set related to the target switch.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: and screening all the switches with the same station name as the target switch in the switch information matrix, screening the opposite side switches of the incoming line switch circuit, forming an associated switch set by all the switches, and renumbering incoming lines of all the switches.
The switch information matrix comprises all switches: station name, type, switch position information, automatic switching state, active power value, load area attribute, switch voltage level, switch operation bus, contralateral switch number information, the above raw data collected from SCADA constitutes matrix A, the above information is digitized to form switch information matrix B, wherein:
station name: the transformer station names are respectively ordered by 1-m, and the transformer station names are replaced by serial numbers;
type (2): setting options of an incoming line switch, a middle-low voltage outgoing line switch, a transformer high-voltage receiving main switch and a transformer middle-low voltage receiving main switch, and conforming to the corresponding types, wherein the value of 1 in the matrix is equal to 0;
switch position information: the switch is closed to be 1, and the switch is opened to be 0;
self-casting state: the self-throwing input is 1, and the self-throwing exit is 0;
active power value: a power value P flowing through the switch;
power flow value: in order to avoid the influence of the error of the sampling value of the power of the air charging circuit, a power sensitivity value P is set 0 When P>P 0 When the power flows out, the value is 0, and the value is 1 otherwise;
and the incoming line switch comprises: a line switch with a power flow direction value of 1;
load zone attribute: marking 35kV and 10kV distribution network transmission lines according to counties, regions and cities where power supply regions are located, and representing the regions where loads are provided by the power distribution network transmission lines by numbers 1, 2, 3 and … … respectively;
switching voltage class: setting options of 220kV,110kV,35kV and 10kV, and conforming to the corresponding types, wherein the value of 1 is set in the matrix, and the value of 0 is set in the matrix;
switch operation bus: setting number options of 1, 2, 3 and … … representing buses, and operating on the corresponding buses to obtain 1, wherein the number options are 0; the bus numbering rules are arranged in ascending order according to bus names, the minimum number corresponds to number 1, and the first bus in the first bus and the second bus corresponds to a small number;
contralateral switch number information: the number of the switch on the opposite side of the switch line, which is the type of the incoming line switch, is 0, and the number value of the other switch on the opposite side is 0.
S3, calculating the number of effective electrical paths of the target switch.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
（1）
in the method, in the process of the application,irepresent the firstiA plurality of wire inlet switches,xindicating that the associated switches are in common in a collectionxA plurality of incoming line switches (including a target switch);
number of pairs isiThe switch position value of the incoming line switch isThe position value of the switch is 1 when the switch is closed, and the position value of the switch is 0 when the switch is opened;
number of pairs isiThe incoming line switch of (2) has a switch self-switching state value ofThe state value at the time of automatic switching is 1, and the state value at the time of automatic switching is 0;
number of pairs isiThe switch operation value of the incoming line switch isAnd->；
Is the firstiThe operation value of the line where the incoming line switches are positioned makes the opposite side switch number of the incoming line switch bejThen->；
Number of pairs isiThe bus switch has a switch position value ofThe position value of the switch is 1 when the switch is closed, and the position value of the switch is 0 when the switch is opened;
number of pairs isiThe bus switch of which has a switch self-switching state value ofThe state value at the time of automatic switching is 1, and the state value at the time of automatic switching is 0;
number of pairs isiThe bus switch has a switch operation value ofAnd->；
For the bus-in coefficient, for the incoming line switch running on the same bus as the target switch, the bus-in coefficient is 1, for the switch not running on the same bus as the target switch, the bus-in coefficient is equal to the product of the bus-in/sectionalizing switch operation values between the two buses>。
S4, judging the risk type of the target switch.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s41, when 0<K<K 0 When there is a current risk of N-1 power failure, wherein K 0 The numerical value of (2) is set to be 1.2-1.5.
S42, when K 0 <K<K 1 When the starting switch is pulled, the risk target analysis switch is positioned in the transformer substation, and the risk of N-1 power failure occurs, wherein K is 1 The numerical value of (2) is set to 2.2-2.5.
S43, risk type judgment: when there is a risk of S41 or S42, if the bus coefficient between the minimum and maximum bus lines corresponding to the voltage levelWhen the bus voltage level is equal to the highest voltage level of the station, the total station power failure risk is further determined (equivalent to that all high-voltage buses have N-1 power failure risk); if->And when the power failure of the N-1 bus is judged to be at the power failure risk of the N-0 bus.
S44, counting the number N of power failure risks of the same-voltage-class bus N-1 of the same transformer substation in the starting risk analysis, wherein when n=n 0 If so, correcting the risk type to be N-1 bus total stop risk, returning to step S43, wherein N 0 The number of the buses is the voltage class; bus-to-bus operation value between low-voltage buses with corresponding numbers and with N-1 power failure risk busesSetting to 0; in this step, the risk analysis is started by manually selecting the start switch, and the early warning cycle of manually or automatically eliminating the risk is issued as the end.
S45, searching for risks of transformer substations at the receiving ends of the same voltage level, if the analysis and judgment result of the target switch shows that N-1 power failure risks exist in the transformer substations, selecting the switch with positive power directions on the corresponding bus as a starting switch, searching for an associated switch set, carrying out effective power supply path calculation, and judging that N-1 risk criteria exist as follows: k-1<K 0 。
S5, calculating the load loss and the load loss proportion.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s51, taking the risk set obtained in the step S4 as a target, and enabling the power failure risk of the high-voltage bus N-1 to be equivalent to the power failure of the high-voltage total N-1 on the bus, and further equivalent to the power failure of the medium-voltage side and low-voltage side total switch N-1 corresponding to the main transformer, wherein the power failure risk criterion of the low-voltage bus is as follows: k (K)<K 0。
S52, setting all line switches on the medium-voltage bus and the low-voltage bus with the N-1 power failure risk in the step S51 as starting switches, repeating the step S4, and searching for a next-stage risk point.
S53, repeating the steps S4-S51 until the voltage level of the searched bus is 35kV or 10kV.
S54, carrying out load loss statistics, namely accumulating active power values of all outgoing lines at a sampling moment before target switch deflection or analog deflection by taking all 35kV and 10kV buses with power failure risks obtained through searching as targets, and obtaining the load loss S Σ 。
S55, calculating the load loss proportion, and respectively calculating the load loss magnitude S of each region according to the load region attribute 1 、S 2 、S 3 … …, respectively, are compared with the total load of each region at the same time to obtain the load loss ratio S 1 %、S 2 %、S 3 %、……。
S6, risk grading and issuing early warning information.
The risk is classified, early warning information is issued, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s61, matching the N-1 risk event type with the load loss and the load loss proportion with a risk event library to carry out risk grading, and generating early warning information;
s62, issuing power grid risk early warning through a D5000 system popup window.
In the embodiment, a manual elimination function is arranged in a D5000 system popup window, and risk early warning cycle release can be ended through manual elimination; before manual elimination is not carried out, risk analysis and early warning are carried out again by taking a set target switch as a target every 5 minutes until the risk matching disappears due to the change of the power grid mode, and early warning circulation release is ended.
The risk event library in this embodiment mainly selects event types related to bus, main transformer power outage and load loss in the jurisdiction of regional power grids in the national power grid company scheduling System major event report rule, and includes:
four-stage grid event: 1) Causing the regional power grid to reduce the load by more than 4% and less than 10%; 2) Causing the direct-administration municipal power grid to reduce the supply by more than 5% and less than 20%; 3) The utility power grids in other districts are reduced by more than 20 percent; 4) The county-level commercial power grid with the power grid load of more than 150 megawatts reduces the power supply load by more than 40 percent; 5) The county-level commercial power grid with the power grid load below 150 megawatts reduces the power supply load by more than 40%;
five-stage grid event: 1) Causing the power grid to reduce the load by more than 100 megawatts; 2) Any voltage class bus above 220 kilovolts in the transformer substation is not planned to stop completely; 3) In a system with the voltage of more than 220 kilovolts, one event causes tripping of two or more main transformers in the same transformer substation;
six-stage grid event: 1) Causing the power grid to reduce the load by more than 40 megawatts and less than 100 megawatts; 2) Unplanned complete stop of 110 kilovolt buses in a transformer substation; 3) One event causes more than two 110 kilovolt main transformers in the same transformer substation to trip.
According to the embodiment, a certain switch is selected as a starting switch, the power grid risk event caused by the deflection of the switch can be automatically obtained through simulation operation, a duty dispatcher is helped to conduct risk analysis on an operation task, the rise of the power grid risk event level caused by improper arrangement of a power grid mode is effectively avoided, the duty dispatcher can obtain real-time power grid risk event early warning, power grid risk event management and control is effectively enhanced, and power grid risks are reasonably avoided. The switch information is adopted for analysis, so that the traditional load flow or probability load flow calculation is avoided, the operand is reduced, and the rapid early warning is realized; the situation that the accident of the superior substation also brings risks to the receiving-end substation is considered, the situation is analyzed step by step, the 35kV and 10kV distribution network transmission lines are used as final searching targets, the possible load loss caused by the power grid risk is determined, and the requirement of grading the power grid risk event in the actual dispatching operation work is fully met.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of grid connection of a specific example of the first embodiment of the present application is shown, where each station is 35kV,10kV load:
220kV I station: the method is free;
220kV II station: the method is free;
110kV a station: 10kV No. 4 bus: 14MW (zone A load);
10kV No. 5A bus: 6MW (zone A load);
10kV No. 5 bus: 10MW (zone A load);
10kV No. 6 bus: 8MW (zone A load);
110kV b station: 10kV No. 4 bus: 14MW (zone A load);
10kV No. 5A bus: 5MW (zone A load);
10kV No. 5 bus: 7MW (zone A load);
110kV c station: 10kV No. 4 bus: 8MW (zone B load);
10kV No. 5 bus: 6MW (zone B load);
region a: county-level city, total load 131MW;
region B: county, total load 76MW.
The following were analyzed in conjunction with this section:
simulation: pull-open 110kV c station 111 switch
1. The start switch 111 is selected.
2. And judging 111 that the switching power flow direction is negative (flowing into a bus), and determining the risk analysis target switch as a line local side switch, namely the 111 switch.
3. Searching to form an associated switch set is as follows: 220kV II station 121 switch, 110kV c station 111 switch, 145 switch, 201 switch, 202 switch and 10kV outlet switches (embodied in a load loss analysis link).
4. Calculating the number of effective power supply paths:
(1) Searching 110kV incoming line switches in the associated switch set, and obtaining the following results: a 111 switch; searching for 110kV bus (section) switches in the associated switch set, and obtaining 145 switches as a result;
(2) 111 switch is in the closing position, the operation value c 1 =1, 220kV II station 121 switch in the on-position, calculated value c 12 =1; thus the line calculation value alpha 1 =c 1 ·c 12 =1; number of active power paths:。
5. risk type determination:
due toAnd->So the current 110kV c station has the risk of N-1 total station power failure, and the total station power failure is directly caused by the tripping of the 111 switch;
there is currently a risk of N-1 power outage, i.e., tripping of the start switch 111 directly causes equipment outage and loss of load.
Load loss is searched: the method comprises the following steps of (1) searching a 35kV and 10kV power failure bus under N-1 faults: 110kV c station 10kV No. 4, 10kV No. 5 bus;
(2) Load loss calculation result:
the total loss load is 14MW <100MW, and the risk of a five-stage power grid is not formed;
zone B loses 14MW of load.
Risk grading, and issuing an early warning popup window: the risk level obtained by the risk analysis is counted as follows: 110kV bus of 110kV c station is completely stopped, six-level power grid risks;
(2) Issuing a risk early warning popup window: after the 110kV c station 111 switch is opened, such as an unscheduled power outage, a six-level grid event is caused.
And (II) simulation: pull open 220kV I station 102 switch
1. The start switch 102 is selected.
2. And judging 102 that the high-voltage main switch of the station is not the high-voltage main switch of the station, and equivalently, the high-voltage main switch is a 110kV bus incoming line switch of the station.
3. Searching to form an associated switch set is as follows: 220kV I stations 2211, 2212, 2201, 2202, 2245, 2213, 2214, 101, 102, 111, 119, 120, 201, 202 switch, replacing 101 switch type with incoming line switch.
4. Calculating the number of effective power supply paths:
(1) Searching 110kV incoming line switches in the associated switch set, and obtaining the following results: 101. 102, switching; searching for a 110kV bus-tie (segment) switch in the associated switch set, wherein the result is a 145A switch;
(2) 101 switch is in the closing position, the operation value c 1 =1, the opposite end switch operation value is set to 1, so the line operation value α 1 =1; 102 switch is in the closing position, the operation value c 2 =1, the opposite end switch operation value is set to 1, so the line operation value α 2 =1, bus 145 a switch on/off position, bus coefficient β 2 =1; number of active power paths:。
5. risk type determination:
due toAnd->Therefore, the current 110kV bus has no N-1 power failure risk, and the total power failure risk of the N-1 110kV bus is generated after the 102 switch is disconnected.
Load loss is searched: the method comprises the following steps of (1) searching a 35kV and 10kV power failure bus under N-1 faults: 110kV b station 10kV No. 5A, 10kV No. 5B and 10kV No. 6 bus;
(2) Load loss calculation result:
loss total load 26MW <100MW, does not constitute five-stage grid risk;
the loss load of the region A is 26MW <100MW, which accounts for 19.8<40% of the county-level city, and the risk of a four-level power grid is not formed.
Risk grading, and issuing an early warning popup window: the risk level obtained by the risk analysis is counted as follows: 220kV I station 110kV bus total stop, six-level power grid risk; 220kV II station 110kV bus total stop, six-level power grid risk; 110kV bus of 110kV b station is completely stopped, six-level power grid risks; (2) issuing a risk early warning popup window: after the 220kV I station 102 switch is opened, the risk of the N-1 six-level power grid is generated.
And (III) simulation: draw open XX power plant 2216 switch
1. Select start switch 2216.
2. The switch power flow direction is judged 2216 to be positive (the bus flows out), and the risk analysis target switch is determined to be a line opposite side switch, namely 2211 switch.
3. Searching to form an associated switch set is as follows: 220kV I stations 2211, 2212, 2201, 2202, 2245, 2213, 2214, 101, 102, 111, 119, 120, 201, 202 are switched.
4. Calculating the number of effective power supply paths:
(1) Searching 110kV incoming line switches in the associated switch set, and obtaining the following results: 2211. 2212 switch; the 220kV bus (section) switch is searched in the related switch set, and the result is 2245 switch.
(2) 2212 is switched on and off, the value c is calculated 1 =1, the opposite switch 2215 is at the combined position, the calculated value c 12 =1, thus the line calculation value α 1 =1; 2211 is switched on and the operation value c 21 =1, 2216 is on the combined position, the value c is calculated 22 =1, thus the line calculation value α 2 =0, bus 2245 switch position, bus coefficient β 2 =1; number of active power paths:。
5. risk type determination:
(1) Due toAnd->Therefore, the 220kV bus of the 220kV I station has no N-1 power failure risk, and the N-1 220kV bus total stop power failure risk is generated after the XX power plant 2216 switch is disconnected;
(2) Results of peer risk point search: after the XX power plant 2216 switch is disconnected, the 220kV II station simultaneously generates the risk of total power outage of the N-1 220kV bus.
6. Load loss is searched:
(1) Searching results of subordinate risk points:
after the XX power plant 2216 switch is disconnected, N-1 total stop risks exist in a 220kV I station 110kV bus, a 220kV II station 110kV bus, a 110kV a station 110kV 4, a 5 # bus, a 6 # bus, a 110kV b station 110kV 4 # bus, a 5 # bus, a 6 # bus, a 110kV c station 110kV 4 # bus and a 5 # bus;
(2) The power failure bus of 35kV and 10kV under the N-1 fault is found:
220kV I station 10kV 4, 5, 220kV II 10kV 5, 6, 110kV a 10kV 4, 5A, 5B, 6, 110kV b 10kV 5A, 5B, 6, 110kV c 10kV 4, 5.
(3) Load loss calculation result:
the total loss load 88MW is less than 100MW, and the risk of a five-stage power grid is not formed;
the loss load of the area A is 64MW, which accounts for 48.9% to 40% of the total load of the county-level city, so that a fourth-level power grid risk is formed;
zone B loses 14MW of load.
7. Risk grading, and issuing an early warning popup window:
(1) The risk grade obtained by the risk analysis is counted as follows: 220kV bus full stop of 220kV I station, five-level grid risk; 220kV station II 220kV bus total stop, five-level power grid risk; 220kV I station 110kV bus total stop, six-level power grid risk; 220kV II station 110kV bus total stop, six-level power grid risk; 110kV a station 110kV bus total stop, six-level power grid risks; 110kV bus of 110kV b station is completely stopped, six-level power grid risks; 110kV bus of 110kV c station is completely stopped, six-level power grid risks; area a loses load exceeding 40% and fourth-level grid risk;
(2) Issuing a risk early warning popup window: after the XX power plant 2216 switch is opened, a risk of the N-1 four-level power grid is generated.
The principles and embodiments of the present application have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present application and its core ideas. The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this application, and it is noted that there is objectively no limit to the specific structure disclosed herein, since numerous modifications, adaptations and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the application, and the above-described features can be combined in any suitable manner; such modifications, variations and combinations, or the direct application of the concepts and aspects disclosed herein without modification, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.

Claims (4)

1. The automatic radiation type power grid risk early warning method based on the switch information is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, formulating a risk analysis target switch determination principle;
s2, forming an associated switch set related to the target switch in a set manner;
s3, calculating the number of effective electrical paths of the target switch;
s4, judging the risk type of the target switch;
s5, calculating the load loss and the load loss proportion;
s6, risk grading and issuing early warning information;
the step S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting a starting switch, and determining a risk analysis target switch according to the starting switch;
(1) If the start switch is a line switch, the target switch determination principle is:
1) If the position value of the opposite side switch of the starting switch is 0, the opposite side switch is disconnected, and the automatic switching state is judged:
i. if the self-switching state value is 0, the line is defined as a power failure state without a target switch;
if the self-switching state value is 1, defining a line as a standby power supply state, and determining that the target switch is a contralateral switch;
2) If the position value of the opposite side switch of the starting switch is 1, the opposite side switch closes, and the power flow direction is judged:
i. if the power flow direction of the starting switch is positive, determining that the target switch is a contralateral switch;
if the power flow direction of the start switch is negative, determining the target switch as the start switch;
(2) If the starting switch is a bus-bar switch, setting all the line switches as starting switches and sequentially starting analysis;
(3) If the starting switch is the main switch, the target switch determining principle is as follows:
1) If the starting switch is a high-voltage main switch, the equivalent is that the medium-voltage main switch and the low-voltage main switch of the main transformer are simultaneously selected as the starting switch;
2) If the starting switch is a non-high voltage main switch, the starting switch is equivalent to a same-voltage-class line switch, other same-voltage-class main switch types of the transformer substation are replaced by line switches, and the operation value of the opposite-side switch is defined as 1;
wherein, the step S2 specifically comprises: screening all switches with the same station name as the target switch in a switch information matrix, screening opposite side switches of an incoming line switch circuit in the switch information matrix, forming an associated switch set by all the switches, and renumbering incoming lines of all the switches;
wherein, the step S3 specifically comprises:
（1）
in the method, in the process of the application,irepresent the firstiA plurality of wire inlet switches,xrepresenting associated switch setsCo-productionxA plurality of incoming line switches;
number of pairs isiThe switch position value of the incoming line switch isThe position value of the switch is 1 when the switch is closed, and the position value of the switch is 0 when the switch is opened;
number of pairs isiThe incoming line switch of (2) has a switch self-switching state value ofThe state value at the time of automatic switching is 1, and the state value at the time of automatic switching is 0;
number of pairs isiThe switch operation value of the incoming line switch isAnd->；
Is the firstiThe operation value of the line where the incoming line switches are positioned makes the opposite side switch number of the incoming line switch bejThen->；
Number of pairs isiThe bus switch has a switch position value ofThe position value of the switch is 1 when the switch is closed, and the position value of the switch is 0 when the switch is opened;
number of pairs isiThe bus switch of which has a switch self-switching state value ofThe state value at the time of automatic switching is 1, and the state value at the time of automatic switching is 0;
number of pairs isiBus switch of (a) the switch operation value of whichIs thatAnd->；
For the bus-in coefficient, for the incoming line switch running on the same bus as the target switch, the bus-in coefficient is 1, for the switch not running on the same bus as the target switch, the bus-in coefficient is equal to the product of the bus-in/sectionalizing switch operation values between the two buses>。
2. The automatic radiation type power grid risk early warning method based on switch information according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
s41, when 0<K<K 0 When there is a current risk of N-1 power failure, wherein K 0 The numerical value of (2) is set to be 1.2-1.5;
s42, when K 0 <K<K 1 When the starting switch is pulled, the risk target analysis switch is positioned in the transformer substation, and the risk of N-1 power failure occurs, wherein K is 1 The numerical value of (2) is set to 2.2-2.5;
s43, risk type judgment: when there is a risk of S41 or S42, if the bus coefficient between the minimum and maximum bus lines corresponding to the voltage levelIf the bus voltage level is equal to the highest voltage level of the station, the total stop risk of the N-1 bus is further determined; if->If the value is=0, then the N-1 parent is determined to existRisk of line blackout;
s44, counting the number N of power failure risks of the same voltage class bus N-1 of the same transformer substation, when n=n 0 If so, correcting the risk type to be N-1 bus total stop risk, returning to S43, wherein N is 0 The number of the buses is the voltage class; setting the bus interline operation value between the low-voltage buses with corresponding numbers of N-1 power failure risk buses to be 0;
s45, searching for risks of transformer substations at the receiving ends of the same voltage level, if the analysis and judgment result of the target switch shows that N-1 power failure risks exist in the transformer substations, selecting the switch with positive power directions on the corresponding bus as a starting switch, searching for an associated switch set, carrying out effective power supply path calculation, and judging that N-1 risk criteria exist as follows: k-1<K 0 。
3. The automatic radiation type power grid risk early warning method based on switch information according to claim 2, wherein the step S5 specifically comprises the following steps:
s51, taking the risk set obtained in the step S4 as a target, and enabling the power failure risk of the high-voltage bus N-1 to be equivalent to the power failure of the high-voltage total N-1 on the bus, and further equivalent to the power failure of the medium-voltage side and low-voltage side total switch N-1 corresponding to the main transformer, wherein the power failure risk criterion of the low-voltage bus is as follows: k (K)<K 0 ；
S52, setting all line switches on the bus as starting switches with the middle and low voltage buses with the N-1 power failure risk in the step S51 as targets, repeating the step S4, and searching for a next-stage risk point;
s53, repeating the steps S4-S51 until the voltage level of the searched bus is 35kV or 10kV;
s54, carrying out load loss statistics, namely accumulating active power values of all outgoing lines at a sampling moment before target switch deflection or analog deflection by taking all 35kV and 10kV buses with power failure risks obtained through searching as targets, and obtaining the load loss S Σ ；
S55, calculating the load loss proportion, and respectively calculating the load loss magnitude S of each region according to the load region attribute 1 、S 2 、S 3 … …, and the loads of the respective regions at the same timeThe total amount is compared to obtain a load loss ratio S 1 %、S 2 %、S 3 %、……。
4. The automatic risk early warning method for a radiation type power grid based on switch information according to claim 3, wherein the risk grading and early warning information issuing specifically comprises the following steps:
matching the N-1 risk event type with the load loss and the load loss proportion with a risk event library to perform risk grading, and generating early warning information;
and issuing power grid risk early warning through a D5000 system popup window.
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